Unit1 知识梳理（上） 2024-2025学年译林版英语七年级下册

英语学科教师辅导讲义 学生姓名： 年 级：初一 课时数：3 辅导科目：英语 辅导教师： 辅导内容：7BU1 辅导日期：2025. 教学目标：重点单词：balcony;hundred;living room;collect;mile;firework 重点短语：on the balcony;be far from; in the south of 重点句子：would you like to .../There be句型/ 重点语法：数词 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：talk about what our dream home is like. （P6） 用法解析：本句是一个宾语从句，需要用陈述语序； 用法拓展：what is ……like? 是对外表的提问，这时候like 是介词像的意思。 知识点2：I live in a town house in the west of London.（P6） 用法解析：the +方位名词+ of 用法拓展： ①表示范围内 用in ②表示范围外，有接壤用on ③表示范围外，不接壤用to 知识点3.Different types of houses（P7） cottage 村舍，小别墅 flat 公寓 farmhouse 农场住宅，农舍 modern house 现代化住宅 mobile house 活动住房 town house 联排式住宅 知识点4：There are hundreds of books in the study.（P7） 用法解析：hundreds of 成百上千的； hundred 前面有数字，不能加s; hundreds后面必须出现of,前面就不能接数字 常见用法还有：thousands of; millions of; billions of 等 例句： There are 7 hundred students in our school. Two hundred of them are girls. 知识点5：It’s a room of my own.（P7） 用法解析：own adj./v. /pron. 自己的/拥有 常见搭配：of one’s own某人自己的； on one’s own 独自一人地=by oneself=alone. 知识点6：I can put up my favourite pictures on the wall.（P8） 用法解析：put up 举起，张贴，搭建 常见短语辨析：put in 安装；put on 穿上，增加体重，表演； put off 推迟 put out 扑灭 put through 接通电话； put forward 提出 知识点7：I live in a town 15 miles from London.（P8） 用法解析：mile n. 英里 例：5 miles from the city 离城市5英里 walk a few miles every day 每天步行几英里 My home is only half a mile away from my school, so I walk there every day. 我家离学校只有半英里，所以我每天步行上学。 注意：a mile=1.069 kilometers I live in a town 15 miles from London. 我住在离伦敦15英里的一个镇上。 用法拓展：be far (away) from 离……远，但出现具体距离时，不用far My home is far from the school. My home is 5 kilometers away from the school. 知识点8：It’s not big, but we have a nice balcony.（P8） 用法解析：balcony (n.)阳台 （pl.）balconies 在阳台上on the balcony 例：You can see the sea from our balcony.你可以从你的阳台看见大海。 I like balcony best.我最喜欢阳台。 知识点9：I often help my parents in the kitchen and shares stories about school with them.（P8） 用法解析：share, vt，意为“分享”。 常用结构:share sth. with sb.意为“和某人合用某物;和某人分享某物”。 例：I'm afraid you have to share a table with others.我恐怕你得和别人合用一张桌子。 I often share my snacks with my classmates.我经常和同学分享零食。 I share a bedroom with my sister. 我和妹妹共享一间卧室。 知识点10：We love to relax in our living room and chat over a cup of tea.（P8） 用法解析：chat over a cup of tea 边喝茶 边聊天； chat with sb 和某人聊天 知识点11：We always have fun with our dog there.（P8） 用法拓展：fun，不可数名词，意为“乐趣，有趣的事”。 funny，adj，用来形容事情滑稽、古怪。 常用结构: have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself意为“玩得高兴，过得愉快”； have fun doing sth.意为“愉快地做某事”; It is fun to do sth.意为“做某事是愉快的”; What fun it is to do sth.意为“做某事多有趣”。 例：We had great fun in Beihai Park. They usually have fun playing football after school. It is great fun to play computer games with my friends. What fun it is to go fishing with my father on Sundays! 知识点12: Next to our farm is a yard.（P8） 用法解析：本句话原句应该是 A yard is next to our yard.在英语中，当想要强调下文内容，或者尾部过长，为避免头重脚轻，可以把介词短语提前，主语和谓语顺序调换，完成倒装结构（完全倒装）。 知识点13：During the busy season, we children often help in the field.（P8） 用法解析：during the busy season 在农忙季 during 在……期间 children 是We的同位语，对我们的身份的补充说明 field农田，农场，耕地； 领域 知识点14：It has an area of 160 square meters.（P11） 用法解析：has/cover an area of……占地面积……= has +面积 in area. 补充与短语背诵： 1. 住在某地 live in +地方 2. 住在某个楼层 live on the +序数词+楼层 3. 成百上千的 hundreds of 4. 我自己的房间 a room of my own= my own room 5. 举起，张贴，搭建 put up 6. 在22楼 on the twenty-second floor 7. 在阳台上 on the balcony 8. 和某人分享某物 share sth with sb 9. 帮助某人做某事 help sb do/to do sth 在某方面帮助某人 help sb with…… 10. 离伦敦15英里远 15 miles from London 11. 边喝茶边聊天 chat over a cup of tea 12. 浇花 water the flowers 13. 玩得高兴 have fun/have a good time/enjoy oneself +doing sth 14. 养母鸡 keep some hens 15. 收集鸡蛋 collect the eggs 16. 在农忙季节 during the busy season 17. 燃放烟花 let off fireworks 18. 