Unit 2 Out of this world 【单元卷•考点卷】(单词短语句型语法)-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记•巧练（译林版2020选择必修第三册）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 2 Out of this world 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．The charge against the doctor was dismissed in the   (absent) of any positive proof. 【答案】absence 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于没有确凿的证据，对医生的指控被驳回了。空处需填名词absence，作宾语，in the absence of... 为固定搭配，意为“缺乏……”。故填absence。 2． the absence of actual data, no reliance can be placed on such figures. 【答案】In 【详解】考查介词。句意：由于没有实际数据，不能依赖这样的数字。in the absence of 是固定短语，表示 “缺乏……”。故填 In。 3． (devote) herself to the cause of science, she didn’t have time to take care of her family. 【答案】Devoting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：全身心投入科学事业，她没有时间照顾她的家人。此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，且devote和主语she之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Devoting。 4．We could solve students’ common eye problems by ensuring sufficient (expose) to nature. 【答案】exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们可以通过确保充分接触大自然来解决学生常见的眼睛问题。空处作ensuring的宾语，被sufficient修饰，expose的名词形式exposure符合题意，意为“接触”，是不可数名词。故填exposure。 5．The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable (creature) across the globe. 【答案】creatures 【详解】考查名词。句意：大熊猫是中国著名的象征，也是全球最可爱的动物之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，意思是 “…… 中最…… 之一”，此处 “creature” 表示 “动物；生物”，是可数名词，故填creatures。 6．The school pays for heating and the (maintain) of the buildings. 【答案】maintenance 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校支付暖气和建筑物的维护费用。作介词的宾语用名词maintenance，不可数。故填maintenance。 7．They flew in over the beach, (cast) a huge shadow. 【答案】casting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们飞到海滩上空，投下一大片阴影。句子已有谓语动词flew，动词cast“投射”用作非谓语形式，描述伴随状况，与逻辑主语They是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式casting作状语。故填casting。 8．When he (strike) the match to light his cigar, I saw who he was. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他划火柴点燃雪茄时，我看清了他是谁。根据后文saw和was可知，此处描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，主句为一般过去时，when引导的时间状语从句也是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填struck。 9．Once fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly (light) up the night sky. 【答案】lighting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：烟花在全市燃放，突然照亮了夜空。句中已有谓语动词were being let off，“suddenly (light) up the night sky.”作结果状语，light(照亮)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语fireworks之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动，指自然而然的结果。故填lighting。 10．By following this rule, you can end any conversation a polite way. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：遵循这个规则，你可以以一种礼貌的方式结束任何谈话。in a...way是固定搭配，表示“以一种……的方式”。故填in。 11．With teaching her mind, she cares less what is not related to her . (occupy) 【答案】 occupying occupation 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：教学占据了她的心思，她就不太关心与她的职业无关的事情了。第一空是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，occupy和宾语teaching之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作宾补；第二空作宾语，结合her可知，使用名词occupation“职业”。故填①occupying；②occupation。 12．The girl I (view) as a competitor congratulated me on my contest results. 【答案】viewed 【详解】考查时态。句意：那个被我视为竞争对手的女孩祝贺我取得了很好的比赛成绩。由congratulated可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填viewed。 13．When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：当我们遇到这种事实差异时，我们不应该急于得出结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了虚假信息。空后为可数名词conclusion，意为“结论”，且其后有that引导的同位语从句，可知此处表示特指，需填定冠词the，起修饰限定作用。故填the。 14．Seeing the huge creature, we stood with terror. (freeze) 【答案】frozen 【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到这个巨大的生物，我们站在那里吓呆了。根据句意和所给词的提示以及分析句子可知，空处作伴随状语，解释说明主语we的状态，空处应用形容词frozen，frozen with terror译为“吓呆了”。故填frozen。 15．It is estimated in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60, 000 restaurants. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，仅在英国，人们每天就要吃300万份外卖餐，三大外卖应用一共提供了来自6万家餐厅的100种美食选择。句型It is estimated that...，表示“据估计”，that引导主语从句。故填that。 16． life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：其他星球上是否存在生命还有待证实。