高考题型2 阅读七选五(知识必备)-2025年高考英语艺术生文化课考前100天

艺术生文化课考前100天英语 高考题型二阅读七选五 ◆◆解读高考命题—揭开神秘面纱◆心 文体 文章体裁大都是说明文。这种文体的文章结构严谨、脉络清晰、层次分明、逻辑性强，便于考生在阅读的 特点 基础上进行综合理解 题目 阅读材料一般是一篇长度为300词左右的短文，其中正文为240词左右，备选项为60词左右：七个选项 形式 都与短文相关，选项多为完整的句子，句型不一，长短不同，通常由短到长排列 设题 依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题：依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句 方式 (涉及文章整体内容)”“过渡句（反映文章结构）”和“细节注释句（反映上下文的逻辑关系）”三个类型 点拨题型技法 探析典型考法◆◆ 一、设空位置解读 续表 句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不 逻辑关系 具体解读 同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折 空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维 关系的标志性词语有but,however,yet, 转折 能力。 while/though/although,or/otherwise,on 关系 1.段首题 the contrary,instead,nevertheless 而)，still,in contrast comparison,by 逻辑关系 具体解读 comparison等 主旨句 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现 表示因果关系的标志性词语有5o, 因果 therefore,thus, consequently(结果)， 承上启 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容 关系 as a result (of),so/such...that...,so 下句 连贯起来 that,等 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关 2.段中题 系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句 逻辑关系 具体解读 子。表示递进关系的标志性词语有to0, 递进 also,besides.further,furthermore. 前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例 关系 moreover,likewise,similarly,what's 子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基 more,what's worse,in addition,as 本是归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点 例证 well,to make matters worse,not .. 到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志性 关系 but....not only ..but also... 词语有for example,.for instance,in 表示并列关系的标志性词语有and: fact/as a matter of fact.actually,in 并列 first(ly),second(ly);first,then next, other words/that is to say 关系 finally last;for one thing,for another thing等 -162 第三部分题型策略篇 3.段尾题 词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子：these或 逻辑关系 具体解读 those指代前句的复数名词。 三、理清逻辑关系 总结句 用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语 一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体。文章由 承上启 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容 段落组成，各段落层次分明、错落有致，围绕中 下句 连贯起来 心话题展开。各段，句之间形成一定的语义逻 二、根据复现词找对应 辑关系，有总分、解释、例证、并列、递进、转折、 阅读七选五题型考查的实质就是文中信息 对比、因果关系等。理清句与句之间的逻辑关 点和选项信息点的对应，文中信息点与选项信 系，是解答七选五的首要途径。 息点通常以词汇复现的方式来“暗中搭桥”，所 连接性的词语可表明段落间、句际间的语 以找到了复现词汇也就找到了解题关键点。 义逻辑关系。例如： 在解题时，通常要关注以下几种复现词找 对应： 承接 so,therefore,thus,consequently 关系 1.利用词汇复现找对应 词汇复现是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常 first,second;firstly,secondly;first,next. 并列 使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不 then:in the first place,in the second place: 关系 同的位置对同一概念进行重复描述。词汇复现 for one thing,for another thing 主要是指原词复现、同源词复现、同义词复现、 however,though,yet,in spite of,in any 转折 近义词复现、反义词复现等。通过寻找复现词 case,whoever,whatever.on the contrary, 关系 汇可迅速确定答案。 otherwise等 2.利用同范畴词找对应 对比 in contrast,in comparison,on the other 同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的 关系 hand等 词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的。 递进 also.furthermore.similarly.in addition. 考生可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词， 关系 what'smore等 从而达到快而准地确定答案的目的。一般来 【典例1】(2023·新课标全国I卷) 说，上下文中词汇联系得越接近，其衔接关系就 Personal Forgiveness 越紧密。 Taking responsibility for mistakes is a 3.利用代词找对应 positive step,but don't beat yourself up about 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高。在精读 them.To err(犯错)is human.36 You can 各段和各选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出 现的人称代词或指示代词，特别是选项中以及 use the following writing exercise to help you 空格前后句子中出现的代词。根据代词的单复 do this. 数及其在句子中所作的成分，可以找出代词指 In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the 代的名词或句子，从而帮助我们解题。t可指代 heading“Personal strengths'”.37 Are you 单数名词或整个句子：they或them指代复数名 caring?Creative?Generous?A good listener? 词：one指代单数可数名词：that指代不可数名 Fun to be around?They don't have to be -163 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 world-changing,just aspects of your personality G.Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a that you're proud of. fixed aspect of your personality. At the top of a second page,put the 【分析】 heading“Acts of kindness..”On this one,list 36.D解析：本文的主题是“自我原谅”，空前两 all the positive things you've done for others. 句和空后一句都没有提到forgiveness,再结 It might be the time when you helped a friend 合空后的“help you do this”和下文的内容可 with their homework,when you did the ironing 知，此处要提到this指代的内容，所以空处 without being asked,or when you baked 一定会提到forgiveness及它的重要性。故 cookies after the family hadhad a tiring day. 选D项。 38 37.B解析：根据空前的“Personal strengths' You could ask a friend or family member 和空后的例子可知，B项“现在列出所有你喜 to help add to your list.39 That way,you 欢的自己的特点”承上启下，符合逻辑。故 could exchange thoughts on what makes each 选B项。 of you special and the aspects of your 38.F解析：空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的 personality that shine through.In fact,don't 所有积极的事情，F项“不管是什么事，不管 wait until you've made a mistake to try this- 它看起来或许多么微不足道，把它写下来” it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any 总结上文，符合逻辑。