精品解析：广东省深圳市光明区高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

2024—2025 学年第一学期期末教学质量检测 高一英语 本试卷共 9 页，卷面满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡指定区域。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Business Etiquette (礼仪) Workshop for the Professional Our Business Etiquette Workshop for Professionals (BEWP) will polish up your personal brand and give you the confidence needed for serial success. Make a positive and powerful first impression · Project confidence with your greeting · Positive and negative body language · Speak in the tight tone Business communications and office manners · Business meeting manners · Cellphone etiquette & texting · Email communications Network know-how · How to start and keep a conversation · How to hold your food and drinks · Business card exchange The professional image · How the right colors enhance your appearance · Professional dress for men · Wardrobe and make-up tips for women Business dining etiquette and table manners · Extending an invitation & duties of the host and guest · Seating arrangements in a business setting · Paying the bill and tipping Five-hour workshop includes: · Professional training workshop · Training manual (指南) · Four-course lunch · Workshop training certificate Workshop fee: $495.00 per person Business professionals, small business owners and college graduates will benefit greatly from our workshop. If you are interested in taking any of the classes or courses mentioned above, we would love to know a little bit about you. Please click the link to fill out our Registration Form so we may provide you with the best service. Organize a group Business Etiquette Workshop for the Professional may be booked for private groups. Pricing will vary depending on the size of your group. For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com. 1. What can you learn in BEWP? A. How to keep a healthy diet. B. How to be polite on the phone. C. How to use the Internet wisely. D. How to manage time effectively. 2. What will you get if you attend BEWP? A. Four-course free supper. B. A computer manual. C. Business suits. D. A certificate. 3. How can people acquire more information about BEWP? A. By texting. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending an email. D. By visiting Sue Brown’s office. B Father’s Day, a boxy bright red boat, was designed and made by Hugo Vihlen. It had no room for unnecessary things and only very limited room for him. Vihlen once made an 84-day crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in 1968. It was then the smallest boat to have made the journey. The sailing boat April Fool was 5 feet and 11 inches long. But Tom McNally broke the world record in 1993 by crossing the Atlantic in a boat that was 5 feet and 4.5 inches long. In order to regain the world record, Hugo set out alone later that same year to cross the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Falmouth. This time he was in Father’s Day, his home-built boat, which was half an inch shorter than McNally’s. During his crossing, Hugo had to sleep on his back with his knees bent. He woke every hour to check his heading direction and general sailing conditions. After facing everything the Atlantic Ocean could throw at him, and some close encounters with large ships, Hugo finally arrived in Falmouth 105 days later. He could hardly walk and had lost 34 pounds in weight, but he had regained his record. His reception on arrival in Falmouth was hardly a hero’s welcome. One of the waiting journalists found him a pizza to eat while his boat was taken to a local sailing boat club. When they arrived at the sailing club for a celebration tea, they found the club dosed. He felt a pity for that. But luckily, a member of the public brought a bottle of champagne to toast his success. 4. Why did Hugo Vihlen cross the Atlantic in his boat in 1993? A. To test his newly built boat. B. To make Father’s Day famous. C. To draw public attention to sailing. D. To break Tom McNally’s world record. 5 What can we learn about Hugo Vihlen’s crossing the Atlantic Ocean? A. It took half a year. B. It was very difficult and uncomfortable. C. It was beyond Hugo Vihlen’s expectation. D. It made Hugo Vihlen seriously injured a few times. 6. How was Hugo Vjhlen’s reception on arrival in Falmouth? A. It attracted a great deal of media attention. B. It finally turned into a simple celebration. C. It was arranged in a serious way. D. It was exactly a hero’s welcome. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. The legend of Father’s Day. B An unexpected new world record. C. Celebration of Hugo Vihlen’s great achievement. D. Hugo Vihlen’s’ story of sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. C Singapore researchers say they have developed a form of electronic skin that can create a sense of touch. They hope their invention will give people with prosthetic hands (假肢手) the ability to identify different objects. The skin device measures 1 square centimeter. The system contains 100 small sensors that attempt to recreate things like texture (质地), temperature and even pain. The researchers call the device Asynchronous Coded Electronic Skin, or ACES, which can process information faster than humans' nervous system. Machine learning methods trained the device to recognize 20 to 30 different textures. It can even correctly read Braille letters most of the time, the researchers say. The system does not require the users' movement to work. Humans need to slide to feel texture. But in this case the skin, with just a single touch, is able to detect textures of different roughness. A demonstration showed that the device could identify the difference between a soft ball and a solid plastic one. “When you lose your sense of touch, you essentially become numb and prosthetic users face that problem,” said Benjamin Tee, leader of the research team. “So by recreating an artificial version of the skin, for their prosthetic devices, they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and feel that it is soft.” Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars, when character Luke Skywalker loses his right hand and it is replaced with a robotic one. In the film, the new hand is able to experience touch sensations just like the real one. The artificial skin technology is still going through experiments and development. But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system, especially from the medical community. Tee said similar inventions that his team has developed include see-through skin that can repair itself when torn and a material for wearable electronic devices that gives off light. 