Unit 2 Period 1 Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

COME AND EAT HERE (2) A week later, Wang Peng’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. He did not look forward to being in debt1 because his restaurant was no longer popular. He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not look happy but glared2 at him. “May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day? I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on3 me and my menu ，” she shouted. “Please excuse me，” he calmly explained, “I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week. I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant. I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising4 the benefits of my food. Why don’t you sit down and try a meal？” Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken cooked with garlic5. When they were served the ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill. “I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food，” she said, “I miss my vegetables and fruit.” Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he sighed. “Yes，” he added，“and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork. Don’t you get tired quickly？” “Well, I do have to rest a lot，” admitted Yong Hui.“But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? I’m sure you’d feel much healthier.” They began to talk about menus and balanced diets. “According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，” explained Wang Peng.“I don’t offer enough fibre6 and you don’t offer enough body-building and energy-giving food. Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.” So that is what they did. They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than fried them. They served fresh fruit with the ice cream. In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal. Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight. After some time the two found that their business cooperation7 had turned into a personal one. Finally they got married and lived happily ever after. (选自人教版旧教材必修3 Unit 2) 词汇积累 1.debt /det/ n．债；债务 2．glare /ɡleə/ vi.怒目而视 3．spy on暗中监视；侦查 4．advertise /'ædvətaɪz/ vt.为……做广告 vi.登广告；做广告 5．garlic /'ɡɑːlɪk/ n．大蒜 6．fibre /'faɪbə/ n．纤维；纤维制品 7．cooperation /kəʊˌɒpə'reɪʃn/ n．合作；协作 Period 1　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．abuse　　 　 A．considering only the bad side of sth/sb；lacking enthusiasm or hope 2．dominate 　 B．the use of sth in a way that is wrong or harmful 3．reward 　 C．to need or depend on sb/sth 4．rely 　 　   D．to remove sth that has been written or printed，or that has been stored on a computer 5．facilitate 　 E．to make an action or a process possible or easier 6．negative 　 F．expecting bad things to happen or sth not to be successful 7．pessimistic G．to control sb/sth，especially in an unpleasant way 8．delete 　　 H．a thing that you are given because you have done sth good，worked hard，etc. 答案　1.B　2.G　3.H　4.C　5.E　6.A　7.F　8.D Ⅱ.选词填空 after all，in response to，decide on，rely on，replace...with...，prevent...from...，straight away，take steps 1．These comments came in response to specific questions often asked by critical journalists. 2．Now that you have graduated from college，you should not rely on your parents any more. 3．The drowning guy was pushed out of water and was given first aid straight away. 4．After graduating from university last year，my sister decided on a career in publishing. 5．She is not content with her present life and wishes to take steps to improve it. 6．Why not give him another chance? After all，everybody makes mistakes. 7．The father is trying his best to prevent his son from abandoning himself to the Internet. 8．I wish that violent game could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive events. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大义 What is the text mainly about? A．What a habit is. B．Why bad habits should be changed. C．How to change bad habits and create good ones. D．What the “habit cycle” is. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Match the main idea with each paragraph. Part 1(Para.1)　　　A．How to change a bad habit and create good ones. Part 2(Para.2)　 　B．The cycle of how habits are formed. Part 3(Paras.3－4)　C．Changing habits gradually. Part 4(Para.5)　 　D．No easy way to change bad habits. Part 5(Para.6)　 　E．What a habit is. Part 6(Para.7)　 　F．Why bad teenage habits should be changed. 答案　Part 1 F　Part 2 E　Part 3 B　Part 4 A　Part 5 C　Part 6 D Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What should teenagers first do to prevent harmful habits from dominating their life? A．Stay away from bad habits. B．Recognise bad habits. C．Think out ways to get rid of them. D．Change themselves. 答案　B 2．How does the author develop this paragraph? A．By making comparisons. B．By citing quotations. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 答案　C Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．How we can get rid of bad habits. B．How bad habits are formed. C．How we can make a choice. D．Why choices can become automatic. 答案　B 2．We can change bad habits if we . A．know about modern psychology B．understand how habits work C．take regular action D．get reward from the routine 答案　B 3．How does the author support his idea? A．By making comparisons. B．By citing quotations. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 答案　B Ⅲ.Read Paras.3－4 carefully and do the following exercise. What is the habit cycle? A．Routine→cue→reward. B．Reward→cue→routine. C．Cue→routine→reward. D．Cue→reward→routine. 答案　C Ⅳ.Read Paras.5－7 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What do we do first to promote a positive change in bad habits? A．Adapt to bad habit cycles. B．Listen to some of our favourite music. C．Examine our bad habit cycles. D．Replace a negative routine with a positive one. 答案　C 2．What does “magic pill” in the last paragraph mean? A．A kind of medicine. B．A pill eaten by a patient. C．A way to solve all problems. D．A medicine to cure all illnesses. 答案　C 3．What do teenagers need to change bad habits? A．Immediate action. B．Big goals. C．Enough time. D．Magic pill. 