05 Unit 4 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇)--2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第二册)

Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇) Ⅰ完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Atomic (原子的) shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to 1 artificial intelligence (AI) to build a “periodic table” (周期表) of these shapes. Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify (分类) atomic shapes 2 as Fano varieties, which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into smaller 3 . Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to 4 new insights, the researchers hope that organizing these atomic shapes by their various 5 will help in understanding them. The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of numbers 6 its features such as the number of holes it has or the 7 to which it twists around itself. This acts as a bar code (条形码) to 8 it. Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an 9 of 98 percent. The team member Alexander Kasprzyk, who works at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to 10 the periodic table, 11 when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be organized patterns in the geometry (几何) of the shapes. The team hopes to 12 the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes, which could 13 benefit further study. Graham Niblo at the University of Southampton, UK, stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by the AI and creates proofs of these ideas. “AI has 14 got unbelievable abilities. But in the same way that telescopes (望远镜) don’t put astronomers out of work, AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work,” he says. “It just gives us new 15 that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.” 1．A．go about B．turn to C．break with D．throw in 2．A．rewarded B．encountered C．entitled D．diverged 3．A．components B．perspectives C．variations D．transformations 4．A．enhance B．estimate C．reveal D．guarantee 5．A．predictions B．properties C．arrangements D．allowances 6．A．trapped in B．compared to C．bent on D．based on 7．A．scale B．extent C．width D．dimension 8．A．identify B．grasp C．imply D．cast 9．A．concept B．impression C．essence D．accuracy 10．A．differ B．follow C．multiple D．claim 11．A．as though B．even if C．so that D．now that 12．A．display B．expose C．distinguish D．improve 13．A．in turn B．in contrast C．by turns D．in return 14．A．critically B．definitely C．strikingly D．comprehensively 15．A．setting B．booming C．backing D．calling Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 16 the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 17 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 18 , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 19 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father inspired her interest in 20 . Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 21 , fashioning devices to make home life more 22 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 23 in science and technology,” Sarkar says. After 24 a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar 25 California to study nanoelectronics. There, she tested new ways to 26 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 27 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 28 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the 29 , which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains, “Our brains are 30 , but we could be better than what we are,” she says. 16．A．enrich B．read C．affect D．poison 17．A．birds B．researchers C．failures D．inspirations 18．A．aunt B．mother C．sister D．grandmother 19．A．working B．pretending C．refusing D．waiting 20．A．politics B．history C．engineering D．sport 21．A．job B．holiday C．discomfort D．passion 22．A．complex B．convenient C．peaceful D．meaningful 23．A．interested B．honest C．lucky D．disappointed 24．A．starting B．earning C．needing D．introducing 25．A．adapted to B．related to C．headed to D．belonged to 26．A．create B．fix C．operate D．sell 27．A．water B．money C．power D．time 28．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Obviously D．Eventually 29．A．computer B．brain C．exercise D．fashion 30．A．empty B．busy C．relaxed D．remarkable Passage 3 A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 31 of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority as the only 32 for truth. He always 33 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 34 back to the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived 35 the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle 36 to suggest that we must learn science 37 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself made many important discoveries. Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later (1564—1642 ) , was one of the greatest men, 38 in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 39 to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 40 towards the earth than small ones, 41 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 42 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 43 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo’s 44 of going direct to nature, and proving our 45   and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. 31．A．use B．time C．speed D．trust 32．A．reason B．cause C．advice D．result 33．A．thinks B．checks C．has D．learns 34．A．date B．keep C．look D．take 35．A．both B．each C．between D．among 36．A．Schools B．Ages C．Days D．Countries 37．A．in B．with C．on D．by 38．A．who B．when C．that D．where 39．A．ways B．degrees C．levels D．chance 40．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily 41．A．although B．because C．when D．if 42．A．place B．foot C．top D．ceiling 43．A．big B．small C．equal D．unequal 44．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．discovery 45．A．plans B．opinions C．world D．ability Passage 4 Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist？A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full 46 of the facts he observes.He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore   47   to accept authority as the only reason for truth.He always checks ideas 48 and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 49 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 50 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 51 many important truths. Galileo(1564－1642), however，who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, 52 began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 53   towards the earth than small ones, 54 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two   55   stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's   56   of going direct to nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has   57   all the discoveries of modern science. What   58   those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo, we know    59   that successful scientists are those whose observations have   60   better results. 46．A．use B．sense C．speed D．trust 47．A．refuses B．desires C．intends D．regrets 48．A．casually B．carefully C．quickly D．privately 49．A．date B．keep C．look D．come 50．A．command B．suspect C．suggest D．conclude 51．A．brought B．discovered C．handled D．announced 52．A．who B．when C．that D．where 53．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily 54．A．although B．because C．when D．if 55．A．big B．small C．similar D．unequal 56．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．wish 57．A．led to B．turned to C．set up D．put forward 58．A．makes B．prevents C．considers D．promises 59．A．likely B．clearly C．naturally D．unwillingly 60．A．foreseen B．rejected C．produced D．challenged Passage 5 （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期末）Heman Bekele, a 15-year-old talent, has been honored as TIME’s Kid of the Year for 2024. This Ethiopian-born American teenager has 61 a groundbreaking idea — a soap that could 62 treat skin cancer. He is currently 63 with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept. Heman’s journey began in Ethiopia, where his family moved to the United States when he was just four. He 64 people working outdoors in the sun without protection, which led him to learn about the dangers of cancer and the importance of skin protection from his parents. Skin cancer, while 65 , often requires expensive treatment, motivating Heman to find a more accessible 66 . As a curious child, Heman loved mixing different liquids. When he was seven, he discovered a(an) 67 called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer. He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a 68 bar, 69 tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin. Last year, Heman created a video 70 his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. His creative 71 impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000 72 and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists. Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s 73 in treating skin cancer in mice. As a 74 teenager, Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his 75 . He encourages other young people to contribute to making the world a better place. 61．A．taken over B．caught up with C．run over D．come up with 62．A．finally B．completely C．possibly D．fortunately 63．A．working B．dealing C．discussing D．struggling 64．A．heard B．imagined C．observed D．felt 65．A．desirable B．treatable C．available D．reasonable 66．A．solution B．function C．description D．attraction 67．A．medicine B．trick C．advertisement D．surgery 68．A．chocolate B．metal C．soap D．candy 69．A．stopping B．employing C．ordering D．curing 70．A．selling B．admitting C．explaining D．sending 71．A．production B．trend C．approach D．donation 72．A．salary B．profit C．earning D．prize 73．A．effectiveness B．interaction C．accuracy D．permission 74．A．determined B．weak C．shy D．talkative 75．A．mood B．goal C．profession D．employer Passage 6 （24-25高二上·云南·期末）At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he 76 the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his 77 creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea 78 the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just 79 him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his 80 , Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in 81 his novel thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of 82 related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bckele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekelo also passionately expressed his 83 of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within 84 for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable 85 from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to 86 him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more 87 option. In the future, Bckele longs to 88 his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization 89 to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing 90 in the battle against skin cancer. 76．A．kept B．desired C．defended D．won 77．A．strict B．instant C．novel D．common 78．A．focuses on B．relies on C．puts on D．agrees on 79．A．armed B．satisfied C．provided D．assisted 80．A．profession B．inspiration C．determination D．imagination 81．A．shaping B．showing C．quitting D．obeying 82．A．risks B．disasters C．challenges D．advantages 83．A．fear B．doubt C．dream D．surprise 84．A．distance B．reach C．limit D．space 85．A．guidance B．welcome C．praise D．invitation 86．A．require B．remind C．press D．aid 87．A．fashionable B．affordable C．adaptable D．capable 88．A．picture B．clear C．control D．perfect 89．A．used B．addicted C．devoted D．opposed 90．A．recognition B．hope C．comfort D．impact Passage 7 （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期中）Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal 91 on the environment, both in terms of products and materials 92 in the construction and in the functionality of the building. A sustainable design should always 93 to merge (融合) together 94 outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly 95 . This is what is at the 96 of sustainable design, the ability to 97 changes through time. Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will 98 for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are equally essential to this 99 . What’s more, sustainable building considers whether a space can be used for 100 purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Meanwhile, factors such as how easy the space can be 101 and retrofitted (翻新), and 102 the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable. Green design can often be viewed as a(n) 103 concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use 104 resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is 105 for society, businesses and the environment. 91．A．balance B．focus C．investment D．impact 92．A．wasted B．collected C．used D．distributed 93．A．happen B．seek C．refuse D．pretend 94．A．user-oriented B．financially-supported C．environmentally-preferred D．data-based 95．A．sustainable B．popular C．attractive D．different 96．A．expense B．risk C．crossroads D．core 97．A．adjust to B．refer to C．stick to D．contribute to 98．A．remain B．expand C．function D．account 99．A．project B．concept C．debate D．program 100．A．original B．recreational C．similar D．multiple 101．A．measured B．cleared C．changed D．designed 102．A．lessening B．predicting C．managing D．judging 103．A．precise B．complicated C．confusing D．imaginative 104．A．extra B．rarer C．local D．fewer 105．A．difficult B．beneficial C．affordable D．available Passage 8 （24-25高二上·云南昆明·期中）In Las Vegas, one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology. Dave Vinzant is a father to 8-year-old Aubrie who 106 difficulties in reading at school. “It was about halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 107 ,” said Vinzant. Despite their efforts, 108 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results. “The strong sense of 109 hit her,” Vinzant recalled. “After an hour of trying to get through a 10-15 page little book, she was 110 .” Determined to find a solution, Vinzant took matters into his own hands. Although 111 a background in computer programming, he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 112 his daughter. The result? A free 113 called WordStumble. WordStumble isn’t 114 any reading APP powered by artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT. The program customizes (定制) stories for each user. “What is 115 is that it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it 116 a customized children’s story,” Vinzant explained. For Vinzant, the success of WordStumble isn’t just 117 , he wants to share with others. With his dedication and innovation, Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but also giving 118 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges. And as WordStumble continues to 119 , it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 120 for young learners everywhere. 106．A．handled B．encountered C．displayed D．clarified 107．A．smile B．read C．respond D．jog 108．A．scientific B．alternative C．creative D．traditional 109．A．surprise B．regret C．failure D．pleasure 110．A．crying B．joking C．dancing D．singing 111．A．providing B．ensuring C．lacking D．requiring 112．A．persuade B．assist C．amuse D．rescue 113．A．brochure B．textbook C．advertisement D．application 114．A．still B．also C．even D．simply 115．A．familiar B．magical C．reasonable D．strange 116．A．generates B．remembers C．spreads D．recalls 117．A．ultimate B．popular C．personal D．convenient 118．A．courage B．determination C．hope D．imagination 119．A．improve B．survive C．transform D．perform 120．A．instruction B．task C．memory D．difference Ⅱ语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末） China has remained the world’s largest market for industrial robots for the 11th consecutive year, according to a vice minister at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The statement 1 (make) on Thursday during the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing. The data indicates that in 2023, China’s industrial robot production reached 430,000 sets. Furthermore, the number of the country’s newly added robot installations 2 (account) for more than half of the global market over the past three years, as reported by the Vice Minister Xin Guobin. He further added that after a decade of rapid development, China has risen as a powerful promoter for the 3 (grow) of the global robot industry. Xin pointed out that 4 (remark) progress has been made in the innovation 5 development of China’s robot industry. As of July 2024, China possessed more than 190,000 valid patents related to robots, holding 6 (approximate) two-thirds of the global total. According to Xin, China is deepening the implementation of the “Robot plus Application” plan 7 (enhance) the integration of robots across various industries. The sum of robots per 10,000 workers in Chin's manufacturing sector has increased from 49 to 470 since 2014. The five-day conference in Beijing, 8 started on Wednesday, has witnessed the attendance of 169 enterprises from across the globe including major global players like Tesla and Siasun. The 9 (participate) companies display over 600 robots, 10 more than 60 of them making their world debuts (首次亮相) at the conference. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末） In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 11 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 12 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 13 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 14 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 15 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 16 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 17 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 18 reality. We 19 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 20 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·期末） Low-altitude tourism is becoming more and more popular in China. 21 (fuel) by rapidly developing technologies, scenic spots are getting increasingly digitalized 22 visitors being able to order food, drinks and other items delivered by drones (无人机). At the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing, tourists can order 23 (product) through their mobile phones and get them, delivered in a few minutes by drones. Previously, such a delivery would require a 50-minute walk, and this time has been 24 (dramatic) shortened with drones. Huangshan Mountain has launched a drone transport route. In the period from May last year to January of this year, drones were operated 12,590 times and 25 (transport) 253 tons of goods. Previously, the work could only be done manually and faced problems such as high labor intensity and difficulties in sustaining 26 (grow) in transport capacity. The application of drones at Huangshan Mountain has enabled those who have a demand to transport goods in the mountainous areas 27 (see) a possibility to address the issue. “ 28 increasing number of new applications and life service scenarios (场景) 29 (expect) to emerge one after another, 30 the application of drones in those scenarios will have a long-term impact on the life of consumers,” said a senior director of drone manufacturer DJI. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末） The Crystal, located in London’s Royal Victoria Dock, is an award-winning building 31 (serve) as a modern and renewable energy technology model. It emphasizes environmentally-friendly 32 (practice) and services, seeking to inspire a worldwide sustainable transformation. The Crystal 33 (power) by a combination of renewable energy sources, including solar and wind. Boasting a zero carbon footprint, the building has 34 range of energy-saving and energy-generating features, including photovoltaic panels (光伏板) 35 generate electricity from the sun. The building’s sustainability is further evident in 36 (it) expansive green roof, which is insulated (绝缘的), making it cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter while also providing a habitat for birds and other wildlife. Inside the building, some sensors (传感器) are designed to detect movement 37 adjust the lighting accordingly to maximize energy efficiency. In addition to its sustainability 38 (achieve) through energy efficiency, The Crystal is committed to spreading the message of sustainability. The Crystal 39 (offer) workshops, seminars, and other events to inspire others to reduce their carbon footprints and lead more sustainable lifestyles. The Crystal is a shining beacon of sustainability and an example of renewable energy’s immense potential. Through its commitment to sustainability and its pioneering use of renewable energy sources, The Crystal is an outstanding example of 40 can be accomplished when we prioritize sustainability. Passage 5 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末） The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is also known as the Chang’e Program. Run by the China National Space Administration, China’s space agency, 41 comprises three stages; orbiting, landing and returning. The program’s first spacecraft, Chang’e 1 lunar orbiter, was launched in October 2007. It successfully orbited and 42 (scan) the Moon. 43 amazed the whole nation in October 2010 was that Chang’e 2 reached the Moon within just five days. 44 better techniques and equipment, Chang’e 2 completed 45 more detailed scan of the Moon before heading into deep space. The success of the two spacecraft showed the world how far Chinese space exploration had come. It was 46 (evidence) that the data gathered by them provided valuable information. December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecraft’s first soft landing on the Moon. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved 47 (be) a success and how it laid the foundation for future exploration was plain to see. In January 2019, Chang’e 4 succeeded in 48 (land) on the far side of the Moon. In December 2020, Chang’e 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples. China has successfully completed the three stages of the program. However, what 49 (advance) China will make in the future is 50 (anybody) guess. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末） Ancient murals (壁画) are precious records of social, religious, and artistic history across different cultures and times. 51 , these murals often suffer from damage due to environmental exposure and human activities, making their protection and restoration 52 urgent task for the global cultural heritage community. Over the years, digital technology 53 (become) an increasingly important tool in the conservation of murals. The Mural DH dataset, 54 (develop) for the digital restoration of Dunhuang murals, is an example of such technological advancement. It includes over 5,000 clear images of damaged murals, providing a valuable resource for various digital restoration tasks. The restoration process often involves multiple stages 55 the latest AI and image processing technology is used 56 (handle) different aspects, including separating the damage, filling in missing parts, and improving image clarity. The goal is to reconstruct the missing parts of the image in order to match the surrounding art, maintaining 57 (it) original aesthetic (美感). In conclusion, the restoration of ancient murals is an 58 (incredible) challenging task that requires a combination of advanced technology and the craftsmanship spirit. It is a multi-stage process that demands patience, 59 (accurate) and a deep respect for the cultural heritage that these murals represent. Only by combining traditional craftsmanship 60 modern technology can conservators successfully preserve these precious works of art for future generations to appreciate and study. Passage 7 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·阶段练习） Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Our own personal genome carries all the information 61 (need) to make us grow and develop. It also contains information 62 helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of Contracting certain diseases. Geneticists believe genome editing is 63 effective means of disease treatment and prevention and they hope to apply this technology to treat 64 (vary) health problems. With the technology 65 (develop) at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it 66 (appropriate). One day soon genome editing 67 (use) to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to 68 (sharp) all of their senses, etc. However, is this a good thing? What consequences might it have? Philosophers, geneticists and government 69 (official) have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. Despite the public argument over this technology, 70 (it) possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science. ( 14 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇) Ⅰ完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Atomic (原子的) shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to 1 artificial intelligence (AI) to build a “periodic table” (周期表) of these shapes. Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify (分类) atomic shapes 2 as Fano varieties, which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into smaller 3 . Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to 4 new insights, the researchers hope that organizing these atomic shapes by their various 5 will help in understanding them. The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of numbers 6 its features such as the number of holes it has or the 7 to which it twists around itself. This acts as a bar code (条形码) to 8 it. Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an 9 of 98 percent. The team member Alexander Kasprzyk, who works at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to 10 the periodic table, 11 when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be organized patterns in the geometry (几何) of the shapes. The team hopes to 12 the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes, which could 13 benefit further study. Graham Niblo at the University of Southampton, UK, stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by the AI and creates proofs of these ideas. “AI has 14 got unbelievable abilities. But in the same way that telescopes (望远镜) don’t put astronomers out of work, AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work,” he says. “It just gives us new 15 that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.” 1．A．go about B．turn to C．break with D．throw in 2．A．rewarded B．encountered C．entitled D．diverged 3．A．components B．perspectives C．variations D．transformations 4．A．enhance B．estimate C．reveal D．guarantee 5．A．predictions B．properties C．arrangements D．allowances 6．A．trapped in B．compared to C．bent on D．based on 7．A．scale B．extent C．width D．dimension 8．A．identify B．grasp C．imply D．cast 9．A．concept B．impression C．essence D．accuracy 10．A．differ B．follow C．multiple D．claim 11．A．as though B．even if C．so that D．now that 12．A．display B．expose C．distinguish D．improve 13．A．in turn B．in contrast C．by turns D．in return 14．A．critically B．definitely C．strikingly D．comprehensively 15．A．setting B．booming C．backing D．calling 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了原子形状是如此简单以至于它们不能被进一步分解，人工智能正在帮助数学家建立这些原子形状的周期表。 1．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：数学家们正试图借助人工智能（AI）来构建这些形状的“元素周期表”。A. go about忙于某事；B. turn to求助于，转向；C. break with彻底改变，与……决裂； D. throw in添加，投入。根据上句“Atomic(原子的) shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further.(原子的形状非常简单，不能再分解了。)”可知，原子的形状不能再分解，数学家们正试图借助人工智能来解决这个问题。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦敦帝国理工学院的汤姆·科茨和他的同事们正在努力对原子形状进行分类——被称为法诺变体，它们太简单了，不能被分解成更小的组成部分。A. rewarded奖赏；B. encountered遇到；曾遭遇；C. entitled有资格的；D. diverged相异，出现分歧。根据本句“classify (分类)atomic shapes(对原子形状进行分类)”以及“as Fano varieties(为法诺变体)”可知，他们是对原子形状进行分类——被称为法诺变体，be entitled as被称为……。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. components部件；组件；B. perspectives远景，看法；C. variations变化，变动；D. transformations改观，变化。根据前文“which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into(它们太简单了，不能被分解成)”可知，由于他们太简单了，不能被分解成更小的部分。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像化学家们按照原子量和基团排列元素周期表上的元素以揭示新的见解一样。A. enhance增强，提高；B. estimate估计；判断；C. reveal揭示，透露；D. guarantee确保，保证。根据本句空前“Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group (就像化学家在元素周期表中按原子量和基团排列元素一样)”以及空后“new insights(新的见解)”可知，化学家这样做来解释新的见解。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员希望通过不同的性质来组织这些原子的形状将有助于理解它们。A. predictions预测；B. properties性质，性能；C. arrangements安排；D. allowances津贴。根据本句“will help in understanding them(将有助于理解它们)”及后文“Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an　　9　　of 98 percent.(科茨和他的同事们现在已经创造了一种人工智能，它可以仅从这些形状的条形码数字中预测它们的某些属性，准确率达到98%。)”可知，通过不同的性质来组织这些原子来更好的理解他们。故选B。 6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：该团队根据每个原子形状的特征，如它所拥有的孔的数量或它在自身旋转的程度，给每个原子形状分配了一个数字序列。A. trapped in困住；B. compared to与（某事物）相比；C. bent on决心做某事；D. based on基于，根据。根据本句空前“The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of number(研究小组给每个原子形状分配了一个数字序列)”可知，该团队根据每个原子形状的特征做到这一点。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. scale规模，范围；B. extent程度；范围；C. width宽度；D. dimension(空间的)维度；范围。 根据前文“The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of number(研究小组给每个原子形状分配了一个数字序列)”及后文“to which it twists around itself(它在自身旋转的)”可知，该团队也根据它在自身旋转的程度给每个原子形状分配了一个数字序列。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像一个条形码来识别它。A. identify认出，识别； B. grasp抓牢，握紧；C. imply暗示，暗指；D. cast投射（光，影）。根据本句“This acts as a bar code (条形码)( 这就像一个条形码)”可知，用条形码来识别物体。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科茨和他的同事们现在已经创造了一种人工智能，它可以仅从这些形状的条形码数字中预测它们的某些属性，准确率达到98%。A. concept概念；B. impression印象；C. essence本质，要素；D. accuracy准确性，精确性。根据本句“Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone(科茨和他的同事们现在已经创造了一种人工智能，可以仅从这些形状的条形码数字来预测它们的某些特性)”及“of 98 percent (达到98%)”可知，预测它们的某些特性的准确率达到98%。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在英国诺丁汉大学工作的团队成员Alexander Kasprzyk说，人工智能让团队以一种开始遵循元素周期表的方式组织原子形状，因此，当你从左到右，或从上到下阅读时，这些形状的几何形状似乎有组织的模式。A. differ不同于；B. follow跟着，遵循；C. multiple倍数；D. claim声称，断言。根据本句“　　11　　when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be organized patterns in the geometry (几何) of the shapes.(因此，当你从左到右，或从上到下阅读时，这些形状的几何形状似乎有组织的模式。)”可知，当你从左到右，或从上到下阅读时，这些形状的几何形状似乎有组织的模式，需要团队以一种遵循元素周期表的方式组织原子形状。故选B。 11．考查连词词义辨析。句意见上题。A. as though好像，仿佛；B. even if即使，尽管；C. so that以便，为了；D. now that既然，由于。根据前文“The team member Alexander Kasprzyk, who works at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to　　10　　the periodic table(在英国诺丁汉大学工作的团队成员Alexander Kasprzyk说，人工智能让团队以一种开始遵循元素周期表的方式组织原子形状)”可知，这样做的目的是当从左到右，或从上到下阅读时，这些形状的几何形状似乎有组织的模式。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该团队希望改进模型，使其元素周期表中缺失的空间可以指向未知形状的存在，这反过来又有利于进一步的研究。A. display展示，陈列；B. expose露出；C. distinguish使有别于；D. improve提高。根据本句空后“to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes(使其元素周期表中缺失的空间可以指向未知形状的存在)”可知，这是该团队希望改进模型所达到的结果。故选D。 13．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. in turn相应地，反过来；B. in contrast相反地；C. by turns依次地；D. in return作为回报。根据前文“The team hopes to　　12　　the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes(该团队希望改进模型，使其元素周期表中缺失的空间可以指向未知形状的存在)”及后文“benefit further study(有利于进一步的研究)”可知，该团队希望改进模型，这相应地又有利于进一步的研究。故选A。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：AI绝对拥有令人难以置信的能力。A. critically 严重地；B. definitely肯定地，当然；C. strikingly显著地，突出地；D. comprehensively完全地；彻底地；全面地。根据后句“It just gives us new　　15　　that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.” (它正好为我们提供了新的支持，使我们能够探索数学领域中无法触及的部分)”可知，AI绝对拥有令人难以置信的能力。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它正好为我们提供了新的支持，使我们能够探索数学领域中无法触及的部分。A. setting放置；嵌入；B. booming发出巨响，轰鸣；C. backing支持；D. calling打电话。根据本句“that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach(使我们能够探索数学领域中无法触及的部分)”可知，AI为我们能够探索数学领域中无法触及的部分提供了新的支持。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 16 the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 17 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 18 , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 19 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father inspired her interest in 20 . Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 21 , fashioning devices to make home life more 22 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 23 in science and technology,” Sarkar says. After 24 a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar 25 California to study nanoelectronics. There, she tested new ways to 26 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 27 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 28 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the 29 , which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains, “Our brains are 30 , but we could be better than what we are,” she says. 16．A．enrich B．read C．affect D．poison 17．A．birds B．researchers C．failures D．inspirations 18．A．aunt B．mother C．sister D．grandmother 19．A．working B．pretending C．refusing D．waiting 20．A．politics B．history C．engineering D．sport 21．A．job B．holiday C．discomfort D．passion 22．A．complex B．convenient C．peaceful D．meaningful 23．A．interested B．honest C．lucky D．disappointed 24．A．starting B．earning C．needing D．introducing 25．A．adapted to B．related to C．headed to D．belonged to 26．A．create B．fix C．operate D．sell 27．A．water B．money C．power D．time 28．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Obviously D．Eventually 29．A．computer B．brain C．exercise D．fashion 30．A．empty B．busy C．relaxed D．remarkable 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在研究影响全世界数百万人思想的脑部疾病。A. enrich使……丰富；B. read读；C. affect影响；D. poison毒害。根据“She is conducting her research on brain diseases”及“the minds of millions of people worldwide”可知，这种疾病正在影响数百万人的大脑。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔出生于印度加尔各答，她认为父母是她早年的灵感来源。A. birds鸟；B. researchers研究者；C. failures失败；D. inspirations启发。根据“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early”及下文“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father inspired her interest”可知，萨卡尔认为父母是她早期的灵感来源，给了她启发。故选D项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。A. aunt阿姨；B. mother母亲；C. sister姐妹；D. grandmother奶奶。根据“who as a young woman went against social norms(常态) in her village by____4____to fund her own education”可知，这一句描述萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时做的事情。故选B项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力为自己的教育提供资金。A. working工作；B. pretending假装；C. refusing拒绝；D. waiting等待。根据“to fund her own education”可知，萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时违背社会规范，努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。故选A项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，萨卡尔的父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣。A. politics政治；B. history历史；C. engineering工程；D. sport运动。根据下文“including an electricity-free washing machine.”及“After____9____a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”可知，父亲让萨卡尔喜欢上了工程学。故选C项。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲腾出时间来实现自己的爱好，制作各种设备，让家庭生活更方便，其中包括一台免电洗衣机。A. job工作；B. holiday假日；C. discomfort不舒适；D. passion热情，爱好。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more____7____, including an electricity-free washing machine.”可知，父亲会腾出时间来研究自己的爱好。故选D项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲腾出时间来实现自己的爱好，制作各种设备，让家庭生活更方便，其中包括一台免电洗衣机。A. complex复杂的；B. convenient方便的；C. peaceful和平的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据“fashioning devices to make home life more”可知，父亲制作设备是为了让家庭生活更方便。故选B项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我对科学技术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”Sarkar说。A. interested感兴趣的；B. honest诚实的；C. lucky幸运的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Sarkar’s father inspired her interest in____5____.”可知，父亲影响了萨卡尔在科技上的兴趣。故选A项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. starting开始；B. earning赚，获得；C. needing需要；D. introducing介绍。根据“Sarkar____10____California to study nanoelectronics.”可知，萨卡尔在印度获得了学位后，继续去美国学习电子学。故选B项。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. adapted to适应；B. related to与……相关；C. headed to前往；D. belonged to属于。根据“After____9____a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”及“California to study nanoelectronics”可知，此处表示前往美国学习深造。故选C项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. create创造，制造；B. fix修理，固定；C. operate操作；D. sell售卖。