Unit 3 Section A (3a-Grammar Focus-4c)（课件）-2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A (3a-GF) throw [θrəʊ] v. 扔，投掷 all the time 频繁，反复 neither [ˈnɑiðə] [ˈni:ðə] pron.adv. 二者都不；也不 shirt [ʃə:t] n. 运动衫，衬衫 as soon as 一…就…，尽快 pass [pɑ:s] v. 前行，经过，批准 borrow ['bɒrəʊ] v. 借，借用 lend [lend] v. 借给，借出 finger [ˈfiŋgə(r)] n. 手指 hate [heɪt] v. 憎恶，讨厌 chore [tʃɔ:(r)] n. 杂务，乏味的工作 while [wail] conj. 当...时候，而，然而 New words When 1. Why was Nancy’s mom angry with her? 2. Did they solve the problem? How? 3a Read the story and answer the questions. Last month, our dog welcomed me when I came home from school, he wanted a walk, but I was too tired.I threw down my bag and went to the living room .the minute I sat down in front of the Tv. My mom came over."Could you please take the dog for a walk ?"she asked. “Could I watch one show first?”I asked.“No.”She replied angrily.“You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house.I can't work all day and do housework all evening.”“Well, I work all day at school ,too! I'm just as tired as you are!”I shouted back. 3a My mom didn't say anything and walked away.For one week she didn't do any housework and neither did I.Finally.I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt. The next day my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. "What happened?"She asked in surprise. "I'm so sorry, mom. I finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home. "I replied. 1.Tony,could you please help out with a few things? help out (with sth)是一个动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时“给予帮助” ！ 另外help与out之间还可以加具体的人。help sb. out帮助某人 Tony,could you help me out ?你能帮我一下吗？ You always watch TV,and never help out around the house. 你总是看电视，从不帮忙干家务。 2.Could I at least finish watching this show? at least 至少 能让我至少看完这个节目吗？ e.g. We should brush our teeth at least twice a day. 每天应该至少刷两次牙。 3.I think two hours of TV is enough for you! two hours of TV 虽然是复数，但我们把它看成一个整体，英语语法规定：当时间，距离 ，长度等表示一个完整的整体概念做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 e.g. Two months is quite a long time! 两个月是挺长一段时间！ 4. ...because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. any minute now口头表达，意为随时，马上，任何时候，minute可以替换成second moment time等 拓展： at this moment for a minute in a minute in tenminutes on the minute at the last minute be back 回来 5.And she won't be happy if she sees this mess. mess n 意为脏乱，凌乱，一般用单数。 e.g.Your hair is a mess .你的头发很乱 拓展： in a mess 一团糟 make a mess捣乱 clean up the mess收拾残局 What a mess ！真是一团糟 ( B )2.--______Why don't you clean your room? --Sorry,I'll do it right now . A.Take it easy B.What a mess C.Don't worry. 即学即练 Grammar Focus Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Sure, that should be OK. Could we get something to drink after the movie? No, you can’t, you have a basketball game tomorrow. Can you please take the dog for a walk? OK, but I want to watch one show first. Can you please take out the rubbish? Yes, sure. ( B )3. ____ you please give me a hand? The Box is too heavy. A. Should B. Could C. Must D. Need 即学即练 1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt? 3. ___ Could I borrow that book? 4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes? 5. ___ Could you lend me some money? 4a Write R for requests and P for permissions. P R P R R 1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt? 3. ___ Could I borrow that book? 4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes? 5. ___ Could you lend me some money? P R P R R a. Yes, here you are. b. Hmm. How much do you need? c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night. d. Yes, but don’t come back too late. e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. Then match each one with the correct response. hang out 闲逛 pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 here you are给你 How much多少钱 try not to do sth. 尽力不做某事 get it wet使它弄湿 重点短语： finish doing sth 做完某事 hate to do sth讨厌做某事 other chores ask sb. to do sth. 要求/让某人做某事 need情态动词+动原 need实义动词+to do while 当…的时候; =when 与…同时; (对比两件事物) 而，…然而 ★ borrow（borrowed）表示“借入”，即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词 from连用。 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 ★ lend（lent）表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to 连用。 lend sb. sth. =lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 他向他的朋友借了些钱。 He borrowed some money from his friend. 注意：不管是借入还是借出，都是就主语而言的 His friend lent some money to him. 他的朋友借了些钱给他。 1. Why was Nancy’s mom angry with her? 2. Did they solve the problem? How? Because she asked Nancy to take the dog for a walk, but Nancy refused to go. Yes, they did. Nancy said sorry to her mom and shared the housework. 3a Read the story and answer the questions. Last month, our dog welcomed me when I came home from school. He wanted a walk, but I was too tired. I threw down my bag and went to the living room. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.“Could you please take the dog for a walk?” she asked. Para . 1 My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. throw down 扔下 throw away/out 扔掉 throw at 向...扔去 throw to 扔给 过来，拜访 come over from 从...