忙于做某事 be busy doing sth 19. 太忙没时间做 too busy to do sth 20. 占地面积 have/cover an area of +面积= have+面积 in area 【同步语法梳理】 语法解析：数词 （一）基数词构成及读法 1、1-12为独立的单词，有其各自的形式 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 2、13-19都以teen结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 3、20-90之间的“整十”都以ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 4、20-99之间的“几十几”，先说“几十”，再说“几”，且中间加连词符。 如：22 twenty-two, 49 forty-nine, 94 ninety-four 5、101-999之间的非整百的基数词读法为： 百位数和十位数（或个位数）之间用and连接。 如：608 six hundred and eight, 732 seven hundred and thirty-two 6、四位数及以上的基数词读法为：先将数字从右向左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读thousand（千），第二个逗号读million（百万），第三个逗号读billion（十亿），读数时从左向右依次读出来。 如：7,003 seven thousand and three 80,690 eighty thousand, six hundred and ninety 9,911,120 nine million, nine hundred and eleven thousand, one hundred and twenty 2,100,010,001 two billion, one hundred million, ten thousand and one （二）基数词的部分用法 1、表顺序。由单数名词 + 基数词，此时名词和基数词第一个字母大写。 如：Class One, Room Five, Lesson Ten, Page 108, No. 9 Middle School 2、确数与概数的表达 确数：基数词+计数单位的单数（hundred, thousand, million, billion）+ 名词复数 There are six hundred workers in this factory. 注意：① hundred, thousand, million, billion用单数 ② several hundred students 几百个学生 概数：计数单位的复数（hundreds, thousands, millions, billions）+ of +名词的复数 Thousands of visitors have come to Hangzhou in the last two weeks. 注意：two hundred of the students 学生中的两百个 3、“整十”的基数词的复数形式可用于表示“几十年代”或“在某人多少岁时”。 In the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代 My father is in his fifties. 我的爸爸五十多岁。 4、“another+基数词+名词复数”或“基数词+more+名词（复数）”表示在已有的基础上再增加一定的数量，意思是“再、又、还”。 He ate another two cakes. = He ate two more cakes. 他又吃了两块蛋糕。 We need one more hour to finish the work. = We need another hour to finish the work 我们还需一小时来完成这项工作。 （三）序数词的构成 1、第一到第三需逐个记忆 first, second, third 2、第四到第十九，特殊的是：fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。其余都由相应的基数词加th构成。 3、20-90之间“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉y加 ieth构成。 twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth 4、21-99之间的“第几十几”的序数词，前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位用序数词，中间用连词符连接。如：twenty-first, twenty-ninth, seventy-eighth。 5、100 hundredth 6、对比以下序数的写法：fourth, fourteenth, fortieth ninth, nineteenth, ninetieth 11th, 12th, 13th 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 序数词构词巧记口诀: 基变序，有规律，结尾要加th； 123.特殊记，结尾分别t,d,d； 八减t来九减e，f要把ve替； 结尾是y变ie，词尾再加th； 若是逢到几十几，只让个位变成序。 （四）序数词的用法： 1、序数词表顺序时，前要加定冠词the，有物主代词或名词所有格不需要加the。 The second picture is very beautiful. 第二幅图很漂亮。 2、表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常不加冠词。 He came fourth in the drawing competition. 3、序数词前也可以用不定冠词 a/an, 表示“再一，又一”。 I’ve tried twice, but I’ll try a third time. 我已经试过两次了，但我将再试一次。 4、表日期中的“日”。 2009 年7月6日 July 6th, 2009 5、分数的表达：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s 2/3的学生 two thirds of the students. 1/3的学生 one third of the students. 数词练习： 单选 1．Now children, turn to Page _____ and look at the _____ picture in Unit 1.（2022-2023 宝应开发区） A．Twentieth, one B．Twenty, one C．Twentieth, first D．Twenty, first 2．—How long is the new bridge? Do you know?—Yes, it’s about ______.（2022-2023 宝应开发区） A．one thousand one hundred and eighty meters B．one thousand and one hundred fifty meters C．two thousands one hundred forty meters D．two thousands seventy and three meters 3．There are ________ students in the sports meeting. ________ the students come from No.1 Middle School. A．hundreds of; Two hundred of B．hundred of; Two hundreds of C．one hundred; Hundred D．one hundred; Hundreds of 4．—Which floor do you live ________? —The ________ floor. A．on, nine B．on, ninth C．in, nineth D．in, nine 5．220, 309 should be read ________. A．two hundred and twenty thousand three hundred and nine B．