02 Unit 4 语法填空专练(词汇句式全考查100题)--2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第二册)

Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 语法填空专练(词汇句式全考查100题) Ⅰ单句语法填空 1．Workers are working flat out to meet the rise in demand new cars. 【答案】for 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：工人们正在全力以赴地工作以满足对新车需求的增长。demand for固定搭配，意为“对……的需求”，故填for。 2．The term “cardboard city” (coin) to describe communities of homeless people living in cardboard boxes. 【答案】was coined/is coined 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：“纸板城市”一词是用来描述住在纸板箱里的无家可归者的社区。此处在句中作谓语，主语The term “cardboard city”和动词coin(创造)是被动关系，且句子既可以描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，也可以描述一般性客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was/is coined。 3．My parents often urge that I (set) strict demands on myself. 【答案】should set/set 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的父母经常督促我严格要求自己。urge后面的从句使用虚拟语气，即should do，should可以省略，set与主语I是主动关系，应用主动语态。故填should set或set。 4．The vehicle would not have the capacity (make) the journey on one tank of fuel. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一箱燃料不够这辆车行完路程。capacity后用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”，故填to make。 5．We can’t live without the sun which we get heat and light. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：没有太阳我们就不能生存，太阳是我们获得光和热的来源。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，结合句意及常识可知，此处指“从太阳中获得热量和光”，介词应用from，故填from。 6．Early (warn) of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】warning/warnings 【详解】考查名词。句意：水位上升的早期预警阻止了另一场大灾难的发生。此处应用名词warning作主语，表示“警告”，既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，作可数名词时，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式，作不可数名词时，应用原形，故填warning(s)。 7．Good (finance) accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise. 【答案】financial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：好的财务报表对任何企业的成功都是至关重要的。此处修饰名词accounts，应用形容词financial“财务的”，作定语。故填financial。 8．It's (apparent) rare for anyone to have two legs the same length. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，两条腿一样长的人是很少见的。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做状语，使用副词，apparent为形容词，其副词为：apparently，故填apparently。 9．The professor told us that he (leave) for Canada for an important meeting the next Friday. 【答案】would leave/was leaving 【详解】考查时态。句意：教授告诉我们他下星期五要去加拿大参加一个重要的会议。由told可知，整件事描述过去发生的事，且由the next Friday可知，此处表示过去某一时间将要发生的事，应用过去将来时would do，动词leave，come，go等词的过去进行时也可表示过去将来时，主语是he，be动词应用was，故填would leave/was leaving。 10．The area is heavily dependent tourism. 【答案】on 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个地区在很大程度上依靠旅游业。dependent on为固定短语表示“依赖，依靠”，故填on。 11．It would be your advantage to attend this meeting. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：参加这次会议将对您有利。短语be to one's advantage，意为“对某人有好处”，符合句意，故填to。 12．In the past few decades, the increasing use of plastic bags (threat) the ecological balance of our planet. 【答案】has threatened 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，越来越多的塑料袋的使用已经威胁到我们星球的生态平衡。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few decades可知，此处使用现在完成时，threat的动词为threaten意为“威胁”，主语the increasing use为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has threatened。 13．The fingerprint (recognize) system is widely applied in China. 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：指纹识别系统在中国广泛应用。根据空后名词system可知，此处需要一个形容词或名词作定语，修饰system。所给词为动词，是“识别”的意思，其形容词形式应为recognizing，修饰system时相当于现在分词作定语，但此时表示的是正在发生或进行的动作，而本题想表达的并不是系统正在发出识别这个动作，而是说明这个系统的特点或功能，因此不应用recognizing。名词recognition作定语时，可表示被修饰名词的特点或功能。故填recognition。 14．I thought she had retired, but (apparent) she hasn’t. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：我以为她已经退休了，但显然她没有。分析句子可知，空处需要用副词形式，作状语，修饰整个句子she hasn’t，apparent的副词形式是apparently，意为“显然，似乎”。故填apparently。 15．The film Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death features over 200 adorable characters, (commit) to the peace for their motherland. 【答案】committed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电影《志愿军：存亡之战》中有 200 多个可爱的角色，他们致力于为祖国争取和平。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，characters与commit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填committed。 16．He quickly assessed what (alternative) were open to him. 【答案】alternatives 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他很快评估了自己有哪些选择。alternative是可数名词，根据were可知，此处要用复数形式，在what引导的宾语从句中作主语，故填alternatives。 17．His business empire collapsed under a (mass) burden of debt. 【答案】massive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的商业帝国在巨额债务的重压下倒塌了。根据句意及空后名词“burden”可知，空处应用所给词“mass”的形容词形式是massive“巨大的”，作定语修饰名词burden。故填massive。 18． (bury) herself in painting, the little girl was fully immersed in the wonderful world of colors. 【答案】Burying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小女孩埋头画画，完全沉浸于五彩缤纷的美妙世界之中。空处作状语，bury与逻辑主语the little girl之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Burying。 19．One of the (highlight) of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal. 【答案】highlights 【详解】考查名词。句意：这次旅行的亮点之一是参观泰姬陵。设空处为名词的形式做介词宾语，one of +名词复数表示“……之一”。故填highlights。 20．His decision to quit this job was (just), by the poor working conditions and low pay. 