8. Which of the following can best describe ACES? A. Tiny and smart. B. Simple and fashionable. C. Rough and ready. D. See-through and short-lived. 9. What do Benjamin Tee's words mean? A. The artificial skin feels warm when touched. B. The prosthetic devices should be made softer. C. The device can recreate the feeling of real touch. D. The sense of touch is often overlooked by people. 10. What inspired Benjamin Tee to develop ACES? A. The financial needs. B. A scene of a famous movie. C. The interest in Braille letters. D. A desire to help those in need. 11. What does Benjamin Tee think of the artificial skin technology? A. Mature B. Unreliable C. Promising D. Debatable D Rhesus monkeys have a sense of their beating hearts, according to the new research we conducted. Some previous research has shown that rhesus monkeys could be trained to increase and decrease their heart rates. But an open question has been whether monkeys have an unlearned ability to sense their bodily signals rather than being taught to do so. Both human babies and monkeys spend more time looking at things that are unexpected or novel than they do looking at things they expect or are used to seeing We used a task that relies on this behavior — originally developed to test whether human babies can sense their own heartbeats — to see if monkeys also have this ability. We first got our monkeys to sit in chairs in front of a computer screen and linked them to electrocardiograms (心电图) to monitor their heartbeats. Then we played videos of either a yellow or green cloud bouncing (弹跳) up and down accompanied by beeping sounds. Sometimes the bouncing and beeping were synched (同步) to match the monkey’s heartbeat, while at other times they were out of sync. If the monkeys had a sense of their own heartbeats, they would find the in-sync bouncing less interesting than the out-of-sync bouncing, and therefore would spend more time looking at the out-of-sync image. We tested four monkeys and, just like human babies, they looked at the shapes that bounced and sounded out of sync with their heartbeats for significantly longer than the in-sync shapes. Additionally, the extent to which our monkeys paid more attention to out-of-sync shapes than in-sync shapes was very akin to the difference in human babies. These findings strongly suggest that monkeys have an inborn sense of their own heartbeats, just like human babies can do exactly. Our work shows that monkeys and humans have a comparable sense of their own heartbeats and establishes a method for testing this ability across species. In humans, this skill is thought to be central to emotional experiences, self-awareness, memory, etc. Sensing one’s own physiological states abnormally is related to disorders such as anxiety and depression. This work has a positive effect on establishing rhesus monkeys as an animal model for human psychological disorder research. 12. What is the question unsettled by previous research? A. How to teach monkeys to share their feelings. B. How to train monkeys to sense bodily signals. C. Whether monkeys can change their heart rates. D. Whether monkeys can sense heartbeats by nature. 13. What fact is the new research based on? A. Monkeys are curious about new things. B Monkeys tend to learn novel things fast. C. Monkeys have strong observation abilities. D. Monkeys are interested in bouncing up and down. 14. What does the underlined word “akin” in paragraph 4 possibly mean? A. Acceptable. B. Important. C. Strange. D. Similar. 15. What is the significance of the new research? A. It proves monkeys’ similar emotional experiences to humans’. B. It helps confirm a model for further mental disease research. C. It helps provide an approach for animals to sense their heartbeats. D. It establishes a method for improving monkeys’ psychological features. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Phone addiction has a number of negative effects. Here are some ways to remove it. In order not to look at your phone as soon as you wake up in the morning, place your phone in another room or your coat pocket. Then spend at least the first 30 minutes of your day building good habits.____16____ Studies show that on average we use the phone 50 to 150 times a day.____17____You could do some reading, do a crossword puzzle or even something as simple as a walk in the yard—anything helping you get rid of your phone is OK. One of the main problems with smart phones is that you worry if you don’t check your phone regularly, you may miss out on something important, such as invitations to events or work emails.____18____ When someone has something important to tell you, they may give you a call. Therefore, it is OK to stay away from your phone sometimes. What’s going on in the real world, right in front of you, is almost always more important than what is happening online. Put away your phone when you are with someone important.____19____ For example, having dinner with friends will become awkward if you always check your phone. ____20____ That is because being addicted to the phone before going to bed greatly influences your sleep. This can harm your physical and mental health in the long run. Therefore, make it a rule to stop using your phone an hour before you go to sleep. A. Ask your friends or family for help. B. However, it is almost never the case. C Your smart phone has almost every tool that you need. D. So you should do something meaningful to avoid looking at it. E. A good rest should be more important than your phone at night. F. This could be exercise like a morning run or cooking a good breakfast. G. Many relationships have suffered because of our addiction to the phone. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Clark, a bald eagle (秃鹰), is a frequent commercial flier. He takes at least six trips a year. When the plane touches down, the ___21___ will often announce to the cabin: “The eagle has ___22___.” Like many passengers who touch down in the nation’s capital, Clark has a pretty high profile. His eagle father, Captain, was given as a ___23___ to the United States in 1982 by West German. At the time, the bald eagle was endangered, and environmentalists were ___24___ about the present. At its low point, the bald eagle population had fallen to 417 known nesting pairs. The United States made great efforts to ___25___ the bald eagle population and the result was ___26___. The species was saved and the bald eagle was ___27___ from the list of threatened species in 2007. Captain was part of a critical conservation breeding program, ___28___ six healthy eaglets (雏鹰). While Clark’s siblings were ___29___ into the wild, Clark has spent his whole life under human care. Clark’s claw (爪) did not form ____30____ and just didn’t give him the ____31____ that he would need. After all, the wild is not the most ____32____ place. Clark travels across the country to ____33____ flight demonstrations and other educational programs at events. People react similarly when they see him at events. They’re ____34____. Clark’s physical presence leaves a lasting impression and ____35____ people to care more about conservation efforts. 