two hundred and twenty thousand and three hundred and nine C．two hundred and twenty thousands and three hundred and nine D．two hundred and twenty thousands, three hundred and nine 6．How do you say 15858 in English? A. Fifteen thousands, eight hundred and fifty-eight B. Fifteen thousand, eight hundreds and fifty-eight C. Fifteen thousand, eight hundred and fifty-eight D.Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight 7．In our city, the number of the teachers______ about 2,000, but only about______ of them are men teachers. A．is; seven hundreds B．are; seven hundred C．is; seven hundred D．are; seven hundreds 词汇 1．—Which floor is your flat on? —It’s on the floor. (九十九) 2．China will support couples who wish to have a child. (三) 3. He does not seem to be an old man in his ________, considering his appearance. (九十) 4.Everyone is busy preparing for our grandpa's (九十九) birthday. 5. He has donated ____________(九分之五) of his money to people in need. 【精题精练精讲】 1、 单选 1．— ________ is the school from your home?（2022-2023 宝应开发区） — It’s about ten minutes by bus. A．How long B．How many C．How often D．How far 2．She works in a hospital 10 kilometres ________ her home.（2022-2023 宝应开发区） A．far away from B．far away C．away from D．away 3. The boy _______ the toy this.（2022-2023 高邮城北中学） A. like; like B. like; likes C. likes; like D. is like; are like 4．— I forget to bring my English book.（2022-2023 仪征中学） — Never mind. I can ________ mine ________ you. A．help, with B．share, with C．play, with D．take, with 5．—_________ ?      — Well, it is a large and bright house with 15 rooms.（2022-2023 仪征中学） A．What does your dream home like B．How is your dream home look like C．How much is your dream home D．What is your dream home like 6．Wang Lin did ____ in the final exam this term again. —That’s not strange. He always gets full marks in all of his subjects.（2022-2023 实验班） A．worst B．worse C．best D．better 7．Teenagers like to ______ photos of famous stars on their bedroom walls．（2022-2023 实验班） A．put on B．put up C．put in D．put out 8．Can you hear him ________ in the next room? How beautiful! A．is singing B．sings C．singing D．sing 9．Where is the playground? It’s ____ the west of the school, ______ the south of our classroom. A．to; to B．on;in C．to;in D．in;to 10．Would you like to go to the English Corner with me this afternoon? ________, but I have to look after my sick sister. A．I’d love to B．No problem C．No, thanks D．Yes, please 词汇运用 1. Our family live in the ___________(南部) part of Beijing and it is a very beautiful place. 2. The price of the flat with two__________(balcony) is very high. 3. This nature park is home to more than eight ________(百) kinds of animals. 4. I find it is _________(令人放松的) to read books after a long day at school. 5. Children usually have a good time letting off _________(烟火) at the Spring Festival. 6. John is looking forward to _________ in America. (study) 7. He has a big room ________(有) twelve showers and four baths. 8. I find the teachers and classmates are busy________(plan) where to go. 9. Amy, come and watch TV with me in the _________(live) room. 10. Why are you interested in_________(收集) stamps? 翻译句子 1．这个邮局的面积超过两百平方米。（2022-2023 宝应开发区） _______________________________________________________________ 2．Amy很高兴有了她自己的电脑。（2022-2023 仪征中学） _______________________________________________________________ 3.他的新公寓面积为140多平方米。 _______________________________________________________________ 4.在大部分家庭，客厅是聊天和看电视的最好的地方。 _______________________________________________________________ 5.对我们来说，听轻音乐真令人放松。 _______________________________________________________________ 6.许多人喜欢边聊天边享用茶。 _______________________________________________________________ 7.收集鸡蛋是我一天最喜欢的部分。 _______________________________________________________________ 【能力拓展训练】 完形填空  (2022-2023 7B 梅岭第一次月考) Once upon a time, there was a gardener. He had a big 1 and he planted many fruit trees in it. He worked hard in the garden from spring to autumn. Now it’s time to pick fruits. He planned to sell them to make 2 for his family. One fine day, while picking the fruits with his son, the gardener saw a 3 sitting on the branch of a tree and picking fruits. The gardener became 4 and shouted, “Hey! What are you doing 5 my tree?” The stranger sitting on the branch looked at the gardener, but didn’t 6 , and kept on picking fruits. The gardener was even angrier and shouted again, “For nearly a whole 7 I have been taking care of these trees. You have no right to take the fruits. So 8 at once!” The stranger on the tree answered, “Why? This is the garden of God. God is my 9 and I work for God, so I have the right to pick these fruits.” The gardener was very surprised at this 10 , then thought of an idea and managed to get the stranger to come down. As soon as the stranger climbed down, the gardener tied him to the tree and began beating 11 with a stick(棍子). The stranger began to scream, “Why are you beating me? You have no right to do this!” The gardener didn’t answer, just beating him. The stranger screamed, “Aren’t you 12 of God? You are beating a good man!” The gardener answered, “Why should I be afraid? This 13 in my hand belongs to God and I am the servant of God.” “Wait. Don’t beat me, I am sorry for 14 the fruits. Please forgive(原谅) me and set me free.” The gardener smiled and said, “Don’t 15 God’s name to do something bad. Then the gardener untied him and let him go free.” 1．A．garden B．farm C．market D．house 2．A．presents B．fun C．life D．money 3．A．neighbour B．friend C．stranger D．traveller 4．A．angry B．surprised C．excited D．happy 5．A．under B．with C．on D．beside 6．A．understand B．speak C．hide D．smile 7．A．life B．season C．year D．month 8．A．jump up B．stand up C．come down D．sit down 9．A．teacher B．master C．manager D．worker 10．A．moment B．answer C．fact D．idea 11．A．it B．me C．her D．him 12．A．afraid B．sure C．proud D．fond 13．A．tree B．wood C．idea D．plan 14．A．taking B．throwing C．dropping D．selling 15．A．remember B．tell C．forget D．use 阅读理解 A Barrymore could not find the words to thank Sir Henry enough. Then he said, “You have been so kind to us that I want to do something for you in return. I have never told anyone else. I know something more about poor Sir Charles’ death.” Sir Henry and I jumped up at once. “Do you know how he died?” Sir Henry asked. “No, sir, I don’t know that, but I know why he was waiting at the gate. He was going to meet a woman.” “Sir Charles was meeting a woman? Who was the woman?” “I don’t know her name”, Barrymore said, “but it begins with L.L.” “How do you know this, Barrymore?” I asked. “Well, Sir Charles got a letter on the morning of the day he died. It was from Newtown, and the address was in a woman’s writing. I forgot all about it, but some time after Sir Charles died my wife was cleaning the fireplace in his study. She found a letter. Most of it was burned, but the bottom of one page was not burned. On it was written: ‘Please, please, burn this letter, and be at the gate by ten o’clock. L.L.’ The paper fell into pieces as my wife went to move it. We don’t know who L.L. is, but if you could find out, you might learn more about Sir Charles’ death. We haven’t told anyone else. We felt it would not be good for poor, kind Sir Charles. But we thought we ought to tell you, Sir Henry.” The Barrymores left us and Sir Henry turned to me. “If we can find L.L., the mystery may be at an end,” he said. “What do you think we should do, Watson?” “I must write to Holmes at once,” I said, and I went straight to my room and wrote a letter to Holmes, which gave him all the details of Barrymore’s story. 