Unit 3 Back to the past【单元卷•考点卷】(单词短语句型语法)-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记•巧练（译林版2020选择必修第三册）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 Back to the past 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．Last mouth, part of Southeast Asia   (strike) by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering now. 【答案】was struck 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受了洪水袭击，人们现在仍在遭受洪水的影响。这里考查谓语动词，主语part of Southeast Asia，为第三人称单数形式，与strike为被动关系，且由Last mouth可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填was struck。 2．Hawaii is a perfect (set) for romance with its pleasant climate and breathtaking scenery. 【答案】setting 【详解】考查名词。句意：夏威夷以其宜人的气候和令人惊叹的风景成为浪漫的完美地点。分析句子可知，空处作表语，其前有冠词a，需要名词，结合句意应用setting表示“环境，地点”。故填setting。 3．I tried to convince myself the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我试图说服自己，问题出在问题本身，而不是我。此处为宾语从句的引导词，从句句意完整、成分齐全，不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 4．They found plenty of things to be delighted with, but nothing to be astonished ． 【答案】at/by 【详解】考查介词。句意：他们发现了许多令人高兴的事情，但没有什么令人惊讶的。根据空格前的astonished可知，此处用介词at/by构成固定搭配be astonished at/by表示“对……感到惊讶”。故填at/by。 5．The length of this box is twice its (broad). 【答案】breadth 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个盒子的长度是它的宽度的两倍。根据“The length of this box”可知，此处是指盒子的宽度，所以应用名词breadth表示“宽度”。“A+be动词+倍数+the size/height/length/width...+of+B”意为“A正好是B的多少倍”。故填breadth。 6．He is remembered a man who inspired a generation with hope. 【答案】as 【详解】考查介词。句意：他作为一个激励了一代人梦想的人而为大众所铭记。结合句意及空前的He is remembered可知应填介词as，be remembered as意为“作为……被铭记”。故填as。 7．A number of local people have been arrested for trying to stop trucks loaded logs. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：一些当地人因试图阻止装载原木的卡车而被捕。结合句意及空前的loaded可知此处应填介词with，be loaded with意为“装载；装满”，固定搭配，loaded with logs为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词trucks。故填with。 8．A (harmony) relationship is built on trust, understanding, and working together to solve problems peacefully. 【答案】harmonious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：和谐的关系建立在信任、理解和共同努力和平解决问题的基础上。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，harmonious，表“和谐的”，符合句意。故填harmonious。 9．The security system of the company (strength) in the past few months. 【答案】has been strengthened 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：公司的安保系统在过去的几个月里得到了加强。设空处使用动词作谓语，strength的动词为strengthen。根据时间状语in the past few months，句子使用现在完成时态。而主语the security system of the company与动词strengthen之间是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态，主谓一致。故填has been strengthened。 10．When you feel (panic), you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself. 【答案】panicked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你感到恐慌时，你最好深呼吸，试着放松自己。空处用形容词作表语，表示“感到惊慌的”，故填panicked。 11．The company’s innovative products are (influence) in nature, shaping industry trends. 【答案】influential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该公司的创新产品本质上具有影响力，引领着行业趋势。此句中 “are” 为系动词，句子结构为主系表，所以空格处需要一个形容词作表语；所给词 “influence” 常见词性为名词（影响；作用）和动词（影响；对…… 起作用），其形容词形式为 “influential”，意为 “有影响力的；有势力的”，符合语境。故填influential。 12．The designer aimed to make the living room a (harmony) mix of modern and traditional elements. 【答案】harmonious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：设计师的目的是使客厅成为现代与传统元素的和谐结合。此处修饰名词mix，应用形容词harmonious“和谐的”，作定语。故填harmonious。 13． (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. 【答案】Loaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：船队载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等珍品，先后对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语be loaded with意为“装载着”，load和the fleet逻辑上是被动关系，因此用load的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Loaded。 