Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 知识点及词性转换导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

必修二 Unit1 知识点及词性转换 一、知识点 1. relic /ˈrelɪk/ n.[C]遗物;遗迹 cultural relics文化遗产 2. mount /maʊnt/ v. ①骑(上)vi.&vt. I mounted the steps and looked around me slowly. 我爬上台阶，慢慢环顾四周。 ②组织;安排vt.(=arrange) mount a protest /an exhibition 发起抗议/举办展览 一词多义： The protesters are going to a large-scale demonstration in the city center tomorrow.______ your courage and face the challenge bravely._____________ She the horse gracefully and galloped away.__________ 3. former /ˈfɔːmə/ adj · 以前的 He is my former colleague.他是我以前的同事。 · (两者中)前面的 the former ... the latter 前者……后者 John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer. 约翰和詹姆斯是兄弟，前者是老师，后者是工程师。 4. preserve /prɪ'z3:v/ vt 保护;保存(save)；n.保护区 preserve one's eyesight 保护视力 翻译句子： 在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都被保护得很好。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. promote /prəˈməʊt/ vt. ➊促进 promote traditional cultures/festivals 弘扬传统文化/传承传统节日 ➋晋升 He has been promoted to general manager他已被提升为总经理。 ➌促销 What is the advertisement promoting?这则广告在推销什么? 一词多义： Our school always tries to students' all-around development by holding various activities. After years of hard work, he was finally and got a higher-paying job. The store is offering discounts to the sales of new products. 6. application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn] n |C] & [U] ➊申请;申请书;申请表 a job application 求职申请 fill in /out an application form)填写 申请(表) accept /reject sb’s application 接受/拒绝某人的申请 ➋应用;运用;[缩略为app]应用程序 7. give way(to)让步(于);屈服(于) give way to pressure在压力下让步 8. balance/ˈbæləns/ n.v. ➊平衡 keep /lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 ➋余额 I have a balance of about $50,000 in my savings account.我的存款账户里有五万美元左右的余额。 · on balance 总的说来 (after considering all the information) 9. lead to 导致；造成(result in) 翻译句子： _______________________________________________________缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。 10. propose /prəˈpəʊz/ v. 提出，建议，计划 ➊建议、提出： propose a better solution 提出更好的解决方案 · propose doing sth The report proposes extending motorways.该报告建议拓宽机动车道。 · propose + that ... (should) do sth 翻译句子： A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund (should) be established to raise money. ______________________________________________________________________________ ➋打算、计划： · propose doing / to do sth打算做... He proposed buying /to buy a new car 他打算买一辆新车。 11. protest ➊/ˈprəʊtest / n |C]&|U]抗议;反对 The film director resigned in protest at the decision.电影导演辞职以抗议此决定。 ➋/prəˈtest/vi&vt抗议;反对 protest a decision 反对一项决定 12. likely/ˈlaɪkli/ ➊adj.可能的 翻译句子： ① be likely to do sth 如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就可能会提高。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ②it is likely+(that)从句 It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. _____________________________________________________________________________ ➋adv.可能地 When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. 当一只狼嚎叫起来，其他的狼很可能也跟着叫。 Not likely![表示强烈的否定】绝不可能!才不呢! 13. turn to 转向;求助于: ___________________________________________________________________遇到困难时请向警察求助。 14. establish/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ vt ➊建立;创立;设立(set up) The company was established in 1980.这家公司成立于1980年。 ➋确立;立足;得到认可 By 1909, Picasso had established himself as a painter of great talent in Paris. 到1909年时，毕加索已在巴黎确立了他天才画家的地位。 established /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/adj已确立的;确定的: an established fact 既定事实 establishment /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/ n. ➊[U]建立;设立;确立;创办 The speaker announced the establishment of a new college. 发言人宣布了新学院的成立。 ➋[C]【正式用语]机构;企业 an educational establishment 教育机构 The ______ (establish) of this new policy has brought many changes to the company.（用所给单词的适当形式填空） 许多国际知名的教育机构都在积极开展线上教学。