根据“she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔测试了制造纳米器件的新方法。故选A项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. water水；B. money钱；C. power电能；D. time时间。根据“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics.”可知，计算机和其它日常电子产品需要电力来驱动。故选C项。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她通过开发一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破。A. Unfortunately不幸地是；B. Immediately立即；C. Obviously显然；D. Eventually最终。根据“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice.”可知，最终，她获得了突破。故选D项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此过程中，萨卡尔开始对大脑着迷，她称之为“最低能量的计算机”。A. computer电脑；B. brain大脑；C. exercise锻炼；D. fashion时尚。根据“which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons(神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains”可知，此处“最低能量的计算机”指的是人脑。故选B项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们的大脑是非凡的，但我们可以做得更好。”她说。A. empty空的；B. busy忙碌的；C. relaxed放松的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据“but we could be better than what we are”并结合常识可知，人脑的潜力无限大，所以是非凡的。故选D项。 Passage 3 A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 31 of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority as the only 32 for truth. He always 33 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 34 back to the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived 35 the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle 36 to suggest that we must learn science 37 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself made many important discoveries. Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later (1564—1642 ) , was one of the greatest men, 38 in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 39 to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 40 towards the earth than small ones, 41 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 42 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 43 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo’s 44 of going direct to nature, and proving our 45   and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. 31．A．use B．time C．speed D．trust 32．A．reason B．cause C．advice D．result 33．A．thinks B．checks C．has D．learns 34．A．date B．keep C．look D．take 35．A．both B．each C．between D．among 36．A．Schools B．Ages C．Days D．Countries 37．A．in B．with C．on D．by 38．A．who B．when C．that D．where 39．A．ways B．degrees C．levels D．chance 40．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily 41．A．although B．because C．when D．if 42．A．place B．foot C．top D．ceiling 43．A．big B．small C．equal D．unequal 44．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．discovery 45．A．plans B．opinions C．world D．ability 【答案】31．A 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．B 41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过对罗杰·培根和伽利略事迹的描述，讲述了一个成功的科学家应该具有的品质：不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他充分利用他观察到的事实。A. use用、使用；make full use of充分利用；B. time时间；C. speed速度；D. trust信任。根据下文“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, ”（他不接受不是以明显事实为基础的观点，）和“He always 　3　 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.”（他总是仔细检查想法，并做实验来证明它们。）可知，一个成功的科学家只接受以事实为基础的观点，所以他会充分利用所观察到的事实，做实验来证明这些观点。故选A。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不接受不是以明显事实为基础的观点，因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一理由。A. reason原因、理由；B. cause起因；C. advice建议；D. result结果。根据句中“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts,”（他不接受不是以明显事实为基础的观点，）可知，他只把事实作为真理的唯一理由，拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一理由。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是仔细核查观点，并用实验来证明它们。A. thinks认为、想；B. checks检查、核查；C. has有；D. learns学习。根据句中“makes experiments to prove them.”可知，科学家做实验是为了证明观点的正确性，所以他会仔细核查观点的正确性，并通过实验来加以证明。故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根的时代，他是牛津的杰出哲学家，生活在1214年到1292年之间。A. date确定年代；date back to追溯到；B. keep保持；C. look看；look back to回顾；D. take带、拿；take back to带回到。根据句中的“the time of Roger Bacon”和“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起也许是从罗杰·培根时代开始的，即可以追溯到很早的时期，date back to意义为“追溯到”。故选A。 35．考查代词和介词词义辨析。句意：现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根的时代，他是牛津的杰出哲学家，生活在1214年到1292年之间。A. both代词，两者都；B. each代词，每一个；C. between介词，两者之间；D. among介词，在……当中（三者或以上）。根据句中“the time of Roger Bacon”和并列连词“and”可知，罗杰·培根应该生活在1214-1292之间，between...and...表示“在……与……之间”，符合句意。故选C。 36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们必须通过观察和对我们周围的事物进行实验来学习科学的人。A. Schools学校；B. Ages年代、时代；Middle Ages中世纪；C. Days日子；D. Countries国家。根据前文“who lived between the years 1214 and 1292.”可知，罗杰·培根生活在1214-1292年间，属于中世纪。故选B。 37．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们必须通过观察和对我们周围的事物进行实验来学习科学的人。A. in在里面；B. with和……一起、随着；C. on在上面；D. by通过、凭借。根据第一段“ He makes full use of the facts he observes. ”（他充分利用他观察到的事实。）和“He always checks ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.”（他总是仔细核查观点，并做实验来证明它们。）可知，一个成功的科学家是通过观察和实验来证明自己的观点的，所以罗杰·培根应该是提出了我们必须通过观察和对周围的事物进行实验来学习科学。故选D。 38．考查定语从句。句意：然而，生活在300多年后(1564-1642)的伽利略是最伟大的人物之一，他在意大利、法国、德国或英国开始偶然地证明了许多重要的真理可以通过观察发现。A. who关系代词，先行词指人，作主语或宾语；B. when关系副词，作状语；C. that关系代词，不用于非限制性定语从句中；D. where关系副词，作状语。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Galileo”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who。故选A。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，生活在300多年后(1564-1642)的伽利略是最伟大的人物之一，他在意大利、法国、德国或英国开始逐步证明了许多重要的真理可以通过观察发现。A. ways方法、道路；B. degrees程度；by degrees逐渐地；C. levels水平；D. chance机会；by chance偶然地。根据下文“But Galileo, going to the 　12　of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 13　stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.”（但是，伽利略在登上比萨斜塔时，让两块（大小）不相等的石头掉了下来，证明了亚里士多德是错的。）可知，伽利略通过实验，使人们能够观察到两块大小不相等的石头掉下来时的速度，从而证明了真理；结合本句中“to show how many important truths”可知，伽利略通过一些实验，逐步证明了许多重要的真理可以通过观察发现。故选B。 40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体下落得更快，因为亚里士多德是这么说的。A. slowly慢地；B. rapidly快速地；C. lightly轻轻地；D. heavily沉重地。根据句中“Aristotle said so”和下文中“and proved Aristotle was wrong.”（证明了亚里士多德是错的）及常识可知，亚里士多德认为大的物体比小的物体下落更快，所以之前的学者也都相信这一错误的观点。故选B。 41．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体下落得更快，因为亚里士多德是这么说的。A. although虽然；B. because因为；C. when当……时候；D. if如果。根据第一段“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority as the only reason for truth. ”（他不接受不是以明显事实为基础的观点，因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一理由。）和常识可知，伽利略不接受权威作为真理的唯一理由，而在他之前，亚里士多德是世界古代史上伟大的科学家之一，学者们视亚里士多德为权威，把他的话当作真理，故相信大的物体比小的物体下落得更快，是因为亚里士多德是这么说的。故选B。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，伽利略在登上比萨斜塔时，让两块（大小）不相等的石头掉了下来，证明了亚里士多德是错的。A. place地方；B. foot脚；C. top顶部；D. ceiling天花板。根据句中“let fall two 13 stones”和常识可知，伽利略让两块石头掉落，所以应该是走到了比萨斜塔的顶部。故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，伽利略在登上比萨斜塔时，让两块（大小）不相等的石头掉了下来，证明了亚里士多德是错的。A. big大的；B. small小的；C. equal相等的；D. unequal不相等的。根据前文“Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more rapidly towards the earth than small ones,  because Aristotle said so.”（在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体下落得更快，因为亚里士多德是这么说的。）和本句中“and proved Aristotle was wrong. ”可知，为了证明亚里士多德的观点是错误的，伽利略用了一大一小两块不相等的石头来做实验，让它们从塔顶自由掉落。故选D。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是伽利略这种直接走向大自然，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论的精神，导致了现代科学的所有发现。A. spirit精神；B. skill技巧；C. theory理论；D. discovery发现。根据第一段“He always checks ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.”（他总是仔细核查观点，并用实验来证明它们。）和句中“going direct to nature, and proving our 15 and theories by experiment, ”可知，直接走向大自然，用实验来证明观点和理论是伽利略对待科学的一种精神和追求。故选A。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是伽利略这种直接走向大自然，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论的精神，导致了现代科学的所有发现。A. plans计划；B. opinions观点；C. world世界；D. ability能力。根据第一段“He always checks ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.”（他总是仔细核查观点，并用实验来证明它们。）可知，伽利略坚持用实验来证明自己的观点和理论。故选B。 Passage 4 Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist？A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full 46 of the facts he observes.He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore   47   to accept authority as the only reason for truth.He always checks ideas 48 and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 49 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 50 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 51 many important truths. Galileo(1564－1642), however，who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, 52 began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 53   towards the earth than small ones, 54 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two   55   stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's   56   of going direct to nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has   57   all the discoveries of modern science. What   58   those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo, we know    59   that successful scientists are those whose observations have   60   better results. 46．A．use B．sense C．speed D．trust 47．A．refuses B．desires C．intends D．regrets 48．A．casually B．carefully C．quickly D．privately 49．A．date B．keep C．look D．come 50．A．command B．suspect C．suggest D．conclude 51．A．brought B．discovered C．handled D．announced 52．A．who B．when C．that D．where 53．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily 54．A．although B．because C．when D．if 55．A．big B．small C．similar D．unequal 56．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．wish 57．A．led to B．turned to C．set up D．put forward 58．A．makes B．prevents C．considers D．promises 59．A．likely B．clearly C．naturally D．unwillingly 60．A．foreseen B．rejected C．produced D．challenged 【答案】46．A 47．A 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．A 53．B 54．B 55．D 56．A 57．A 58．A 59．B 60．C 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过实例阐述自己的一个观点：一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他充分利用了他观察到的事实。A. use使用，用途；B. sense意识；C. speed速度；D. trust信任。make full use of固定短语，“充分利用，充分使用”。根据“A successful scientist is generally a good observer.”可知，他充分利用了他观察到的事实。故选A。 47．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：他们不接受没有事实根据的想法,因此拒绝接受权威是唯一的真相。A. refuses拒绝；B. desires想要；C. intends打算；D. regrets后悔。 根据“He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore”可知，此处指拒绝接受权威是唯一的真相。故选A。 48．考查副词词义辨析。句意： 他总是仔细检查想法，并进行实验来证明它们。A. casually随便地；B. carefully仔细地；C. quickly迅速地；D. privately 私下地。根据“He always checks ideas”和下文“and makes experiments to prove them”可知，此处表示仔细地核查想法。故选B。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代科学的兴起或许可以认为可以追溯到罗杰 · 培根时代，他生活在1214 年到 1292年。A. date约定，定日期；B. keep保留，维持；C. look看；D. come 来。date back固定短语，“追溯到”。根据“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。故选A。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们应该学习以科学为中心，观察和实验我们周围的事物，他自己也发现了许多重要的真理。A. command命令；B. suspect怀疑；C. suggest建议；D. conclude推断。根据“we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us,”可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议。故选C。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们应该学习以科学为中心，观察和实验我们周围的事物，他自己也发现了许多重要的真理。 A. brought带来；B. discovered发现；C. handled处理；D. announced 宣布。根据“many important truths”可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。故选B。 52．考查定语从句。句意：然而，生活在三百多年后的伽利略(1564-1642)，是意大利、法国、德国和英国几位伟人中最伟大的一位。他们开始表明，通过逐步观察可以发现许多重要的真理。句中先行词为men。在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选A。 53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在伽琍略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体落向地球的速度快，因为亚里土多德是这么说的。A. slowly慢地；B. rapidly快速地；C. lightly轻地；D. heavily重重地。根据“　　9　　 Aristotle said so.”并联系史实可知，亚里士多德曾经认为重的物体比轻地物体下降速度快。故选B。 54．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在伽利略之前，有学问的人认为大的物体比小的物体落到地面更快，因为亚里士多德是这样说的。A. although尽管；B. because因为；C. when当.....的时候；D. if如果。根据“Aristotle said so”可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。故选B。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是伽利略登上比萨斜塔顶端，让两块不相等的石头掉下来，证明亚里士多德是错的。 A. big大的；B. small小的；C. similar相似的；D. unequal 不均等的。根据“and proved Aristotle was wrong.”可知，此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头，故选D。