14．What (astonish) me was that the situation changed dramatically. 【答案】astonished 【详解】考查时态。句意：令我吃惊的是情况发生了巨大的变化。空格处是what引导的主语从句的谓语动词，由下文的was和changed可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填astonished。 15．The ban cigarette smoking inside public buildings has now been enforced for over 2 years. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：公共建筑内禁止吸烟的规定已经实施了两年多了。ban on sth.是固定搭配，意为“关于某事的禁令”。故填on。 16．It (acknowledge) that it is human activity that has caused global warming. 【答案】is acknowledged 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：众所周知，是人类活动导致了全球变暖。此处考查固定句型 It is + 过去分词 + that...，表示 “人们公认……；据认为……”，acknowledge 与 It 之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态形式，结合语境可知用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is acknowledged。 17．There isn’t a (short) of carrots, so everybody doesn’t bother to grow them in their gardens. 【答案】shortage 【详解】考查名词。句意：胡萝卜并不短缺，所以每个人都懒得在自己的花园里种胡萝卜。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词shortage，a shortage of为固定搭配，意为“短缺”。故填shortage。 18．The boy insisted that he (be) old enough, and (give) the right to make his own choice. 【答案】 was should be given/be given 【详解】考查动词时态、主谓一致及虚拟语气。句意：这个男孩坚称他年纪已经足够大，应该有做出自己的选择的权利了。insist表示“坚持认为”时，其后宾语从句不用虚拟语气，第一空的时态应和“insisted”保持一致，用一般过去时，主语为he，be动词应用was；insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可省略，give“给”和主语he之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填①was；②(should) be given。 19．Any experience can teach and (strong) you, particularly the more difficult ones. 【答案】strengthen 【详解】考查动词。句意：任何经历都能让你学到东西并使你变得更强大，特别是那些比较困难的经历。空格处需要一个动词原形与teach一起放在情态动词can后面，作并列谓语动词，所给词strength为名词，其动词拼写为strengthen，意为“使变强大，加强”，符合句意。故填strengthen。 20．The loss of big trees was the greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water (short). 【答案】shortage 【详解】考查名词。句意：在树木缺水最严重的地区，大树的损失最为严重。分析句子结构，所填词在句中作suffered的宾语，应用名词；short是形容词，名词形式为shortage，意思为“缺少，短缺”，此处用作不可数名词，故填shortage。 21．She claims she was unfairly (dismiss) from her post. 【答案】dismissed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：她声称自己被不公平地解雇了。dismiss与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，与空前was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填dismissed。 22．The widely scientist received a medal in of his outstanding contributions to the field of science. (acknowledge) 【答案】 acknowledged acknowledgement 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：这位受到广泛认可的科学家获得了一枚奖章，以表彰他对科学领域的杰出贡献。acknowledge和scientist之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作定语；第二空作in的宾语，结合of可知应用名词acknowledgement。故填①acknowledged；②acknowledgement。 23．Historically, Chinese silk made its way to Rome even before the beginning of the Common Era (时代). The Silk Road (facilitate) the exchange of Chinese culture with the West, while Western culture found its way to the East. 【答案】facilitated 【详解】考查时态。句意：从历史上看，中国的丝绸甚至在公元纪年开始之前就已经传到了罗马。丝绸之路促进了中国文化与西方文化的交流，同时西方文化也找到了通往东方的道路。facilitate(促进，推动)为谓语动词，根据语境和分句谓语made可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填facilitated。 24．When we arrived in the deep night, we found there was no food (availability) as all the shops were shut. 【答案】available 【详解】查形容词。句意：当我们深夜到达时，我们发现没有食物，因为所有的商店都关门了。空处需填入提示词的形容词形式以修饰名词food，availability的形容词形式是available。作后置定语。故填available。 25．Parallelism as a device is the use of expressions, clauses or sentences that are similar in their structure. (literature) 【答案】literary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：平行是一种文学手法，指的是使用结构相似的短语、分句或句子。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，literature的形容词形式是literary意为“文学的”。故填literary。 