故选F项。 time. 39.C解析：空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人 It's something of a clicheé（陈词滥调）that 帮你往列表上添加东西，C项“他们甚至可 most people learn not from their successes but 能愿意尝试这样做”承接上文。C项中的 their mistakes.The thing is,it's true.40 They指代前面的“a friend or family We're all changing and learning all the time and member'”。故选C项。 mistakes are a positive way to develop and 40.G解析：根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改 grow. A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. 变并一直在学习。G项中的“it isn't a fixed B.Now list all the characteristics you like about aspect of your personality”和空后的“We're yourself. all changing”形成对比。故选G项。 C.They might even like to have a go at doing 【典例2】(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) the exercise. As an artist who shares her journey on D.It's just as important to show yourself some social media,I'm often asked by curious forgiveness. followers how to begin an art journey. E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's Unfortunately,there is no magic list I can happened or forget it. offer.I do remember,though,what it was like F.Whatever it is,no matter how small it might to be a complete beginner.So I've put together seem,write it down. some good tips for starting an art journey. 164 第三部分题型策略篇 .Start small.I suggest using a F.Evaluate your performance and,if needed, sketchbook(素描本)for small studies..These redefine your role. small studies provide inspiration and may be a G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory springboard for more complex works in the that only comes with repetition. future.16 You'll want to look back on 【分析】 your journey to see how far you've come. 16.C解析：空后一句讲到了“You'll want to Paint often and paint from life.There's look back on your journey to see how far no better way to improve than to put in those you've come,.”,因此空处应该会做一个关于 brush miles.Whether you paint still lives, “看什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项中的“your portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as beginner art'”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到 much as possible.17 现在走了多远，故C项符合语境。 Continually challenge yourself to try 17.G解析：空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲 something new.18 Artistic growth can be 到了“Whether you paint still lives, a bit painful.Welcome to the club;we've all portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as been there.I love taking on challenges.I once much as possible.”,G项“你将培养出只有 took up a challenge to create a painting every 重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆”讲到这样做 day for a month and post the works online. 的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语境。 19 Seeking and accepting constructive 18.A解析：根据本段的主旨句“Continually feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth.I post my challenge yourself to try something new." work on social media and,in turn,have met 可知，本段主要围绕“不断挑战自我去尝试 some of the kindest people.They make me feel 新事物”展开，且空后讲到了“Artistic valued and respected,no matter my level of growth can be a bit painful..”。A项“走出 artistic ability. 你的舒适区”符合语境，且能引出下文，故选 The journey you're on won't follow a A项。 straight path.20 Push through,give it 19.D解析：结合本空的位置可知，本空为段落主 time and put in the effort.You will harvest the 旨句。根据本段中的“Seeking and accepting rewards of an artistic life. constructive feedback is crucial ..They A.Get out of your comfort zone. make me feel valued and respected”可知，本 B.Make career plans and set goals. 段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的 C.Don't throw away your beginner art. 反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项“分享你的 D.Share your work if you feel comfortable 作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服”适合作本 doing so. 段的主旨句。 E.You'll hit roadblocks,and you'll feel 20.E解析：空前一句讲到了“The journey discouraged at times. you're on won't follow a straight path.”,而 -165 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 空后讲到了“Push through,give it time and different skills.40 Over time,both of you put in the effort.”,这是面对困境时的做法， will benefit-your partner will be able to lift 因此空处应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困 more weights and you will become more 难，故E项“你会過到障碍，有时你会感到沮 physically fit,The core(核心)of your 丧”符合语境。 relationship is that you will always be there to 【典例3】(2022·新高考全国1卷) help each other. Fitness Magazine recently ran an article A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward. titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout B.A workout partner usually needs to live Partner.”One reason was:“You'll actually close by. show up if you know someone is waiting for C.You'll work harder if you train with you at the gym,”while another read:.“36” someone else. With a workout partner,you will increase your D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) favorite sport? competition. E.How can you write a good "seeking training So,how do you find a workout partner? partner'”notice? First of all,decide what you want from F.Just accept your differences and learn to that person.37 Or do you just want to be work with each other. physically fit,able to move with strength and G.Any notice for a training partner should flexibility?Think about the exercises you include such information. would like to do with your workout partner. 【分析】 You might think about posting what you 36.C解析：上文提到感谢健身伙伴的五个理 are looking for on social media,but it probably 由，其中一个是“如果你知道有人在健身房 won't result in a useful response.38 If 等你，你确实就会去。”由while another read you plan on working out in a gym,that person 可知，空处应该是另一个理由。由下文 must belong to the same gym. "With a workout partner,you will increase My partner posted her request on the your training effort as there is a subtle notice board of a local park.Her notice competition.”可知，C项“如果你和别人一起 included what kind of training she wanted to 训练，你会更努力”符合语境。 do,how many days a week and how many 37.D解析：根据下文“Or do you just want to hours she wanted to spend on each session,and be physically fit,able to move with her age.It also listed her favorite sports and strength and flexibility?”中的Or可知，空处 activities,and provided her phone number. 也应是在提出问题，所以答案锁定在D项和 39 E项之间；再结合上下文句意可知，空处应 You and your partner will probably have 与“明确你找健身伙伴的目的”有关，故D项 -166 第三部分题型策略篇 “你想在你最喜欢的体育运动方面成为一个 important to avoid annoying your companions. 更好的运动型的人吗？”特合语境。 When you put them down between bites, 38.B解析：根据下文“If you plan on working always put them down together so they are out in a gym,that person must belong to the parallel with the edge of the table in front of same gym.”可知，如果你打算在健身房锻 you.37. 炼，你和健身伙伴一定得在同一个健身房。 Hands or Utensils(餐具) 由此可推测出，空处应和距离健身伙伴的远 In India and the Middle East,it's 近有关，故B项“健身伙伴通常需要住在附 considered very rude to eat with your left 近”符合语境。 hand.People in France expect you to eat with a 39.G解析：根据上文“Her notice included utensil in each hand.38,instead what kind.,.”中的关键词notice和接下来 preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you 对布告内容的具体介绍可知，G项“任何关 may never touch any food with your fingers. 于（寻找）健身伙伴的布告都应包括这样的 People in Thailand generally use their forks 信息”总结了上文，且G项中的notice与上 only to push food onto their spoons. 文相呼应，符合语境。 Making Requests 4O.F解析：根据上文“You and your partner 39.In Portugal,this would be a will probably have different skills.”可知，你 serious mistake,because it shows the chef that 和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能；再根据空后 you don't like their seasoning skills.Similarly. “Over time,both of you will benefit..”可 in Italy,never ask for extra cheese to add to 知，随着时间的推移，你和你的伙伴都会受 your food. 益。由此可以推断出，F项“请接受你们的不 Some of these cultural dining etiquette 同，并学会彼此合作”承上启下，且选项中的 rules may seem random and strange,but they differences呼应上文中的different,符合 are important in various countries.40,the 语境。 more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its 【典例4】(2022·全国甲卷) foreign cultural practices. Important Things to Know When Dining Out A.The more friends you make in your lifetime Cultural dining etiquette(礼节)might B.The more time you spend in any surprise you with some of its important rules. given country 36.Knowing some tips will help ensure C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or with utensils family -no matter where you are in the D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing world. mistake at a restaurant Chopstick Rules E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a The way you handle chopsticks is mess around your plate -167 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 F.Never stick them upright in your food or 或餐具来就餐的某条重要规则；再根据下文 cross them as you use them 中的instead可知，空处内容应与后半句内 G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for 容形成对比。根据后半句“（他们）反而更喜 salt and pepper at a meal 欢用他们的手”并分析选项可知，C项“墨西 【分析】 哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合此处 36.D解析：分析上下文语境可知，空处起承上 的语境。故选C项。 启下的作用。空前提到“（不同）文化背景下 39.G解析：根据空后内容“In Portugal,this 的就餐礼节中的一些重要规则可能会让你 would be a serious mistake,because it 感到惊讶”，空后提到“了解一些技巧将有助 shows the chef that you don't like their 于确保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐—一无 seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making 论你在世界的哪个地方”。分析选项可知，D Requests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的 项“不要被（人）发现在餐馆（用餐时）犯尴尬 请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在 的错误”符合此处的语境，并能起到承上启 向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可 下的作用。故选D项。 知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个 37.F解析：根据本段小标题和上文内容可知， 简单的请求”符合此处的语境。故选G项。 空处也应是关于使用筷子的规则。F项“当 40.B解析：根据下文中的“the more 你使用它们时，切勿将它们直立于你的食物 comfortable you'll begin to feel with its 中或把它们交叉（放置）”符合此处的语境， foreign cultural practices'”可知，空处也应 且选项中的them指代的是筷子 是“the十比较级”结构的句子，且根据下文 (chopsticks),与小标题和前文内容相呼应。 句意“你就会开始对它的异国文化习俗越得 故选F项。 心应手”可知，B项“你在任何一个特定的国 38.C解析：根据本段小标题和上下文内容可 家待的时间越长”符合此处的语境。故选 知，空处应是以某个国家为例，介绍使用手 B项。 -168