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是伽利略直面自然的精神，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论，导致了现代科学的所有发现。A. spirit精神；B. skill技能；C. theory理论；D. wish 愿望。根据“But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two  　　10　　  stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.”可知，此处表示科学精神。故选A。 57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是伽利略直面自然的精神，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论，导致了现代科学的所有发现。 A. led to导致；B. turned to转向；C. set up建立；D. put forward提出。根据“all the discoveries of modern science.”可知，此处表示正是伽利略的这种精神导致现代科学能有所发现。故选A。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么使这些人成为好的科学家？A. makes使得；B. prevents阻止；C. considers考虑；D. promises 许诺。根据“those people good scientists”可知，什么使这些人成为好的科学家？故选A。 59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从伽利略的例子中，我们清楚地知道，成功的科学家正是那些通过观察产生较好的结果的科学家。A. likely可能地；B. clearly清楚地；C. naturally自然地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据前文，从伽利略的例子中，我们能清楚地看到现代科学的发展来源于伽利略等一些伟大科学家的科学研究精神。故选B。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以伽利略为例，可以清楚地知道，成功的科学家是那些善于观察、敢于实践和挑战权威的人。 A. foreseen预见；B. rejected拒绝；C. produced生产；D. challenged 挑战。根据“better results.”可知，此处指那些科学家们的观察产生了更好的结果。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期末）Heman Bekele, a 15-year-old talent, has been honored as TIME’s Kid of the Year for 2024. This Ethiopian-born American teenager has 61 a groundbreaking idea — a soap that could 62 treat skin cancer. He is currently 63 with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept. Heman’s journey began in Ethiopia, where his family moved to the United States when he was just four. He 64 people working outdoors in the sun without protection, which led him to learn about the dangers of cancer and the importance of skin protection from his parents. Skin cancer, while 65 , often requires expensive treatment, motivating Heman to find a more accessible 66 . As a curious child, Heman loved mixing different liquids. When he was seven, he discovered a(an) 67 called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer. He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a 68 bar, 69 tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin. Last year, Heman created a video 70 his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. His creative 71 impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000 72 and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists. Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s 73 in treating skin cancer in mice. As a 74 teenager, Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his 75 . He encourages other young people to contribute to making the world a better place. 61．A．taken over B．caught up with C．run over D．come up with 62．A．finally B．completely C．possibly D．fortunately 63．A．working B．dealing C．discussing D．struggling 64．A．heard B．imagined C．observed D．felt 65．A．desirable B．treatable C．available D．reasonable 66．A．solution B．function C．description D．attraction 67．A．medicine B．trick C．advertisement D．surgery 68．A．chocolate B．metal C．soap D．candy 69．A．stopping B．employing C．ordering D．curing 70．A．selling B．admitting C．explaining D．sending 71．A．production B．trend C．approach D．donation 72．A．salary B．profit C．earning D．prize 73．A．effectiveness B．interaction C．accuracy D．permission 74．A．determined B．weak C．shy D．talkative 75．A．mood B．goal C．profession D．employer 【答案】61．D 62．C 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．A 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．C 71．C 72．D 73．A 74．A 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Heman Bekele的15岁少年，因发明了一种可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂而被《时代》杂志评为2024年度儿童。 61．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位出生于埃塞俄比亚的美国少年想出了一个开创性的主意——一种有可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂。A. taken over接管；B. caught up with赶上；C. run over碾过；D. come up with想出。根据下文“He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a  ____8____  bar,  ____9____  tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”可知，Heman想出了一个好的主意。故选D。 62．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位出生于埃塞俄比亚的美国少年想出了一个开创性的主意——一种有可能治疗皮肤癌的肥皂。A. finally最后；B. completely完全地、彻底地；C. possibly可能；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“He is currently  ____3____  with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept.”中的“test his concept”可知，这个想法还有待验证，由此可知，这种肥皂有可能治疗皮肤癌。故选C。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，他正与包括约翰霍普金斯大学的Vito Rebecca在内的科学家们合作，对他的设想进行测试。A. working工作；B. dealing处理；C. discussing讨论；D. struggling挣扎。根据下文“His creative  ____11____  impressed the judges, and he won the contest, receiving a $25,000  ____12____  and the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists.”中的“cooperate with”可推测，他在和科学家们合作。故选A。 64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到人们在户外阳光下劳作却没有任何防护措施，由此从父母那里了解到癌症的危害以及皮肤防护的重要性。A. heard听到；B. imagined想象；C. observed观察、遵守、评论；D. felt感到。根据空后“people working outdoors in the sun without protection,”可知，空后是Heman所观察到现象。故选C。 65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但往往需要高昂的治疗费用，这促使Heman去寻找一种更易获得的解决方案。A. desirable可取的；B. treatable可治疗的；C. available可获得的；D. reasonable合理的。根据空后“often requires expensive treatment”以及空前的“while”可推测，空处指的是皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但是治疗费用昂贵。故选B。 66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌虽然可以治疗，但往往需要高昂的治疗费用，这促使Heman去寻找一种更易获得的解决方案。A. solution方案；B. function功能；C. description描述；D. attraction吸引。根据上文“Skin cancer, while  ____5____ , often requires expensive treatment”可知，Heman知道皮肤癌虽然可以治疗但是需要昂贵的治疗费用，由此可知，他希望能够找到一种更易获得的解决方案。故选A。 67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：7岁时，他从一本杂志上了解到一种名为“咪喹莫特”的药物，这种药物有助于对抗皮肤癌。A. medicine药物；B. trick诡计；C. advertisement广告；D. surgery外科手术。根据空后“called “imiquimod” from a magazine that can help fight skin cancer.”可知，这是一种药物。故选A。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他萌生了将这种药物融入肥皂的想法，利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。A. chocolate巧克力；B. metal金属；C. soap肥皂；D. candy糖果。根据下文“Heman and Dr. Rebecca are now conducting tests to determine the soap’s 　　13　　 in treating skin cancer in mice.”可知，他产生了将药物融入肥皂的想法。故选C。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他萌生了将这种药物融入肥皂的想法，利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。A. stopping停止；B. employing利用；C. ordering命令；D. curing治愈。根据空后的“tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”以及上文所提及的想要治疗皮肤癌可知，这种想法是利用微小颗粒将治疗成分输送到皮肤上。故选B。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，Heman制作了一个视频，向3M青年科学家挑战赛阐释自己的想法。A. selling卖；B. admitting承认；C. explaining解释；D. sending发送。根据上文“Heman created a video”以及空后“his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge”可知，Heman制作视频是为了将自己的想法解释给3M青年科学家挑战赛。故选C。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他富有创意的方法给评委们留下了深刻印象，最终赢得了比赛，获得2.5万美元奖金，并得到了与导师级科学家合作的机会。A. production生产；B. trend趋势行；C. approach方法；D. donation捐赠。根据上文“He thought of the idea of mixing this medicine into a  ____8____  bar,  ____9____  tiny particles to deliver the treatment to the skin.”可知，空处指的是他这种富有创意的治疗皮肤癌的方法。故选C。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他富有创意的方法给评委们留下了深刻印象，最终赢得了比赛，获得2.5万美元奖金，并得到了与导师级科学家合作的机会。A. salary薪水；B. profit利润；C. earning收入；D. prize奖品。根据上文“a $25,000”以及空后的“the opportunity to cooperate with mentor scientists”可知，赢得比赛可获得2.5万美元奖金。故选D。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，Heman和Rebecca博士正在进行测试，以确定这种肥皂对治疗小鼠皮肤癌的有效性。A. effectiveness有效性；B. interaction互动；C. accuracy准确性；D. permission允许。根据上文“He is currently  ____3____  with scientists, including Vito Rebecca from Johns Hopkins University, to test his concept.”可知，他们进行测试是为了检验自己的想法，也就是这种肥皂对治疗小鼠皮肤癌的有效性。故选A。 74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个意志坚定的少年，Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。A. determined坚定的；B. weak虚弱的；C. shy害羞的；D. talkative健谈的。根据下文“Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort, but he remains committed to his  ____15____ .”以及全文内容可知，他是个意志坚定的少年。故选A。 75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个意志坚定的少年，Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。A. mood情绪；B. goal目标；C. profession职业；D. employer雇主。根据上文“Heman knows that developing his soap will take time and effort”以及空前的“but”可知，尽管Heman明白开发这种肥皂需要投入时间和精力，但他始终坚守自己的目标。故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·云南·期末）At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he 76 the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his 77 creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea 78 the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just 79 him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his 80 , Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in 81 his novel thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of 82 related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bckele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekelo also passionately expressed his 83 of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within 84 for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable 85 from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to 86 him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more 87 option. In the future, Bckele longs to 88 his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization 89 to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing 90 in the battle against skin cancer. 76．A．kept B．desired C．defended D．won 77．A．strict B．instant C．novel D．common 78．A．focuses on B．relies on C．puts on D．agrees on 79．A．armed B．satisfied C．provided D．assisted 80．A．profession B．inspiration C．determination D．imagination 81．A．shaping B．showing C．quitting D．obeying 82．A．risks B．disasters C．challenges D．advantages 83．A．fear B．doubt C．dream D．surprise 84．A．distance B．reach C．limit D．space 85．A．guidance B．welcome C．praise D．invitation 86．A．require B．remind C．press D．aid 87．A．fashionable B．affordable C．adaptable D．capable 88．A．picture B．clear C．control D．perfect 89．A．used B．addicted C．devoted D．opposed 90．A．recognition B．hope C．comfort D．impact 【答案】76．D 77．C 78．A 79．C 80．B 81．A 82．A 83．C 84．B 85．A 86．D 87．B 88．D 89．C 90．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的Heman Bekele凭借其创新的皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)在2023年青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，成为“美国顶尖青年科学家”，并介绍了他的发明灵感、过程及未来愿景。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在十名决赛选手中，他凭借被称为皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)的创新发明赢得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。A. kept保持；B. desired渴望；C. defended防御；D. won赢得。根据前文“stood out as the winner”可知，Heman Bekele在比赛中获胜，赢得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。故选D项。 77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. strict严格的；B. instant立即的；C. novel新颖的；D. common普通的。根据后文“a bar of soap created for the very first time”可知，这是首次创造出来的肥皂，因此是“新颖的”发明。故选C项。 78．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Bekele的绝妙想法不是治愈，而是专注于开发一种肥皂，旨在帮助患者的细胞在对抗黑色素瘤时保持活跃。A. focuses on专注于；B. relies on依赖；C. puts on穿上；D. agrees on同意。根据前文“Rather than a cure”和后文“the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma”可知，Bekele的想法是专注于开发一种特殊的肥皂，而不是治愈皮肤癌。故选A项。 79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直对生物学和技术充满热情，而青年科学家挑战赛为他提供了一个展示自己想法的完美平台。A. armed武装；B. satisfied使满意；C. provided提供；D. assisted帮助。根据后文“him with the perfect platform to display his ideas”可知，挑战赛为Heman Bekele提供了一个展示的平台；provide sb. with sth.意为“为某人提供某物”。故选C项。 80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在反思自己的灵感时，Bekele分享说，他的童年经历在塑造他新颖的思维方面发挥了至关重要的作用。A. profession职业；B. inspiration灵感；C. determination决心；D. imagination想象力。根据后文“Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role”可知，Bekele在反思自己的灵感来源。故选B项。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shaping塑造；B. showing展示；C. quitting放弃；D. obeying遵守。根据前文“his childhood experience had played a crucial role in”可知，童年经历对Heman Bekele的新颖思维产生了重要影响，即“塑造”了他的思维。故选A项。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，我想提高人们对持续暴露在阳光下所带来的风险的认识。A. risks风险；B. disasters灾难；C. challenges挑战；D. advantages优势。根据前文“Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun”和后文“related to constant sun exposure”可知，持续暴露在阳光下会带来健康风险，如皮肤癌等。