Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Vocabulary 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit3 Sports and Fitness （vocabulary） 1._________ n. 健康，健壮，适合→________ adj. 健康的，适合的 2.______ v. 主持，主办；n. 主人，主持人→________ n. 女主持人 3. ________ n. 荣誉，尊敬，荣幸→____________ adj. 可敬的，值得钦佩的 4. n. 决心，决定→ v. 决定，确定→ adj. 坚决的，坚定地 5._________ v. 使受伤，损害→_________ adj. 受伤的，有伤的→________ n. 伤害，损害 词性转换 fitness host fit hostess injured determined determine determination honourable honour injury injure 2 6._________ n. 力量，体力→ v. 加强，巩固→_________adj. 强壮的，坚固的 7._________ n. 失败，失败的人（或事物）→_______ v. 失败，不及格 8._________ v. 竞争，对抗→ n. 竞争者，参赛者→ n. 竞赛，竞争→ adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的 9._________ n. 压力，紧张，重音；v. 强调，重读，使焦虑不安→ _________ adj. 压力重的→_________ adj. 焦虑不安的，重读的 10. n. 运动员；运动健儿→ adj. 健壮的；体育运动的 词性转换 strength strong failure stressed stressful stress competitive competition competitor compete fail strengthen athlete athletic 3 It was a great honour to be invited here today. May I have the honour of the next dance? He has just published a book in honour of his father. Two American doctors were honoured with the Nobel Prize last week. I don't think I am worthy of such an honourable title. I felt/ was very honored to be mentioned in this speech. 1. honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸；名誉；荣誉称号；头衔 很荣幸做…… 得到某殊荣；有幸做某事 为向……表示敬意 做某事感到荣幸 尊敬；给以荣誉；以……为荣 正直的; 光荣的；荣耀的; 尊敬的 honour n. It is an honour to do... have the honour of sth./doing sth. in honour of sb. honour v． honourable adj． be/ feel honored to do sth. adj． 归纳拓展 1. 单句语法填空 It’s my honour ___________(stand) here and say something about friendship. When I have the honour of __________(see) her again, I shall certainly tell her how modest you are. 2. 完成句子 A ceremony was held ______________ those killed in the explosion in Sri Lanka. 为纪念在斯里兰卡爆炸中丧生的人举行了一个仪式。 to stand　 seeing　 in honour of　 When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. (2018·全国Ⅲ) I determined on going to Tibet after graduation. They determined to start early. They were determined to start early. He stood up with determination. 2. determination n．决心；决定 determine to do sth. determine on/upon be determined to do sth. with determination 下定决心做某事 就…做出决心 决定做某事 坚决地；坚定地 归纳拓展 She was a brave and ___________ (determine) girl with rich imagination. (2018·天津卷) It is up to you _____________(determine) where we will go for our holiday. (be up to sb to do由···决定) Everyone concerned acted with great courage and _____________(determine). to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately. determined to determine determination Determined An athlete should think about honour and his fans if he is competing for his country. It is difficult for a small grocery store to compete with a supermarket. Several companies are competing against each other for the contract. How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games? 3. compete v．竞争 compete v. competitor n. competition n. competitive adj. 与...竞争 为争取…而与…对抗/竞争 参加…比赛；在…方面竞争 归纳拓展 竞争；对抗；参加比赛 竞争者；对手 比赛；竞赛 竞争的，有竞争力的 compete with /against compete with /against…for… compete in Life is like a long race where we with others to go beyond ourselves. We must maintain our professional to win the . Because 。 people want to be the best at everything. In the long journey, try their best to do it. compete competence competition competitive competitors 1. He came first in the poetry______________(compete). 2. Our firm is no longer____________(compete) in the world market. 3. The firm has better products than its ______________(compete). 4. We are competing _____________several companies for the project. competition competitive competitors against/with A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his team. Miss Harper closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep. He pretended not to know the facts. She pretended to be doing her homework when the teacher came in. When asked about the content of the book, he pretended to have read it. She pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the bell. 4. pretend v．