26．Liberty means responsibility. That is most men dread it. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：自由意味着责任。这就是为什么大多数人害怕它的原因。“That is why…”意为“这就是为什么……”，是固定句型，用连接副词why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 27．The biggest question is will take charge of the company. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最大的问题是谁来管理公司。空处引导名词性从句作主句的表语，表语从句缺少主语，结合“take charge of the company”可知，主语指人，应用连接代词who作引导词。故填who。 28．The only reason for my coming is I hoped to see you again. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我来这里的唯一原因是我希望再次见到你。“ I hoped to see you again.”是表语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用连接词that引导，that在名词性从句中无实义，不充当句子成分。故填that。 29．The trouble was we could manage it ourselves or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们自己能否处理好这件事。空处引导名词性从句作主句的表语，表语从句的成分完整，结合“or not”可知，应用连接词whether作引导词，表示“是否”，whether… or not是固定句式。故填whether。 30．She looks she were ill. 【答案】as if/as though 【详解】考查连词。句意：她看起来好像生病了。系动词looks后是表语从句，从句中使用了虚拟语气，表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，表示“好像”的情况，应用as if/as though引导该从句。故填as if/as though。 31．In making a (compare), we found that this method is cost-effective. 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：通过比较，我们发现这种方法是划算的。空处作making的宾语，compare的名词形式comparison符合题意，意为“比较”，且空前有不定冠词a，comparison应用单数形式。故填comparison。 32．The theater (pack) with movie-goers yesterday. 【答案】was packed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：昨天这家影院挤满了观众。根据时间状语yesterday可知，本句描述的是过去的情况，因此时态使用一般过去时；且主语The theater与动词pack“挤满”之间是被动关系，因此需要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was packed。 33．This building is a good example of Thai (architect). 【答案】architecture 【详解】考查名词。句意：这座建筑是泰国建筑的一个好例子。根据句意和句子结构，所填词应为名词形式，表示“建筑”这一概念。故填architecture。 34．We (campaign) against whaling in the past few decades. 【答案】have campaigned 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，我们一直在反对捕鲸。根据句意和时间状语“in the past few decades”可知，应用现在完成时时态。动词campaign的过去分词是campaigned。主语复数，谓语复数。故填have campaigned。 35．When the young athlete stepped onto the track, his heart was pounding (violent). However, he took a deep breath and then ran forward, chasing his dream with unwavering determination. 【答案】violently 【详解】考查副词。句意：当这位年轻的运动员踏上跑道时，他的心跳得很剧烈。不过，他深吸了一口气，然后向前跑去，怀着坚定不移的决心追逐着自己的梦想。根据空前pounding可知，此处需用副词来修饰动词pounding，形容词violent的副词形式为violently，意为 “剧烈的，猛烈地”，描述这位年轻运动员心跳得很剧烈的状态，符合语境要求。故填violently。 36．I (freeze) with terror as the door slowly opened. 【答案】froze 【详解】考查时态。句意：门慢慢打开时，我吓得僵住了。根据后文opened可知为一般过去时。故填froze。 37．He was (dress) as a woman. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他装扮成一个女人。根据句意和语法结构，设空处应填非谓语动词的过去分词形式dressed，表示被动状态，dress与主语He是被动关系。be dressed as表示“打扮成”。故填dressed。 38．I have got a (horror) feeling she lied to us. 【答案】horrible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我有一种糟糕的感觉，她对我们撒谎了。此处用形容词horrible“可怕的，讨厌的，糟糕的”，作前置定语，修饰名词feeling。故填horrible。 39．A (violently) impact hurtled her forward. 【答案】violent 【详解】考查形容词的用法。句意：一个猛烈的冲击将她向前推。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“impact”，表示冲击的性质。根据句子结构，应填所给副词“violently”的形容词形式“violent”，表示“猛烈的”或“暴力的”。故填“violent”。 40．He lost a lot of (bleed) in the accident. 【答案】blood 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在那次事故中失了很多血。提示词作宾语，用名词blood，意为“血，血液”，不可数名词。故填blood。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．All of us should be optimistic and c ourselves of a better life in the future. 【答案】convince/onvince 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们所有人都应该乐观，并且相信自己会在未来拥有更好的生活。根据首字母提示“c”及句意可知，此处应填动词convince，意为“使确信”，空处与空前“be optimistic”并列位于情态动词should后，应用动词原形。故填convince。 2．The book reveals the (本质，精髓) of American innovation. 