【答案】justified 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他辞掉这份工作的决定是合理的，因为工作条件差，工资又低。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，用just的形容词形式justified意为“合乎情理；事出有因”符合语境。故填justified。 21．As a new education form, online education shows more and more importance and (superior). 【答案】superiority 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一种新的教育形式，网络教育越来越显示出其重要性和优越性。空格前面是并列连词and，这里需要名词，和前面的importance一起作宾语。故填superiority。 22．Finally we (conclude) that our plan should be carried out right away. 【答案】concluded 【详解】考查时态。句意：最后，我们得出结论，我们的计划应该立即实施。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和finally可知，此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填concluded。 23．I need (practice) suggestions on how to increase fibre in my daily diet. 【答案】practical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我需要关于如何在日常饮食中增加纤维的切实可行的建议。名词 suggestions 前用形容词修饰。practice的形容词形式为practical，意为“切实可行的”。根据句意，故填practical。 24．I look up to Helen because she is (optimism) about life even in great trouble. 【答案】optimistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我敬仰海伦，因为她即使在困难中也对生活持乐观态度。这里需要形容词optimistic，意为“乐观的”，作表语。故填optimistic。 25． (engage) myself in the local atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”. 【答案】To engage 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了融入当地的氛围， 我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店。空处需要动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了融入当地的氛围”。该空位于句首，首字母大写。故填To engage。 26．In this highly competitive job market, it is not enough to have a university degree, job seekers also need some (practice) experience to stand out. 【答案】practical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这个竞争激烈的就业市场上，光有大学学位是不够的，求职者还需要一些实践经验才能脱颖而出。此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词experience，表示“实践的”应用practical。故填practical。 27．With the theme of reducing food loss and food waste and promoting (globe) food security, the event attracted more than 300 participants. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：以减少食物损失和浪费，并促进全球粮食安全为主题，这次活动吸引了300多名参与者。修饰名词短语food security，用形容词作定语。globe意为“全球”，名词，其形容词形式为global。故填global。 28． (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network because its weight was light and its value was high. 【答案】Initially 【详解】考查副词。句意：最初，丝绸是沿着这条贸易路线出口的主要商品，因为它的重量轻而价值高。空处应用副词形式initially“最初；起初”作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Initially。 29．Nowadays, having already been listed as Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage sugar painting is engaging (it) in the general public entertainment. 【答案】itself 【详解】考查代词。句意：如今，已被列为省级非物质文化遗产的糖画，正在参与到大众的娱乐活动中。此处为短语engage oneself in，表示“参与”。故填itself。 30．Schools award scholarships for high (academy) achievement. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学校为学业成绩优异的学生颁发奖学金。修饰名词achievement，应用形容词academic，故填academic。 31．It is very difficult to the concept of beauty. Do you have a clear of it? (define) 【答案】 define definition 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：很难定义美的概念。你对它有明确的定义吗？第一空，动词不定式符号后应用动词原形define“下定义”；第二空，空处应填名词definition“定义”在句中作宾语。故填①define；②definition。 32．There is no generally accepted (define) of life. 【答案】definition 【详解】考查名词。句意：生命的定义并没有被普遍接受。根据空前的“accepted”可知，此处应填名词在there be句型中作主语，define的名词形式为definition，意为“定义”，符合句意，根据上文“there is(有)”结合限定词no=not a可知空白处应填名词单数。故填definition。 33． (engage) myself in the local industrial atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”, where the coexistence of advanced manufacturing and natural beauty was most evident, as it was situated on the edge of a scenic lake, embraced by a vibrant landscape. 【答案】To engage 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了融入当地的工业氛围，我选择了一家位于“工业园区”的酒店，在这里，先进的制造业与自然美景的共存最为明显，因为它坐落在风景秀丽的湖边，周围环绕着充满活力的景观。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。句首字母大写，故填To engage。 34．Su Shi gives his answer, a very (optimism) one: Change your attitude and stay positive. 【答案】optimistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：Su Shi给出了一个非常乐观的答案：改变你的态度，保持积极的态度。分析句子，设空处使用optimism的形容词optimistic作定语，修饰名词，意为“乐观的”。故填optimistic。 35．They have been and are in their wedding ceremony. ( engage ) 【答案】 engaged engaging 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们订婚了，正在忙着准备婚礼。engage是动词，有“订婚；忙于做”两个意思。如果做“订婚”讲，需要使用被动语态，用法是sb. is engaged；如果做“忙于做某事”讲，用法是 engage in doing。根据句意，空格一是“订婚”的意思，空格二是“忙着做”的意思，根据横线前的 are 判断，这个横线使用了现在进行时，故答案是engaged和engaging。 36．I discovered an addition housework which I had never felt before. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：我发现家务之外还有一种我以前从未有过的感觉。句中in addition to为固定短语，意为“此外”，to是介词。故填to。 37．Mary is engaged preparing her (engage) ceremony. It is said that she engages ten people (help) her. 【答案】 in engagement to help 【详解】考查介词，名词以及不定式。句意：玛丽正忙着准备她的订婚仪式。据说她雇了十个人来帮助她。分析句子，第一空中be engaged in doing sth为固定短语，意为“忙于做某事”；第二空中engagement ceremony为固定短语，意为“订婚仪式”；第三空中engage sb to do sth意为“雇佣某人去做某事”，使用不定式结构，故填to help。故填①in；②engagement；③to help。 38．It is true that many schools have been equipped high-tech teaching facilities. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：的确，许多学校都配备了高科技的教学设施。句中be equipped with为固定短语，意为“装备……；配备……”。