答案　C Ⅴ.Read the passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What can we infer from the passage? A．It is easy to change bad habits. B．One step is enough for changing bad habits. C．Changing bad habits is not easy. D．Bad habits can disappear in a short time. 答案　C 2．What kind of attitude does the author hold to changing bad habits? A．Negative. B．Sad. C．Doubtful. D．Positive. 答案　D Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Do you have any bad habits？If so，how can you change them? 答案　Yes，I have some bad habits，such as being addicted to playing computer games and being lazy.I want to change my bad habits，and form good ones.To change bad habits，I will first examine my bad habit cycles，replace a negative routine with something positive，and create good habits.Most importantly，I will make great efforts to change the situation. 2．Create a new habit cycle. The habit cycle Bad habit New habit Cue (1)finished lunch (4)finish lunch Routine (2)went to bed immediately (5)go to the playground and walk for 10 minutes Reward (3)felt relaxed but it’s not healthy (6)feel relaxed and healthier Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 As teenagers grow up，they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However，during this period，it can be easy 1.for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits，if 2.left(leave) unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 3.attempts(attempt)．The good news is that we can change our bad habits if we understand 4.how habits work.To facilitate 5.a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by 6.combining(combine) the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.We can also use the habit cycle 7.to create(create) good habits.Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly,8.but over a period of time.To reach the goal of change，a person must 9.repeatedly(repeated) take many small steps. Young people have the power to build a happy and 10.healthy(health) life full of good habits! Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. [句式分析]　该句为复合句。if引导的为条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are；when引导时间状语从句；短语lead to 意思是“导致，致使”，to为介词。 [自主翻译]　如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。 2．There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.” [句式分析]　该句为简单句。based on the philosophy of Aristotle为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰saying。引语“We are what we repeatedly do.”为复合句，what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。 [自主翻译]　有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。” 3．The good news is that we can change，if we understand how habits work. [句式分析]　该句为复合句。that引导表语从句；if引导条件状语从句；how引导宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。 4．For example，when we feel unhappy (cue)，we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine)，which makes us feel happy (reward)． [句式分析]　该句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句；feel happy是省略to的动词不定式作make的宾语补足语。 [自主翻译]　例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Health is wealth，which is why many focus on Health and Well-being series events from New Scientist events. Specially recommended talk： Brain Power：Everything you need to know for a healthy，happy brain Time：3rd November; Thursday,6：00 pm－7：00 pm Venue：Live online and on demand Highlights：What does it mean to have a healthy，happy brain? The more we understand about the human brain，the more we are learning about what we can do to keep it in shape and healthy as we age.In this talk，Catherine de Lange will shine a spotlight on the latest science on brain health，including what we know about preventing cognitive(认知的) decline as we get older and what we can do about improving our mental well-being today.She will unpack the latest understanding on the way that sleep，diet，exercise and our social lives are very important for maintaining our gray matter and will share practical tips and lifestyle changes that can produce long-term brain benefits. Extra content from New Scientist The new Health and Well-being series from New Scientist events feature four online talks (live and available on demand)：Sleep Engineering (live in September)，Nutrition (live in October)，Brain Power (live in November) and Laughter (live in December)． You can purchase a single ticket to one lecture for just ￡13，or save 25% off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all 4 talks. What’s included in your ticket： Live lecture lasting 60 minutes including Q & A with Catherine de Lange On-demand access to a recording of the lecture and Q & A for 12 months 语篇解读　这是一篇应用文。文章对新科学家活动中的健康系列讲座进行了介绍。 1．What does Catherine de Lange’s lecture focus on? A．A slow-down in brain aging. B．A good understanding of gray matter. C．Approaches to mastering brain research. D．Ways to maintain the brain young forever. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Highlights部分第三句“In this talk，Catherine de Lange...about preventing cognitive(认知的) decline as we get older...”可知，Catherine de Lange的讲座的重点是减缓大脑的衰老。故选A。 2．Which month’s lecture should you attend to make your diet healthier? A．September. B．October. C．November. D．December. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Extra content from New Scientist部分第一段中的“Nutrition (live in October)”可知，为使你的饮食更健康，你应该参加十月份的讲座。故选B。 3．How much should you pay if you buy a series ticket to all 4 talks? A．￡13. B．￡25. C．￡39. D．￡52. 答案　C 解析　数字计算题。根据Extra content from New Scientist部分第二段内容可知，购买4场讲座的系列讲座票应付13×4×(1－25%)＝39英镑。故选C。 B Scroll through social media sites such as Instagram，Twitter or Facebook and you will be confronted with picture after picture of perfectly presented and delicious-looking meals.While the smell and taste of food can have an undeniably powerful effect on our cravings，are endless posts of steaming snacks more than just a feast for our eyes? Our eating habits are influenced by what we see.“There is some evidence that，if you see pictures of food，that visual stimulation can prompt you to feel a desire to eat，” says Suzanne Higgs，a professor in the psychobiology of appetite.