话题19 自然灾害(知识必备)-2025年高考英语艺术生文化课考前100天

第一部分词汇复习篇 话题十九 ,自然灾害 ◆识记主题词汇—一多多益善◆ 【常见单词】 18.hilly adj.山丘的：丘陵的；多山的 1.burst t.&vi.爆裂；爆炸 19.historical adj.历史上的：有关历史的 vi.突然发生 20.injure l.使受伤；伤害 n.爆裂：爆炸：突发 injured adj.受伤的 2.bury t.埋葬：掩藏：埋头于 injury n.伤害；受伤：伤处：受伤的人 3.canal n.[C]运河；沟渠；水道 21.national adj.国家的：全国性的：民族的： 4.crack i.&.t.(使)发出爆裂声；（使）》 国有的，国营的 破裂：断裂 22.outline 1.概要：提纲：轮廓 n.[C]裂缝；裂痕：爆裂声 t.概述：列…的纲要；画 5.damage .[U门损害；损坏；损失 出…的轮廓 t.损害：损坏 23.postpone vt.使延迟；使延期 6.damp adj.有湿气的：潮湿的 24.report ui&.t,报告；汇报 .[U门潮湿；湿气 t.举报：告发 7.dirty adj.肮脏的；卑鄙的 n.[C报告：汇报；成绩报告单 8.disaster 1.灾难：不幸：彻底失败的人/事 reporter n.[C记者：报告人 9.earthquake n.[C]地震(quake) 25.rescue .营救 10.express t.表达；表示；特快发送 .救援；营救 adj.[只用于名词前]特快的；快 26.ruin t.糟踢；毁坏：使破产 递的 n.[C](常用复数)废墟；遗迹：残 u.[C]特快列车(express train): 余[U门毁灭；破产 [U]快送：快递服务 27.shelter n.[C遮盖物：躲避处；避难所：居 11.extreme ad.[只用于名词前]极度的：极 端的；严重的；末端的；尽头的 住；住处；保护；掩蔽；庇护 n.[C]极端；极度 儿.掩护；保护；为…提供避 extremely adv.极其；非常 难所 12.forbid t,禁止：妨碍：阻止 i.躲避：避难 forbidden adj.(因官方规定而)被禁止的 28.shift vi.&t.转移：移动：（使）改变 l3.headline n.[C](报纸的)标题 n.[C]转移：转换；班：轮班；（计 14.heal l.&i.治愈：愈合：康复 算机)转换键(shift key) 15.healthy adj.健康的 29.shock .(爆炸、地震等引起的)强烈震 16.highlight v.突出：强调：使醒目 动：冲击：[C]电击：触电(electric n.[C最精彩的部分 shock):[常用单数]（精神上的）震 17.high-rise adj.多层的；高层的 惊：打击：令人震惊的事：[U]休克 1.[C]高楼 t.使震惊；使气愤 -99 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 30.steam n.[U门水蒸气；蒸汽 5.dig out 掘出：发现 i.散发蒸汽 6.be meant to 旨在：目的是 t.蒸（食物） 7.be proud of 以…而自豪 steamer n.[C]汽船：蒸锅 8.judging from 从…判断 31.survive i,&l.幸存于：艰难度过 9.be trapped in 陷入：被困在 i.保存下来 10.be buried in 埋头于 l.比…活得长 11.make way for 给…让路：让位 survival .幸存；继续存在；幸存物；残存物 于… survivor n.[C幸存者 12.hang on (=hold on) 不挂断：（在逆境中） 【常用词块】 坚持：紧紧握住，保 留(to sth.) 1.right away 立刻：马上 13.call on sb.to do sth. 号召某人做某事 2.think little/nothing of 以为…没什么 14.be fed up with 受够了：饱受；厌烦 3.have a go (at) 试一试 关在门外：不准入内 4.in ruins 严重受损：破敗不堪 15.keep out ◆◆突破重点词汇 有的放矢 1.burst vi..(burst,burst)爆裂：爆发.突然破 angry. 裂：爆发 。完成句子 (I)burst in into闯入；突然破门而入 ③He felt he would burst out crying,laughing突然哭起来/ when he heard the bad news. 2 burst into tears laughter」笑起来 当他听到这个坏消息时，他感到要气炸了。 burst with anger joy勃然大怒/乐不可支 2.bury vt.掩埋：埋葬；隐藏 【点睛】burst in后不能接宾语，burst into后 be buried in (1) 埋头于；专心于 接宾语。 bury oneself in, 【写作佳句背诵】 (2)bury one's face in one's hands When she knew it was Julia, her 双手掩面 granddaughter's teacher that took her to the 【写作佳句背诵】 hospital in time,she burst into tears..当她知 We have no choice but to try our best to 道是茱莉亚，她孙女的老师，把她及时送到医 rescue as many as possible,bury the dead, 院时，她泪流满面。（表情描写） rebuild from the ruins and move on. 【对点练】 我们别无选择，只能尽最大努力去拯救尽可 O对比填空(in/into) 能多的人，埋葬死者，从废墟中重建，然后继 ①He burst 续前进。 without knocking at the door,which made me very angry. 【对点练】 ②He burst 。单句语法填空 the room without ① knocking at the door,which made me very (bury)in his study,he wasn't aware that all the others had left. 100 第一部分词汇复习篇 ② (bury)his face in his hands,he 下午两点左右传来通知，会议将延期。 tried to control his weeping. 【对点练】 ③In the earth (bury)a jar with 。单句语法填空 lots of ancient coins in it. DThe military training for the freshmen in 。句式升级 the new term was postponed the He sat at a wooden table and was buried in next Sunday because of the bad weather. reading. 2 The headmaster postponed →④He sat at a wooden table, (hold)the meeting until all teachers arrived .(过去分词短语作状语) at the meeting room. 5He sat at a wooden table, 5.ruinn.[U门毁灭；毁坏：[常用复数]废墟：遗迹 ·(现在分词短语作状语) .(使)毁灭：成为废墟 3.forbid v.(forbade,forbidden)禁止；不准 (1)lie be in ruins成为废墟 forbid doing sth.=prohibit doing sth. be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 禁止做某事 (2)ruin oneself毁掉自己：自取灭亡 forbid sb.to do sth.