故选A项。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bekelo还热情地表达了他将肥皂变成一个皮肤癌治疗人人可及的方法的梦想。A. fear恐惧；B. doubt怀疑；C. dream梦想；D. surprise惊讶。根据前文“I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience”和后文“of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within 9 ”可知，就是让皮肤癌治疗变得普及是Heman Bekele的梦想。故选C项。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. distance距离；B. reach范围；C. limit限制；D. space空间。根据前文“turning the soap into a world”和后文“for all”可推知，Heman Bekele想让皮肤癌治疗成为人人都能负担得起、可及的事物，即在其“范围”之内。within reach意为“在可及的范围内”。故选B项。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很感激一位产品工程专家的宝贵指导，这位专家将他与其他科学家联系起来，帮助他实现自己的宏伟计划。A. guidance指导；B. welcome欢迎；C. praise赞扬；D. invitation邀请。根据后文“from a product engineering specialist”和“who connected him with other scientists”可知，这位产品工程专家为Heman Bekele提供了指导和帮助。故选A项。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. require要求；B. remind提醒；C. press压；D. aid帮助。根据前文“who connected him with other scientists”可知，这位专家将Heman Bekele与其他科学家联系起来，目的是“帮助”他实现计划。故选D项。 87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然皮肤癌的治疗方法有很多，但他的解决方案是一个更实惠的选择。A. fashionable时尚的；B. affordable负担得起的，便宜的；C. adaptable可适应的；D. capable有能力的。根据第一段中“a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma”可知，与其他皮肤癌治疗方法相比，Heman Bekele的肥皂是一个更便宜的，更实惠的选择。故选B项。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：未来，Bekele希望通过反复试验来完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于尽可能多地为人们提供公平的皮肤癌治疗，为抗击皮肤癌带来希望。A. picture想象；B. clear清除；C. control控制；D. perfect完善。根据后文“by trial and error”可知，Heman Bekele希望通过实践来“完善”自己的发明。故选D项。 89．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. used使用；B. addicted沉溺；C. devoted致力于；D. opposed反对。根据前文“establish a nonprofit organization”和后文“to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”可知，这个非营利组织是“致力于”提供公平的皮肤癌治疗的；be devoted to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”。故选C项。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognition认可；B. hope希望；C. comfort安慰；D. impact影响。根据前文“providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”和后文“in the battle against skin cancer”可知，Heman Bekele的发明和非营利组织将为抗击皮肤癌带来“希望”。故选B项。 Passage 7 （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期中）Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal 91 on the environment, both in terms of products and materials 92 in the construction and in the functionality of the building. A sustainable design should always 93 to merge (融合) together 94 outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly 95 . This is what is at the 96 of sustainable design, the ability to 97 changes through time. Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will 98 for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are equally essential to this 99 . What’s more, sustainable building considers whether a space can be used for 100 purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Meanwhile, factors such as how easy the space can be 101 and retrofitted (翻新), and 102 the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable. Green design can often be viewed as a(n) 103 concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use 104 resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is 105 for society, businesses and the environment. 91．A．balance B．focus C．investment D．impact 92．A．wasted B．collected C．used D．distributed 93．A．happen B．seek C．refuse D．pretend 94．A．user-oriented B．financially-supported C．environmentally-preferred D．data-based 95．A．sustainable B．popular C．attractive D．different 96．A．expense B．risk C．crossroads D．core 97．A．adjust to B．refer to C．stick to D．contribute to 98．A．remain B．expand C．function D．account 99．A．project B．concept C．debate D．program 100．A．original B．recreational C．similar D．multiple 101．A．measured B．cleared C．changed D．designed 102．A．lessening B．predicting C．managing D．judging 103．A．precise B．complicated C．confusing D．imaginative 104．A．extra B．rarer C．local D．fewer 105．A．difficult B．beneficial C．affordable D．available 【答案】91．D 92．C 93．B 94．C 95．A 96．D 97．A 98．C 99．B 100．D 101．C 102．A 103．B 104．D 105．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了绿色设计（可持续设计）的理念，包括其含义、重点、以及它对社会、企业和环境的意义。 91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它应该对环境产生最小的影响，无论是在建筑中使用的产品和材料方面，还是在建筑的功能方面。A. balance平衡；B. focus焦点；C. investment投资；D. impact影响。根据前文“Green design is the creation of energy- efficient buildings”可知，绿色设计理念应该是对环境产生的影响最小。故选D。 92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wasted浪费；B. collected收集；C. used使用；D. distributed分发。根据前文的“both in terms of products and materials”以及后文的“in the construction and in the functionality of the building.”可知，此处指在建筑中使用的产品和材料，绿色设计应该对环境产生最小的影响。故选C。 93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可持续设计应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。A. happen发生；B. seek寻求；C. refuse拒绝；D. pretend假装。根据后文“to merge (融合) together  ____4____  outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building.”可知，持续设计应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。故选B。 94．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. user-oriented以用户为中心的；B. financially-supported经济支持的；C. environmentally-preferred环境优先的；D. data-based基于数据的。根据前文“It should have a minimal  ____1____  on the environment”可知，可持续设计理念是指对环境产生最小的影响，故其应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。故选C。 95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑。A. sustainable可持续的；B. popular流行的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. different不同的。根据前文“如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑。”可知，一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，这才是真正的可持续建筑。故选A。 96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是可持续设计的核心，随着时间的推移而适应变化的能力。A. expense费用；B. risk风险；C. crossroads十字路口；D. core核心。根据前文“If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly  ____5____ .”可知，如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑即能够随着时间的推移而适应变化，这是可持续设计的核心。故选D。 97．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. adjust to适应；B. refer to参考；C. stick to坚持；D. contribute to有助于，促成。根据前文“If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly”以及后文“through time”可知，一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑即可持续设计的核心是随着时间的推移，不断适应变化的能力。故选A。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一概念中，空间如何发挥原有功能以及未来如何利用空间同样重要。A. remain保持；B. expand扩展；C. function发挥功能；D. account解释。根据后文“how it could be used in the future”可知，在未来如何利用空间以及空间如何发挥原有功能同样重要。故选C。 99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. project项目；B. concept概念；C. debate辩论；D. program程序。根据前文“Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design.”可知，在绿色设计中这个概念中，面向未来的设计是设计的关键部分，其具体体现在空间将如何发挥原有功能以及在未来如何使用，二者同样重要。故选B。 100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，可持续建筑考虑的是一个空间是否可以在其生命周期的不同时期用于多种目的。A. original原始的；B. recreational娱乐的；C. similar相似的；D. multiple多样的。根据后文的“at different periods during its lifetime”可知，此处强调可持续建筑考虑的是一个空间能够在不同时期用于多种不同的目的。故选D。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，诸如空间的改变和改造的容易程度，以及减少建筑对环境的影响等因素将使其更具可持续性。A. measured测量；B. cleared清除；C. changed改变；D. designed设计。根据后文的“and retrofitted”可知，此处强调空间的改变和改造，二者构成并列。故选C。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lessening减少；B. predicting预测；C. managing管理；D. judging判断。根据后文的“the building will have on the environment”可知，减少建筑对环境的影响的因素，才能实现建筑物的可持续性。故选A。 103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计通常被视为一个复杂的概念，但实际上它很简单。A. precise精确的；B. complicated复杂的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. imaginative富有想象力的。根据后文“but it actually is simple.”可知，前后构成转折关系，虽然通常绿色设计被视为一个很复杂的概念，但实际上其很简单。故选B。 104．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着创造更耐用、使用更少资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界。A. extra额外的；B. rarer更稀有的；C. local当地的；D. fewer更少的。根据后文“in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations.”可知，为了帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界，绿色设计应该使用更少的资源。故选D。 105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计对社会、企业和环境都有好处。A. difficult困难的；B. beneficial有益的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. available可获得的。根据前文“creating products that last longer and use  ____14____  resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations.”以及后文“for society, businesses and the environment.”可知，绿色设计意味着创造更耐用、使用更少资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界，因此对社会、企业和环境都有好处。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25高二上·云南昆明·期中）In Las Vegas, one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology. Dave Vinzant is a father to 8-year-old Aubrie who 106 difficulties in reading at school. “It was about halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 107 ,” said Vinzant. Despite their efforts, 108 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results. “The strong sense of 109 hit her,” Vinzant recalled. “After an hour of trying to get through a 10-15 page little book, she was 110 .” Determined to find a solution, Vinzant took matters into his own hands. Although 111 a background in computer programming, he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 112 his daughter. The result? A free 113 called WordStumble. WordStumble isn’t 114 any reading APP powered by artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT. The program customizes (定制) stories for each user. “What is 115 is that it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with and it 116 a customized children’s story,” Vinzant explained. For Vinzant, the success of WordStumble isn’t just 117 , he wants to share with others. With his dedication and innovation, Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but also giving 118 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges. And as WordStumble continues to 119 , it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 120 for young learners everywhere. 106．A．handled B．encountered C．displayed D．clarified 107．A．smile B．read C．respond D．jog 108．A．scientific B．alternative C．creative D．traditional 109．A．surprise B．regret C．failure D．pleasure 110．A．crying B．joking C．dancing D．singing 111．A．providing B．ensuring C．lacking D．requiring 112．A．persuade B．assist C．amuse D．rescue 113．A．brochure B．textbook C．advertisement D．application 114．A．still B．also C．even D．simply 115．A．familiar B．magical C．reasonable D．strange 116．A．generates B．remembers C．spreads D．recalls 117．A．ultimate B．popular C．personal D．convenient 118．A．courage B．determination C．hope D．imagination 119．A．improve B．survive C．transform D．perform 120．A．instruction B．task C．memory D．difference 【答案】106．B 107．B 108．D 109．C 110．A 111．C 112．B 113．D 114．D 115．B 116．A 117．C 118．C 119．A 120．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一位名叫Dave Vinzant的父亲，为了帮助他8岁的女儿Aubrie克服阅读困难，亲自开发了一款名为WordStumble的免费应用程序。 106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dave Vinzant是8岁的Aubrie的父亲，Aubrie在学校遇到阅读困难。A. handled处理；B. encountered遇到；C. displayed展示；D. clarified澄清。根据上文“help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，Aubrie遇到了阅读困难。故选B。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一年级读到一半的时候，我们才意识到她不会阅读，”Vinzant说。A. smile微笑；B. read读；C. respond回答；D. jog慢跑。根据上文“Aubrie who encountered difficulties in reading”可知，Aubrie有阅读困难，所以是不会阅读。故选B。 108．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们努力了，传统的方法并没有带来预期的结果。A. scientific科学的；B. alternative可替代的；C. creative有创造性的；D. traditional传统的。根据第三段“Determined to find a solution”可知，传统的方法没有带来预期的结果。故选D。 109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：强烈的失败感袭击了她。A. surprise惊讶；B. regret后悔；C. failure失败；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“traditional methods weren’t bringing about the desired results”可知，传统的方法没有带来预期的效果，所以Aubrie有种失败感。故选C。 110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在花了一个小时努力读完一本10-15页的小书后，她哭了。A. crying哭；B. joking开玩笑；C. dancing跳舞；D. singing唱歌。根据上文“After an hour of trying to get through a 10-15 page little book”可知，Aubrie有阅读困难，所以花了一个小时努力读完一本10-15页的小书，她应该要哭。故选A。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然缺乏计算机编程的背景，但他下定决心要开发一个工具，可以有效地帮助他的女儿。A. providing提供；B. ensuring确保；C. lacking缺乏；D. requiring要求。