假装 pretend (not) to do sth. pretend to be +n./adj. pretend to be doing sth. pretend to have done sth. pretend+（that）从句 假装是… … 假装（没)做某事 假装正在做某事 假装做了某事 假装... 归纳拓展 She pretended (sleep) when her mother came in. He pretended (forget) the conversation after that night. He pretended to his family everything was fine. I passed by Joan quickly without greeting her, pretending not (see) her. to be sleeping to have forgotten that to see 1. She ________(injure) his arm in the accident. 2. Tom has been seriously (injure) in a road accident. 3. The battle came to an end and the injured ______ (be) taken good care of. 4. Dog owners should be responsible if their pets do ___ injury to other people. injured injured were an 5. injury n. 伤害，损伤 vt. 使受伤；损害 伤员(作主语时一般看作复数) 负伤 伤害某人 the injured injure vt. suffer (from) an injury do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 归纳拓展 wound 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中受伤。 injure “损害；受伤”，指由于意外或事故而受伤，着重指容貌、机能的损坏 hurt “疼痛；痛苦；伤心”，指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害。 harm 肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害，可能会带来不便。 词义辨析 选词填空：injure/wound/ hurt/ harm  The soldier was _________ in the arm in the war.  She was ________ slightly in an accident during the work.  I was very much ______ at his words.  This bright light will do great _______ to your eyes. wounded injured hurt harm 写出下列句中strength的含义 ① Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. ____________ ② English is my strength, while I don’t do well in Maths. ____________ ③ I don’t have the strength to lift the box. ____________ 强项 力量 优点；长处 6. strength n. [U]力量；体力；[C] 优点；长处；强项 strong adj. 强壮的 strength n. 力量 strengthen v. 加强; long adj. length n. 长度 lengthen v. (使)变长 high adj. height n. 高度 heighten v. 提高 wide adj. width n. 宽度 widen v. (使)变宽 deep adj. depth n. 深度 deepen v. (使)变深 词汇拓展 有做某事的力气/意志力 增强体力 用尽全身的力气 强项和弱项;优缺点 build up one’s strength have the strength to do sth. with all one's strength strengths and weaknesses 归纳拓展 24 ① Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength _________ (do) the most difficult things in my life. ② As a good teacher, you should know your students' ________ (strength) and weaknesses. ③ The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, (strength) Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. to do strengths strengthened 词义辨析 power，一般指动力、思维能力、权力等各种力量； energy，一般指能量、能源以及精力； strength，一般指人或物内在的、固有的力量，意为“力量， 力气，体力”，“有点”； force，指物理学意义上的力，也常指暴力、武力，也可 表示“部队”。 26 选词填空：power/energy/ force/ strength (1) The thief took the money from the old man by . (2) She puts all her into her work. (3) The present regine (政权) has been in for two years. (4) It may take a few weeks for you to build up your again. force energies power strength 骗取某人某物 骗某人去做某事 cheat sb into doing sth. cheat sb of sth. =trick / deceive / fool sb into doing sth. 7. cheat vt. 欺骗；作弊 n. 骗子；欺骗行为 (1) __________ (cheat) of a lot of money, the old man was very sad. (2) It is wrong __________ (cheat) in the exam. (3) Many ________ (cheat) were arrested (逮捕) and put in prison. Cheated to cheat cheats 把......和......做比较，把......比喻成...... 与......相比 与某人交流意见/看法 be compared with/to compare ... with/to ... compare notes with sb 8. compare vt. 对比，比较 (1) ____________ British English with American English, I think the latter is easier to learn. (2) ____________ (compare) the old one, his new car is easier to operate. Comparing Compared 在压力之下 在……的压力下；为……所迫 使某人感到沉重的压力 强调某事物；把重点放在某物上 强调……的重要性 under the stress of　 under stress 　 put sb. under great stress 9. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vi. 焦虑不安 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 lay/place/put stress on sth. stress the importance of 30 1. The poor boy stole some bread the stress of hunger. 2. Some schools lay/place/put a lot of stress foreign language education. 3. Premier Li stressed the importance understanding between nations. 4. You should pay attention to the (stress) when you read English words. 