21. A. driver B. passenger C. pilot D. conductor 22. A. boarded B. landed C. left D. launched 23. A. gift B. decoration C. product D. reward 24. A. passionate B. concerned C. excited D. curious 25. A. keep B. monitor C. study D. recover 26. A. satisfactory B. scary C. discouraging D. convincing 27. A. excused B. protected C. removed D. separated 28. A. teaching B. fathering C. catching D. adopting 29. A. thrown B. changed C. divided D. freed 30. A. carefully B. beautifully C. formally D. properly 31. A. necessity B. company C. protection D. opportunity 32. A. secret B. forgiving C. striking D. impressive 33. A. learn B. seek C. observe D. perform 34. A. blown away B. put away C. taken away D. hidden away 35. A. encourages B. trains C. forces D. warns 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。 Hutongs in Beijing are narrow streets formed by lines of “siheyuan”, traditional Chinese courtyard residences. Here are three ____36____(protect) hutongs in Beijing’s Xicheng district. The 1,500-meter-long Dongjiao Minxiang is the longest of the three, which is home ____37____ a few high-end restaurants and luxury stores as well as some cheap eating places and common shops. But ____38____ most important attractions are a number of well-preserved Western-style buildings, which ____39____(be) once some foreign officials’ homes. The 496-meter-long Yangmeizhu West Street, ____40____ is the second longest among them, is originally famous for ____41____(it) 600-year-old architecture. It also attracts tourists for several ____42____(culture) figures, such as Shen Congwen, a late 20th-century Chinese author and scholar. Walking down the hutong, you will see Beijing locals ____43____(play) Chinese chess or talking about their own ideas on arts and life. Different from the above two hutongs, Gongmenkou Ertiao is much ____44____(short), but it is where Lu Xun Museum _____45_____(locate). It is also filled with history, culture and innovations. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 David 在你校的交换学习项目已经结束，即将回国。请你写一封信，感谢他在英语学习中给你的帮助，内容包括： 1. 表示感谢； 2. 回顾得到的帮助。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 21 years after graduating from college, I became a high school English teacher. During my first term as an educator, the kids taught me about high school and life, and what was important to them. It had been 25 years since I graduated from high school, so I had a lot to learn. I listened, took notes, and asked many questions. My students had more hardship (艰难) than what I had been familiar with at their age. Understanding their situations was not easy, but loving them came easily. When my second term began, my classroom welcomed a group of new students, including one young man who lit up the space every time he passed through the door. David stood tall at six feet and four inches. His strong body gave him the appearance of a grown man. His wide smile and bright eyes charmed every person in the classroom. He was smart, too. David seemed to know the answers to everything. For weeks, he controlled the atmosphere of my class. He was very active. He led group discussions, encouraged others to participate, and earned the highest grades. I was so impressed by him and his abilities that I didn’t ask many questions. I didn’t really take time to get to know him as I had to be with my first-term students. A few weeks passed, and we entered the month of February. David walked quietly into the classroom. His usual smile disappeared, and he looked cold. I asked if he was okay, but he didn’t respond. I encouraged him to participate, but he refused. He was just silent and emotionless. I was puzzled, embarrassed, upset and also angry about his behavior in class. Finally, I called another student to my office. I had noticed him often walking in the hallways with David. “Do you know what’s wrong with David?” I asked. He replied, “Oh, Mrs Green, his mom’s birthday is coming, but she was just found to have cancer.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was shocked and sad. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hoping to comfort him, I asked,“Can I give you a hug?” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025 学年第一学期期末教学质量检测 高一英语 本试卷共 9 页，卷面满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡指定区域。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Business Etiquette (礼仪) Workshop for the Professional Our Business Etiquette Workshop for Professionals (BEWP) will polish up your personal brand and give you the confidence needed for serial success. Make a positive and powerful first impression · Project confidence with your greeting · Positive and negative body language · Speak in the tight tone Business communications and office manners · Business meeting manners · Cellphone etiquette & texting · Email communications Network know-how · How to start and keep a conversation · How to hold your food and drinks · Business card exchange The professional image · How the right colors enhance your appearance · Professional dress for men · Wardrobe and make-up tips for women Business dining etiquette and table manners · Extending an invitation & duties of the host and guest · Seating arrangements in a business setting · Paying the bill and tipping Five-hour workshop includes: · Professional training workshop · Training manual (指南) · Four-course lunch · Workshop training certificate Workshop fee: $495.00 per person Business professionals, small business owners and college graduates will benefit greatly from our workshop. If you are interested in taking any of the classes or courses mentioned above, we would love to know a little bit about you. Please click the link to fill out our Registration Form so we may provide you with the best service. Organize a group Business Etiquette Workshop for the Professional may be booked for private groups. Pricing will vary depending on the size of your group. For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com. 1. What can you learn in BEWP? A. How to keep a healthy diet. B. How to be polite on the phone. C. How to use the Internet wisely. D. How to manage time effectively. 2. What will you get if you attend BEWP? A. Four-course free supper. B. A computer manual. C. Business suits. D. A certificate. 