【答案】essence 【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书揭示了美国创新的本质。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“本质，精髓”应为essence，且为不可数名词。故填essence。 3．These three (志趣相投的) people set up the gallery. 【答案】like-minded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些志趣相投的人建立了画廊。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰people，需要形容词，结合所给汉语提示，应用like-minded表示“志趣相投的”。故填like-minded。 4．They (闲逛，漫步) back towards their home. 【答案】wandered 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们溜达着回家去了。此处为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“闲逛，漫步”应为wander，结合句意，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词使用动词过去式。故填wandered。 5．You didn’t return her calls, so she called your roommate, who (惊慌)and called me. 【答案】panicked 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：你没有回她的电话，所以她打电话给你的室友，你的室友惊慌失措地打电话给我。根据语境，描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时。动词“惊慌”英文为panic，其过去式为panicked，故填panicked。 6．The weather was terrible but we carried on with the work r . 【答案】regardless/egardless 【详解】考查副词。句意：天气很糟糕，但无论如何我们还是继续工作。根据首字母提示和The weather was terrible but we carried on with the work可知，这里表示虽然天气糟糕，但无论如何我们还是继续工作。regardless意为“不加理会，无论如何”，为副词，修饰谓语。故填regardless。 7．He was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a h relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. 【答案】harmonious/armonious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他乐于退出社会生活，在宁静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填harmonious，表“和谐的”，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词relationship 。故填harmonious。 8．By s his core muscles, the athlete significantly improved his performance on the field. 【答案】strengthening/trengthening 【详解】考查动词。句意：通过加强他的核心肌肉，运动员显著提高了他在场上的表现。根据单词首字母以及his core muscles可知，应用动词strengthen，作介词By的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填strengthening。 9．The fingerprints on the window were (证据，n.) that someone had broken in. 【答案】evidence/proofs 【详解】考查名词。句意：窗户上的指纹表明有人闯入了。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“证据”应填名词evidence或proof，作表语，evidence为不可数名词，用原形，proof为可数名词，用复数形式。故填evidence/proofs。 10．There was a s of food after the flood, making it difficult for families to find enough to eat. 【答案】shortage/hortage 【详解】考查名词。句意：洪水过后食物短缺，家家户户都很难找到足够的食物。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应用名词shortage“缺乏”，作主语，空前有不定冠词a，应用单数形式，a shortage of“缺乏”。故填shortage。 11．It is universally a that Internet plays a crucial role in modern society. 【答案】acknowledged/cknowledged 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：普遍认为互联网在现代社会中发挥着至关重要的作用。结合句意以及首字母a可知，动词acknowledge“承认”符合句意；It作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正主语，与acknowledge之间为被动关系，前有is，设空处填过去分词形式，构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填acknowledged。 12．Jim (坚持认为) that the book Mr. Black referred to was worth reading. 【答案】insisted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：吉姆坚持认为布莱克先生提到的那本书值得一读。根据汉语提示“坚持认为”可知，此处为动词insist，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填insisted。 13．The couple (收养) a child, who quickly adapted to the new life and has brought much joy to them. 【答案】adopted 【详解】考查动词。句意：这对夫妇收养了一个孩子，孩子很快适应了新的生活，给他们带来了很多快乐。根据汉语提示可知，空格处应该用动词adopt作谓语；由句中的adapted可知，描述过去发生的事应该用一般过去时。故填adopted。 14．He is a (队长) who leads by example, and therefore well-respected. 【答案】captain 【详解】考查名词。句意：他是一位以身作则的队长，因此备受尊敬。“队长”是captain，空前有a，空格处用单数，作表语。故填captain。 15．On hearing the explosion, the crowd fled (逃) in all directions in p . 【答案】panic/anic 【详解】考查名词。句意：一听到爆炸声，人群惊慌失措地四散奔逃。本空用名词panic“惊恐，惊慌”，作in的宾语，in panic固定搭配，意为“惊慌地”。故填panic。　 16．The company is trying to find the source of the oil (泄露). 