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 运动对我们的健康有益，这是一个既定事实。（形式主语） ________________________________________________________________________________ 15. limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ ➊n.界限；边界 ➋n.限度；限制 a time limit时间限制 ➌n.极限 He tried my patience to its limits.他把我的耐心逼到了极限。 within limits在某种范围内；适度地 - I'm willing to help, within limits.我愿意帮忙，可是有一定限度。 ➍vt.限制；限定 - A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.缺乏正规教育会限制你的就业机会。 · limit...to (prep.)将……限制在(某范围内) - I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。 16. prevent /prɪˈvent/vt.阻止；预防；防止 · prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth - There were many ways to prevent this from happening.有多种方法可以防止此事发生。 17. loss /lɒs/ n.[C] & [U] ①遗失；失去；丧失：事物的“失去” - a sense of loss失落感 ②死亡；去世 ③亏损；损失 - If she leaves, it will be a big loss to the school.如果她离开，这将是学校的一大损失。 · (be) at a loss感到迷惑；不知所措 - We are at a loss as to what kind of business to start.___________________________________ 18. contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n.[C]贡献 I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world.我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。 19. contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/v.贡献；捐助；捐献v. It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。 · contribute (sth) to sth - contribute (money) to the Red Cross向红十字会捐钱 20. department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/n.[C](医院、大学、公司、政府等)科；系；部 - the Sales Department销售部 - a department store百货商场 - the English department英语系 21. investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/vt. & vi.调查；侦查；调查研究 Tu Youyou and her team used modern research methods to investigate the Chinese herbs one by one.屠呦呦和她的团队采用现代的研究方法对这些中草药逐一进行研究。 22. issue /ˈɪʃuː/ ➊n. ①议题 - The environmental issue is a worldwide problem.环境问题是世界性的问题。 ②(令人担忧的)问题 - Money is not an issue.钱不是问题。 ➋vt.公布；发布 - The minister issued a statement to the press.部长向新闻界发表了声明。 23. conduct ➊/kənˈdʌkt/v.〔尤指为获取信息或证实某事时〕进行；实施；执行 conduct a survey/investigation/review/experiment etc进行调查/复盘/实验 ➋/ˈkɒndʌkt/n.行为；举止 - Confucius suggested a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you."孔子提出一项生活行为准则:“己所不欲，勿施于人。” 24. donate /dəʊˈneɪt/vt. & vi.捐赠 · donate...to... The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake. _________________________________________________________________________________ 25. attempt /əˈtempt/ ➊n.试图 · in an attempt to do sth Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.___________________________________ - All attempts by the experts to cure him failed.专家们治疗他的所有努力都失败了。 ➋vt.试图 - He did not attempt the last question in the examination.在考试中他放弃了最后一道题。 · attempt to do sth - Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.每年大约有四万人尝试去登非洲的最高峰——乞力马扎罗山。 26. worthwhile /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/adj.值得花时间/精力的 a worthwhile job值得做的工作 · it is worthwhile doing / to do sth ___________________________________________________________有必要比较一下价格。 27. download /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/v.n.下载 反:upload We can download software, documents, and images whenever we need them. ____________________________________________________________________________ 28. professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ ➊adj.职业的；专业的 a professional tennis player职业网球运动员 ➋n.[C]专业人士；职业选手 There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. ______________________________________________________________________ 29. process /ˈprəʊses/ ➊n.过程；进程 -Getting fit again is a long and slow process.__________________________________ ➋vt.加工 - Fat and salt are required to process the food that we eat.加工我们所吃的食物需要有油和盐。 30. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ (forgave, forgiven) ➊vt.原谅；宽恕 · forgive sb sth - They forgave him his rudeness.他们原谅了他的无礼。 · forgive sb for (doing) sth - Forgive me for interrupting, but I have something urgent to tell you.