3. How can people acquire more information about BEWP? A. By texting. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending an email. D. By visiting Sue Brown’s office. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于BEWP的一些信息。包括它的课程内容、给参与者提供的服务、费用，以及报名渠道等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Business communications and office manners”部分的“Cellphone etiquette(手机礼仪)”可知，你可以在BEWP里学到如何在使用手机方面表现礼貌。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Five-hour workshop includes”部分的“Workshop training certificate(研讨会培训证书)”可知，你将会得到一份证书。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com.(欲了解更多信息，请致电480-510-6346或发邮件至Sue Brown info@itsallaboutetiquette.com。)”可知，人们可以通过发送电子邮件来获得更多关于BEWP的信息。故选C。 B Father’s Day, a boxy bright red boat, was designed and made by Hugo Vihlen. It had no room for unnecessary things and only very limited room for him. Vihlen once made an 84-day crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in 1968. It was then the smallest boat to have made the journey. The sailing boat April Fool was 5 feet and 11 inches long. But Tom McNally broke the world record in 1993 by crossing the Atlantic in a boat that was 5 feet and 4.5 inches long. In order to regain the world record, Hugo set out alone later that same year to cross the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Falmouth. This time he was in Father’s Day, his home-built boat, which was half an inch shorter than McNally’s. During his crossing, Hugo had to sleep on his back with his knees bent. He woke every hour to check his heading direction and general sailing conditions. After facing everything the Atlantic Ocean could throw at him, and some close encounters with large ships, Hugo finally arrived in Falmouth 105 days later. He could hardly walk and had lost 34 pounds in weight, but he had regained his record. His reception on arrival in Falmouth was hardly a hero’s welcome. One of the waiting journalists found him a pizza to eat while his boat was taken to a local sailing boat club. When they arrived at the sailing club for a celebration tea, they found the club dosed. He felt a pity for that. But luckily, a member of the public brought a bottle of champagne to toast his success. 4. Why did Hugo Vihlen cross the Atlantic in his boat in 1993? A. To test his newly built boat. B. To make Father’s Day famous. C. To draw public attention to sailing. D. To break Tom McNally’s world record. 5. What can we learn about Hugo Vihlen’s crossing the Atlantic Ocean? A. It took half a year. B. It was very difficult and uncomfortable. C. It was beyond Hugo Vihlen’s expectation. D. It made Hugo Vihlen seriously injured a few times. 6. How was Hugo Vjhlen’s reception on arrival in Falmouth? A. It attracted a great deal of media attention. B. It finally turned into a simple celebration. C. It was arranged in a serious way. D. It was exactly a hero’s welcome. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. The legend of Father’s Day. B. An unexpected new world record. C. Celebration of Hugo Vihlen’s great achievement. D. Hugo Vihlen’s’ story of sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hugo Vihlen为了重获世界纪录，开启了一次横渡大西洋的活动，讲述了他在横渡时的经历和他到达目的地法尔茅斯后的情况。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Tom McNally broke the world record in 1993 by crossing the Atlantic in a boat that was 5 feet and 4.5 inches long.(但是Tom McNally在1993年打破了这项世界纪录，他驾驶一艘长5英尺4.5英寸的船横渡大西洋)”以及第三段中“In order to regain the world record, Hugo set out alone later that same year to cross the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Falmouth.(为了重新获得这项世界纪录，Hugo在同一年晚些时候独自出发，从纽芬兰横渡大西洋到法尔茅斯)”可知，Hugo Vihlen在1993年乘船横渡大西洋是为了打破Tom McNally的世界纪录。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“During his crossing, Hugo had to sleep on his back with his knees bent. He woke every hour to check his heading direction and general sailing conditions. After facing everything the Atlantic Ocean could throw at him, and some close encounters with large ships, Hugo finally arrived in Falmouth 105 days later. He could hardly walk and had lost 34 pounds in weight, but he had regained his record.(横渡时，Hugo只好弯着膝盖平躺着睡觉。他每小时醒来一次，检查航向和总体航行情况。在面对了大西洋可能抛给他的一切，以及几次与大型船只的近距离接触后，Hugo终于在105天后抵达法尔茅斯。他几乎无法行走，体重下降了34磅，但他又再次获得纪录)”可知，Hugo Vihlen穿越大西洋非常困难和不舒服。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“His reception on arrival in Falmouth was hardly a hero’s welcome. One of the waiting journalists found him a pizza to eat while his boat was taken to a local sailing boat club. When they arrived at the sailing club for a celebration tea, they found the club dosed. He felt a pity for that. But luckily, a member of the public brought a bottle of champagne to toast his success.(他在抵达法尔茅斯时受到的接待很难说是英雄般的欢迎。一位等待的记者给他找了一份比萨饼吃，而他的船则被带到了当地的一个帆船俱乐部。当他们到达帆船俱乐部喝庆祝茶时，发现俱乐部里的人都喝醉了。他为此感到很可惜。但幸运的是，一位市民带来了一瓶香槟酒，为他的成功庆祝)”可知，Hugo Vihlen到达法尔茅斯时，接待最后变成了一个简单的庆祝活动。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“In order to regain the world record, Hugo set out alone later that same year to cross the Atlantic from Newfoundland to Falmouth.(为了重新获得这项世界纪录，Hugo在同一年晚些时候独自出发，从纽芬兰横渡大西洋到法尔茅斯)”结合文章主要讲述了Hugo Vihlen为了重获世界纪录，开启了一次横渡大西洋的活动，讲述了他在横渡时的经历和他到达目的地法尔茅斯后的情况。可知，文章主要讲的是Hugo Vihlen横渡大西洋的故事。故选D。 C Singapore researchers say they have developed a form of electronic skin that can create a sense of touch. They hope their invention will give people with prosthetic hands (假肢手) the ability to identify different objects. The skin device measures 1 square centimeter. The system contains 100 small sensors that attempt to recreate things like texture (质地), temperature and even pain. The researchers call the device Asynchronous Coded Electronic Skin, or ACES, which can process information faster than humans' nervous system. Machine learning methods trained the device to recognize 20 to 30 different textures. It can even correctly read Braille letters most of the time, the researchers say. The system does not require the users' movement to work. Humans need to slide to feel texture. But in this case the skin, with just a single touch, is able to detect textures of different roughness. A demonstration showed that the device could identify the difference between a soft ball and a solid plastic one. “When you lose your sense of touch, you essentially become numb and prosthetic users face that problem,” said Benjamin Tee, leader of the research team. “So by recreating an artificial version of the skin, for their prosthetic devices, they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and feel that it is soft.” Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars, when character Luke Skywalker loses his right hand and it is replaced with a robotic one. In the film, the new hand is able to experience touch sensations just like the real one. The artificial skin technology is still going through experiments and development. But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system, especially from the medical community. Tee said similar inventions that his team has developed include see-through skin that can repair itself when torn and a material for wearable electronic devices that gives off light. 8. Which of the following can best describe ACES? A. Tiny and smart. B. Simple and fashionable. C. Rough and ready. D. See-through and short-lived. 9. What do Benjamin Tee's words mean? A. The artificial skin feels warm when touched. B. The prosthetic devices should be made softer. C. The device can recreate the feeling of real touch. D. The sense of touch is often overlooked by people. 10. What inspired Benjamin Tee to develop ACES? A. The financial needs. B. A scene of a famous movie. C. The interest in Braille letters. D. A desire to help those in need. 11. What does Benjamin Tee think of the artificial skin technology? A. Mature B. Unreliable C. Promising D. Debatable 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了新加坡研究人员已经开发出一种可以产生触觉的电子皮肤。这种人造皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The skin device measures 1 square centimeter. The system contains 100 small sensors that attempt to recreate things like texture (质地), temperature and even pain. The researchers call the device Asynchronous Coded Electronic Skin, or ACES, which can process information faster than humans' nervous system.(这种皮肤装置的尺寸为1平方厘米。该系统包含100个小型传感器，它们试图重现物体的纹理、温度甚至疼痛感。研究人员称这种设备为异步编码电子皮肤或ACES，它处理信息的速度比人类的神经系统还要快)”可知，ACES不仅小巧，而且还很智能。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So by recreating an artificial version of the skin, for their prosthetic devices, they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and feel that it is soft.(所以通过给他们的假肢设备再造一种人工皮肤，他们就能在握手时感受到温暖和柔软)”可知，这个设备可以重现真实的触摸感觉。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars, when character Luke Skywalker loses his right hand and it is replaced with a robotic one.(Tee说他对这个装置的想法来自电影《星球大战》，当时角色卢克·天行者失去了他的手，取而代之的是一个机器手)”可知，这个装置的想法来自电影《星球大战》中的场景。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system，especially from the medical community.(但是蒂表示，该系统已经引起了多方关注，尤其是来自医学界的关注。)”可知，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，尤其是医学界。由此可知，Benjamin Tee认为人造皮肤这项技术是很有前途的。故选C。 D Rhesus monkeys have a sense of their beating hearts, according to the new research we conducted. Some previous research has shown that rhesus monkeys could be trained to increase and decrease their heart rates. But an open question has been whether monkeys have an unlearned ability to sense their bodily signals rather than being taught to do so. Both human babies and monkeys spend more time looking at things that are unexpected or novel than they do looking at things they expect or are used to seeing. We used a task that relies on this behavior — originally developed to test whether human babies can sense their own heartbeats — to see if monkeys also have this ability. We first got our monkeys to sit in chairs in front of a computer screen and linked them to electrocardiograms (心电图) to monitor their heartbeats. Then we played videos of either a yellow or green cloud bouncing (弹跳) up and down accompanied by beeping sounds. Sometimes the bouncing and beeping were synched (同步) to match the monkey’s heartbeat, while at other times they were out of sync. If the monkeys had a sense of their own heartbeats, they would find the in-sync bouncing less interesting than the out-of-sync bouncing, and therefore would spend more time looking at the out-of-sync image. We tested four monkeys and, just like human babies, they looked at the shapes that bounced and sounded out of sync with their heartbeats for significantly longer than the in-sync shapes. Additionally, the extent to which our monkeys paid more attention to out-of-sync shapes than in-sync shapes was very akin to the difference in human babies. These findings strongly suggest that monkeys have an inborn sense of their own heartbeats, just like human babies can do exactly. Our work shows that monkeys and humans have a comparable sense of their own heartbeats and establishes a method for testing this ability across species. In humans, this skill is thought to be central to emotional experiences, self-awareness, memory, etc. Sensing one’s own physiological states abnormally is related to disorders such as anxiety and depression. This work has a positive effect on establishing rhesus monkeys as an animal model for human psychological disorder research. 12. What is the question unsettled by previous research? A. How to teach monkeys to share their feelings. B. How to train monkeys to sense bodily signals. C. Whether monkeys can change their heart rates. D. Whether monkeys can sense heartbeats by nature. 13. What fact is the new research based on? A. Monkeys are curious about new things. B. Monkeys tend to learn novel things fast. C. Monkeys have strong observation abilities. D. Monkeys are interested in bouncing up and down. 14. What does the underlined word “akin” in paragraph 4 possibly mean? A. Acceptable. B. Important. C. Strange. D. Similar. 15 What is the significance of the new research? A. It proves monkeys’ similar emotional experiences to humans’. B. It helps confirm a model for further mental disease research. C. It helps provide an approach for animals to sense their heartbeats. D. It establishes a method for improving monkeys’ psychological features. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过实验研究发现恒河猴具有天生感知自己心跳的能力，类似于人类婴儿，并探讨了这一发现对心理疾病研究的潜在意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But an open question has been whether monkeys have an unlearned ability to sense their bodily signals rather than being taught to do so.(但一个开放性的问题是，猴子是否具有未经学习就能感知身体信号的能力，而不是通过训练获得这种能力)”可知，之前的研究没有解决的是猴子是否能自然地感知心跳这一问题。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Both human babies and monkeys spend more time looking at things that are unexpected or novel than they do looking at things they expect or are used to seeing.(人类婴儿和猴子都花更多的时间去看那些意想不到或新奇的东西，而不是他们期待或习惯看到的东西)”可知，猴子和人类婴儿一样，会花更多时间观察那些意外或新颖的事物，也就是说，猴子对新事物感到好奇，结合下文的“We used a task that relies on this behavior — originally developed to test whether human babies can sense their own heartbeats — to see if monkeys also have this ability.(我们使用了一项依赖于此行为的任务——这项任务最初是为了测试人类婴儿是否能感知自己的心跳而开发的——来观察猴子是否也具备这种能力)”可知，新研究基于的事实是猴子对新事物感到好奇。