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，结合下文“is yet to be proved”可知，应为从属连词whether表示“是否”，满足句意要求。位于句首，故填Whether。 17．Some parents keep complaining that they do is for their kids’ benefits, which is a little annoying. 【答案】what 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有些父母一直抱怨说，他们所做的一切都是为了孩子的利益，这有点烦人。句中that引导宾语从句，“_____they do”是宾语从句中的主语，为主语从句，空格处在主语从句中作do的宾语，指事物，用连接词what引导。故填what。 18． the new mayor will take office hasn’t been made public yet. 【答案】When 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新市长何时上任还没有公布。空处引导主语从句，表达“何时上任”之意，用连接副词when引导；句首单词首字母大写。故填When。 19．However, impressed people most was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：然而，最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 20．If a picture or document (scan) into a computer, a machine passes a beam of light over it to make a copy of it in the computer. 【答案】is scanned 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果图片或文档被扫描进计算机，机器会通过它传递一束光来在计算机中制作它的副本。空处是If引导从句中的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词“passes”可知，句子是对一般事实的叙述，应用一般现在时，“a picture or document”与动词scan“扫描”是被动关系，因此需要用被动语态，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“a picture or document”是单数，be动词用is。故填is scanned。 21．I decided to try to find planets (orbit) other stars like the sun. 【答案】orbiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定尝试寻找围绕像太阳一样的其他恒星运行的行星。句中decided为谓语动词，所以orbit用非谓语形式。逻辑主语planets“行星”与orbit“沿轨道运行；围绕……运动”之间为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语修饰planets。故填orbiting。 22． wants to stay in this hotel doesn’t bother about breakfast. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：想住在这家旅馆的人都不用为早餐操心。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句。句中缺少主语，指人，表示“无论谁”，所以用连接词whoever。故填Whoever。 23．The collection (comprise) of 327 paintings so far. 【答案】has comprised 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个收藏集包括了327幅画。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语collection是单数名词，助动词应用has，comprise的过去分词是comprised。故填has comprised。 24． we need to do now is to figure out a solution, will help us overcome the difficulties. 【答案】 What which 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：我们现在需要做的是找出一个解决方案，这将帮助我们克服困难。第一个空为what引导的主语从句，在句中作宾语，首字母大写。第二个空先行词是a solution，在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填①What；②which。 25． different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground. 【答案】Why 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：之所以种植不同的作物，是因为它们能将重要的矿物质重新返回到土壤中。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，根据句子的逻辑关系，为什么种植不同作物的原因是因为它们把重要矿物质放回地下，这里需要一个引导原因的连接词，应用连接副词why引导主语从句，在从句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Why。 26．It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁隆平的杂交品种生产的。根据句意及空前“It is estimated”可知，此处为it is estimated that的固定句型结构，其中it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，that在名词性从句中无实义，不充当句子成分。故填that。 27．Shock absorbers have set up in the cities with a high (frequent) of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives. 【答案】frequency 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保护建筑物和挽救生命，地震频发的城市都设置了减震器。根据句子结构，这里需要一个名词作介词with的宾语，frequent的名词形式是frequency，意为 “频率”。故填frequency。 28．The (original) of the world remains unclear. 【答案】origin 【详解】考查名词。句意：世界的起源仍然不清楚。空格处作主语，应该用名词origin“起源”，根据谓语动词remains可知，应该用单数形式。故填origin。 29．Anne left Germany, the expectation of seeing her family before very long, but what happened later didn’t fulfill her (expect). 【答案】 in expectations 【详解】考查介词和名词。句意：安妮离开德国，期望不久就能见到她的家人，但后来发生的事情并没有让她如愿。固定短语in (the) expectation of意为“期望……”；第二空作fulfill的宾语，expect的名词形式expectation“期望，盼望”符合题意，且通常用复数形式和fulfill搭配使用，fulfill one’s expectations意为“满足某人的期望”。故填①in；②expectations。 30．He has done so much for the poor in his community that people think (high) of him. 【答案】highly 【详解】考查副词。句意：他为社区里的穷人做了很多事，人们对他的评价很高。think highly of是固定短语，意为“高度评价”，故填highly。 31．There are also a lot of dramatic discussions and debates in class, and our teachers expect us (ask) questions about what we are learning. 【答案】to ask 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课堂上也有很多戏剧性的讨论和辩论，我们的老师希望我们对所学的东西提出问题。动词短语expect sb. to do sth.意为“期待某人做某事，希望某人做某事”，空处应用ask“问”的不定式形式，作宾语补足语。故填to ask。 32．