故填with。 39．Being annoyed other people easily is harmful to your health. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：容易被别人惹恼对你的健康有害。句中be annoyed with为固定短语，意为“对……感到恼怒”。故填with。 40．Art books are (expense) to produce. 【答案】expensive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：艺术书籍的制作成本很高。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，expense的形容词为expensive意为“昂贵的”符合句意。故填expensive。 Ⅱ. 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西鹰潭·期末） China is promoting the commercial 1 (apply) of intelligent connected vehicles. Up to now, the country 2 (establish) 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles, 16 pilot cities for the coordinated development of smart city infrastructure and intelligent connected vehicles, and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg made a prediction in April 3 Elon Musk would like to test its 4 (full) automated driving technology in China, because the country’s artificial intelligence-powered autonomous-vehicle market is “showing great prospects. ” According to a report 5 (release) by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period, accelerating the large-scale commercial use of self-driving 6 (be) of great importance soon in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 7 , there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving. The report urged to provide safety guarantees for self-driving and integrate it 8 the transportation system; it added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research and development, testing, and operation should be established. In addition, 9 advocates certain policies and regulations should be made to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 10 positive and inclusive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services. 【答案】1．application 2．has established 3．that 4．fully 5．released 6．will be 7．However 8．into 9．it 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国推动智能网联汽车的商业化应用及相关挑战。 1．考查名词。句意：中国正在推动智能网联汽车的商业化应用。本空作is promoting的宾语，用名词application“应用”。故填application。 2．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了7个车联网示范区，16个智慧城市基础设施与智能网联汽车协同发展试点城市，以及17个国家级智能网联汽车测试示范基地。establish“建立”。根据时间状语Up to now可知，本句时态用现在完成时，主语the country为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has established。3．考查同位语从句。句意：4月，彭博社预测，埃隆·马斯克希望在中国测试其全自动驾驶技术，因为中国的人工智能自动驾驶汽车市场“前景广阔”。本空引导同位语从句，对prediction内容进行说明，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，用连接词that引导。故填that。 4．考查副词。句意：4月，彭博社预测，埃隆·马斯克希望在中国测试其全自动驾驶技术，因为中国的人工智能自动驾驶汽车市场“前景广阔”。本空修饰形容词automated，用副词fully“完全地”，作状语。故填fully。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国信息通信研究院在世界互联网大会期间发布的一份报告，加速自动驾驶的大规模商业应用将对于引领汽车产业发展、建立新的国家竞争优势具有重要意义。第六空为句子的谓语，release在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且release“发布”与逻辑主语report构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作后置定语。故填released。 6．考查时态。句意：根据中国信息通信研究院在世界互联网大会期间发布的一份报告，加速自动驾驶的大规模商业应用将对于引领汽车产业发展、建立新的国家竞争优势具有重要意义。根据时间状语soon可知，此处应用一般将来时，谓语用will be。故填will be。 7．考查副词。句意：然而，自动驾驶仍然面临着许多需要克服的挑战。前后句之间为转折关系，且此处修饰句子，应用副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 8．考查介词。句意：该报告敦促为自动驾驶提供安全保障，并将其融入交通系统。表示“把……融入……”用固定短语integrate... into...，本空用介词into，符合题意。故填into。 9．考查代词。句意：此外，它主张制定一定的政策法规，确保自动驾驶的法律保护，建立一种积极包容的社会环境，加快自动驾驶服务的商业化运营。指代前文的report，需用代词it，作主语。 故填it。 10．考查冠词。句意：此外，它主张制定一定的政策法规，确保自动驾驶的法律保护，建立一种积极包容的社会环境，加快自动驾驶服务的商业化运营。此处泛指“一种积极包容的社会环境”，且positive以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末） As the internet advances, having to input a verification code (验证码) when 11 (log) into websites has become unavoidable. Have you ever struggled to distinguish between an ‘I’, an ‘L’ and a ‘l’? 12 have you ever been asked to click on the bus among nine different squares, feeling like you are being treated as a fool? This verification method, including numbers, texts and images, is known as 13 CAPTCHA system, which stands for “Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart”. It checks 14 users are human by giving tasks that are double for people but impossible for bots (机器人程序), which stops scammers (骗子) from using bots 15 (misuse) websites. CAPTCHA sounds completely positive to 16 (human). However, ever since reCAPTCHA, a free CAPTCHA service,   17 (launch) in 2007, people might have been working as “data annotation (标注) laborers” 18 free. The verification helps digitize books, newspapers and old radio shows. For example, reCAPTCHA shows users one word that can be recognized by a 19 (scan) and one word that cannot, such as a distorted (变形的) word from a newspaper. If users get the first word right, the system trusts their answer for the second word. Therefore, by answering verification questions, the user is 20 (manual) transforming paper-copy materials into digital text. 【答案】11．logging 12．Or 13．the 14．whether/if 15．to misuse 16．humans 17．was launched 18．for 19．scanner 20．Manually 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着互联网的发展，登录网站时需要输入验证码已成为不可避免的事情，以及验证码的发展历程和作用。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着互联网的发展，登录网站时必须输入验证码已成为不可避免的事情。when引导时间状语从句，从句中省略了主语和be动词，完整形式为when (you are) logging into websites，you和log之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填logging。 