Unit 2 Period 2 Grammar and composition—Idioms-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 2　Grammar and composition—Idioms

阅读以下短文，感知并猜测黑体部分的意思

You know that I have ①the bottom line.I said I didn’t want to ②rock the boat in any way.I always ③tell it like it is but，sometimes the truth hurts.If I tell you the truth，you must ④keep your shirt on；we will support you at any time.So never do anything making yourself ⑤cry over spilt milk!

1．the bottom line底线

2．rock the boat找麻烦

3．tell it like it is实话实说

4．keep one’s shirt on 保持冷静

5．cry over spilt milk后悔莫及

习语

习语(idioms)也称惯用语，是经过人们长期运用、已经相对固定的表达方式。习语具有特定形式和含义，须作为一个整体使用，其意义不能简单地按照各个单词的字面意思来理解。习语言简意赅，形象生动，与其所属的文化有着紧密联系。

1．英语习语的构成形式通常有以下几种：

(1)名词短语。如：

In the city I am nothing，but in the country I am considered a big fish.

在城里我并不是什么大人物，但是在乡下我被认为是个了不起的人物。

For him，the work is a piece of cake.

对他来说，这点活儿就是小菜一碟。

If you have a good idea for improving my pronunciation，I’m all ears.

如果你对改进我的发音有好的主意，我洗耳恭听。

I like being a couch potato!

我喜欢窝在沙发上看电视！

(2)动词短语。如：

Come on，do the latest dance，get with it!

来吧，跳最新式的舞蹈，要跟上时代潮流！

Once I’m qualified in my profession，I intend to go places.

一旦我有资格从事自己的职业，我就想获得成功。

When he crashed his car，all his travel plans went up in smoke.

他把汽车撞坏了，他的整个旅行计划都泡汤了。

(3)介词短语。如：

He was found cheating on the exam，and now he’s in hot water.

他考试作弊被发现了，现在他可麻烦了。

James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot.

詹姆斯被叫去见制片人，当场就得到了那份工作。

In that business，the old man is really in the driver’s seat.

在那个行业中，这位老人确实掌有控制权。

He hits the target on the nose.

他正好击中了目标。

(4)形容词短语。如：

He was green with envy when he heard the news.

他听到这个消息时非常嫉妒。

They beat the thief black and blue.

他们把小偷打得青一块紫一块。

We will go all out to help you through thick and thin.

我们将竭尽全力帮助你解决一切艰难险阻。

2．习语具有文化属性，在不同的文化中，反映相同事物的词语可能有不同的感情色彩。比如与狗相关的习语，在英语中多为褒义，而汉语中多为贬义。如：

英语：He is a lucky dog.他是一个幸运儿。(褒义)

汉语：狗嘴里吐不出象牙。(贬义)

完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用习语

我的孩子，你的妈妈告诉我说，你有麻烦事。语言学习对某些人来说是小菜一碟，但对于别人来说，可能有点难，这是我们必须承认的事实。我们将竭尽全力帮助你解决一切艰难险阻。提升的过程可能有点缓慢，只要你耐心点，你会成功的。试一下，我们信任你。我们期盼着不久的将来，你成为一个幸运儿。

My boy，your mother tells me that 1.you are in hot water.Learning languages is 2.a piece of cake to some people，while others feel it a little difficult，which we must acknowledge.We will go all out to help you through 3. thick and thin.The process of improving can be a little slow.As long as you 4.hold your horses，you will make it.5.Give it a shot! We have faith in you.We expect you

6.to be a lucky dog in the near future.

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Jose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties.

“I was working in a field near Stockton，and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps，” said Jose，who was a senior in high school at the time.“I was already interested in science and engineering，” Jose remembered，“and that was the moment I said，‘I want to fly in space.’”

As one of four children in a migrant(迁移的) farming family from Mexico，Jose who didn’t learn English until he was 12 years old，spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March，then working northward to the Stockton area by November，picking strawberries and cucumbers on farms along the route.They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in spring.“Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that，” Jose laughed，“but we had to work.”

After graduating from high school，Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific.In 1987，he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory.In 2001，Jose joined the Johnson Space Center，where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.

“We actually had common experiences—the similar upbringing，the same language issues.That built up my confidence.Any barriers that existed，he had already overcome them，” Jose smiled.“Now it’s my turn！”

“NASA rejected me not once，not twice，not three times but 11 times.It wasn’t until the 12th time that I got selected，” he said.Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004.He circled the globe 217 times but remained a down to Earth guy.

Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.

语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jose Hernandez 克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想的故事。

 

1．What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?

A．The influence of Astronaut Corps.

B．The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.