5. I felt (stress) when I take up some (stress) work. under on of stresses stressed stressful 如果；结果 无论如何；不管怎样 重大事件；主要事件 in any event in the event major event 10. event n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 accident 多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情。 • a traffic accident incident 既可指小事件或小插曲，又可指政治上有影响的事件或事变。 • He could remember every incident in great detail. • the Lugouqiao Incident 卢沟桥事变 event 尤指历史上的重大事件，还可以表示国际、国内的大事以及体育比赛项目。 • the chief events of 2020 • The 800 metres is not his best event. 词义辨析 This year’s Olympic Games will be the biggest sporting __________. Officials expressed their concern over this social ________. People should obey traffic rules to avoid road . event incident accidents incident accidents event 33 翻译下列句子。 (1) The dog has a strong sense of smell. (2) He is a man of great sense of responsibility. (3) He has a sense of humor so everyone here likes him. (4) It is the common sense that people catch cold because of viruses. (5) There is no sense in talking with him. He will not listen. (6) He writes a lot of stories, so in a sense, he is a writer. 五官的感觉 责任感 幽默感 常识 做......没有意义 从某种意义上说 11. sense n. 感觉；理解力，判断力；意义，含义； v. 感觉到，觉察到 翻译下列句子。 (7) In no sense do I agree with you. (8) Planning ahead makes sense, especially when you have many things to deal with. (9) I can make sense of what the article said with some notes (注释) below. (10) The deer sensed the danger coming near and ran away. 绝不 有意义 弄懂......的意思 vt. 感知到，感觉到 common sense 常识 make no sense 讲不通，没意义 a sense of direction/ houmour/ safety / responsibility 方向感/ 幽默感/ 安全感/ 责任感 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in no sense 决不 lose one's senses 失去理智 （= out of one's senses） come to one's senses 恢复意识 There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有意义 归纳拓展 36 1. There is no sense getting upset about it now. look ahead and everything will be all right. 2. His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time trying to make sense what he really meant. 3. Keeping a sense homour helps reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today's society. in of of 37 He refused to give in to bullying and threats. You saved my life and I want to give back to you. The teacher gave out the exam papers. Is there anyone in your department who could give a hand for a few days? He should give way to a younger, more decisive leader. Many household products give off noxious fumes (有毒烟雾). I’ll never give away your secrets again. 12. give up 放弃；停止 让步；投降；上交 分发； 泄露；出卖；让步 归还；恢复；后退；反射 (声、光等) 分发；发表；用尽；精疲力竭 给予帮助 让路；让步 放出；发出(气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等) give in give away give back give out give sb. a hand give way to give off 词汇拓展 介词、副词填空 ① He refused to give to old age. ② Don’t give the secret. ③ Give the examination papers. ④ Chemical changes give energy. ⑤ All great players never give in face of difficulties. in　 away　 out　 off　 up　 14. cut…out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 cut down cut up cut off cut in cut through cut into pieces cut across 砍倒；削减，压缩 切/破碎 切断，停掉；隔绝，挡住 插嘴 开辟（出路或通道） 切成碎片 13. cut...out 停止做(或使用，食用)；剪下； (从文字作品、文章中)删掉；剪出 抄近路穿过；横越 41 This article is too long，and you have to cut it __________ to 1, 000 words. 2. When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company cut ______ his Internet connection. 3. It is bad manners for you to always cut _____ when other people are talking. 4. Cut ______ your stupid joke！Nobody wants to hear that. 5. He cut a piece of meat and cut it to make dumplings. down off in out into up come 短语填空或体会其含义。 1. May all your dreams come true. 2. Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction. 3. Please tell me how the accident came about. 4. He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across. 实现 渐渐意识到 发生 14. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 被理解 5. He always appeared when someone needed help, so he came across as a warm-hearted person. 6. When it comes to collecting information, this kind of robot is the most effective. 7. Their quarrel comes down to money. 8. Bicycles come in different colors--- silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want. 给人以......