来 come out 出版 发行 come along 出现 come up with 想出 提出 the moment /as soon as “Could I watch one show first?” I asked. “No!” she replied angrily. “You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! I can’t work all day and do housework all evening.” “Well, I work all day at school, too! I’m just as tired as you are!” I shouted back. Para . 2 3 4 You’re tired, but I’m tired, too. reply n.回答，答复； 反应； v. 作答；做出反应回应，作出反应，回复 My mom did not say anything and walked away. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt. The next day, my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. Para . 5 6 Neither of us did any housework for a week. “What happened?” she asked in surprise. “I’m so sorry, Mom. I finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home,” I replied. Para . 7 8 n 动词之后作方式状语 to one's surprise with 3c Decide whether the underlined words in the sentences are verbs or nouns. Then write another sentence using the underlined word in the other form. 1. Could you take the dog for a walk? (noun) I walked home from school. (verb) 2. Could I watch one show first? (noun) My friend showed me around the new school. (verb) 3. I can’t work all day. (verb) Although it’s a little difficult, I have to finish the work today. (noun) 4. You watch TV all the time. (verb) I lost my watch the day before yesterday. (noun) 5. “What happened?” she asked in surprise. (noun) Your gift is so creative that it will definitely surprise Mike. (verb) Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Could we get something to drink after the movie? Can you please take the dog for a walk? Can you please take out the rubbish? Sure, that should be OK. No, you can’t, you have a basketball game tomorrow. OK, but I want to watch one show first. Yes, sure. Grammar Focus 征求 许可 提出 要求 Get new knowledge by reviewing the old. 温故知新 ① 在五岁时，他可以游泳 eg: He could swim at the age of five. 表过去“能力” ②他不可能超过50岁。eg:He couldn't be over fifty. 表"怀疑、不相信“ ③ 这可能是莉莉的书。 eg: This book could be Lily's. 表"可能性、推测“ ④如果他不想交谈，你可以写信。 eg: If he doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter. 表"建议“ Find the common ①Could you please help out with a few things? ②Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes? ⑤Could I go out for dinner with mt friends? ④Could we get something to drink after the movie? ③Could you please take the dog for a walk? 提出请求(request)：Could you please do…? 肯：Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./No problem./Sure. 否：No, I can’t./Certainly not./ No, I’m afraid I can’t. 征求许可(permission)：Could I do…? 肯：Yes, you can./Certainly./Yes, sure. 否：No, you can’t./No, I’m afraid you can’t. can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be able to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.；叙述过去事实时，最好用was / were able to，因为could只表示过去具有某种能力。 could can 的过去时 能力,能够 礼貌的请求： 可以…吗 提出建议： 可以做… 推测:可能 1)I could run fast when I was a child. 2)Could you help me? 3)You could talk to your teacher now. 4)He couldn’t be at the school then. 用法小结 Exercise P R P R R 1.____ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. ____Could you please pass me the salt? 3. ____Could I borrow that book? 4.____ Could you help me do the dishes ? 5. ____Could you lend me some money? 请求 许可 a. Yes, here you are b. Hmm. How much do you need? c.Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night. d.Yes, but don't come back too late. e. No, I can't. I cut my finger and I'm trying not to get it wet. LUANGAGE POINT 单词 区分 both 意为“两者都”用于两者之间，可以和and搭配“...和...都” neither neither 是both 的否定形式，表示“两者都不”。可以和nor搭配，“neither...nor...”表示“...和...都不” either 表示“两个人或物中中的任何一个”。可以和or搭配，either...or...表示“或者...或者...” all 意为“全部”，用于三者或者三者以上的人或者物 none none是all 的否定形式，意为者或者三者以上没有一个 拓展 一、neither 跟so 的用法一致，都是副词。所以，它引导的倒装句，如果前句没有句号，那么，之前应加and。例如： I never learned to swim and neither did they. 我从没学过游泳，他们也没有。 二、neither 只能引导部分倒装句，只需把“操作词”（即：助动词或情态动词）提前，而实意动词置后 三、neither或nor 表示“也不”，就是当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答， 其结构为：Neither / Nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语 四、neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。当neither...nor...连接两个主语时，也应遵循"就近原则"。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 so, neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so, neither引导的倒装句。 a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。 　　eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps. 　　So has Bob.=Bob has bought some, too. b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)＋主语，表示某人也不。 　　eg.Mother has never been to Japan. 　　Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either. c.So＋主语＋be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。 　　eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom. 　　B:So he is.=He is really in the class room. 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前（是整个谓语动词，而非助动词） 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词等）放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。 由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等 “名词 + 介词 / 介词短语（ with，together with，along with，as well as 等） + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由介词前的名词的单复数形式决定 就近原则 就远原则 ★ borrow表示“借入”，即把本来不属于自己的东西借来暂时使用，常与介词from连用。 如：You can borrow a book from the library.  ★ lend表示“借出”，即把属于自己的东西借给别人暂时使用，常与介词to连用。 如： He’s going to lend his bike to Tom. You mustn’t lend others my pen.  Thanks 77635.68 eng - $$