故选A项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“These findings strongly suggest that monkeys have an inborn sense of their own heartbeats, just like human babies can do exactly.(这些发现有力地表明，猴子对自己的心跳有一种天生的感觉，就像人类婴儿一样)”可知，猴子和人类婴儿一样，对自己的心跳有一种天然的感觉，结合划线单词所在的句子“Additionally, the extent to which our monkeys paid more attention to out-of-sync shapes than in-sync shapes was very … to the difference in human babies.(此外，我们的猴子对不同步形状比对同步形状更加关注的程度与人类婴儿之间的差异非常……)”可知，此处应表示猴子和人类婴儿对不同步图像的关注度差异是相似的，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“相似的”意义相近。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“This work has a positive effect on establishing rhesus monkeys as an animal model for human psychological disorder research.(这项工作对建立恒河猴作为人类心理障碍研究的动物模型具有积极影响)”可知，这项新研究的意义在于它有助于确认一个用于进一步心理疾病研究的模型。故选B项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Phone addiction has a number of negative effects. Here are some ways to remove it. In order not to look at your phone as soon as you wake up in the morning, place your phone in another room or your coat pocket. Then spend at least the first 30 minutes of your day building good habits.____16____ Studies show that on average we use the phone 50 to 150 times a day.____17____You could do some reading, do a crossword puzzle or even something as simple as a walk in the yard—anything helping you get rid of your phone is OK. One of the main problems with smart phones is that you worry if you don’t check your phone regularly, you may miss out on something important, such as invitations to events or work emails.____18____ When someone has something important to tell you, they may give you a call. Therefore, it is OK to stay away from your phone sometimes. What’s going on in the real world, right in front of you, is almost always more important than what is happening online. Put away your phone when you are with someone important.____19____ For example, having dinner with friends will become awkward if you always check your phone. ____20____ That is because being addicted to the phone before going to bed greatly influences your sleep. This can harm your physical and mental health in the long run. Therefore, make it a rule to stop using your phone an hour before you go to sleep. A. Ask your friends or family for help. B. However, it is almost never the case. C. Your smart phone has almost every tool that you need. D. So you should do something meaningful to avoid looking at it. E. A good rest should be more important than your phone at night. F. This could be exercise like a morning run or cooking a good breakfast. G. Many relationships have suffered because of our addiction to the phone. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服手机上瘾的几种方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In order not to look at your phone as soon as you wake up in the morning, place your phone in another room or your coat pocket. Then spend at least the first 30 minutes of your day building good habits.”(为了避免早上醒来时看手机，把手机放在另一个房间或外套口袋里。然后每天至少花30分钟养成好习惯。)可知，为了避免醒来时看手机，要每天至少花30分钟养成好的习惯，空处应该是具体解释好的习惯是什么，F选项“This could be exercise like a morning run or cooking a good breakfast.”(这可以是晨跑或者做早餐这样的锻炼。)符合，承接上文，其中this代指上文提到的“好习惯”，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Studies show that on average we use the phone 50 to 150 times a day.”(研究表明，我们平均每天使用电话50到150次。)和下文“You could do some reading, do a crossword puzzle or even something as simple as a walk in the yard—anything helping you get rid of your phone is OK.”(你可以读读书，做做字谜游戏，甚至做一些简单的事情，比如在院子里散散步——任何能帮助你摆脱手机的事情都可以。)可知，空处应该是承上启下，因为我们每天看手机很频繁，所以我们要做一些有意义的事情来避免频繁看手机，且空后具体列举了一些有意义的事，所以D选项“So you should do something meaningful to avoid looking at it.”(所以你应该做些有意义的事情来避免看手机。)符合，承上启下，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“One of the main problems with smart phones is that you worry if you don’t check your phone regularly, you may miss out on something important, such as invitations to events or work emails.”(智能手机的一个主要问题是，你担心如果你不定期看手机，你可能会错过一些重要的事情，如邀请活动或工作电子邮件。)和下文“When someone has something important to tell you, they may give you a call.”(如果有人有重要的事情要告诉你，他们可能会给你打电话。)可知，空处应该是和上文存在转折关系，说明不频繁使用手机也不必担心错过什么重要的事，B选项“However, it is almost never the case.”(然而，事情从来都不是这样。)符合，引起下文，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Put away your phone when you are with someone important.”(和重要人物在一起的时候，把手机收起来。)和下文“For example, having dinner with friends will become awkward if you always check your phone.”(例如，如果你总是查看手机，和朋友吃饭就会变得很尴尬。)可知，空处应该是具体解释上文内容，即和重要人物在一起的时候要把手机收起来，这是因为手机上瘾有损人际关系，同时下文具体举例子说明此问题。G选项“Many relationships have suffered because of our addiction to the phone.”(因为我们沉迷于电话，很多人际关系都受到了影响。)符合，承上启下，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据下文“That is because being addicted to the phone before going to bed greatly influences your sleep. This can harm your physical and mental health in the long run. Therefore, make it a rule to stop using your phone an hour before you go to sleep.”( 那是因为上床前沉迷于手机会极大地影响你的睡眠。从长远来看，这会损害你的身心健康。所以，在睡觉前一小时不要用手机。)可知，本段主要讲睡觉前看手机会损害人们的身心健康，空处位于段首，引起下文，E选项“A good rest should be more important than your phone at night.”(好好休息比晚上打电话更重要。)符合，概括了本段大意，故选E。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Clark a bald eagle (秃鹰), is a frequent commercial flier. He takes at least six trips a year. When the plane touches down, the ___21___ will often announce to the cabin: “The eagle has ___22___.” Like many passengers who touch down in the nation’s capital, Clark has a pretty high profile. His eagle father, Captain, was given as a ___23___ to the United States in 1982 by West German. At the time, the bald eagle was endangered, and environmentalists were ___24___ about the present. At its low point, the bald eagle population had fallen to 417 known nesting pairs. The United States made great efforts to ___25___ the bald eagle population and the result was ___26___. The species was saved and the bald eagle was ___27___ from the list of threatened species in 2007. Captain was part of a critical conservation breeding program, ___28___ six healthy eaglets (雏鹰). While Clark’s siblings were ___29___ into the wild, Clark has spent his whole life under human care. Clark’s claw (爪) did not form ____30____ and just didn’t give him the ____31____ that he would need. After all, the wild is not the most ____32____ place. Clark travels across the country to ____33____ flight demonstrations and other educational programs at events. People react similarly when they see him at events. They’re ____34____. Clark’s physical presence leaves a lasting impression and ____35____ people to care more about conservation efforts. 