1．Why did Bairymore tell Sir Henry something more about poor Sir Charles’ death? A．He wanted to thank Watson for helping. B．He wanted to do something for Sir Charles in return. C．He wanted to do something for Henry in return. D．He wanted to thank Holmes for helping. 2．According to the passage, who found the letter from one woman in the study first? A．Watson. B．Henry. C．Mr. Barrymore. D．Mrs. Barrymore. 3．After Watson knew why Sir Charles was waiting at the gate, what did he do then? A．He walked back to his room and wrote to Holmes. B．He wrote a letter to that woman. C．He went straight to his room with Henry. D．He left his room alone to find Holmes. 4．According to the part of the story, which is the correct order? ①Barrymore told Henry and Watson why Sir Charles was waiting at the gate. ②Sir Charles got a letter on the morning of the day he died. ③Most of the letter was burned, but the bottom of one page was not burned. ④The paper fell into pieces as Barrymore’s wife went to move it. ⑤Watson went straight to his room and wrote a letter to Holmes. A．①、②、③、④、⑤ B．①、②、④、③、⑤ C．②、③、④、①、⑤ D．②、④、③、①、⑤ B In America, people change jobs ten times during their lives. They change their homes eleven times. Americans like change because they think it improves their lives. In China, some people, of course, don’t like change. They want life to be predictable(可预见的). They want to do the same things every day and to see the same people every day. When something changes, it makes them feel uncomfortable, like a child who can’t go to sleep unless(除非)all his toys are in their proper(合适的)places. But can’t you see there are many changes in China? People are healthier and they are living longer. People have more money, more food and they are better educated(受教育). Without change our lives would be very boring(枯燥的). It would be like listening to the same song over and over again. Change is a big part of life and we all change in small ways every day—the young get stronger, the old get weaker; we meet new friends; we find new interests. Change is good for China and it will be good for you, too. 1．Some Chinese people don’t like change because it makes them feel ________. A．boring B．comfortable. C．interesting. D．uncomfortable 2．What is NOT China’s change? A．People are healthier and they are living longer. B．People have more money and more food. C．People are better educated. D．People change their homes eleven times. 3．What is the meaning of the underlined word “improve”? A．改善 B．增强 C．利用 D．增加 4．The best title for the passage is ________. A．Change Is Good B．Americans Like Change C．Chinese Like Change D．Chinese Dislike Change C If you hope to become a better reader, here are four points(要点) to remember about rate, or speed(速度), of reading. • Knowing why you are reading—what you are reading to find out—will often help you know whether(是否) to read quickly or slowly. • You should read some things slowly, such as instructions for making or doing something, maths problems, science and history books. They are full of important information. You must read such things slowly to remember each important step and understand each important idea. • You should read some things quickly, such as simple stories, letters from friends, and news from local paper, telling what is happening to friends and neighbours. • In some of your readings, you must change your speed from fast to slow to fast, as you go along. You need to read some pages quickly and then slow down and do more careful readings when you come to important ideas. 1．According to the writer, our reading speed depends on (取决于) ________. A．whether the article is easy or difficult B．when and where we are reading the article C．