12．考查连词。句意：你是否曾经努力区分过‘I’、‘L’和‘l’？或者你是否曾经被要求在九个不同的方块中点击公交车，感觉自己像个傻瓜？空处前后部分为选择关系，故用连词or，句首单词首字母大写。故填Or。 13．考查冠词。句意：这种包括数字、文本和图像的验证方法被称为验证码系统，代表“全自动区分计算机和人类的图灵测试的缩写。”。system为可数名词，此处特指 “验证码系统”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 14．考查宾语从句。句意：它通过给人们双倍的任务但对机器人不可能完成的任务来检查用户是否是人类，这阻止了骗子使用机器人滥用网站。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，根据语境，此处表示“是否”，需用连接词whether/if 引导。故填whether/if。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：它通过给人们双倍的任务但对机器人不可能完成的任务来检查用户是否是人类，这阻止了骗子使用机器人滥用网站。use sth. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“使用某物去做某事”，空处需用不定式作宾语补足语。故填 to misuse。 16．考查名词。句意：对于人类来说，验证码系统听起来完全是正面的。human为可数名词，此处表泛指应用复数形式。故填humans。 17．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，自从2007年推出免费的验证码服务reCAPTCHA以来，人们可能一直在免费地担任“数据标注劳动者”。空处在从句中作谓语，根据时间状语in 2007可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语reCAPTCHA和launch之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was launched。 18．考查介词。句意：然而，自从2007年推出免费的验证码服务reCAPTCHA以来，人们可能一直在免费地担任“数据标注劳动者”。for free为固定短语，意为“免费”。故填for。 19．考查名词。句意：例如，reCAPTCHA向用户显示一个扫描仪可以识别的单词和一个不能识别的单词，比如报纸上的一个变形单词。不定冠词a后面需加单数可数名词，此处表示“扫描仪”，用名词scanner。故填scanner。 20．考查副词。句意：因此，通过回答验证问题，用户正在手动将纸质材料转换为数字文本。空处修饰动词transforming，需用副词形式，作状语。故填manually。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末） China has remained the world’s largest market for industrial robots for the 11th consecutive year, according to a vice minister at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The statement 21 (make) on Thursday during the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing. The data indicates that in 2023, China’s industrial robot production reached 430,000 sets. Furthermore, the number of the country’s newly added robot installations 22 (account) for more than half of the global market over the past three years, as reported by the Vice Minister Xin Guobin. He further added that after a decade of rapid development, China has risen as a powerful promoter for the 23 (grow) of the global robot industry. Xin pointed out that 24 (remark) progress has been made in the innovation 25 development of China’s robot industry. As of July 2024, China possessed more than 190,000 valid patents related to robots, holding 26 (approximate) two-thirds of the global total. According to Xin, China is deepening the implementation of the “Robot plus Application” plan 27 (enhance) the integration of robots across various industries. The sum of robots per 10,000 workers in Chin's manufacturing sector has increased from 49 to 470 since 2014. The five-day conference in Beijing, 28 started on Wednesday, has witnessed the attendance of 169 enterprises from across the globe including major global players like Tesla and Siasun. The 29 (participate) companies display over 600 robots, 30 more than 60 of them making their world debuts (首次亮相) at the conference. 【答案】 21．was made 22．has accounted 23．growth 24．remarkable 25．and 26．approximately 27．to enhance 28．which 29．participating 30．With 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了据工业和信息化部（MIIT）副部长表示，中国已连续11年保持世界上最大的工业机器人市场。该声明是周四在北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。 21．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一声明是在周四于北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。空格处为谓语动词，make“发表”，是动词，根据Thursday得知句子用一般过去时，且主语statement与动词make之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was made。 22．考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，据副部长辛国斌介绍，在过去三年中，中国新增的机器人安装数量占全球市场的一半以上。空格处为谓语动词，account for“占据”，是动词短语，根据over the past three years得知句子用现在完成时，主语the number表示第三人称单数，故用助动词has。故填has accounted。 23．考查名词。句意：他进一步补充说，经过十年的快速发展，中国已经崛起为全球机器人产业增长的强大推动者。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，此处应用名词，grow是动词“生长”，其名词为growth，不可数。故填growth。 24．考查形容词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。remark“谈论，言论”，是动词或名词，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词progress，其形容词为remarkable“显著的”。故填remarkable。 25．考查连词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。根据句意可知，innovation和development之间是并列关系，故此处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 26．考查副词。句意：截至2024年7月，中国拥有超过19万件与机器人相关的有效专利，占全球总数的约三分之二。approximate“大约的”，是形容词，此处应用副词作状语，副词为approximately“大约地”。故填approximately。 27．考查动词不定式。句意：据辛国斌介绍，中国正在深化“机器人＋应用”计划的实施，以加强机器人与各行业的融合。enhance“加强”，是动词，句子谓语是is deepening，且无连词，故用非谓语，根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to enhance。 28．考查定语从句。句意：自周三在北京举行的为期五天的会议吸引了来自全球各地的169家企业，其中包括特斯拉和新松等全球主要企业。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The five-day conference，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故此处应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。participate意为“参加”，是动词，句子谓语是display，且无连词，故用非谓语， companies与participate之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用participate的现在分词 participating作定语修饰名词companies。故填participating。 30．考查with复合结构。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。此处为with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋现在分词作宾补”，在句中作状语，符合句意。故填with。