请原谅我打断一下，但是我有要紧事要告诉你。 forgive and forget不念旧恶；不记仇 sb could / might be forgiven for doing sth某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的 31. image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/n.[C]&[U]影像；图像；形象；印象 Littering makes our school dirty, and does harm to the image of our school.乱扔垃圾使我们的学校脏乱，并且有损学校的形象。 32. quality /ˈkwɒləti/ ➊[C]&[U]特性；特征，如：The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.（文学的第一个特征是它对真与美的描写。 ） ➋[C]&[U]质；质量，如：improve the quality of life（改善生活质量） ➌[C][常用复数]品质；品德，如：What qualities does a great person have?（伟人具有什么样的品德? ） ➍[U]优质，如：products of quality（优质产品） 一词多义 The of this camera is outstanding, with clear images and smooth operation. Patience is a great that helps people deal with difficult situations calmly. A key of a successful entrepreneur is the courage to take risks. This shop is famous for its products of , attracting many customers. 33. comparison /kəmˈpærɪsn/n. [C]&[U]比较；对比；相比 · make a comparison between A and B（比较A和B） 34. contrast ➊/kənˈtrɑːst/ vt. & vi. (使)形成对照；(使)形成对比， In this book, the writer contrasts good with evil.（在这本书里，作者对善与恶进行了对比。 ） ➋/ˈkɒntrɑːst/ n. [C] &[U]差异；对比；对照 the economic and social contrasts between the poor and the rich（穷人和富人之间的经济和社会差异） · by / in contrast（相反；大不相同） · in contrast with / to（与……对比；与……相反） · In contrast to his wife, Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.（与他的妻子不同，布什对出国旅游没什么兴趣。） · make a contrast with（与……形成对比） · The white walls make a contrast with the black carper.（白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对比。） 35. identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ ➊确认；认出；识别 ，如：He was too far away to be able to identify faces.（他离得太远，认不出那些面孔。） ➋找出；发现，如：Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer.（科学家们已发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。） ➌表明……的身份，如：His accent identified him as a Frenchman.（他的口音表明他是法国人。 ） · identify sb / sth with sth（认为某人/某物等同于某物） · You should not identify wealth with happiness.（你不应该把财富与幸福等同起来。） · identify with sb/sth（认同某人/某物；与某人/某物有同感 ） · I didn’t enjoy the book because I couldn’t identify with any of the main characters.（我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中任何一个主角产生共鸣。） 二、词性转换 1. creative adj.有创造性的→creatively adv.有创造性地→creativity n.创造力 2. former adj.以前的；(两者中)前面的→formerly adv.以前;从前 3. preserve vt.保护;保存→preservation n.[U]保护;保存 4. promote vt.促进；晋升；促销→promotion n.晋升 5. application n.申请；应用→apply 申请v. 6. balance n.天平；平衡；余额；v.(使)保持平衡→balanced adj.均衡的 7. propose v.提出；打算做→proposal n.建议 8. likely adj.可能的；adv.可能地→unlikely adj.不太可能的 9. establish vt.建立;创立;设立；确立;立足;得到认可→established adj.已确立的;确定的→establishment n.[U]建立;设立;确立;创办；[C]【正式用语]机构;企业 10. limit n.界限；限度；极限；vt.限制；限定→limitation n.[U&|C|限制；局限→limitless adj.无限(制)的 11. prevent vt.阻止;预防;防止→prevention n.[U]防止;预防→preventive adj.预防（性）的，防备的 12. loss n.[C] & [U]遗失；失去；丧失；死亡；亏损；损失→lose v.失去→lost adj.失去的，迷路的 13. contribute v.贡献；捐助；捐献→contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐献物→contributor n.贡献者，捐款人 14. investigate vt. & vi.调查;侦查;调查研究→investigation n.调查→investigator n.调查人员 15. download v.n.下载 →反:upload v.上传 16. document n.文件；公文；(计算机)文档；vt.记录/记载(详情)→documentary n.纪录片；adj.纪实的；文件的；文献的 17. donate vt. & vi.捐赠→donation n.[C] & [U]捐赠；赠送；捐赠物；捐款→donor n.捐款人，捐赠人 18. disappear vi.消失；不见；失踪；不复存在；灭绝→disappearance n.[C]&[U]消失；灭绝→appear vi.出现→appearance n.出现；外观 19. attempt n.试图；vt.试图→attempted adj.[只用于名词前]企图的；未遂的 20. profession n.职业；行业→professional adj.职业的；专业的；n.[C]专业人士；职业选手 21. entrance n.入口→enter vt.进入 22. process n.过程；进程；工序；步骤；vt.加工→processor n.[C]加工者；处理器 23. forgive vt.原谅；宽恕(forgave-forgiven)→forgiveness n.[U]原谅；宽恕→forgiving adj.宽容的，宽大的 24. compare v.对比；比较→comparison n.对比→comparable adj.〔在大小、数量、质量等方面〕类似的，相当的；可相比的→incomparable adj.无法比拟的→comparative adj.相对的→comparatively adv.相对地 25. identify vt.确认；认出；识别；找出；发现；表明……的身份；认为某人/某物等同于某物；认同某人/某物；与某人/某物有同感→identification n.识别 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$