【答案】leak 【详解】考查名词。句意：公司正在尝试找出石油泄露的原因。“泄露” 应为 leak，名词作宾语，oil leak即 “石油泄露”，故填leak。 17．Kids engaged with drama show greater l (文学的) ability. 【答案】literary/iterary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：参与戏剧的孩子表现出更强的文学能力。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词literary，修饰名词ability，作定语。故填literary。 18．The report is (可用的) online for users worldwide to download the information easily. 【答案】available 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全球用户可在网上方便地下载该报告的信息。根据汉语提示和空格前的is可知，空格处应该用形容词available作表语。故填available。 19．Modern inventions and hi-tech gadgets f (使便利) housework in many ways. 【答案】facilitate/acilitate 【详解】考查动词。句意：现代发明和高科技小工具在许多方面使家务变得方便。根据首字母和汉语提示“使便利”可知，本空用动词facilitate，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Modern inventions and hi-tech gadgets为复数，谓语用动词原形。故填facilitate。 20．They want unlimited resources to be a to everyone, at any time, no matter the cost. 【答案】available/vailable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们希望每个人都能在任何时候，不计成本地获得无限的资源。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用形容词available，作表语。故填available。 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．他被公认为世界上最伟大的建筑师之一。 He one of the world’s greatest architectures. 【答案】 is widely acknowledged as 【详解】考查短语和时态。根据中文提示可知，表示“被公认为”应用be widely acknowledged as，为固定搭配，其中widely表“广泛地”，为副词，在本句中作状语。且时态可为一般现在时表客观情况，主语He为第三人称单数形式。故填is widely acknowledged as。 2．正是因为这个原因，我们应该在在线学习时严格要求自己。（强调句型） It is we should make strict demands on ourselves while learning online. 【答案】for this/the reason that 【详解】考查强调句。表示“因为这个原因”应用for this/the reason，此处对原因状语进行强调，强调句的基本句型是：It is+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分。故填for this/the reason that。 3．人们公认女性在运动中起重要作用。 It is widely that women play an important part in sports. 【答案】recognized/acknowledged/accepted/considered 【详解】考查动词。空处表示“承认、认为”，使用动词recognize/acknowledge/accept/consider，结合is可知此处是一般现在时的被动语态，空处使用过去分词，故填recognized/acknowledged/accepted/considered。 4．我突然想起我把家庭作业忘在教室里了。 I had left my homework in the classroom.(strike) 【答案】It struck me that 【详解】考查固定句型。根据汉语，表示“某人想起某事”应为“it struck sb that+从句”结构，其中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语，根据句意和从句中的谓语动词had left可知，此处应使用一般过去时，所以谓语动应为struck，it位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It struck me that。 5．就我个人而言，玛丽前几天提出的观点值得讨论。 As far as I am concerned, the view that Mary put forward the other day is . (worthy) 【答案】worthy to be discussed/worthy of being discussed/worthy of discussion 【详解】考查名词、形容词和不定式。根据句意，此处表示“值得”应为be worthy，表示“讨论”应为discuss，与主语the view之间为被动关系，所以，表示“值得讨论”可以为be worthy to be discussed或者be worthy of being discussed，也可以使用“be worthy of+名词”结构，discuss的名词为discussion，所以可以为be worthy of discussion，原句中已经有is。故填worthy to be discussed/worthy of being discussed/worthy of discussion。 6．有时候，一点点的善良，就能把一些东西照亮，让世界变得更加美丽和谐。 Sometimes, only a little kindness can light something shining, . 【答案】making the world more beautiful and harmonious 【详解】考查名词、形容词和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“让世界变得更加美丽和谐”，“让……变得”可用动词make，其宾语“世界”可用名词the world，其宾语补足语“更加美丽和谐”可用形容词比较级more beautiful and harmonious，且句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，make应用现在分词的形式。故填making the world more beautiful and harmonious。 7．以为自己忘记带票时，她很恐慌， 这也让她的丈夫惊慌起来。（painc; 非限定性定语从句） when she thought she’d forgotten the tickets, 【答案】 She was in panic which panicked her husband too 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。根据句意以及提示词panic可知，表示“恐慌”应为in panic在句中作表语，结合时间状语从句的谓语动词thought可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语为“她”为she，be动词应为was，所以“她很恐慌”应为she was in panic，位于句首，所以she的首字母需大写；第二空表示“这也让她的丈夫惊慌起来”应为非限制性定语从句，“这”指的是主句的内容，所以应为which在从句中作主语，表示“也让她的丈夫惊慌起来”应为panic her husband too，全句使用一般过去时，所以此处也是用一般过去时，谓语动词应为panicked。