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末） In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 31 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 32 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 33 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 34 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 35 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 36 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 37 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 38 reality. We 39 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 40 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. 【答案】31．most widespread 32．to grow 33．boosting 34．shortage 35．chemicals 36．which 37．expanded 38．into 39．are convinced 40．That 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水稻在东南亚及中国的重要性及其相关研究。 31．考查形容词最高级。句意：在越南和泰国等大多数东南亚国家，水稻是最广泛种植的谷物。本空修饰名词grain，作定语，且此处表示“最广泛的”，应用形容词最高级形式most widespread。故填most widespread。32．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是第一个种植水稻的国家。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，本空作后置定语，修饰名词country，country和grow“种植”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且country有序数词the first修饰，用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to grow。 33．考查非谓语动词。句意：几百年来，中国人民一直致力于提高这种主要作物的产量。devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，为固定搭配，to是介词，本空用boost“提高”的动名词形式。故填boosting。 34．考查名词。句意：例如，为了解决水资源短缺的危机，我国政府呼吁市民减少用水量。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词shortage“短缺”，不可数名词。故填shortage。 35．考查名词的数。句意：然后里面的化学物质帮助云产生雨水。chemical“化学物质”为可数名词，根据谓语动词help可知，主语为复数，本空用名词复数chemicals。故填chemicals。 36．考查定语从句。句意：至于我们的科学家，他们研究各种稻米的特点，以开发一些优良的稻米，其中一些稻米产量高，富含营养和矿物质，甚至可以在盐碱地种植。some of _____ may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ones，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。此处为with复合结构，且people’s efforts与expand“扩大”为被动关系，用过去分词，作宾补。故填expanded。 38．考查固定短语。句意：随着人们努力的范围被扩大到更多方面，农业中的许多困难已被克服，一些愿景已变为现实。turn... into...“把……变成……”，为固定短语，本空用介词into，符合题意。故填into。 39．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：我们相信水稻可以推广到世界上更多的国家。本空为句子谓语，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语We和convince“使确信，使信服”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are convinced。 40．考查主语从句。句意：最后，我们能在沙漠中种植水稻已不再是假设，但我们还有很长的路要走。_____ we can grow rice in deserts为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 Passage 5 （24-25高二上·山西晋城·期末） A new, small robotic camera designed to be swallowed for use in medical examinations was 41 (recent) demonstrated at a conference in Canada. The device called PillBot can be guided through a body remotely, meaning electronically from outside. Its creators hope the device will replace traditional endoscopies (内窥镜检查). An endoscopy is when a camera attached to a wire is directed down the throat and into a sleeping 42 (patient) stomach. The PillBot is designed to be the first motorized endoscopic camera. Here 43 (be)how developers say it works: A patient does not eat for one day, then swallows the PillBot with lots of water. The PillBot acts like 44 small submarine (潜艇) controlled by a wireless remote control. When the exam is completed, the body will expel (排出) the PillBot 45 the same way it expels other solid waste. Dr. Vivek Kumbhari is co-founder of the company. It is the latest step towards his larger goal of 46 (make) complex medicine more accessible. If endoscopies can 47 (move) from a hospital setting to a patient’s home, he said. “then I think we have achieved that goal.” The device provides “a safer, 48 (comfortable)approach,” he added. Alex Luebke is the co-founder of Endiatx. He said the PillBot can help people in rural areas 49 medical centres and treatment are lacking. The micro-robotic pill is undergoing testing. If 50 (approve), the PillBot could be available by 2026. 【答案】41．recently 42．patient’s 43．is 44．a 45．in 46．making 47．be moved 48．more comfortable 49．where 50．Approved 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最近在加拿大的一次会议上展示了一种新型的小型机器人相机，该相机可吞咽用于医学检查。 41．考查副词。句意：最近在加拿大的一次会议上展示了一种新的小型机器人相机，其设计用于吞咽进行医学检查。空处修饰动词demonstrated，应用副词形式recently作状语。故填recently。 42．考查名词所有格。句意：内窥镜是指连接在电线上的摄像头被引导到喉咙，进入睡眠患者的胃部。结合语意可知，此处表示“患者的”，需用名词的所有格形式patient’s。故填patient’s。 43．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：开发人员说它是这样工作的：患者一天不吃东西，然后吞下装有大量水的PillBot。根据句中say和works可知，句子使用一般现在时，且本句使用完全倒装结构，how引导从句作主语，be动词使用is。故填is。 44．考查冠词。句意：PillBot就像一艘由无线遥控器控制的小型潜艇。结合语意可知，此处表示一艘小型潜艇，空处应用不定冠词，且small是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 45．考查介词。句意：当检查完成后，身体会排出PillBot，就像排出其他固体废物一样。in the same way是固定短语，表示“用相同的方式”，符合题意。故填in。 46．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是他朝着使复杂医学更容易获得这一更大目标迈出的最新一步。空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式making。故填making。 47．考查被动语态。句意：他说：“如果内窥镜可以从医院转移到患者家中，那么我认为我们已经实现了这一目标。”move与主语endoscopies之间是被动关系，且情态动词can后接动词原形形式，即can be moved。故填be moved。 48．考查比较级。句意：他补充说，该设备提供了“一种更安全、更舒适的方法”。空处与safer并列，表示更舒适的方法，所以空处应用形容词的比较级形式more comfortable。故填more comfortable。 49．考查定语从句。句意：他说，PillBot可以帮助缺乏医疗中心和治疗的农村地区的人们。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rural areas，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 50．考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果获得批准，PillBot可能会在2026年上市。