印象 当谈及 归结为 （货物、产品等）有生产;有供应 9. My first novel came out while I was at college. 10. The “air pollution” topic comes up every year. 11. Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. 出版 被提出 提出 come across 偶然遇见; ___________; _______________ come up ______________; ____________; ____________; ____________ come up with __________ come down to ____________ come to an end ______ come to a conclusion ____________ 被人理解 给人以......印象 上来，走近 植物发芽 ......被提出 提出...... 归结为...... 结束 得出结论 发生；即将到来 词汇拓展 come up to 达到 come to oneself 恢复知觉，苏醒 come to 达到，总共；苏醒 come about 发生，产生 come on 加油，上演 come true 实现 come in 进来 come of 由... ...产生 come off 举行；发行；脱落sth. comes to sb. 某人突然想到 come down 降下 come away 掉下 come by 走过 come forward 挺身而出 词汇拓展 47 1. It’s up to you to decide which arrangement we should choose. 2. He is not up to his work. 3. Up to yesterday, I thought he was single. 4. Up to now, we _____________ (learn) 2000 English words in all. 5. Two thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 6. Time's up. Stop writing and hand in your papers. It’s up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定做某事 胜任 直到 多达 (of a period of time 一段时间) finished; over 已结束；已过去 have learned 15. up to 直到；多达；胜任 fall behind　 落在(……)后面；跟不上 fall down 跌倒；倒塌；不尽人意 fall in love with 坠入爱河；爱上 fall off (从……)掉下；跌落；(数量或质量)下降 fall over 被……绊倒；倒下 16. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 49 1. When she ________, her daughter took over the business from her. 2. A book ______________ from the shelf. 3. When I first saw the girl, I ______________________her. 4. When some students , others would come and offer help. 5. It’s very easy to __________ the habit of smoking, but extremely difficult to quit. fell for/fell in love with fell ill fell down/off fell behind fall into lose one’s heart to 爱上倾心于 put one’s heart to= lose oneself in 专心于 learn sth. by heart 背诵；牢记... strike ... into one's heart 使...刻骨铭心 heart and soul 全心全意地 lose weight 减肥 lose face 丢脸 lose touch/contact 失去联系 lose one’s way 迷路 lose one’s temper 发脾气 17. lose heart 失去信心；丧失勇气 51 用heart的相关短语填空 1. Our party was founded in 1921, since when she has been serving the people _______________. 2. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words __________. 3. As an old saying goes, “Nothing is too hard if you it.” 4. Although he was out of work, he decided to start a new business instead of ___________. heart and soul by heart put your heart into losing heart 写出work out的用法和意义 ① While the boys are golfing, I work out in the gym. 小伙子们打高尔夫球的时候，我在健身房____________。 ② They will meet later today to work out a plan. 他们定于今天晚些时候进行会谈，____________一个方案。 ③ It took me some time to work out what was causing this. 我花了一些时间才____________此事的起因。 锻炼 制定 弄清 18. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决； 弄清；制定出 53 break out （战争等）爆发；使逃脱,使逃走 bring out 使……显示出来；出版 carry out 执行，贯彻；进行（到底） check out 结帐后离开，办妥手续离开 come out 出版，发表；显现，出现；结果是 cut out 删掉，割去 drop out 退学，退出 figure out 计算出；估计 词汇拓展 54 find out 查明；找到；发现 give out 分发；发出（气味等） go out 熄灭；外出 hand out 分发,散发 die out 消失，灭绝 lay out 布置，安排，设计；摆出，展开 leave out 忽略，遗漏；省略 look out 留神，注意 词汇拓展 55 make out 写出，开列；看出,辨认出 pick out 选出；辨认出,分辨出 point out 指出，指明 pull out 拔出，抽出；（车、船等）驶出 put out 熄灭；关（灯）；公布，出版 run out （of） 用完，耗尽 set out 动身，起程；开始 stand out 引人注目；杰出,出色 turn out 关掉（收音机等）；结果是 词汇拓展 56 1. We just made it in time for the wedding. 2. The train leaves in ten minutes. Hurry up or we won’t make it. 4. Believe in yourself. You can make it! 5. Tom did not make it to another summer and died that winter. 6. I am sorry I did not make it to your party last night. 准时到达，赶上 做到，成功 渡过难关 能参加，能出席 19. make it 准时到达；做到，成功；渡过难关；能参加 准时到达 make up 形成， 组成，编造 make up one’s mind 下定决心 make full use of 充分利用 make out 理解；辨认出 make for 促成；朝…走去 make up for 弥补 make it to (尤指在困难情况下）准时到达 make one’s way (to) 前往 词汇拓展 用含有make的短语完成句子。 ① I’m really sorry that I can’t ________ on Sunday because of the exam. ② Now you should your lost time. ③ We’ll Changsha during winter vacation. ④ I heard the voice, but I couldn’t what they were saying. ⑤ A happy parent a happy child. make it make up for make our way to make out makes for $$