故填①She was in panic②which panicked her husband too。 8．然后我使用不同的颜色去填充并营造出一种轻柔和谐的氛围。 Then I . 【答案】used different colors to fill in and created a gentle and harmonious atmosphere 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“使用某物做某事”为动词短语use sth. to do sth.；表示“不同的颜色”为different colors；表示“填充”为fill in，此处为动词原形和to构成动词不定式；表示“营造”为create；表示“一种轻柔和谐的氛围”为a gentle and harmonious atmosphere。发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填used different colors to fill in and created a gentle and harmonious atmosphere。 9．如果你坚持这样做，你就要承担后果。 If you it, you will have to take the consequences. 【答案】insist on 【详解】考查动词。根据中文提示，“坚持”的英文可以使用insist on，符合题意。这个句子考查条件状语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句应该使用一般现在时，故insist无需变形。答案填insist。 10．博物馆里不允许人们吸烟。 People are not allowed to smoke in . 【答案】museums 【详解】考查名词。根据中文翻译可知，空处应用表示“博物馆”的名词museum，作宾语。此处应用其复数形式表示泛指，概括博物馆这一类的场所。故填museums。 11．证据表明, 睡眠不足、营养不良和缺乏锻炼都不利于青少年的健康成长。 lack of sleep, poor nutrition and lack of exercise are not conducive to the healthy development of teenagers. 【答案】Proof shows (that)/ Evidence shows (that)/ It has been proved that 【详解】考查固定句型。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“证据表明”，此处可用固定句型，根据后文描述是客观事实，用一般现在时，“证据”为名词proof/evidence，“证据表明”可用Proof shows (that)或者Evidence shows (that)或者It has been proved that，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填Proof shows (that)或者Evidence shows (that)或者It has been proved that。 12．他说话的声音太大了，隔壁屋里的人都能听见。 that even people in the next room could hear him.(so位于句首引起的倒装) 【答案】So loudly did he speak 【详解】考查部分倒装和结果状语从句。句意：他说话的声音如此之大，以至于隔壁房间的人都能听见。根据题干提示以及could可知，本句在陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。“说话”为动词“speak”，“大声”使用副词loudly，此处将so位于句首引起部分倒装，结构为“so +副词+助动词+主语+动词”。故填So loudly did he speak。 13．所有人的恐惧都消失了，我往后退，打开门，祈祷这不是我一生中最大的错误。 All fear was gone, and I backed up and unlocked my car door, in my life. 【答案】praying that this wasn’t the biggest mistake 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“祈祷”应为pray that，此处为非谓语动词作状语，与主语I之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式，即praying that，表示“这不是我一生中最大的错误”为宾语从句，表示“这”可译为this作主语，表示“不是”应为be not，根据主句的谓语动词backed以及unlocked可知，此处为一般过去时，所以be动词应为was，表示“最大的错”应为the biggest mistake作表语，表示“我一生中”为in my life原句已经给出。故填praying that this wasn’t the biggest mistake。 14．你的眼神可以清楚显示你的内心自我。 The expressions in your eyes can your inner self. (speak) 【答案】speak volumes about 【详解】考查固定短语。根据提示词可知，表示“清楚显示某事”可用固定短语speak volumes about sth，情态动词can后面应该跟动词原形。故填speak volumes about。 15．她凭自己的努力获得了领导及同事的赞赏。 She was recognized by the leader and her colleagues .(right) 【答案】in her own right 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中英文提示，设空处表示“凭自己的努力”，应用in one’s own right，为介词短语，在句中作状语，主语为she，指“她”，短语中one’s应用she的形容词性物主代词her。故填in her own right。 16．她声称她的问题是她粗心大意造成的。 She claimed that her problems her carelessness.(down) 【答案】were down to 【详解】考查固定短语。由句意可知，空处需要表达“因为；是由于……”，结合所给提示词，应用短语be down to，而空处所在句为宾语从句，其主语为problems，参考主句的时态应用一般过去时，be动词应用were。故填were down to。 17．从我在顶楼的办公室，我可以看到城市的工人们忙于自己的工作。 From my office on the top floor, I could observe the city’s workers . (go about) 【答案】going about their work 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据中英文，设空处表示“忙于自己的工作”。go about意为“忙于……”，为固定搭配；work意为“工作”，为不可数名词，这里表示工人他们自己的工作，应用their修饰。observe sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填going about their work。 18．我们已经提前在网上预订了这个酒店。 We online in advance. 【答案】have reserved the hotel 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“预定”应用动词reserve，作谓语，由句意知此处应用现在完成时，表示“酒店”应用名词hotel，作宾语。故答案为have reserved the hotel。 