if条件句中，主语与主句主语the PillBot一致，且approved与主语the PillBot之间是被动关系，即be approved，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的主语和be动词可省略。故填approved。 Passage 6 （24-25高三上·湖南邵阳·期末） In addition to a traditional guide dog, the visually impaired (视障人士) will soon have another option 51 (aid) with their daily life — a robot guide dog. The six-legged robot guide dog developed by the School of Mechanical Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, now 52 (test), can navigate users to destinations without running into barriers. It is equipped with voice interaction capabilities and can recognize traffic light signals, 53 traditional guide dogs cannot do. According to data from the China Association of Persons with Visual Disabilities, there are 54 (current) about 17.31 million visually impaired people in China. They face diverse inconveniences and demand 55 (assist) for daily routines. Guide dogs are important life partners 56 not everyone is lucky enough to have a traditional companion. There are only about 400 guide dogs in China. People have to wait for a long time after applying 57 a guide dog. 58 (define) as a type of navigation robot, research in robot guide dogs 59 (date) back to June 2021, when the robots were developed and expected to serve the visually impaired in daily trips and travel at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. China’s walking robots 60 (develop) in recent years. Their basic components can now be produced at good quality and a low price. 【答案】51．to aid 52．being tested 53．which 54．currently 55．assistance 56．but 57．for 58．Defined 59．dates 60．have developed/ have been developing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海交通大学机械工程学院研发的机器人导盲犬。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了传统的导盲犬，视障人士很快将有另一种选择来帮助他们的日常生活——机器人导盲犬。句子谓语动词为will have，空处应用非谓语动词，名词option后面应该用不定式作定语，表示“……的选择”。故填to aid。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：由上海交通大学机械工程学院研发的六腿机器人导盲犬目前正在测试中，它可以引导用户到达目的地而不会遇到障碍。句子的谓语动词为can navigate，空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词test与句子的主语The six-legged robot guide dog之间是被动关系，且由now可知表示正在进行的动作，应该用being done形式作状语。故填being tested。 53．考查定语从句。句意：它配备了语音交互功能，可以识别交通灯信号，这是传统导盲犬无法做到的。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对上文的内容进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故填which。 54．考查副词。句意：根据中国视障人士协会的数据，目前中国约有1731万视障人士。空格处在从句中作时间状语，应该用副词currently，表示“目前”。故填currently。 55．考查名词。句意：他们面临着各种各样的不便，在日常生活中需要帮助。根据空格前的动词demand可知，空格处应该用不可数名词assistance“帮助”作宾语。故填assistance。 56．考查连词。句意：导盲犬是重要的生活伴侣，但并不是每个人都有幸拥有一只传统的伴侣。空格前后的内容是转折关系，所以应该用转折连词but连接。故填but。 57．考查介词。句意：申请导盲犬后，人们必须等待很长时间。apply for“申请”是固定搭配。故填for。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：机器人导盲犬被定义为一种导航机器人，其研究可以追溯到2021年6月，当时机器人被开发出来，预计将在日常出行和2022年北京冬奥会期间为视障人士提供服务。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词define与逻辑主语robot guide dogs之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词defined作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Defined。 59．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：机器人导盲犬被定义为一种导航机器人，其研究可以追溯到2021年6月，当时机器人被开发出来，预计将在日常出行和2022年北京冬奥会期间为视障人士提供服务。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述客观情况用一般现在时，主语research in robot guide dogs是单数形式，谓语动词用三单形式。故填dates。 60．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的步行机器人近年来一直在发展。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语robots是复数形式，助动词用have。故填have developed/ have been developing。 ( 17 / 17 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 语法填空专练(词汇句式全考查100题) Ⅰ单句语法填空 1．Workers are working flat out to meet the rise in demand new cars. 2．The term “cardboard city” (coin) to describe communities of homeless people living in cardboard boxes. 3．My parents often urge that I (set) strict demands on myself. 4．The vehicle would not have the capacity (make) the journey on one tank of fuel. 5．We can’t live without the sun which we get heat and light. 6．Early (warn) of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Good (finance) accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise. 8．It's (apparent) rare for anyone to have two legs the same length. 9．The professor told us that he (leave) for Canada for an important meeting the next Friday. 10．The area is heavily dependent tourism. 11．It would be your advantage to attend this meeting. 12．In the past few decades, the increasing use of plastic bags (threat) the ecological balance of our planet. 13．The fingerprint (recognize) system is widely applied in China. 14．I thought she had retired, but (apparent) she hasn’t. 15．The film Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death features over 200 adorable characters, (commit) to the peace for their motherland. 16．He quickly assessed what (alternative) were open to him. 17．His business empire collapsed under a (mass) burden of debt. 18． (bury) herself in painting, the little girl was fully immersed in the wonderful world of colors. 19．One of the (highlight) of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal. 20．His decision to quit this job was (just), by the poor working conditions and low pay. 21．As a new education form, online education shows more and more importance and (superior). 22．