=forbid sb.from ruin one's health/fame future doing sth..禁止某人做某事 毁掉某人的健康/声誉，前途 【写作佳句背诵】 【写作佳句背诵】 We should take measures to forbid returning Three days later,the fire was put out and illegal cooking oil to dinner tables. 我们应该采取措施禁止将地沟油退回餐桌。 some 500 blocks were in ruins. 【对点练】 三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区变成 。单句语法填空 废墟。 DIt is high time that we forbade 【对点练】 (set)off fireworks in urban areas! 。单句语法填空 ②You are forbidden (leave)the DWith time going on,the castle which once room unless you apologize for what you have was very beautiful is now completely done. ruins. His own pride forbids him (ask) 2 Shortly after suffering from a massive Arthur's help. earthquake and (reduce)to ruins, 4.postpone vt.推迟；延期 the city took on a new look. postpone doing sth..延缓/推迟做某事 。一句多译 postpone sth.until/to 他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。 把某事推迟到… ③He made a mistake, 【写作佳句背诵】 (定语从句) The notice came around two in the afternoon ④He made a mistake, that the meeting would be postponed. ,(分词作状语) 10] 艺术生文化课考前100天英语 6.survive ut.比…活得长；幸免于；（经 【对点练】 过…)活（保存）下来.幸免：幸存；生还 O写出下列句中hang on的含义 (1)survive sth. DIt's hard work,but if you hang on,you 幸免于；从…中挺过来/活过来 are sure to succeed in the end. survive on依靠…生存下来 2There are some people who hang on to survive from从…中存活下来；流传下来 their jobs long after they should have A survive B(by..)A比B活得长(…) retired. (2)survivor n.幸存者 James will be back at once;hang on. survival n.[U门幸存：[C]残存物 【写作佳句背诵】 。选用上述短语填空 We are now camped on the ice and we have While I was talking with a friend on the been managing to survive.but spring is phone,he suddenly on me. coming,and the ice will soon begin to melt. 5The principal warned the students not to 我们现在在冰上扎营，并且一直在设法生存， the corner e-bar after school. 但是春天来了，冰很快就会开始融化。（环境 6It was so windy that I had to my 描写) hat all the way along the street. 【对点练】 8.make way for给…让路：让位于 。单句语法填空 make one's way to向…走去 DHow does the family survive give way to让路；让步；被…代替 such a small monthly wage? in the way挡路：挡道；妨碍 2As far as I know,the old lady survived in a way在某种意义上 her husband 5 years. in no way绝不（位于句首，句子要部分倒装） 3If he couldn't find his way out of the under way在进行；在举行 forest,there would be little chance of on the way在路上：将要发生 (survive). 【写作佳句背诵】 【点睛】survive表示“幸免于难”时是及物动 Please keep to the right and make way for 词，其后不需要加介词in或from faster runners. 7.hang on(-hold on)不挂断：（在逆境中）坚 请靠右，给跑得快的人让路。 持：紧紧握住，保留(to sth.) 【对点练】 hang on to抓紧；保留；不卖掉：不放弃 。选用上述短语填空 hang up(onsb.)挂断（某人的）电话 Many houses are being knocked down to hang out晾出；闲逛 a new park. hang about/,around徘徊，闲荡 2No doubt he was just trying to help,but 【写作佳句背诵】 in fact he just got Hang on and you'll succeed sooner or later. ③ can teaching in school be 坚持住，你迟早会成功的。 separated from practice. 102 第一部分词汇复习篇 ④An investigation is to find out (2)倍数+as+adj./adu.+as how the disaster happened. (3)倍数+形容词副词比较级十than 9.动名词的复合结构 (4)倍数十the size/length height/depth/ 动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况： width+of (1)名词所有格/名词的普通格+doing(如 (5)倍数十what从句 Mary's,Mary marrying) 【点睛】表示“两倍"时用twice或double,三 (2)形容词性物主代词人称代词的宾格十 倍或三倍以上用“基数词十times'”表达。此 doing his him coming) 句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、haf等其 【点睛】如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻 他程度状语。 辑主语只能用形容词性物主代词或名词所 【写作佳句背诵】 有格。 Stanley weighed three times as much as the 【写作佳句背诵】 other boy. This crocodile is used to passengers throwing 斯坦利的体重是另一个男孩的三倍。（外貌 food from boats and now she is becoming 描写) familiar with humans. 【对点练】 这条鳄鱼已经习惯了船上游人们的投食，并 。单句语法填空 且正在不断熟悉人类。 DThe new stadium being built for the next 【对点练】 Asian Games will be three times as big the present one. 