19．听到这个坏消息, 玛丽呆住了, 动弹不得。 At the bad news, , as if rooted to the ground.(动词短语) 【答案】Mary froze with shock 【详解】考查时态，动词和名词。根据句意可知，此处需填“玛丽呆住了”的英文表达，即“玛丽由于震惊而发呆”，动词freeze表示“使定格，呆住”，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“由于震惊”表示为with shock，其中名词shock表示“震惊”，作介词with的宾语，“玛丽”用Mary作主语。故填Mary froze with shock。 20．我的妻子在我旁边吓呆了。 Beside me was my wife, who was rooted to the ground, .(短语) 【答案】frozen with fear 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意，“吓呆了”表达为freeze with fear，freeze与主语my wife为被动关系，用过去分词短语作宾补，故该空填frozen with fear。 ( 10 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 Back to the past 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．Last mouth, part of Southeast Asia   (strike) by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering now. 2．Hawaii is a perfect (set) for romance with its pleasant climate and breathtaking scenery. 3．I tried to convince myself the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. 4．They found plenty of things to be delighted with, but nothing to be astonished ． 5．The length of this box is twice its (broad). 6．He is remembered a man who inspired a generation with hope. 7．A number of local people have been arrested for trying to stop trucks loaded logs. 8．A (harmony) relationship is built on trust, understanding, and working together to solve problems peacefully. 9．The security system of the company (strength) in the past few months. 10．When you feel (panic), you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself. 11．The company’s innovative products are (influence) in nature, shaping industry trends. 12．The designer aimed to make the living room a (harmony) mix of modern and traditional elements. 13． (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. 14．What (astonish) me was that the situation changed dramatically. 15．The ban cigarette smoking inside public buildings has now been enforced for over 2 years. 16．It (acknowledge) that it is human activity that has caused global warming. 17．There isn’t a (short) of carrots, so everybody doesn’t bother to grow them in their gardens. 18．The boy insisted that he (be) old enough, and (give) the right to make his own choice. 19．Any experience can teach and (strong) you, particularly the more difficult ones. 20．The loss of big trees was the greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water (short). 21．She claims she was unfairly (dismiss) from her post. 22．The widely scientist received a medal in of his outstanding contributions to the field of science. (acknowledge) 23．Historically, Chinese silk made its way to Rome even before the beginning of the Common Era (时代). The Silk Road (facilitate) the exchange of Chinese culture with the West, while Western culture found its way to the East. 24．When we arrived in the deep night, we found there was no food (availability) as all the shops were shut. 25．Parallelism as a device is the use of expressions, clauses or sentences that are similar in their structure. (literature) 26．Liberty means responsibility. That is most men dread it. 27．The biggest question is will take charge of the company. 28．The only reason for my coming is I hoped to see you again. 29．The trouble was we could manage it ourselves or not. 30．She looks she were ill. 31．In making a (compare), we found that this method is cost-effective. 32．The theater (pack) with movie-goers yesterday. 33．This building is a good example of Thai (architect). 34．We (campaign) against whaling in the past few decades. 35．When the young athlete stepped onto the track, his heart was pounding (violent). However, he took a deep breath and then ran forward, chasing his dream with unwavering determination. 