In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long (distant) carrying heavy spring onions. 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：就这样，他们知道扛着沉重的大葱走很远的路是什么感觉。long是形容词，修饰名词，distant的名词是distance，意为“距离”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填distance。 33．The composer is much happier performing live than in a (record) studio. 【答案】recording 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位作曲家在现场表演比在录音室里要开心得多。空处用名词recording“录音”，作定语，修饰名词studio。故填recording。 34．She works as an (assist) to the manager. 【答案】assistant 【详解】考查名词。句意：她做经理的助理。短语work as意为“担任；以……身份而工作”，设空处应填名词作介词as的宾语，空前有不定冠词an，故为单数形式的名词。assist为动词，其名词形式assistant，意为“助理，助手”。故填assistant。 35．While the math problem was (incredible) difficult, John managed to wok it out. 【答案】incredibly 【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然这道数学题很难，约翰还是把它解出来了。空处修饰形容词difficult，应用incredible的副词形式incredibly，意为“非常地”，作状语。故填incredibly。 36．The expressway, with an (invest) of 30.2 billion yuan, will open to traffic by the end of next year. 【答案】investment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这条高速公路投资302亿元，将于明年年底通车。根据前面的不定冠词 an可知，这里需要填一个名词investment，作宾语。故填investment。 37．It (calculate) that the world’s population may increase slowly in the coming years. 【答案】is calculated/has been calculated 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据计算，未来几年世界人口可能会缓慢增长。It作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，即“未来几年世界人口可能会缓慢增长”这件事，与“计算”之间为被动关系，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态is calculated，也可用现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作已经完成，也可填has been calculated。故填is calculated/has been calculated。 38．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. So you’d better try to adjust to (live) here. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：入乡随俗。所以你最好试着适应这里的生活。短语adjust to doing sth.表示“适应做某事”。故填living。 39．The staff at the local travel (agent) will make all the arrangements for you if you have no time to make a travel plan. 【答案】agency 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你没有时间制定旅行计划，当地旅行社的工作人员会为你安排一切。此处应填名词agency“代理机构，旅行社”，作at的宾语。故填agency。 40．Scientists are (constant) developing new technologies to push the social development process forward. 【答案】constantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：科学家们不断地开发新技术来推动社会的发展进程。此处修饰动词developing应用所给词的副词constantly。故填constantly。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．Arrows would continue to fly forward forever in a straight line were it not for   (重力). 【答案】gravity 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果没有重力，箭就会永远直线向前飞。根据汉语提示“重力”可知，此处为名词gravity，作宾语。故填gravity。 2．The scenery has remained predominantly (乡村的) in appearance. 【答案】rural 【详解】考查形容词。句意：景色在外观上仍然主要是乡村的。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词rural“乡村的”，在句中作表语。故填rural。 3．Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new (环境) and threw himself into study. 【答案】surroundings 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的儿子彼得毫不费力地适应了新环境，并投入到学习中。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词surroundings“环境”，在句中作介词的宾语。故填surroundings。 4．I recognize the appropriate (曲子) but I can’t put a name to it. 【答案】tune 【详解】考查名词。句意：我听过这首曲子，但叫不出名字。根据汉意提示，应为名词tune作宾语，下文代词it提示此处用名词单数。故填tune。 5．The music is a bond of Western pop music and traditional (民间的) songs. 【答案】folk 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这首音乐是西方流行音乐和传统民间歌曲的结合。根据汉语提示可知，folk意为“民间的”，作定语修饰名词songs。故填folk。 6．Relief workers say it’s worse than ever as disease and starvation (结合) to kill thousands. 【答案】combine 【详解】考查动词。句意：救援人员表示，随着疾病和饥饿的结合导致数千人死亡，情况比以往任何时候都更糟。根据中文提示可知，表示“结合”应用combine，为动词，在本句中作谓语，主语disease and starvation，与combine为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里时态与前文保持一致，应用一般现在时，故填combine。 7．Time will (使转化) us from adorable babies into adults and our parents from adults into old men. 【答案】transform 【详解】考查动词。句意：时间会把我们从可爱的婴儿变成成年人，把我们的父母从成年人变成老人。根据句意及汉语提示“使转化”可知，此处为动词transform，位于情态动词will后面，使用动词原形。故填transform。 8．He looked very (严肃的) as he entered the room, which made us a deep impression. 【答案】grave 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他进入房间时看起来非常严肃，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。根据汉语提示“严肃的”以及句子结构可知，此处应用形容词grave作表语。故填grave。 9．I cry out for making friends for I want to share my joy and (悲伤). 【答案】sorrow 【详解】考查名词。句意：我大声呼喊交朋友，因为我想分享我的喜怒哀乐。根据汉语提示，可知为名词“sorrow”，设空处和空前的名词joy并列，应用名词的形式，作宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填sorrow。 10．There are many different kinds of natural medicine to help (克服) winter infections and do the trick. 【答案】overcome 【详解】考查动词。句意：有许多不同种类的天然药物可以帮助克服冬季感染并做到这一点。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“克服”应用overcome，为动词，且这里考查help (to) do表“帮助做某事”，为固定搭配。故填overcome。 11．His story is just as (戏剧的) as a film, only it’s remarkably real. 【答案】dramatic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的故事就像电影一样戏剧化，只是它非常真实。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词dramatic“戏剧的”，构成as+adj+as结构。故填dramatic。 12．Bank officials clearly (应得) some of the blame to enhance their responsibility. 【答案】deserve 【详解】考查动词。句意：银行官员显然应当承担部分责任以增强他们的责任感。根据汉语提示可知，空处使用动词deserve“应得”，在句中作谓语。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是officials，谓语动词用原形。故填deserve。 13．I was so confused that I could hardly (使镇静) my emotions. 【答案】compose 【详解】考查动词。句意：我很困惑，几乎无法控制自己的情绪。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为compose。设空处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句中的谓语，空前为情态动词，设空处为动词原形的形式。故填compose。 14．The orchestra played Mozart’s (交响乐) No. 35 in D Major and gave people a gentle sense. 【答案】symphony 【详解】考查名词。句意：管弦乐队演奏了莫扎特的D大调第35号交响乐，并给人一种温和的感觉。根据汉语提示可知，应用名词symphony“交响乐”。Mozart’s symphony No. 35 in D Majo“莫扎特的D大调第35号交响乐”在句中作宾语。故填symphony。 15．Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the (宇航员) that receive widespread media coverage. 【答案】astronauts 【详解】考查名词。句意：航天工业的工作远远超出了媒体广泛报道的宇航员。根据汉语提示“宇航员”可知，此处为名词astronaut，作宾语，定语从句引导词that指代astronaut，结合谓语动词“receive”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填astronauts。 16．The writer wanted to leave a (永久的) message, so she carved her words into the wall of the library. 【答案】permanent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位作家想留下一个永久的信息，所以她把自己的文字刻在了图书馆的墙上。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“永久的”应用permanent，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填permanent。 17．Extended (暴露) to sunlight without proper protection can lead to severe skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. 【答案】exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：在没有适当保护的情况下长时间暴露在阳光下会导致严重的皮肤损伤，并增加患癌症的风险。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用exposure，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填exposure。 18．She made an excuse to explain her a from the meeting last week. 【答案】absence/bsence 【详解】考查名词。句意：她找了个借口来解释她上周缺席会议的原因。根据首字母a可知，本空用名词absence“缺席”，作explain的宾语。故填absence。 19．The traffic policeman usually wear reflective vests to make themselves highly v at night in order to ensure their safety on the road. 【答案】visible/isible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：交通警察通常穿反光背心，以便在夜间使自己高度可见，从而确保他们在路上的安全。本句为“make+名词+形容词”，根据句意和首字母提示，形容词visible作宾语补足语。故填visible。 20．Mutual learning is c (重要的) to international exchanges and cooperation today. 【答案】crucial/rucial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：相互学习对当今的国际交流与合作至关重要。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用形容词crucial，作表语。故填crucial。 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1． (他决不参加) such a meaningless discussion. (倒装句) 【答案】Under no circumstances will he attend 【详解】考查动词时态和部分倒装。句意：在任何情况下他都不会参加这样一个毫无意义的讨论。表示“决不”应用under no circumstances，位于句首，首字母大写，主语“他”应用he，表示“参加”应用动词attend，由句意此处应用一般将来时will attend，under no circumstances是一个表示否定意义的短语，位于句首，句子要用部分倒装结构，即助动词will提前。故答案为Under no circumstances will he attend。 2． (在缺乏老师指导的情况下), I don't know how to combine what I've learnt with practice. (absence) 【答案】In the absence of teachers’ instruction 【详解】考查介词短语。分析句子结构，此处为介词短语作状语。根据汉语提示 “在缺乏…… 的情况下”为 in the absence of，“老师指导”为 teachers’ instruction。故填 In the absence of teachers’ instruction。 3． (长时间暴露于潮湿环境) multiplies the bacteria in food rapidly. (exposure) 【答案】Long­time exposure to the damp environment 【详解】考查名词短语。表示“长时间的”应用形容词longtime，作定语，表示“暴露于……”应用名词短语exposure to...，作主语，表示“潮湿的”应用形容词damp，作定语，修饰名词environment，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Longtime exposure to the damp environment。 4．