21. A. driver B. passenger C. pilot D. conductor 22 A. boarded B. landed C. left D. launched 23. A. gift B. decoration C. product D. reward 24. A. passionate B. concerned C. excited D. curious 25. A. keep B. monitor C. study D. recover 26. A. satisfactory B. scary C. discouraging D. convincing 27. A. excused B. protected C. removed D. separated 28. A. teaching B. fathering C. catching D. adopting 29. A. thrown B. changed C. divided D. freed 30. A. carefully B. beautifully C. formally D. properly 31. A. necessity B. company C. protection D. opportunity 32. A. secret B. forgiving C. striking D. impressive 33. A. learn B. seek C. observe D. perform 34. A. blown away B. put away C. taken away D. hidden away 35. A. encourages B. trains C. forces D. warns 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文，主要讲述了一只名为Clark的秃鹰作为美国保护项目的象征，它的出身背景、生活现状以及它如何参与公共教育活动，提升人们保护野生动物意识的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当飞机着陆时，飞行员将会经常向机舱宣布：“鹰已经着陆了。”A. driver司机；B. passenger乘客；C. pilot飞行员；D. conductor售票员。根据上文“When the plane touches down”和下文“will often announce to the cabin”可知，此处应是指飞机上的工作人员向乘客宣布信息，最合适的是飞行员。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当飞机触地时，飞行员经常会向机舱宣布：“鹰已经着陆了。”A. boarded登机；B. landed着陆；C. left离开；D. launched发射。根据上文“Clark, a bald eagle ( 秃鹰 ), is a frequent commercial flier.”和“When the plane touches down”可知，这只秃鹰是一名飞行员，当它驾驶的飞机着陆时，即表明这只鹰已经着陆。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的鹰父亲Captain在1982年由西德作为一份礼物赠送给美国。A. gift礼物；B. decoration装饰；C. product产品；D. reward奖励。根据下文“to the United States in 1982 by West German”和历史背景和外交常识，动物作为两国友谊的象征通常作为礼物赠送。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时，秃鹰处于濒危状态，环保主义者对这份礼物感到非常担忧。A. passionate热情的；B. concerned担忧的；C. excited兴奋的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文的“At the time, the bald eagle was endangered, and environmentalists were”可知，由于秃鹰濒危，所以收到这样的礼物，环保主义者更可能是担忧其保护状况。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国做出了巨大努力来恢复秃鹰的数量，结果是令人满意的。A. keep保持；B. monitor监控；C. study研究；D. recover恢复。根据下文的“The species was saved and the bald eagle was 7 from the list of threatened species in 2007.”可知，此处指针对濒危物种的保护措施，目的是恢复种群数量。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国做出了巨大努力来恢复秃鹰的数量，结果是令人满意的。A. satisfactory令人满意的；B. scary可怕的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. convincing有说服力的。根据下文的“The species was saved and the bald eagle was 7 from the list of threatened species in 2007.”可知，该物种被拯救，可知结果是积极的，令人满意的。故选A。 27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一物种被拯救了，2007年秃鹰从受威胁物种名单上被移除。A. excused原谅；B. protected保护；C. removed移除；D. separated分离。根据上文的“The species was saved”和下文的“from the list of threatened species in 2007”可知，此处指秃鹰因为数量恢复，不再属于受威胁物种，所以从名单上被移除。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Captain是关键保育繁殖项目的一部分，繁衍了六只健康的雏鹰。A. teaching教学；B. fathering繁衍；C. catching捕捉；D. adopting收养。根据下文的“six healthy eaglets (雏鹰)”可知，Captain作为一只雄性鹰参与繁殖计划，繁衍了后代。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Clark的兄弟姐妹们被放归野外，Clark一生都在人类的照料下度过。A. thrown扔；B. changed改变；C. divided分割；D. freed释放，放归。根据上文的“While Clark’s siblings were”和下文的“into the wild, Clark has spent his whole life under human care”可知，此处指对比了Clark和Clark的兄弟姐妹的状况，Clark一生都在人类的照料下度过，Clark的兄弟姐妹们被放归野外。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Clark的爪子没有正常发育，因此没有赋予它在野外生存所必需的能力。A. carefully小心地；B. beautifully美丽地；C. formally正式地；D. properly正确地，恰当地。根据前文的“Clark’s claw (爪) did not form”可知，此处指Clark的生理缺陷，爪子没有正常发育。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clark的爪子没有正常发育，因此没有赋予它在野外生存所必需的能力。A. necessity必需的事物，必要；B. company公司，陪伴；C. protection保护；D. opportunity机会。根据上文的“Clark’s claw (爪) did not form 10 and just didn’t give him”和下文的“that he would need”可知，此处指Clark因为生理缺陷，无法拥有在野外生存的必需的能力。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，野外并不是一个最宽容的地方。A. secret秘密的；B. forgiving宽容的，容易适应的；C. striking引人注目的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文的“Clark’s claw (爪) did not form 10 and just didn’t give him the 11 that he would need. After all, the wild is not the most”可知，野外环境严苛，对于有生理缺陷的生物来说，不是一个宽容的环境。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clark在全国各地旅行，为活动进行飞行表演和其他教育项目。A. learn学习；B. seek寻找；C. observe观察；D. perform表演。根据下文的“flight demonstrations and other educational programs at events”可知，Clark参与的是教育展示活动，因此是进行飞行表演。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当人们在活动中看到他时，他们的反应都是惊叹不已。A. blown away极为惊讶，惊叹不已；B. put away收起；C. taken away带走；D. hidden away隐藏起来。根据下文的“Clark’s physical presence leaves a lasting impression”可知，Clark给人们留下了持久的印象，人们对Clark的出现通常会感到非常惊奇和赞叹。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clark的身体存在留下了持久的印象，并鼓励人们更加关注保护工作。A. encourages鼓励；B. trains训练；C. forces强迫；D. warns警告。根据上文的“Clark travels across the country to 13 flight demonstrations and other educational programs at events.”和下文的“people to care more about conservation efforts”可知，Clark的存在和展示活动是为了正面促进人们保护野生动物的意识。故选A。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。 Hutongs in Beijing are narrow streets formed by lines of “siheyuan”, traditional Chinese courtyard residences. Here are three ____36____(protect) hutongs in Beijing’s Xicheng district. The 1,500-meter-long Dongjiao Minxiang is the longest of the three, which is home ____37____ a few high-end restaurants and luxury stores as well as some cheap eating places and common shops. But ____38____ most important attractions are a number of well-preserved Western-style buildings, which ____39____(be) once some foreign officials’ homes. The 496-meter-long Yangmeizhu West Street, ____40____ is the second longest among them, is originally famous for ____41____(it) 600-year-old architecture. It also attracts tourists for several ____42____(culture) figures, such as Shen Congwen, a late 20th-century Chinese author and scholar. Walking down the hutong, you will see Beijing locals ____43____(play) Chinese chess or talking about their own ideas on arts and life. Different from the above two hutongs, Gongmenkou Ertiao is much ____44____(short), but it is where Lu Xun Museum _____45_____(locate). It is also filled with history, culture and innovations. 【答案】36. protected 37. to 38. the 39. were 40. which 41. its 42. cultural 43. playing 44. shorter 45. is located 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了北京传统胡同的三个代表。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：北京西城区有三条受保护的胡同。分析句意可知，动词protect“保护”在句中作定语修饰名词hutongs“胡同”，且二者构成动宾关系，故使用过去分词形式，protected“被保护的”作定语。故填protected。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这座1500米长的东郊民巷是三座民巷中最长的一座，这里有几家高档餐厅和豪华商店，也有一些廉价的餐饮场所和普通商店。分析句意可知，此句包含介词短语be home to“是……的家园”。故填to。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但最重要的景点是一些保存完好的西式建筑，它们曾是一些外国官员的家。分析句意可知，空格后有形容词最高级most important“最重要的”，而形容词最高级前往往需要加定冠词。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：但最重要的景点是一些保存完好的西式建筑，它们曾是一些外国官员的家。分析句意可知，be在句中为定语从句的系动词，要根据主语，即先行词buildings“建筑”使用复数形式；时间状语once“曾经”表明应该使用一般过去时。