36．I (freeze) with terror as the door slowly opened. 37．He was (dress) as a woman. 38．I have got a (horror) feeling she lied to us. 39．A (violently) impact hurtled her forward. 40．He lost a lot of (bleed) in the accident. 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．All of us should be optimistic and c ourselves of a better life in the future. 2．The book reveals the (本质，精髓) of American innovation. 3．These three (志趣相投的) people set up the gallery. 4．They (闲逛，漫步) back towards their home. 5．You didn’t return her calls, so she called your roommate, who (惊慌)and called me. 6．The weather was terrible but we carried on with the work r . 7．He was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a h relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. 8．By s his core muscles, the athlete significantly improved his performance on the field. 9．The fingerprints on the window were (证据，n.) that someone had broken in. 10．There was a s of food after the flood, making it difficult for families to find enough to eat. 11．It is universally a that Internet plays a crucial role in modern society. 12．Jim (坚持认为) that the book Mr. Black referred to was worth reading. 13．The couple (收养) a child, who quickly adapted to the new life and has brought much joy to them. 14．He is a (队长) who leads by example, and therefore well-respected. 15．On hearing the explosion, the crowd fled (逃) in all directions in p . 16．The company is trying to find the source of the oil (泄露). 17．Kids engaged with drama show greater l (文学的) ability. 18．The report is (可用的) online for users worldwide to download the information easily. 19．Modern inventions and hi-tech gadgets f (使便利) housework in many ways. 20．They want unlimited resources to be a to everyone, at any time, no matter the cost. 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．他被公认为世界上最伟大的建筑师之一。 He one of the world’s greatest architectures. 2．正是因为这个原因，我们应该在在线学习时严格要求自己。（强调句型） It is we should make strict demands on ourselves while learning online. 3．人们公认女性在运动中起重要作用。 It is widely that women play an important part in sports. 4．我突然想起我把家庭作业忘在教室里了。 I had left my homework in the classroom.(strike) 5．就我个人而言，玛丽前几天提出的观点值得讨论。 As far as I am concerned, the view that Mary put forward the other day is . (worthy) 6．有时候，一点点的善良，就能把一些东西照亮，让世界变得更加美丽和谐。 Sometimes, only a little kindness can light something shining, . 7．以为自己忘记带票时，她很恐慌， 这也让她的丈夫惊慌起来。（painc; 非限定性定语从句） when she thought she’d forgotten the tickets, 8．然后我使用不同的颜色去填充并营造出一种轻柔和谐的氛围。 Then I . 9．如果你坚持这样做，你就要承担后果。 If you it, you will have to take the consequences. 10．博物馆里不允许人们吸烟。 People are not allowed to smoke in . 11．证据表明, 睡眠不足、营养不良和缺乏锻炼都不利于青少年的健康成长。 lack of sleep, poor nutrition and lack of exercise are not conducive to the healthy development of teenagers. 12．他说话的声音太大了，隔壁屋里的人都能听见。 that even people in the next room could hear him.(so位于句首引起的倒装) 13．所有人的恐惧都消失了，我往后退，打开门，祈祷这不是我一生中最大的错误。 All fear was gone, and I backed up and unlocked my car door, in my life. 14．你的眼神可以清楚显示你的内心自我。 The expressions in your eyes can your inner self. (speak) 15．她凭自己的努力获得了领导及同事的赞赏。 She was recognized by the leader and her colleagues .(right) 16．她声称她的问题是她粗心大意造成的。 She claimed that her problems her carelessness.(down) 17．从我在顶楼的办公室，我可以看到城市的工人们忙于自己的工作。 From my office on the top floor, I could observe the city’s workers . (go about) 18．我们已经提前在网上预订了这个酒店。 We online in advance. 19．听到这个坏消息, 玛丽呆住了, 动弹不得。 At the bad news, , as if rooted to the ground.(动词短语) 20．我的妻子在我旁边吓呆了。 Beside me was my wife, who was rooted to the ground, .(短语) ( 1 / 5 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$