。完成句子 2 His latest novel is twice the length ①lcan't imagine such a young his previous one. man. 3Chery,a car maker in Anhui Province, 我无法想象玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。 sold nearly 700,000 units in 2018,with the 2What worried the child most was total value more than three times to visit his mother in hospital. it was in 2012. 最让那个孩子担心的是他不被允许去看望生 。一句多译 病住院的妈妈。 我们学校的新体育馆占地面积约600平方 ③I believe will benefit us a lot. 米，是原来的三倍大。 我相信你加入我们的团队会给我们带来很多 4Our new school stadium covers an area of 好处。 about 600 square meters,which is ④Haiguo Tuzhi's and ideas to China opened our eyes to the world. 5Our new school stadium covers an area of 《海国图志》把现代技术和思想引进中国，使 about 600 square meters,which is 我们看到了世界。 10.倍数十比较级十than 6Our new school stadium covers an area of 常见表示“倍数”的句型： about 600 square meters,which is (1)倍数十as十many much十n.十as 103It never occurred to me that 话题十八人与动植物 5.①to②for③pay more attention to our habits 【突破重点词汇一有的放矢】 6.①calls up②call off③calls for①called at [对点练] 7.①完成②设法联系上（尤指打通电话）③通过④用完 L,①to②to③it④owing to the ever increasing number of Oget;across Ogot away with cars these years 8.Dso nice and friendly that such heavy homework that 2.①in②into③was panicked such wonderful goods every day that DSo fast is 3.①prohibition②becoming③on/against 话题十六 科技发展 to prohibit people's smoking:to prohibit people from smoking 【突破重点词汇—有的放矢】 4.①various②vary③varieties①are [对点练] 5.①with②in③on l.①to②limited:serving③beyond④should be limited to 6.①against②being killed③from 2.①requirement②to gather③looking/to be looked 7.①of②in③to ④(should)be related 8.Follow your doctor's advice.and 3.①sending②(should)adapt③suggestion and the child will fall into ④she(should)have or you may leave a poor impression on others 4.①to②attached③is attached 话题十九自然灾害 5.①is combined②to harm③in④combining 【突破重点词汇—有的放矢】 6.①人物②身材：体形③雕像④图表：插图 ⊙数字 [对点练] ⑥figure out⑦kept her figure I.①im②into③burst with anger 7.①response ②to③in④o 2.①Buried②Burying③was buried④buried in reading made no response to my suggestion Odidn't respond to my suggestion burying himself in reading 3.①Dsetting②to leave③to ask 8.①ahout②up③with④into Gacross 4.①until to②holding 9.①aside②off③forward 5.①in②being reduced③which ruined his chance of going l0.①As a result②As a result of③has resulted in abroad Druining his chance of going abroad ④results from 11.①across④to③oer 6.①on②by③survival l2.①does catch a cold②did lose your temper 7,①（在逆境中）坚持②紧紧抓住：保留③别挂断 13.①has as big a garden as②as many mistakes as ④hung up⑤hang around about hang on to ③as much reciting work as①not as important as 8.①make way for②in the way③In no way 话题十七人与环境 ④under way 9.DMary's/Mary marrying his./him not being allowed 【突破重点词汇 一有的放矢】 your joining our team introducing modern technologies [对点练] 10.①as②of③what l.①anxious②to know③about④with anxiety Dthree times as big as the previous one ⑤anxiously Stwice bigger than the previous one 2.①to lend②to look/looking③bothering 3.①harmful②in③do the least harm to the environment three times the size of the previous one 4.①himself②were occupied③occupation 话题二十宇宙奥秘 40ccupied in looking after 5Occupying herself in looking after 【突破重点词汇一有的放矢】 5.①D积累：积聚②逐新增强③建立④broke up [对点练] pick up takes up making up l.①at②at③distant④ln⑤in the distance 6.①to②to practice③being caught④leading the way 2.①be measured②to③neasuring④measuring 7,①down②up③set about①set out to take measures to help 8.①fso②1 f possible③if ever④fnot 3.①with②participants③participation④in 9.①siay:to stay②eame③hnd finished 4,①into②in③for Would you rather stay at home take great trouble to achieve/achieving some goals