why we are reading the article D．whether the article is long or short 2．If we want to be relaxed by reading, we can pick ________. A．a storybook B．a maths book C．a science book D．something with important information 3．Which of the following should we read slowly and carefully? A．The Snow White. B．A math problem. C．Letters from friends. D．An evening paper. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．How to choose your reading materials(材料). B．How to raise your reading speed. C．How to improve your reading skills. D．How to decide your reading speed. 【课后巩固训练】 阅读表达 A rich man is riding along the road and sees an old man digging(挖) in his garden. On the ground lies a young tree. The rich man calls out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?” “This is a fig(无花果) tree, sir.” He says. “A fig tree?” the rich man is very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?” “I am ninety years old.” “What!” cries the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take many years to give fruit. I’m afraid you can’t live long enough to get any fruit from this tree.” The old man looks around the garden. Then he says with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy? ” “Sure,” the man doesn’t know why he asks this question. “Then tell me this,” he says, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why-why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” goes on the old man, “Our forefathers(祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.” The rich man is quiet and says, “You are right, my good man. We should do some good things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rides away. （Answer the following questions with no more than nine words 回答问题不超过9个词） 1．What tree is the old man planting when the rich man sees him? . 2．How old is the old man? . 3．Is the old man planting the tree for himself or for others to eat any fruit? . 4．Does the rich man understand(理解) the old man’s words at last? . 5．What should we do for the people after us?    . 缺词填空 My hometown is a beautiful city — Yangzhou. It’s a small city in Jiangsu Province. Yangzhou is a city of w 1 . There are many rivers here and you can see many bridges o 2 them. As you know, Yangzhou is a good place to travel. You can enjoy some famous gardens, like Ge Garden and He Garden. After that, you can have a big m 3 .There are many restaurants here. They are from d 4 areas and c 5 . If you want to eat noodles and pastry, you can go to one place called “Weiyang Teahouse”. Next, you must go to Yangzhou Library to have a look. It's on Wenchang Road. It’s very large and q 6 . I think it’s a good place to read books. Yangzhou is a 7 a modern city. It’s only twenty minutes from the city c 8 to Yangzhou Industrial Park by bus. There are lots of tall b 9 and large factories. Most of the people in the industrial park are from foreign countries. But all of them can s 10 Chinese well, even some Youngzhou dialects (方言). This is Yangzhou, an old city, an old garden, a new city and a new wonderful park. 翻译句子 1. 你愿意和父母分享趣事吗？ _______________________________________________________________？ 2. 法国面积超过260,000平方英里。 __________________________________________________ 3. Jim喜欢坐在阳台瞭望海滩和大海。 ______________________________________________________________ 4.你的浴室是什么样子的？ _______________________________________________________________？ 5. 感谢你帮助我学英语。 __________________________________________________ 6. 你住在什么样的房子里？ ______________________________________________________________？ 7. 杰克，你能帮我张贴通告吗？ _______________________________________________________________？ 8. 天冷时，请穿上暖和的衣服 __________________________________________________. ( 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$