根据上文“Although”和下文“he made up his mind to develop a tool”可知，Vinzant没有计算机编程的背景，空格处意为“缺乏”。故选C。 112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然缺乏计算机编程的背景，但他下定决心要开发一个工具，可以有效地帮助他的女儿。A. persuade说服；B. assist帮助；C. amuse逗笑；D. rescue救。根据第一段“In Las Vegas, one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，他要开发一个工具来帮助他的女儿。故选B。 113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个叫做WordStumble的免费应用程序。A. brochure手册；B. textbook课本；C. advertisement广告；D. application应用。根据第13空前的“Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps”可知，WordStumble是一个应用程序。故选D。 114．考查副词词义辨析。句意：WordStumble不仅仅是一个由人工智能驱动的阅读应用程序，特别是ChatGPT。A. still仍然；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. simply仅仅。根据下文“any reading APP powered by artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT. The program customizes (定制) stories for each user”可知，WordStumble不仅仅是一个由人工智能驱动的阅读应用程序。故选D。 115．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Vinzant解释说：“神奇的是，它可以把她知道的或纠结的所有单词都收集起来，然后生成一个定制的儿童故事。”A. familiar熟悉的；B. magical神奇的；C. reasonable合理的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“it can take all of those words that she knows or struggles with”和“a customized children’s story”可知，这个应用程序可以把她知道的或纠结的所有单词都收集起来，这是这个程序的神奇之处。故选B。 116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Vinzant解释说：“神奇的是，它可以把她知道的或纠结的所有单词都收集起来，然后生成一个定制的儿童故事。”A. generates生成；B. remembers记得；C. spreads传播；D. recalls回想起。根据上文“The program customizes (定制) stories for each user”可知，这个程序可以生成儿童故事。故选A。 117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Vinzant来说，WordStumble的成功不仅仅是个人的，他还想与他人分享。A. ultimate最终的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. personal个人的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“he wants to share with others”可知，WordStumble的成功不仅仅是个人的。故选C。 118．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借他的奉献和创新，Vinzant不仅改变了阅读应用的格局，也给无数面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来了希望。A. courage勇气；B. determination决心；C. hope希望；D. imagination想象力。根据下文“to countless parents and children facing similar challenges”可知，Vinzant用这个应用程序给无数面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来了希望。故选C。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着WordStumble的不断改进，很明显，一个人的激情的力量可以为世界各地的年轻学习者带来不同的世界。A. improve改进；B. survive幸存；C. transform转换；D. perform表演。根据上文“as WordStumble continues to”可知，这个应用程序继续改进。故选A。 120．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着WordStumble的不断改进，很明显，一个人的激情的力量可以为世界各地的年轻学习者带来不同的世界。A. instruction指示；B. task任务；C. memory记忆；D. difference不同。根据上文“not only changing the landscape of reading apps but also giving hope to countless parents and children facing similar challenges”可知，Vinzant给面对类似挑战的父母和孩子带来了希望，他的力量给世界各地的年轻学习者带来不同的世界。故选D。 Ⅱ语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末） China has remained the world’s largest market for industrial robots for the 11th consecutive year, according to a vice minister at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The statement 1 (make) on Thursday during the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing. The data indicates that in 2023, China’s industrial robot production reached 430,000 sets. Furthermore, the number of the country’s newly added robot installations 2 (account) for more than half of the global market over the past three years, as reported by the Vice Minister Xin Guobin. He further added that after a decade of rapid development, China has risen as a powerful promoter for the 3 (grow) of the global robot industry. Xin pointed out that 4 (remark) progress has been made in the innovation 5 development of China’s robot industry. As of July 2024, China possessed more than 190,000 valid patents related to robots, holding 6 (approximate) two-thirds of the global total. According to Xin, China is deepening the implementation of the “Robot plus Application” plan 7 (enhance) the integration of robots across various industries. The sum of robots per 10,000 workers in Chin's manufacturing sector has increased from 49 to 470 since 2014. The five-day conference in Beijing, 8 started on Wednesday, has witnessed the attendance of 169 enterprises from across the globe including major global players like Tesla and Siasun. The 9 (participate) companies display over 600 robots, 10 more than 60 of them making their world debuts (首次亮相) at the conference. 【答案】1．was made 2．has accounted 3．growth 4．remarkable 5．and 6．approximately 7．to enhance 8．which 9．participating 10．with 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了据工业和信息化部（MIIT）副部长表示，中国已连续11年保持世界上最大的工业机器人市场。该声明是周四在北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一声明是在周四于北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。空格处为谓语动词，make“发表”，是动词，根据Thursday得知句子用一般过去时，且主语statement与动词make之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was made。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，据副部长辛国斌介绍，在过去三年中，中国新增的机器人安装数量占全球市场的一半以上。空格处为谓语动词，account for“占据”，是动词短语，根据over the past three years得知句子用现在完成时，主语the number表示第三人称单数，故用助动词has。故填has accounted。 3．考查名词。句意：他进一步补充说，经过十年的快速发展，中国已经崛起为全球机器人产业增长的强大推动者。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，此处应用名词，grow是动词“生长”，其名词为growth，不可数。故填growth。 4．考查形容词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。remark“谈论，言论”，是动词或名词，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词progress，其形容词为remarkable“显著的”。故填remarkable。 5．考查连词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。根据句意可知，innovation和development之间是并列关系，故此处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 6．考查副词。句意：截至2024年7月，中国拥有超过19万件与机器人相关的有效专利，占全球总数的约三分之二。approximate“大约的”，是形容词，此处应用副词作状语，副词为approximately“大约地”。故填approximately。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：据辛国斌介绍，中国正在深化“机器人＋应用”计划的实施，以加强机器人与各行业的融合。enhance“加强”，是动词，句子谓语是is deepening，且无连词，故用非谓语，根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to enhance。 8．考查定语从句。句意：自周三在北京举行的为期五天的会议吸引了来自全球各地的169家企业，其中包括特斯拉和新松等全球主要企业。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The five-day conference，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故此处应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。participate意为“参加”，是动词，句子谓语是display，且无连词，故用非谓语， companies与participate之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用participate的现在分词 participating作定语修饰名词companies。故填participating。 10．考查with复合结构。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。此处为with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋现在分词作宾补”，在句中作状语，符合句意。故填with。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末） In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 11 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 12 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 13 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 14 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 15 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 16 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 17 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 18 reality. We 19 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 20 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. 【答案】11．most widespread 12．to grow 13．boosting 14．shortage 15．chemicals 16．which 17．expanded 18．into 19．are convinced 20．That 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水稻在东南亚及中国的重要性及其相关研究。 11．考查形容词最高级。句意：在越南和泰国等大多数东南亚国家，水稻是最广泛种植的谷物。本空修饰名词grain，作定语，且此处表示“最广泛的”，应用形容词最高级形式most widespread。故填most widespread。12．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是第一个种植水稻的国家。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，本空作后置定语，修饰名词country，country和grow“种植”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且country有序数词the first修饰，用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to grow。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：几百年来，中国人民一直致力于提高这种主要作物的产量。devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，为固定搭配，to是介词，本空用boost“提高”的动名词形式。故填boosting。14．考查名词。句意：例如，为了解决水资源短缺的危机，我国政府呼吁市民减少用水量。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词shortage“短缺”，不可数名词。故填shortage。 15．考查名词的数。句意：然后里面的化学物质帮助云产生雨水。chemical“化学物质”为可数名词，根据谓语动词help可知，主语为复数，本空用名词复数chemicals。故填chemicals。 16．考查定语从句。句意：至于我们的科学家，他们研究各种稻米的特点，以开发一些优良的稻米，其中一些稻米产量高，富含营养和矿物质，甚至可以在盐碱地种植。some of _____ may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ones，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。此处为with复合结构，且people’s efforts与expand“扩大”为被动关系，用过去分词，作宾补。故填expanded。 18．考查固定短语。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。turn... into...“把……变成……”，为固定短语，本空用介词into，符合题意。故填into。 19．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：我们相信水稻可以推广到世界上更多的国家。本空为句子谓语，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语We和convince“使确信，使信服”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are convinced。 20．考查主语从句。句意：最后，我们能在沙漠中种植水稻已不再是假设，但我们还有很长的路要走。_____ we can grow rice in deserts为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·期末） Low-altitude tourism is becoming more and more popular in China. 21 (fuel) by rapidly developing technologies, scenic spots are getting increasingly digitalized 22 visitors being able to order food, drinks and other items delivered by drones (无人机). At the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing, tourists can order 23 (product) through their mobile phones and get them, delivered in a few minutes by drones. Previously, such a delivery would require a 50-minute walk, and this time has been 24 (dramatic) shortened with drones. Huangshan Mountain has launched a drone transport route. In the period from May last year to January of this year, drones were operated 12,590 times and 25 (transport) 253 tons of goods. Previously, the work could only be done manually and faced problems such as high labor intensity and difficulties in sustaining 26 (grow) in transport capacity. The application of drones at Huangshan Mountain has enabled those who have a demand to transport goods in the mountainous areas 27 (see) a possibility to address the issue. “ 28 increasing number of new applications and life service scenarios (场景) 29 (expect) to emerge one after another, 30 the application of drones in those scenarios will have a long-term impact on the life of consumers,” said a senior director of drone manufacturer DJI. 【答案】21．Fueled 22．with 23．products 24．dramatically 25．transported 26．growth 27．to see 28．An 29．are expected 30．And 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无人机技术在低空旅游中的应用与发展。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：在快速发展的技术的推动下，景点正日益数字化，游客能够订购由无人机送达的食物、饮料和其他物品。本句谓语为are getting，此处为非谓语动词，且scenic spots与fuel“加强，刺激”为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Fueled。 22．考查介词。句意同上。此处表示“伴随”，用介词with，此处为with复合结构，故填with。 23．考查名词的数。句意：在北京的八达岭长城，游客可以通过手机订购商品，几分钟后无人机就会送货上门。本空作order的宾语，product“商品”为可数名词，此处表示不止一件商品，应用复数形式。故填products。 24．考查副词。句意：以前，这样的送货需要步行50分钟，而现在有了无人机，这个时间被大大缩短了。本空修饰动词shortened，应用副词形式dramatically“显著地”，作状语。故填dramatically。 25．考查时态。句意：从去年5月到今年1月，无人机共运行了12590次，运输了253吨货物。本空与and前的were operated并列，作谓语，由were operated可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用transport“运输”的过去式。故填transported。 26．考查名词。句意：以前，这项工作只能手工完成，面临着劳动强度大、运输能力难以持续增长等问题。本空作介词in的宾语，应用名词形式growth“增长”。故填growth。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：黄山无人机应用使那些有山区货物运输需求的人看到了解决问题的可能性。主句谓语为has enabled，此处为非谓语动词，enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，本空用see“看到”的不定式，作宾补。故填to see。 28．考查冠词。句意：无人机制造商大疆的一位高级主管表示：“越来越多的新应用和生活服务场景预计将陆续出现，无人机在这些场景中的应用将对消费者的生活产生长期影响。”an increasing number of“越来越多的”，为固定短语，本空用冠词an，符合题意，位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。 29．考查时态语态。句意同上。本空为句子的谓语，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且expect“预计”与主语An increasing number of new applications and life service scenarios之间为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are expected。 30．考查连词。句意同上。本空连接前后两个并列的句子，应用连词and。故填and。