Finally we (conclude) that our plan should be carried out right away. 23．I need (practice) suggestions on how to increase fibre in my daily diet. 24．I look up to Helen because she is (optimism) about life even in great trouble. 25． (engage) myself in the local atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”. 26．In this highly competitive job market, it is not enough to have a university degree, job seekers also need some (practice) experience to stand out. 27．With the theme of reducing food loss and food waste and promoting (globe) food security, the event attracted more than 300 participants. 28． (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network because its weight was light and its value was high. 29．Nowadays, having already been listed as Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage sugar painting is engaging (it) in the general public entertainment. 30．Schools award scholarships for high (academy) achievement. 31．It is very difficult to the concept of beauty. Do you have a clear of it? (define) 32．There is no generally accepted (define) of life. 33． (engage) myself in the local industrial atmosphere, I chose a hotel in the “industrial park”, where the coexistence of advanced manufacturing and natural beauty was most evident, as it was situated on the edge of a scenic lake, embraced by a vibrant landscape. 34．Su Shi gives his answer, a very (optimism) one: Change your attitude and stay positive. 35．They have been and are in their wedding ceremony. ( engage ) 36．I discovered an addition housework which I had never felt before. 37．Mary is engaged preparing her (engage) ceremony. It is said that she engages ten people (help) her. 38．It is true that many schools have been equipped high-tech teaching facilities. 39．Being annoyed other people easily is harmful to your health. 40．Art books are (expense) to produce. Ⅱ. 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西鹰潭·期末） China is promoting the commercial 1 (apply) of intelligent connected vehicles. Up to now, the country 2 (establish) 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles, 16 pilot cities for the coordinated development of smart city infrastructure and intelligent connected vehicles, and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg made a prediction in April 3 Elon Musk would like to test its 4 (full) automated driving technology in China, because the country’s artificial intelligence-powered autonomous-vehicle market is “showing great prospects. ” According to a report 5 (release) by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period, accelerating the large-scale commercial use of self-driving 6 (be) of great importance soon in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 7 , there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving. The report urged to provide safety guarantees for self-driving and integrate it 8 the transportation system; it added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research and development, testing, and operation should be established. In addition, 9 advocates certain policies and regulations should be made to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 10 positive and inclusive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末） As the internet advances, having to input a verification code (验证码) when 11 (log) into websites has become unavoidable. Have you ever struggled to distinguish between an ‘I’, an ‘L’ and a ‘l’? 12 have you ever been asked to click on the bus among nine different squares, feeling like you are being treated as a fool? This verification method, including numbers, texts and images, is known as 13 CAPTCHA system, which stands for “Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart”. It checks 14 users are human by giving tasks that are double for people but impossible for bots (机器人程序), which stops scammers (骗子) from using bots 15 (misuse) websites. CAPTCHA sounds completely positive to 16 (human). However, ever since reCAPTCHA, a free CAPTCHA service,   17 (launch) in 2007, people might have been working as “data annotation (标注) laborers” 18 free. The verification helps digitize books, newspapers and old radio shows. For example, reCAPTCHA shows users one word that can be recognized by a 19 (scan) and one word that cannot, such as a distorted (变形的) word from a newspaper. If users get the first word right, the system trusts their answer for the second word. Therefore, by answering verification questions, the user is 20 (manual) transforming paper-copy materials into digital text. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末） China has remained the world’s largest market for industrial robots for the 11th consecutive year, according to a vice minister at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The statement 21 (make) on Thursday during the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing. The data indicates that in 2023, China’s industrial robot production reached 430,000 sets. Furthermore, the number of the country’s newly added robot installations 22 (account) for more than half of the global market over the past three years, as reported by the Vice Minister Xin Guobin. He further added that after a decade of rapid development, China has risen as a powerful promoter for the 23 (grow) of the global robot industry. Xin pointed out that 24 (remark) progress has been made in the innovation 25 development of China’s robot industry. As of July 2024, China possessed more than 190,000 valid patents related to robots, holding 26 (approximate) two-thirds of the global total. According to Xin, China is deepening the implementation of the “Robot plus Application” plan 27 (enhance) the integration of robots across various industries. The sum of robots per 10,000 workers in Chin's manufacturing sector has increased from 49 to 470 since 2014. The five-day conference in Beijing, 28 started on Wednesday, has witnessed the attendance of 169 enterprises from across the globe including major global players like Tesla and Siasun. The 29 (participate) companies display over 600 robots, 30 more than 60 of them making their world debuts (首次亮相) at the conference. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期末） In the majority of southeastern Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand, rice is the 31 (widespread) grain. China is the first country 32 (grow) rice. Chinese people have devoted themselves to 33 (boost) this essential crop for centuries. To feed the large population, Chinese people work together to make sure that rice is grown well. For instance, in order to tackle the crisis of water 34 (short), our government calls on citizens to reduce water consumption. They also carry out artificial rainfalls in which a special device is sent into the sky and explodes like a bomb. Then the 35 (chemical) inside help generate rain from clouds. As for our scientists, they research on characteristics of various rice grains to develop some excellent ones, some of 36 may have high output, be rich in nutrition and minerals, or even be grown in salty soil. With people’s efforts 37 (expand) to more aspects, lots of difficulties in farming have been overcome and some visions have been turned 38 reality. We 39 (convince) that rice can be extended to more countries in the world. In closing, 40 we can grow rice in deserts is no longer an assumption, but there is still a long way for us to go. Passage 5 （24-25高二上·山西晋城·期末） A new, small robotic camera designed to be swallowed for use in medical examinations was 41 (recent) demonstrated at a conference in Canada. The device called PillBot can be guided through a body remotely, meaning electronically from outside. Its creators hope the device will replace traditional endoscopies (内窥镜检查). An endoscopy is when a camera attached to a wire is directed down the throat and into a sleeping 42 (patient) stomach. The PillBot is designed to be the first motorized endoscopic camera. Here 43 (be)how developers say it works: A patient does not eat for one day, then swallows the PillBot with lots of water. The PillBot acts like 44 small submarine (潜艇) controlled by a wireless remote control. When the exam is completed, the body will expel (排出) the PillBot 45 the same way it expels other solid waste. Dr. Vivek Kumbhari is co-founder of the company. It is the latest step towards his larger goal of 46 (make) complex medicine more accessible. If endoscopies can 47 (move) from a hospital setting to a patient’s home, he said. “then I think we have achieved that goal.” The device provides “a safer, 48 (comfortable)approach,” he added. Alex Luebke is the co-founder of Endiatx. He said the PillBot can help people in rural areas 49 medical centres and treatment are lacking. The micro-robotic pill is undergoing testing. If 50 (approve), the PillBot could be available by 2026. Passage 6 （24-25高三上·湖南邵阳·期末） In addition to a traditional guide dog, the visually impaired (视障人士) will soon have another option 51 (aid) with their daily life — a robot guide dog. The six-legged robot guide dog developed by the School of Mechanical Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, now 52 (test), can navigate users to destinations without running into barriers. It is equipped with voice interaction capabilities and can recognize traffic light signals, 53 traditional guide dogs cannot do. According to data from the China Association of Persons with Visual Disabilities, there are 54 (current) about 17.31 million visually impaired people in China. They face diverse inconveniences and demand 55 (assist) for daily routines. Guide dogs are important life partners 56 not everyone is lucky enough to have a traditional companion. There are only about 400 guide dogs in China. People have to wait for a long time after applying 57 a guide dog. 58 (define) as a type of navigation robot, research in robot guide dogs 59 (date) back to June 2021, when the robots were developed and expected to serve the visually impaired in daily trips and travel at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. China’s walking robots 60 (develop) in recent years. Their basic components can now be produced at good quality and a low price. ( 6 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$