故填were。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：长496米的杨梅竹西街是其中第二长的，最初以拥有600年历史的建筑而闻名。分析句意可知，空格处需要填写关系代词引导非限定性定语从句，修饰表物的先行词Yangmeizhu West Street“杨梅竹西街”，且在从句中作主语。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：长496米的杨梅竹西街是其中第二长的，最初以拥有600年历史的建筑而闻名。分析句意可知，代词it“它”在句中作定语，修饰名词短语600-year-old architecture“600年历史的建筑”，因此需要使用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它还吸引了几位文化人物的游客，如20世纪末的中国作家和学者沈从文。分析句意可知，名词culture“文化”在句中作定语修饰名词figures“人物”，因此需要使用形容词形式cultural“文化的”。故填cultural。 【43题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：沿着胡同走下去，你会看到北京本地人在下棋，或者谈论他们自己对艺术和生活的看法。分析句意可知，动词play“玩”在句中作宾语locals“当地人”的补足语，且二者构成主谓关系，故使用现在分词表示主动伴随关系，构成see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”。故填playing。 【44题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：与上述两条胡同不同，宫门口二条要短得多，但它是鲁迅博物馆所在地。分析句意可知，形容词short“短的”在句中作表语，但表示和其他两个胡同对比，相对而言短一些，故应该使用比较级。故填shorter。 【45题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：与上述两条胡同不同，宫门口二条要短得多，但它是鲁迅博物馆所在地。分析句意可知，动词locate“位于”在谓语，且与主语Lu Xun Museum“鲁迅博物馆”构成动宾关系，因为这件事是一般事实，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填is located。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 David 在你校的交换学习项目已经结束，即将回国。请你写一封信，感谢他在英语学习中给你的帮助，内容包括： 1. 表示感谢； 2. 回顾得到的帮助。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I’m sad to hear that you’re going to return to England soon. I’m writing to thank you for your help with my English study. To begin with, it was you who invited me to take part in the English Corner together. With your encouragement, I gradually built up my confidence to speak English in public. In addition, you often made up interesting stories to help me memorize new words. In a word, I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English without your help. I hope we can keep in touch all the time. Wish you a good journey. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 David写一封信，感谢他在英语学习中给予的帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 回到：return to →go back to 参加：take part in →participate in 此外：in addition → what’s more 取得如此大的进步：make such great progress → make such great advances 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In a word, I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English without your help. 拓展句：In a word, I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English if you hadn’t given me your help. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sad to hear that you’re going to return to England soon.（运用了不定式to hear作原因状语以及that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】To begin with, it was you who invited me to take part in the English Corner together.（运用了强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that…”强调主语you ） 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 21 years after graduating from college, I became a high school English teacher. During my first term as an educator, the kids taught me about high school and life, and what was important to them. It had been 25 years since I graduated from high school, so I had a lot to learn. I listened, took notes, and asked many questions. My students had more hardship (艰难) than what I had been familiar with at their age. Understanding their situations was not easy, but loving them came easily. When my second term began, my classroom welcomed a group of new students, including one young man who lit up the space every time he passed through the door. David stood tall at six feet and four inches. His strong body gave him the appearance of a grown man. His wide smile and bright eyes charmed every person in the classroom. He was smart, too. David seemed to know the answers to everything. For weeks, he controlled the atmosphere of my class. He was very active. He led group discussions, encouraged others to participate, and earned the highest grades. I was so impressed by him and his abilities that I didn’t ask many questions. I didn’t really take time to get to know him as I had to be with my first-term students. A few weeks passed, and we entered the month of February. David walked quietly into the classroom. His usual smile disappeared, and he looked cold. I asked if he was okay, but he didn’t respond. I encouraged him to participate, but he refused. He was just silent and emotionless. I was puzzled, embarrassed, upset and also angry about his behavior in class. Finally, I called another student to my office. I had noticed him often walking in the hallways with David. “Do you know what’s wrong with David?” I asked. He replied, “Oh, Mrs Green, his mom’s birthday is coming, but she was just found to have cancer.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 I was shocked and sad. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hoping to comfort him, I asked,“Can I give you a hug?” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I was shocked and sad. I decided to do something for David during his hard time. The next day, after school, I stopped him at my desk. “I’m sorry,” I said, placing my hand on his left shoulder. “I’ve learned what’s going on with you. Why not just take a week’s leave?” David replied, “My mom won’t allow it for fear that it will affect my studies. But I’m too upset, and unable to focus on studying.” He almost cried. Hoping to comfort him, I asked, “Can I give you a hug?” David bent down and hugged me. When he stood straight, I said, “David, continue being active in class. Your good performance in school can cheer your mom up and help her recover.” He looked at me and nodded. From then on, David worked harder than before. On a Sunday morning, I visited his mom, which made David and me more connected. The next year, he was admitted to a great university. What’s more, his mom pulled through months later. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者成为高中英语教师的经历为线索展开，讲述了在任教过程中与学生之间的互动和学习。文章特别描述了一位名叫David的学生，他最初以其积极的态度和卓越的学术表现给老师留下了深刻的印象。然而，随着二月的到来，David的行为突然转变，经过询问才得知他的母亲被诊断出癌症的事实。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我感到震惊和难过。”可知，第一段可描写作者知道了情况后对David说了什么以及David如何做出回应的。 ②由第二段首句内容“为了安慰他，我问道：“我可以给你一个拥抱吗？””可知，第二段可描写作者给了David拥抱并鼓励他尽快回到原来的状态，以及David转变后被大学录取并且母亲的病也好了。 2.续写线索：感到震惊——和David交流——David哭了——给David拥抱并鼓励——恢复到原来的状态——被大学录取且母亲痊愈 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放置：place/lay/put ②弯腰：bend down/stoop/lean over ③拥抱某人：hug sb./give sb. a hug 情绪类 ①不安，沮丧的：upset/disturbed/frustrated ②使某人振作起来：cheer sb. up/ lift one’s spirits/ brighten one’s day 【点睛】[高分句型1] “I’m sorry,” I said, placing my hand on his left shoulder.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2] On a Sunday morning, I visited his mom, which made David and me more connected.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $