Unit 3 The world online【单元卷•考点卷】(单词短语句型语法)-2024-2025 学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（译林版2020必修第三册）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world online 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．2022 is a key year. Two experimental modules, two manned spaceships carrying six astronauts, and two cargo (货物) spaceships will take this year, pushing the construction process of China’s space station further forward. 2．Gone are the days we were looked down upon by westerners. 3．I became uncomfortably aware the people at the next table were watching me. 4．We all some extent remember the good times and forget the bad. 5．The heavy rain caused a great delay in the (deliver) of the mail. 6． (remove) our f ingers from smartphones, we went outdoors and smelt the earthy soil after the rain. 7． (obvious), when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．An expert has proposed (establish) a fund to raise money for the protection of the nature preserve. 9．It was not until World War II that the importance of Fleming’s (discover) of penicillin (青霉素) was fully recognized. 10．The programme makes poetry more (access) to young people. 11．The company acted (responsible) when it came to f ighting the virus. 12．He expressed gratitude to the king for his warm reception and considerate (arrange). 13．When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the majority of the students in the class (be) against it. 14．Most travel agencies now make their travel (arrange) meet individual needs. 15．A jazz band provided the (entertain), while people ate and drank under the stars. 16．The (percent) of girls in engineering has increased considerably. 17．Once a week or twice a month, it is a good (entertain) for you to watch movies. 18．Stay away from houses or buildings being (build) or knocked down. 19．He always asked challenging questions to everyone he met, (upset) many people in Athens. 20．Here I sincerely express my (appreciate) if you could give me some advice. 21．When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit (scare). 22．Kim Cobb is demanded (cut) back on their air travel because of climate change. 23． (quit) your job now is not a good idea. 24．Many young boys become computer (addict), which may have an adverse effect on their growth. 25．Her biography (reveal) that she was not as rich as everyone thought. 26．Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while (perform) the routine. 27．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. 28． awakened, the lions performed a lively flying dance, with acrobats hidden under the costumes jumping up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds. 29． (globe) warming is a serious problem that we need to address. 30．There is a rising tendency towards language learning (global), with billions of dollars spent on it each year. 31．The food in this restaurant is (absolute) delicious and the service is excellent. 32．— Can we leave a little early? — (absolute)! 33．You must be (absolute) silent or the birds won’t appear. 34．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt. 35． (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. 36．As we all know, (spot) new planets is not very common in our solar system. 37．Alcohol can damage the liver if (consume) in large quantities. 38．When (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. 39．If (expose) to extreme heat, the plastic material may melt. 40．Further information is available on the (apply) forms. 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．The teacher made a c on my essay that it needed more evidence to support the arguments, which was very helpful for my improvement. 2．The local government e a school to get these kids educated. 3．The coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. (显然地)，I was unhappy, but I won’t give up. 4．Everyone is a of the importance of land greening. 5．We promise to d (递送) your order to your door within 48 hours. 6．The children were having a great time, s (滑动) around on the polished floor. 7．The young man (创立) an IT company after he graduated from university. 8．They are making a (安排) for their daughter’s wedding. 9．This book gives you some （指导方针）to solve the problem of Internet addiction. 10．He made some helpful c on my work (评论). 11．Sooner or later you’ll a the beauty of this language. 12．The ice was thin in some areas, (裂开) loudly as we walked across it. 13．She had q her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 14．R for the course usually takes place a week before the start of term. 15．R our school, I am glad to tell you something about this activity. 16．Mozart composed his last o shortly before he died. 17．The season’s (娱乐活动) include five new plays and several concerts. 18．Modern households rely heavily on d (appliances) such as washing machines to simplify daily tasks and chores. 19．Of all the fibers now used by man, a very large (百分比) is man-made. 20．It’s a bit (吓人的，恐怖的) to think that some day, instead of machines working for us, we will be working for them. 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will (使运送食物变得困难，make it+adj. +to do sth.) 2．手机最大的优势之一在于它能帮我们建立并保持社会联系。 One of the greatest advantages of cell phone lies in the fact that it helps and . 3．父母往往认为，孩子们如果有机会上网，就总是玩游戏。 Parents think that their children will always play games if they have the Internet. 4．一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目（会自动播放），…… Your lights will come you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programs, … 5．他在乡村长大，这就是他喜爱乡村生活的原因。 He was in the country, which for his love for the country life. 6．互联网给我们提供了大量触手可及的信息，但组织这些信息就变得麻烦了。 The Internet puts tons of information   , but organizing it gets a bit tricky. 7．In the past, our friends and family was a usual thing, but things have changed remarkably. （与……失去联系） 8．Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, about 100 glaciers. (leave) 大约在9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。 9． body language is an important component of being a teacher. (react) 对肢体语言做出反应是作为一名教师的重要组成部分。 10．从山顶上看，我们发现这个城市更美了。(现在分词作状语) , we can find the city more beautiful. 11．为了维持公司的运转，我们必须三班倒。(现在分词作补语) We have to work in three shifts to . 12．我轻轻地把睡着的婴儿放下。(现在分词作定语) I put the down gently. 13．I (将非常感激) if you could take the trouble to do so much for me. (appreciate) 14．我足球踢得不好，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。 I am unhappy that I don’t play football well, . 15．给我印象最深的是他的永不放弃的决心。 me most was his determination never to . 16．We (全神贯注看着) the television watching the news about the accident. 17．危险的条件和受损的道路使得运送食物和其他补给品非常困难。 (make后加宾补结构) 18．该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。（it作形式主语）（汉译英） 19．中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。（分词作定语） 20．明天做好必要的安排后，他将要动身去杭州。(arrangement,现在进行时表将来) ( 5 / 5 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world online 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分) 1．2022 is a key year. Two experimental modules, two manned spaceships carrying six astronauts, and two cargo (货物) spaceships will take this year, pushing the construction process of China’s space station further forward. 【答案】off 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：2022年是关键的一年。今年，两个实验舱、两艘搭载6名宇航员的载人飞船和两艘货运飞船将升空，这将进一步推动中国空间站的建设进程。take off为固定短语，意为“起飞”。故填off。 2．Gone are the days we were looked down upon by westerners. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们被西方人看不起的日子一去不复返了。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，days是先行词，从句中缺少时间状语，因此使用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 3．I became uncomfortably aware the people at the next table were watching me. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不安地意识到邻桌的人在看着我。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句的语义和成分均是完整的，使用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 4．We all some extent remember the good times and forget the bad. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在某种程度上，我们都记得好时光，忘记坏时光。固定短语to some extent：在某种程度上，故填to。 5．The heavy rain caused a great delay in the (deliver) of the mail. 【答案】delivery 【详解】考查名词。句意：大雨使邮件的投递严重延误。根据空前the可知，空处应用名词delivery（不可数），作宾语。故填delivery。 6． (remove) our f ingers from smartphones, we went outdoors and smelt the earthy soil after the rain. 【答案】Having removed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把手指从智能手机上移开，我们走到户外，闻着雨后泥土的气息。此为非谓语动词作“(remove) our f ingers from smartphones状语，remove与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，且remove发生在谓语动作went之前，故用现在分词的完成式表动作已经完成；句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having removed。 7． (obvious), when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，当你哥哥这么做的时候，你会觉得这是一件很酷的事情。空格处作状语，修饰下文的句子，应该用副词形式obviously。故填Obviously。 8．An expert has proposed (establish) a fund to raise money for the protection of the nature preserve. 【答案】estalishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位专家提议设立一项基金，为保护自然保护区筹集资金。短语propose doing sth.表示“提议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填estalishing。 9．It was not until World War II that the importance of Fleming’s (discover) of penicillin (青霉素) was fully recognized. 【答案】discovery 【详解】考查名词。句意：直到第二次世界大战，人们才充分认识到弗莱明发现青霉素的重要性。作介词的宾语，用名词discovery，此处特指青霉素的发现用单数。故填discovery。 10．The programme makes poetry more (access) to young people. 【答案】accessible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个节目让年轻人更容易接触到诗歌。句中用“make +名词+形容词”结构，access的形容词形式为accessible作宾语补足语，表示“可接近的，容易理解的”之意。故填accessible。 11．The company acted (responsible) when it came to f ighting the virus. 【答案】responsibly 【详解】考查副词。句意：公司在抗击病毒时表现得很负责任。根据句意和结构，空格处需要副词形式来修饰动词acted。responsible的副词形式是responsibly，意为“负责任地”。故填responsibly。 12．He expressed gratitude to the king for his warm reception and considerate (arrange). 【答案】arrangement(s) 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对国王的热情接待和周到的安排表示感谢。空格处用名词作宾语，arrange的名词是arrangement，意为“安排”是可数名词，此处其单数或复数形式均符合语境。故填arrangement(s)。 13．When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the majority of the students in the class (be) against it. 【答案】were 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 当校长宣布他的计划时，班上大多数学生都表示反对。the majority of the students作主语，be是复数形式，再根据“spoke”可知，复数形式were。故填were。 14．Most travel agencies now make their travel (arrange) meet individual needs. 【答案】arrangement 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在大多数旅行社都根据个人需求安排旅行。空处作宾语，需用名词arrangement。故填arrangement。 15．A jazz band provided the (entertain), while people ate and drank under the stars. 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个爵士乐队提供娱乐，而人们在星空下吃喝。根据空格前the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式entertainment作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填entertainment。 16．The (percent) of girls in engineering has increased considerably. 【答案】percentage 【详解】考查名词。句意：工科女生的比例有了很大的提高。根据“has increased considerably”可推知，此处讨论的是工科女生的比例，“比例”应用名词percentage，作句子的主语，结合has可知，percentage应用单数形式。故填percentage。 17．Once a week or twice a month, it is a good (entertain) for you to watch movies. 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查名词。句意：每周一次或每月两次，看电影对你来说是一种很好的娱乐。分析句子结构可知，形容词good （好的）后接名词进行修饰，空处可使用名词entertainment（娱乐）在句中作表语。故填entertainment。 18．Stay away from houses or buildings being (build) or knocked down. 【答案】built 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：远离正在建造或正在拆除的房屋或建筑物。非谓语动词build和前文名词houses or buildings之间是逻辑被动关系，故用其过去分词和being构成现在分词的被动语态，作后置定语。故填built。 19．He always asked challenging questions to everyone he met, (upset) many people in Athens. 【答案】upsetting 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他总是向他遇到的每个人提出富有挑战性的问题，这让雅典的许多人感到不安。分析可知，此处为非谓语，表示自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填upsetting。 20．Here I sincerely express my (appreciate) if you could give me some advice. 【答案】appreciation 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果您能给我一些建议，在此我会衷心感谢。分析句子可知，“my”为形容词性物主代词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“appreciation”意为“感谢”，为不可数名词。故填appreciation。 21．When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit (scare). 【答案】scary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你打开字典时，你经常会遇到很多不熟悉的单词。你可能会觉得这有点吓人。根据空前is a bit可知，空处需填形容词作表语，描述这种情况是令人害怕的，scare是动词，其形容词形式scary，意为“令人害怕的”。故填scary。 22．Kim Cobb is demanded (cut) back on their air travel because of climate change. 【答案】to cut 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：由于气候变化，Kim Cobb被要求减少航空旅行。此处为demand sb. to do sth.的被动结构“sb. be demanded to do sth.”意为“某人被要求做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式，cut back on意为“削减”。故填to cut。 23． (quit) your job now is not a good idea. 【答案】Quitting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：现在辞职不是一个好主意。“_____ (quit) your job now”作主语，用动名词形式quitting，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Quitting。 24．Many young boys become computer (addict), which may have an adverse effect on their growth. 【答案】addicts 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：许多小男孩沉迷于电脑，这可能对他们的成长产生不利影响。句子表示“许多小男孩成为了沉迷于电脑的人”，空格处意为“沉迷于……的人”，是addict，由boys可知，空格处用复数。故填addicts。 25．Her biography (reveal) that she was not as rich as everyone thought. 【答案】revealed 【详解】考查动词、时态。句意：她的传记揭示她并不像大家想的那么富有。本句描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去时。reveal意为“揭示”，其过去式为revealed，故填revealed。 26．Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while (perform) the routine. 【答案】performing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：幸运的是，我的教练教会了我在做常规动作时如何放松肌肉，保持内心的平静。perform“做”。while引导时间状语从句，当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词含有系动词be时，从句的主语和be可以省略；本题中while引导的时间状语从句的完整句子为while I was _________ (perform) the routine，从句时态用过去进行时，从句中省略I was，保留performing。故填performing。 27．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：一旦暴露在光线下，胶片就会受损并变得无法使用。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中once引导的状语从句中完整句子为Once the film is exposed to light，句子主语the film和动词expose构成动宾关系，需用被动语态，省略the film is，保留过去分词exposed。故填exposed。 28． awakened, the lions performed a lively flying dance, with acrobats hidden under the costumes jumping up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds. 【答案】Once/When 【详解】考查从属连词。句意：一旦被唤醒，“狮子”们就表演了一场生动活泼的飞狮舞，藏在狮子服饰下的杂技演员在 3 米高的杆子上跳上跳下，引得人群发出热烈的掌声。此处为状语从句的省略，省去了从句的“主语+be动词”，结合句意，此处需要引导时间状语从句的从属连词，表示“一……就……”的从属连词为once或when，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Once/When。 29． (globe) warming is a serious problem that we need to address. 【答案】Global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全球变暖是我们需要解决的一个严重问题。修饰名词warming，应用形容词global“全球的”，作定语，首字母大写。故填Global。 30．There is a rising tendency towards language learning (global), with billions of dollars spent on it each year. 【答案】globally 【详解】考查副词。句意：在全球范围内，学习语言的趋势正在上升，每年在这方面的花费高达数十亿美元。空处应用副词，修饰句子，作状语；globally为副词，表示“全球地”，符合句意。故填globally。 31．The food in this restaurant is (absolute) delicious and the service is excellent. 【答案】absolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家餐厅的食物绝对美味，而且服务很棒。此处是用来修饰形容词 “delicious（美味的）”，需要用副词形式。“absolute” 是形容词，意为 “绝对的，完全的”，其副词形式 “absolute” 的副词形式 “absolutely” 表示 “绝对地，完全地”，强调程度，用于加强对食物美味程度的描述，符合句子语境要求。故填absolutely。 32．— Can we leave a little early? — (absolute)! 【答案】Absolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：—— 我们能早点离开吗？—— 当然可以！在口语中，absolutely 常用于肯定回答，意为“当然可以”。因此填副词absolutely，句首单词首字母大写。故填Absolutely。 33．You must be (absolute) silent or the birds won’t appear. 【答案】absolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：你必须绝对安静，否则鸟儿不会出现。空处修饰形容词silent，用副词作状语。故填absolutely。 34．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt. 【答案】crossing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：过马路时，她撞上了一辆汽车，膝盖受了重伤。while引导时间状语从句，主语为she，时态为过去进行时，谓语结构为was crossing，当从句主语和主句主语一致时，省略从句的主语和be动词，保留现在分词。故填crossing。 35． (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. 【答案】Being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：配备现代化设施对于学校提供一个良好的学习环境是必要的。空处和空后的with modern facilities搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，equip“配备”和a school逻辑上是被动关系，因此应用equip动名词的被动语态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Being equipped。 36．As we all know, (spot) new planets is not very common in our solar system. 【答案】spotting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道，在我们的太阳系中，发现新行星并不常见。此句中谓语动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，用spot“发现”的动名词，作主语。故填spotting。 37．Alcohol can damage the liver if (consume) in large quantities. 【答案】consumed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果大量饮酒，酒精会损害肝脏。设空处构成状语从句的省略结构，此处需要将条件状语从句补全为if alcohol is consumed in large quantities，主句与从句主语一致，从句中的主语及be动词可省略，因此使用过去分词consumed。故填consumed。 38．When (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. 【答案】taking 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在比赛期间拍照时，请关闭闪光灯。take photos意为“拍照”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。逗号后为祈使句，省略了主语you，故when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语you和系动词are，故从句描述正在发生的动作，时态用现在进行时。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子应为“When you are taking photos”，省略主语you are后，保留现在分词形式。故填taking。 39．If (expose) to extreme heat, the plastic material may melt. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果暴露在极端高温下，这种塑料材料可能会融化。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。此句中If从句主语与主句主语the plastic material一致，the plastic material与expose“使接触”为被动关系，结合主句可知此从句用一般现在时的被动语态，从句为If the plastic material is exposed to extreme heat，从句的主语和be动词可省略，保留过去分词。故填exposed。 40．Further information is available on the (apply) forms. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：更多详细信息可在申请表上找到。空处应用名词application“申请”在句中作定语，修饰名词forms。故填application。 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．The teacher made a c on my essay that it needed more evidence to support the arguments, which was very helpful for my improvement. 【答案】comment/omment 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师在我的文章上评论说，它需要更多的证据来支持论点，这对我的提高很有帮助。根据“The teacher”和“on my essay that it needed more evidence...”可推知，老师对文章作出评论，结合首字母提示，用名词comment作宾语，意为“评论”，由空前不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填comment。 2．The local government e a school to get these kids educated. 【答案】established/stablished 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：当地政府建立了一所学校来教育这些孩子。根据句意和首字母提示，这里指的是“建立”，用动词establish作谓语，结合语境，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填established。 3．The coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. (显然地)，I was unhappy, but I won’t give up. 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：教练告诉我，我打得不够好。显然，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“显然地”应用obviously，为副词，在本句中作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Obviously。 4．Everyone is a of the importance of land greening. 【答案】aware/ware 【详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人都意识到土地绿化的重要性。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词作表语；再根据句意和已给首字母可知，意识到土地绿化的重要性，be aware of是固定搭配，意为“意识到……”，符合题意。故填aware。 5．We promise to d (递送) your order to your door within 48 hours. 【答案】deliver/eliver 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们承诺在48小时内把您的订单送到您家门口。根据中英文提示，表示“递送”用deliver，位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填deliver。 6．The children were having a great time, s (滑动) around on the polished floor. 【答案】sliding/liding 【详解】考查动词。句意：孩子们玩得很开心，在光滑的地板上滑来滑去。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“滑动”应用slid，为动词，在本句中作非谓语，The children与slid为主动关系，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填sliding。 7．The young man (创立) an IT company after he graduated from university. 【答案】established/founded 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个年轻人大学毕业后创办了一家IT公司。“创立”为动词establish或found作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填established/founded。 8．They are making a (安排) for their daughter’s wedding. 【答案】arrangements/rrangements 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们正在筹备女儿的婚礼。空处应用名词，作宾语；由首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词arrangement，为可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指，作宾语，动词短语make arrangements for“安排。故填arrangements。 9．This book gives you some （指导方针）to solve the problem of Internet addiction. 【答案】guidelines 【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书给了你一些解决网瘾问题的指导方针。根据汉语提示可知，表示“指导方针”可用名词guideline，又因为guideline是可数名词，再根据空格前的some可知，应该用名词的复数形式。故填guidelines。 10．He made some helpful c on my work (评论). 【答案】comments/omments 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对我的工作做出了一些有益的评论。根据汉语提示和首字母c以及空格前的made some可知，空格处应该用复数名词comments，作宾语。故填comments。 11．Sooner or later you’ll a the beauty of this language. 【答案】appreciate/ppreciate 【详解】考查动词。句意：迟早你会意识到这种语言的美。根据句意和首字母提示，这里指的是“意识到”，用动词appreciate作谓语。在助动词will后，动词需用原形构成一般将来时态。故填appreciate。 12．The ice was thin in some areas, (裂开) loudly as we walked across it. 【答案】cracking 【详解】考查动词。句意：有些地方的冰很薄，我们走过时发出很大的破裂声。根据汉语提示“裂开”，可知应填crack，此处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the ice与crack之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词cracking。故填cracking。 13．She had q her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 【答案】quitted/uitted/quit/uit 【详解】考查动词。句意：去年我拜访她时，她已经辞去了高薪工作，正在附近做志愿者。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“辞职”，为动词quit，由had可知，此处应用过去分词quitted/quit与had构成过去完成时，故填quitted/quit。 14．R for the course usually takes place a week before the start of term. 【答案】Registering/egistering 【详解】考查动词。句意：注册课程通常在学期开始前一周进行。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处为动词register“注册，登记”，作主语，应用动名词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Registering。 15．R our school, I am glad to tell you something about this activity. 【答案】Representing/epresenting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我很高兴代表我们学校向大家介绍这次活动。根据首字母提示，represent为动词，表示“代表”，符合句意；根据句中谓语“am”可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，与“I”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用其现在分词形式；句首字母大写。故填Representing。 16．Mozart composed his last o shortly before he died. 【答案】opera/pera 【详解】考查名词。句意：莫扎特在去世前不久创作了他的最后一部歌剧。根据单词首字母以及句意“歌剧”可知，应填名词opera，作宾语，opera为可数名词，根据his last可知，需填名词单数形式。故填opera。 17．The season’s (娱乐活动) include five new plays and several concerts. 【答案】entertainments 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一季的娱乐活动包括五部新剧和几场音乐会。设空处使用名词作主语，根据句意和汉语提示，表示“娱乐活动”用entertainment，句中谓语为include为动词原形，故主语应该为复数。故填entertainments。 18．Modern households rely heavily on d (appliances) such as washing machines to simplify daily tasks and chores. 【答案】devices/evices 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代家庭严重依赖诸如洗衣机之类的设备来简化日常任务和家务。根据句意“设备”和首字母d以及空格前的介词on可知，空格处应该用名词device的正确形式作宾语，可数名词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填devices。 19．Of all the fibers now used by man, a very large (百分比) is man-made. 【答案】percentage 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们现在所使用的纤维，很大成分上是人造的。百分比是名词，要用percentage，故填percentage。 20．It’s a bit (吓人的，恐怖的) to think that some day, instead of machines working for us, we will be working for them. 【答案】scary/frightening 【详解】考查形容词。句意：想到有一天不是机器为我们工作，而是我们为它们工作，这有点可怕。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词scary/frightening，作表语。故填scary/frightening。 三．按照要求完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will (使运送食物变得困难，make it+adj. +to do sth.) 【答案】make it difficult to deliver food 【详解】考查it作形式宾语、时态、形容词、非谓语动词。句意：危险的条件和受损的道路会使运送食物变得困难。make it+adj.+to do sth.中，it为形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语，本空make“使得”用原形，与空前的will构成一般将来时。表示“困难的”用形容词difficult，作宾补。表示“运送食物”用deliver food，用不定式短语，作真正的主语。故填make it difficult to deliver food。 2．手机最大的优势之一在于它能帮我们建立并保持社会联系。 One of the greatest advantages of cell phone lies in the fact that it helps and . 【答案】 establish maintain social ties 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意，help (to) do sth，表示“建立”为 establish；表示“保持”为maintain；“社会关系”为social ties，作宾语。故填①establish②maintain③social ties。 3．父母往往认为，孩子们如果有机会上网，就总是玩游戏。 Parents think that their children will always play games if they have the Internet. 【答案】 tend to access to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“往往……”短语为tend to，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形；表示“有机会……；可以使用”短语为have access to。故填tend to和access to。 4．一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目（会自动播放），…… Your lights will come you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programs, … 【答案】 on the instant 【详解】考查副词和连词。on作副词时，可表示电器、电源等在接通或使用中，可表示句中的灯“亮起”，所以第一空为on，第二、三处空格处应填入一个短语并引导后面的从句，构成一个时间状语从句，名词短语the instant可引 时间状语从句，表示“一……就”。故填①on②the③instant。 5．他在乡村长大，这就是他喜爱乡村生活的原因。 He was in the country, which for his love for the country life. 【答案】 brought up accounted 【详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。空1和2为固定短语bring up，意为“养育，抚养”，和前面的was构成被动语态，应用过去分词；空3为account，和for构成固定短语accout for，意为“说明(原因，理由等)”，根据上文可知用一般过去时，故填brought；up；accounted。 6．互联网给我们提供了大量触手可及的信息，但组织这些信息就变得麻烦了。 The Internet puts tons of information   , but organizing it gets a bit tricky. 【答案】at our fingertips 【详解】考查介词短语。根据上文“The Internet puts tons of information(互联网给我们提供了大量信息)”以及下文“but organizing it gets a bit tricky(但组织这些信息就变得麻烦了)”可知，空白处应填表示“触手可及；唾手可得”含义的表达，“at one’s fingertips”为固定短语，表示“触手可及；唾手可得”，故填at our fingertips。 7．In the past, our friends and family was a usual thing, but things have changed remarkably. （与……失去联系） 【答案】 losing track of 【详解】考查动词短语和动名词。句意：在过去，与朋友和家人失去联系是一件很平常的事情，但情况发生了显著变化。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语lose track of“失去联系”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以此处为动名词短语作主语。故分别填losing；track；of。 8．Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, about 100 glaciers. (leave) 大约在9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。 【答案】 leaving behind 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“把……遗留在”用固定短语leave...behind，本句谓语为melted，此处为非谓语动词，且this ice与leave...behind为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填①leaving；②behind。 9． body language is an important component of being a teacher. (react) 对肢体语言做出反应是作为一名教师的重要组成部分。 【答案】 Reacting to 【详解】考查动词词组及动名词作主语。根据中文提示，这里需要填入两个单词的短语表示“对……做出反应”，可以使用react to，符合题意。在句子里充当主语，应该将其转化为动名词的形式，句首字母大写。故答案是①Reacting②to。 10．从山顶上看，我们发现这个城市更美了。(现在分词作状语) , we can find the city more beautiful. 【答案】Seeing from the hilltop 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“从山顶上看”可用非谓语动词短语表达，动词see“看”和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示条件，表达为sing from the hilltop。句首字母大写，故填Seeing from the hilltop。 11．为了维持公司的运转，我们必须三班倒。(现在分词作补语) We have to work in three shifts to . 【答案】keep the company running 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，此处应为动词短语keep sth doing“使……一直做某事”，分析句子并结合空前的to可知，此处为不定式作目的状语，to是不定式符号，表示“公司”为company；表示“运转”为动词run，此处为用现在分词形式running，宾语the company与run是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填keep the company running。 12．我轻轻地把睡着的婴儿放下。(现在分词作定语) I put the down gently. 【答案】sleeping baby 【详解】考查形容词和名词。表示“睡着的”应用现在分词转化的形容词sleeping 作定语修饰名词baby，此处指睡着的那个孩子，baby应用单数形式。故填sleeping baby。 13．I (将非常感激) if you could take the trouble to do so much for me. (appreciate) 【答案】would appreciate it 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果你能为我费心做那么多，我将非常感激。本句为为固定句型：I would appreciate it if......。故填would appreciate it。 14．我足球踢得不好，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。 I am unhappy that I don’t play football well, . 【答案】but I won’t quit 【详解】考查时态和动词。“但”使用连词but，“放弃”使用动词quit，此处是描述将来的事情，使用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，且本句是否定句，故填but I won’t quit。 15．给我印象最深的是他的永不放弃的决心。 me most was his determination never to . 【答案】 What impressed quit 【详解】考查主语从句以及动词。根据汉语提示可知，第一、二个空处需要填入“给我印象最深的是”，此处需要主语从句，用what引导该从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”。从句中的谓语动词用impress“给……留下深刻印象”。根据主句中的was可知，此处用一般过去时态。第三个空处需要填入“放弃”，可用动词quit。空前为动词不定式符号to，所以动词用原形。故填①What②impressed③quit。 16．We (全神贯注看着) the television watching the news about the accident. 【答案】were glued to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们目不转睛地盯着电视看事故的新闻。根据中文提示可知，表示“全神贯注看着”可用be glued to，为固定搭配，且这里时态应用一般过去时表示过去情况。故填were glued to。 17．危险的条件和受损的道路使得运送食物和其他补给品非常困难。 (make后加宾补结构) 【答案】Dangerous conditions and damaged roads made it very hard to deliver food and other supplies. 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“危险的条件和受损的道路”应用dangerous conditions and damaged roads；表示“使”应用make，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；其固定句型是make it adj+ to do...，it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语；表示“非常困难”应用very hard；表示“运送食物和其他补给品”应用deliver food and other supplies。故翻译成：Dangerous conditions and damaged roads made it very hard to deliver food and other supplies. 18．该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。（it作形式主语）（汉译英） 【答案】It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 【详解】考查形式主语、状语从句、动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；“It seemed that…”是固定句型，表示“似乎……”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；“喜欢某物如此之多以至于……”可以翻译为“like sth. so much that…”；“从水泵抽上来的水”翻译为“the water from the pump”；“让别人做某事”可以翻译为“have sth. done”；“让人把水运到家里”翻译为“have it delivered to her house”；“每天”翻译为“every day”。故翻译为It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day。 19．中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。（分词作定语） 【答案】A team of scientists aiming to discover new therapies for malaria was established by the Chinese government, with Tu Youyou among the first researchers. 【详解】考查分词作定语及with复合结构。分析句子结构，可以将“旨在……”作为“科学家团队”的后置定语，“旨在……”翻译成aim to do，它和逻辑主语科学家团队呈主动关系，所以使用现在分词的形式；“发现新型抗疟疾疗法”可以翻译成discover new therapies for malaria。“成立”翻译成establish，和主语a team of scientists为被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，所以“中国政府成立了一支科学家团队”翻译成A team of scientists was established by the Chinese government。“屠呦呦入选……”这句话可以使用with的复合结构来进行翻译，翻译为with Tu Youyou among the first researchers。故整句可翻译为A team of scientists aiming to discover new therapies for malaria was established by the Chinese government, with Tu Youyou among the first researchers. 20．明天做好必要的安排后，他将要动身去杭州。(arrangement,现在进行时表将来) 【答案】He is leaving for Hangzhou after he makes necessary arrangements tomorrow. 【详解】考查时态、短语和连词。表示“动身去某地”用leave for，此处用现在进行时表将来，表示“动身去杭州”短语为leave for Hangzhou；表示“做好必要的安排”应用动词短语make necessary arrangements，作时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主将从现可知，此处应用一般现在时makes，表示“必要的”用necessary，此处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“明天”用tomorrow；最后，表示“在……后”应用after引导时间状语从句。故翻译为He is leaving for Hangzhou after he makes necessary arrangements tomorrow. 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