Don’t (为我的问题操心); I’m doing quite well. (bother) 【答案】bother yourself about/with my problems 【详解】考查动词和名词。“操心”作谓语，用动词bother，在祈使句中用原形；结合句意，表示“你为我的问题操心”用bother yourself about/with my problems表示。故填bother yourself about/with my problems。 5．在这次短暂的国事访问期间,一举一动都将有着极其重要的象征意义。(be+of+n.结构) Every gesture during the short state visit. 【答案】 will be of vital symbolic significance 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“有着极其重要的象征意义”短语为be of vital symbolic significance，为将来的动作应用一般将来时。故填will be of vital symbolic significance。 6．那条项链虽然很漂亮,但我们认为它太贵了。(让步状语从句的倒装结构) , we thought it was overpriced. 【答案】 Beautiful as/though the necklace was 【详解】考查让步状语从句的倒装结构。根据题意，句子表示“虽然那条项链很漂亮”处理成让步状语从句的倒装结构为：表语+as/though+主语+谓语。此处“beautiful”是表语，主语是“the necklace”，谓语是“was”。故填Beautiful as/though the necklace was。 7．在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。(circumstance) , it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 【答案】 In/Under the circumstances 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“在这种情况下”短语为in/under the circumstances，首字母大写。故填In/Under the circumstances。 8．最让我烦恼的是我应该在比赛中选择谁作为我的搭档。(bother;主语从句) was who I should choose as my partner in the competition. 【答案】 What bothered me most 【详解】考查主语从句。根据句意可知，表示“最让我烦恼的是”处理为主语从句，从句谓语为bother，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，宾语为me，状语“最”为most，从句缺少主语，指代事物应用连接代词what。故答案为①What②bothered③me④most。 9．最近的研究使人们进一步了解了导致这种疾病的原因。(cast) Recent research has the causes of the disease. 【答案】 cast new light on 【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意“进一步了解”可知短语为cast new light on，结合has可知为现在完成时。故填cast new light on。 10．这篇课文对我来说很容易明白，但是它的练习却很难做。 This text , but its exercises . (“主语＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”句型) 【答案】 is easy for me to understand are difficult to do 【详解】考查固定句型。本题考查固定句型“主 语＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”。根据汉语提示可知，第一空处需要形容词easy“容易的”，“对我来说”可用英语表达for me，“明白”可用动词understand，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为This text，be动词用is；第二空处需要形容词“困难的”difficult，“做”可用动词do，主语为its exercises，be动词用are。故填①is easy for me to understand②are difficult to do。 11．他严格要求自己每周至少锻炼三次。 He exercise at least three times a week. 【答案】 disciplines himself to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空出应填“严格要求自己”，应用动词短语discipline sb. to do sth.(严格要求某人做某事)，与主语he是主动关系，且每周进行的动作应该用一般现在时，主语谓语保持一致，用disciplines，“他自己”翻译为himself。故填①disciplines②himself③to。 12．当你和父母意见相左时，花点时间让自己冷静下来，尝试从他们的角度了解状况。 When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to and try to understand the situation . 【答案】 calm down from their point of view 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，空一处“冷静下来”应为calm down，且空处前为固定短语“花费时间做某事”take time to do something ，calm用原形，空二处“从他们的角度”应为from their point of view。故填①calm down；②from their point of view。 13． (忙于办公室的日常工作), Betty didn’t have the time to spend a day with her kids. (occupy) 【答案】Occupying herself/Occupied with routine office tasks 【详解】考查分词作状语。句意：由于忙于办公室的日常工作，贝蒂没有时间和孩子们呆上一天。分析句子成分可知，此句话谓语动词是didn’t have，设空处是非谓语，故用分词做状语，表原因；表示“忙于某事”可以用occupy oneself with sth./be occupied with sth.，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词，故填Occupying herself/Occupied with routine office tasks。 14．这事不完全像我想的那么简单。 It wasn't quite it would be.(“as...as...”结构) 【答案】as simple as I thought 【详解】考查形容词和固定短语。对比中英文可知，缺少“像我想的那么简单”，表示“和……一样”为as...as...，空前为was，应用形容词作表语，“简单的”为simple,叙述过去发生的事，应为一般过去时，表示“我想的”为I thought。故填as simple as I thought。 15．You are waiting at a wrong place. (是在酒店) the coach picks up tourists. (强调句型) 【答案】It is at the hotel that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：你在错误的地方等待。大巴在酒店接游客。本题要求用强调句型，结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who”，句首单词首字母大写，句子陈述一种常规的行为，用一般现在时，句式中用is，被强调成分为地点状语“在酒店”应用at the hotel，强调地点状语句式中用that。故填It is at the hotel that。 16．We were caught in a thunderstorm, (没有躲避的地方). (shelter) 【答案】without anywhere to shelter 【详解】考查介词短语和动词不定式。句意：我们遇到了暴风雨，没有躲避的地方。根据汉语提示可知，表示“没有躲避的地方”可用介词短语without anywhere to shelter，动词不定式to shelter作anywhere的后置定语。故填without anywhere to shelter。 17．It seems to me that we should teach children about the past because the advantages of teaching the subject (远远超出了课堂内容本身). 【答案】go far beyond the content of the classes 【详解】考查固定短语、副词。go beyond是一个固定短语，表示 “超出；超越”，副词far修饰动词短语go beyond作状语，表示“远远超出”，“课堂内容”译为the content of the classes，故填go far beyond the content of the classes。 18．The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for (似乎有几个小时)． 【答案】what seemed like hours 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：小女孩吓得说不出话来，在那里站了几个小时。根据空前的“for”和汉语提示，此处应为宾语从句，表示“仿佛什么似的”用seem like，且宾语从句为陈述句语序，主句的时态为过去时，故从句也用过去时。故答案为what seemed like hours。 19． (据推算) the world’s population will double by 2050. 【答案】It has been calculated that 【详解】考查形式主语及主语从句。句意：据推算，到2050年世界人口将翻一番。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要句型“It is/was/has been calculated that…”，意为“据推算”，句中It为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。本句话用现在完成时态，表示动作已经完成。故填It has been calculated that。 20．Many e­commerce platforms (在促进就业方面发挥至关重要的作用), offering services from stock support to interest­free loans. 【答案】play a crucial role in promoting employment 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：许多电子商务平台在促进就业方面发挥着至关重要的作用，提供从股票支持到无息贷款的服务。“在……方面起重要作用”是固定短语play a crucial role in doing sth，表示“促进就业”为 promote employment；句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语 platforms是可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式，故填play a crucial role in promoting employment。 ( 10 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 2 Out of this world 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．The charge against the doctor was dismissed in the   (absent) of any positive proof. 2． the absence of actual data, no reliance can be placed on such figures. 3． (devote) herself to the cause of science, she didn’t have time to take care of her family. 4．We could solve students’ common eye problems by ensuring sufficient (expose) to nature. 5．The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable (creature) across the globe. 6．The school pays for heating and the (maintain) of the buildings. 7．They flew in over the beach, (cast) a huge shadow. 8．When he (strike) the match to light his cigar, I saw who he was. 9．Once fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly (light) up the night sky. 10．By following this rule, you can end any conversation a polite way. 11．With teaching her mind, she cares less what is not related to her . (occupy) 12．The girl I (view) as a competitor congratulated me on my contest results. 13．When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. 14．Seeing the huge creature, we stood with terror. (freeze) 15．It is estimated in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60, 000 restaurants. 16． life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved. 17．Some parents keep complaining that they do is for their kids’ benefits, which is a little annoying. 18． the new mayor will take office hasn’t been made public yet. 19．However, impressed people most was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 20．If a picture or document (scan) into a computer, a machine passes a beam of light over it to make a copy of it in the computer. 21．I decided to try to find planets (orbit) other stars like the sun. 22． wants to stay in this hotel doesn’t bother about breakfast. 23．The collection (comprise) of 327 paintings so far. 24． we need to do now is to figure out a solution, will help us overcome the difficulties. 25． different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground. 26．It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain. 27．Shock absorbers have set up in the cities with a high (frequent) of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives. 28．The (original) of the world remains unclear. 29．Anne left Germany, the expectation of seeing her family before very long, but what happened later didn’t fulfill her (expect). 30．He has done so much for the poor in his community that people think (high) of him. 31．There are also a lot of dramatic discussions and debates in class, and our teachers expect us (ask) questions about what we are learning. 32．In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long (distant) carrying heavy spring onions. 33．The composer is much happier performing live than in a (record) studio. 34．She works as an (assist) to the manager. 35．