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末） The Crystal, located in London’s Royal Victoria Dock, is an award-winning building 31 (serve) as a modern and renewable energy technology model. It emphasizes environmentally-friendly 32 (practice) and services, seeking to inspire a worldwide sustainable transformation. The Crystal 33 (power) by a combination of renewable energy sources, including solar and wind. Boasting a zero carbon footprint, the building has 34 range of energy-saving and energy-generating features, including photovoltaic panels (光伏板) 35 generate electricity from the sun. The building’s sustainability is further evident in 36 (it) expansive green roof, which is insulated (绝缘的), making it cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter while also providing a habitat for birds and other wildlife. Inside the building, some sensors (传感器) are designed to detect movement 37 adjust the lighting accordingly to maximize energy efficiency. In addition to its sustainability 38 (achieve) through energy efficiency, The Crystal is committed to spreading the message of sustainability. The Crystal 39 (offer) workshops, seminars, and other events to inspire others to reduce their carbon footprints and lead more sustainable lifestyles. The Crystal is a shining beacon of sustainability and an example of renewable energy’s immense potential. Through its commitment to sustainability and its pioneering use of renewable energy sources, The Crystal is an outstanding example of 40 can be accomplished when we prioritize sustainability. 【答案】 31．serving 32．practices 33．is powered 34．a 35．that/which 36．its 37．and 38．achieved 39．offers 40．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国伦敦的一个城市可永续发展地标——the Crystal。水晶是人类有史以来建造的最环保的建筑之一。该建筑采用自然光，即白天完全利用自然光。它还利用智慧照明技术，其中电力主要由光伏太阳能电池板供电。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：水晶大厦位于伦敦皇家维多利亚码头，是一座获奖建筑，作为现代和可再生能源技术的典范。serve在这里做后置定语，与所修饰的名词building为主动关系，应用现在分词。故答案是serving。 32．考查名词单复数。句意：它强调环保实践和服务，旨在激励全球可持续发展的转型。空处作宾语，practice“实践”是可数名词，结合下文services，用复数形式。故答案是practices。 33．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：水晶大厦由太阳能和风能等多种可再生能源提供动力。该建筑拥有零碳足迹，具备一系列节能和发电功能，包括能够从太阳产生电力的光伏板。power在这里做动词，意思是“供能”，它在句子里充当谓语，由于主语“The Crystal”与动词“power”之间是被动关系，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故答案是is powered。 34．考查冠词。句意：水晶大厦由太阳能和风能等多种可再生能源提供动力。该建筑拥有零碳足迹，具备一系列节能和发电功能，包括能够从太阳产生电力的光伏板。a range of为固定搭配，意思是“一系列的”，符合题意。故答案是a。 35．考查定语从句，句意：水晶大厦由太阳能和风能等多种可再生能源提供动力。该建筑拥有零碳足迹，具备一系列节能和发电功能，包括能够从太阳产生电力的光伏板。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为“photovoltaic panels”，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故答案是that或which。 36．考查代词。句意：水晶大厦的可持续性还体现在其广阔的绿色屋顶上，该屋顶具有隔热功能，夏季保持凉爽，冬季保持温暖，同时为鸟类和其他野生动物提供栖息地。横线后有名词短语expansive green roof，应该将it转化为形容词性物主代词its。故答案是its。 37．考查并列连词。句意：在建筑内部，一些传感器被设计用来检测运动并相应地调整照明，以最大化能源效率。连接两个并列的动作“detect movement”和“adjust the lighting”，应用and。故答案是and。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了通过能源效率实现的可持续性外，水晶大厦还致力于传播可持续性的理念。空处做后置定语，achieve与所修饰的名词sustainability为被动关系，应用过去分词。故答案是achieved。 39．考查动词的时态。句意：水晶大厦提供研讨会、讲座和其他活动，激励人们减少碳足迹，过上更可持续的生活方式。offer在句子里做谓语，根据上下文可知用一般现在时，主语“The Crystal”是第三人称单数，故答案是offers。 40．考查名词性从句。句意：通过其对可持续性的承诺和对可再生能源的开创性使用，水晶大厦是一个杰出的例子，展示了当我们优先考虑可持续性时，可以取得的成就。这个句子是个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，且无明显范围，应该使用what引导。故答案是what。 Passage 5 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末） The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is also known as the Chang’e Program. Run by the China National Space Administration, China’s space agency, 41 comprises three stages; orbiting, landing and returning. The program’s first spacecraft, Chang’e 1 lunar orbiter, was launched in October 2007. It successfully orbited and 42 (scan) the Moon. 43 amazed the whole nation in October 2010 was that Chang’e 2 reached the Moon within just five days. 44 better techniques and equipment, Chang’e 2 completed 45 more detailed scan of the Moon before heading into deep space. The success of the two spacecraft showed the world how far Chinese space exploration had come. It was 46 (evidence) that the data gathered by them provided valuable information. December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecraft’s first soft landing on the Moon. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved 47 (be) a success and how it laid the foundation for future exploration was plain to see. In January 2019, Chang’e 4 succeeded in 48 (land) on the far side of the Moon. In December 2020, Chang’e 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples. China has successfully completed the three stages of the program. However, what 49 (advance) China will make in the future is 50 (anybody) guess. 【答案】41．it 42．scanned 43．What 44．With 45．a 46．evident 47．to be 48．landing 49．advances/advancement/advancements 50．anybody’s 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的探月工程——嫦娥计划。 41．考查代词。句意：由中国国家航天局（CNSA）负责，它包括三个阶段：轨道、着陆和返回。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子主语，指代上文中的The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program，为单数，故应用代词it。故填it。 42．考查时态。句意：它成功地环绕月球并对其进行了扫描。根据空前的并列连词and可知，此处连接并列谓语动词orbit和scan，orbited使用了一般过去时，故scan也应用一般过去时。故填scanned。 43．考查主语从句。句意：令全国人民惊讶的是，嫦娥二号在2010年10月仅用5天就到达了月球。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物，故应用连接代词what引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填What。 44．考查介词。句意：有了更好的技术和设备，嫦娥二号在进入太空前完成了对月球更详细的扫描。根据句意可知，此处指“有”更好的技术和设备，所以用介词with，首字母大写。故填With。 45．考查冠词。句意：同上。scan为可数名词，且此处泛指“一次更详细的扫描”，故应用不定冠词，且more的读音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 46．考查形容词。句意：很明显，他们收集的数据提供了有价值的信息。分析句子结构可知，空格处作表语，应用所给词的形容词形式“evident明显的”。故填evident。 47．考查不定式。句意：嫦娥三号的着陆被证明是成功的，它为未来的探索奠定了基础，这是显而易见的。prove to be为固定短语，意为“被证明是”，故此处应用不定式结构。故填to be。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年1月，嫦娥四号成功登陆月球背面。succeed in doing sth.为固定短语，意为“成功做某事”，故应用动名词作宾语。故填landing。 49．考查名词。句意：然而，中国未来将取得什么样的进步，谁也说不准。此处指“进步”，advance“进步”为可数名词，且此处指“未来各个方面的进步”，故应用advance的复数形式作主语，填advances；或用其名词形式advancement作主语，advancement即可为可数名词，也可为不可数名词，故可填advancement/advancements。故填advances/advancement(s)。 50．考查名词所有格。句意：同上。分析句子可知，guess为名词，前面应为定语成分，所以此处用anybody的名词所有格形式，意为“任何人的”。故填anybody’s。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末） Ancient murals (壁画) are precious records of social, religious, and artistic history across different cultures and times. 51 , these murals often suffer from damage due to environmental exposure and human activities, making their protection and restoration 52 urgent task for the global cultural heritage community. Over the years, digital technology 53 (become) an increasingly important tool in the conservation of murals. The Mural DH dataset, 54 (develop) for the digital restoration of Dunhuang murals, is an example of such technological advancement. It includes over 5,000 clear images of damaged murals, providing a valuable resource for various digital restoration tasks. The restoration process often involves multiple stages 55 the latest AI and image processing technology is used 56 (handle) different aspects, including separating the damage, filling in missing parts, and improving image clarity. The goal is to reconstruct the missing parts of the image in order to match the surrounding art, maintaining 57 (it) original aesthetic (美感). In conclusion, the restoration of ancient murals is an 58 (incredible) challenging task that requires a combination of advanced technology and the craftsmanship spirit. It is a multi-stage process that demands patience, 59 (accurate) and a deep respect for the cultural heritage that these murals represent. Only by combining traditional craftsmanship 60 modern technology can conservators successfully preserve these precious works of art for future generations to appreciate and study. 【答案】51．However 52．an 53．has become 54．developed 55．where 56．to handle 57．its 58．incredibly 59．accuracy 60．with/and 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用数字技术对敦煌壁画进行保护和修复的过程以及面临的挑战 51．考查副词。句意：然而，由于环境暴露和人类活动，这些壁画经常遭受破坏，使其保护和修复成为全球文化遗产界的紧迫任务。根据上下句句意可知，前后是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，应用转折副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 52．考查冠词。句意：然而，由于环境暴露和人类活动，这些壁画经常遭受破坏，使其保护和修复成为全球文化遗产界的紧迫任务。此处泛指“一个紧急任务”，且urgent以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 53．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，数字技术已成为壁画保护中越来越重要的工具。根据时间状语Over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语digital technology为不可数名词，助动词使用has。故填has become。 54．考查非谓语动词。句意：为敦煌壁画的数字修复而开发的壁画DH数据集就是这种技术进步的一个例子。此处修饰The Mural DH dataset，且The Mural DH dataset和develop是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填developed。 55．考查定语从句。句意：修复过程通常包括多个阶段，其中使用最新的人工智能和图像处理技术来处理不同方面，包括分离损坏，填充缺失部分，提高图像清晰度。此处引导定语从句，先行词是stages“阶段”，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：修复过程通常包括多个阶段，其中使用最新的人工智能和图像处理技术来处理不同方面，包括分离损坏，填充缺失部分，提高图像清晰度。固定短语be used to do“被用来做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故填to handle。 57．考查代词。句意：目的是重建图像的缺失部分，以匹配周围的艺术，保持其原有的审美。此处修饰空后original aesthetic，应用形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填its。 58．考查副词。句意：总之，古代壁画的修复是一项非常具有挑战性的任务，需要先进的技术和工匠精神的结合。此处修饰形容词challenging，应用副词incredibly“非常”，作状语。故填incredibly。 59．考查名词。句意：这是一个多阶段的过程，需要耐心、准确和对这些壁画所代表的文化遗产的深刻尊重。由and连接的patience和respect可知，此处应用名词accuracy“准确”，共同作demands的宾语成分。故填accuracy。 60．考查固定短语。句意：只有将传统工艺与现代技术相结合，保护人员才能成功地将这些珍贵的艺术品保存下来，供后人欣赏和研究。固定短语combine…with/and…“将……和……结合”。故填with或and。 Passage 7 （24-25高二上·湖南郴州·阶段练习） Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Our own personal genome carries all the information 61 (need) to make us grow and develop. It also contains information 62 helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of Contracting certain diseases. Geneticists believe genome editing is 63 effective means of disease treatment and prevention and they hope to apply this technology to treat 64 (vary) health problems. With the technology 65 (develop) at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it 66 (appropriate). One day soon genome editing 67 (use) to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to 68 (sharp) all of their senses, etc. However, is this a good thing? What consequences might it have? Philosophers, geneticists and government 69 (official) have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. Despite the public argument over this technology, 70 (it) possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science. 【答案】61．needed 62．that/which 63．an 64．various 65．developing 66．appropriately 67．will be used 68．sharpen 69．officials 70．its 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章揭示了关于基因的奥秘以及其带来的实际用处，同时也引发了哲学家、基因学家以及政府官员对其用处的争论。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们自己的个人基因组携带着使我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。此处need与information构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填needed。 62．考查定语从句。句意：它还包含有助于决定我们的寿命和影响我们感染某些疾病的机会的信息。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或者that引导。故填which或者that。 63．考查冠词。句意：遗传学家认为，基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的有效手段，他们希望将这项技术应用于治疗各种健康问题。设空处置于effective means前，此处泛指“一种有效的手段”，且effective是以元音音素开头单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 64．考查形容词。句意：遗传学家认为，基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的有效手段，他们希望将这项技术应用于治疗各种健康问题。此处修饰名词problems，应用形容词various“各种各样的”，作定语。故填various。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，随着技术的快速发展，如何恰当地使用它的问题也出现了。此处为with的复合结构，即with sb./sth. doing意为“随着……”，句中的technology与develop之间是主动关系且表示进行，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填developing。 66．考查副词。句意：然而，随着技术的快速发展，如何恰当地使用它的问题也出现了。此处修饰动词use，应用副词appropriately“恰当地”。故填appropriately。 67．考查时态语态。句意：不久的将来，基因组编辑将被用于增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，增强他们所有的感官，等等。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文One day soon可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be used。 68．考查动词。句意：不久的将来，基因组编辑将被用于增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，增强他们所有的感官，等等。设空处应该填写动词原形与空前的to构成不定式结构。sharp为形容词，意为“锋利的”，其动词为sharpen意为“使……变锋利（尖锐，清晰）”。故填sharpen。 69．考查名词复数。句意：哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都开始与这些道德问题作斗争。设空处使用名词作主语。official为名词，意为“官员”，根据上文Philosophers, geneticists可知，应用复数形式，作主语。故填officials。 70．考查代词。句意：尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋。此处修饰名词possibilities，应用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填its。 ( 6 / 39 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$