While the math problem was (incredible) difficult, John managed to wok it out. 36．The expressway, with an (invest) of 30.2 billion yuan, will open to traffic by the end of next year. 37．It (calculate) that the world’s population may increase slowly in the coming years. 38．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. So you’d better try to adjust to (live) here. 39．The staff at the local travel (agent) will make all the arrangements for you if you have no time to make a travel plan. 40．Scientists are (constant) developing new technologies to push the social development process forward. 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．Arrows would continue to fly forward forever in a straight line were it not for   (重力). 2．The scenery has remained predominantly (乡村的) in appearance. 3．Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new (环境) and threw himself into study. 4．I recognize the appropriate (曲子) but I can’t put a name to it. 5．The music is a bond of Western pop music and traditional (民间的) songs. 6．Relief workers say it’s worse than ever as disease and starvation (结合) to kill thousands. 7．Time will (使转化) us from adorable babies into adults and our parents from adults into old men. 8．He looked very (严肃的) as he entered the room, which made us a deep impression. 9．I cry out for making friends for I want to share my joy and (悲伤). 10．There are many different kinds of natural medicine to help (克服) winter infections and do the trick. 11．His story is just as (戏剧的) as a film, only it’s remarkably real. 12．Bank officials clearly (应得) some of the blame to enhance their responsibility. 13．I was so confused that I could hardly (使镇静) my emotions. 14．The orchestra played Mozart’s (交响乐) No. 35 in D Major and gave people a gentle sense. 15．Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the (宇航员) that receive widespread media coverage. 16．The writer wanted to leave a (永久的) message, so she carved her words into the wall of the library. 17．Extended (暴露) to sunlight without proper protection can lead to severe skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. 18．She made an excuse to explain her a from the meeting last week. 19．The traffic policeman usually wear reflective vests to make themselves highly v at night in order to ensure their safety on the road. 20．Mutual learning is c (重要的) to international exchanges and cooperation today. 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1． (他决不参加) such a meaningless discussion. (倒装句) 2． (在缺乏老师指导的情况下), I don't know how to combine what I've learnt with practice. (absence) 3． (长时间暴露于潮湿环境) multiplies the bacteria in food rapidly. (exposure) 4．Don’t (为我的问题操心); I’m doing quite well. (bother) 5．在这次短暂的国事访问期间,一举一动都将有着极其重要的象征意义。(be+of+n.结构) Every gesture during the short state visit. 6．那条项链虽然很漂亮,但我们认为它太贵了。(让步状语从句的倒装结构) , we thought it was overpriced. 7．在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。(circumstance) , it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 8．最让我烦恼的是我应该在比赛中选择谁作为我的搭档。(bother;主语从句) was who I should choose as my partner in the competition. 9．最近的研究使人们进一步了解了导致这种疾病的原因。(cast) Recent research has the causes of the disease. 10．这篇课文对我来说很容易明白，但是它的练习却很难做。 This text , but its exercises . (“主语＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”句型) 11．他严格要求自己每周至少锻炼三次。 He exercise at least three times a week. 12．当你和父母意见相左时，花点时间让自己冷静下来，尝试从他们的角度了解状况。 When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to and try to understand the situation . 13． (忙于办公室的日常工作), Betty didn’t have the time to spend a day with her kids. (occupy) 14．这事不完全像我想的那么简单。 It wasn't quite it would be.(“as...as...”结构) 15．You are waiting at a wrong place. (是在酒店) the coach picks up tourists. (强调句型) 16．We were caught in a thunderstorm, (没有躲避的地方). (shelter) 17．It seems to me that we should teach children about the past because the advantages of teaching the subject (远远超出了课堂内容本身). 18．The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for (似乎有几个小时)． 19． (据推算) the world’s population will double by 2050. 20．Many e­commerce platforms (在促进就业方面发挥至关重要的作用), offering services from stock support to interest­free loans. ( 1 / 4 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$