“If all your friends on social media are posting pictures or livestreaming of themselves consuming fast food，it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do.” Scientists are becoming increasingly concerned that food-related content on social media is making us think differently about food.Social media algorithms(算法) promote content that users engage with more，so viewing more unhealthy food means seeing more of it on our social media feeds. It seems that healthier foods are often seen as boring in comparison，says Tina Tessitore，associate professor of marketing.“In advertising，you see unhealthy food in social settings—people having a barbecue with friends，for example，while healthy food often focuses more on the nutritional value.If you saw friends eating salad together，it would seem so incredible，” she says. But while studies have found that social media can make us think differently about food，and that we typically engage more with content featuring unhealthy food，it’s uncertain yet whether this actually translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life.“If I’m scrolling through Instagram，looking at photos of tasty food，whether I seek out the food depends on how hungry I am，and whether it’s appropriate in that moment，” says Higgs.And when we do eat，we’re influenced by more than what we’ve seen online，she adds. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着社交媒体上出现越来越多的美食图片，人们开始关注观看不健康食物的内容是否会影响我们的食物观念，以及是否会养成不健康的饮食习惯。 4．What does the author want to tell us in the first two paragraphs? A．The flavour of food can stimulate our appetite. B．There are many food posts on the social media. C．Social media can help us establish healthy habits. D．Food posts can bring us negative impacts as well. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段内容可知，作者在前两段想告诉我们，食物帖子不仅仅给我们带来视觉上的愉悦，也会给我们带来负面影响。故选D。 5．Why are scientists becoming increasingly worried? A．People may form the habit of viewing unhealthy food. B．Social media always encourage us to eat more. C．Food posts may have negative effects on people. D．Consuming fast food is becoming more common. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，科学家们之所以越来越担心，是因为社交媒体算法会推送用户参与更多的内容，因此观看更多不健康食品意味着社交媒体会推送更多不健康的食品，人们就可能会形成看不健康食物的习惯。故选A。 6．What can be inferred in advertising from paragraph 4? A．More attention has been paid to healthier foods. B．All healthy food seems to lack nutritional value. C．Friends can hardly be seen eating salad together. D．Having a barbecue is healthier than eating salad. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段Tina Tessitore说的话“In advertising，you see unhealthy food in social settings...If you saw friends eating salad together，it would seem so incredible”可知，在广告中几乎不会出现朋友们一起吃沙拉的情景。故选C。 7．What might the author tell us in the following paragraph? A．Social media is changing our daily behavior. B．More factors are influencing our eating habits. C．Photos of tasty food always appeal to us to eat. D．People have formed the same idea of food eating. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“it’s uncertain yet whether this actually translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life”和“And when we do eat，we’re influenced by more than what we’ve seen online”可知，还有其他因素会影响我们的饮食习惯，因此下一段会讲更多影响着我们的饮食习惯的因素，故选B。 C Do you need to throw your smartphone away to live your best life? Not necessarily，according to researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum who suggest that we could all benefit from cutting down on screen time—just only a little bit time. On average，we spend more than three hours a day glued to our smartphone screens.Between social media，news feeds，endless video games，and an app for pretty much everything else，there’s always something to draw our attention.In recent years，studies have blamed smartphones for modern problems ranging from rising anxiety rates to neck pain.It begs the question：Are people all really better off switching back to landlines(座机)? “The smartphone is both a blessing and a curse，” says study leader Dr.Julia Brailovskaia，whose team set out to answer that question by gathering together 619 volunteers，hoping to know how much the smartphone is good for us.Two hundred people put their smartphones completely aside for a week; 226 reduced the amount of time they used the device by one hour a day; 193 people didn’t change anything in their behavior. Researchers interviewed each person about both their overall lifestyle habits and well-being four months later after the experimental week ended.“We found that both completely giving up the smartphone and reducing its daily use by one hour had positive effects on the well-being of the participants，” as Brailovskaia sums up the upshots.Notably，changing their smartphone habits for just one week appeared to produce lasting outcomes among subjects.Even four months afterward，participants who were told to avoid using their smartphones totally were using their phones for an average of 38 minutes less per day. Meanwhile，the “one hour less” group were using their phones as much as 45 minutes less per day after four months.This group also showed improved life satisfaction，more exercise，and less depression. “It’s not necessary to completely give up the smartphone to feel better，” Brailovskaia concludes. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，减少屏幕时间有助于提高生活满意度。 8．What’s the purpose of paragraph 2? A．To answer the question on the smartphones. B．To explain why the experiment was done. C．To state disadvantages of the experiment. D．To stress the benefits of smartphones. 答案　B 解析　写作意图题。根据第二段最后两句和第三段第一句可推知，第二段的目的是解释为什么要做实验。故选B。 9．What did the researchers do to the volunteers before testing them? A．They trained them. B．They interviewed them. C．They gave them a physical exam. D．They divided them into groups. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Two hundred people put their smartphones...226 reduced the amount of time...193 people didn’t change anything...”可知，研究人员在对志愿者进行测试之前将他们进行了分组。故选D。 10．Which word can replace the underlined word “upshots” in paragraph 4? A．Purposes. B．Reasons. C．Results. D．Doubts. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。由画线单词上文“We found that both completely giving up...on the well-being of the participants”可知，Brailovskaia是对研究的结果进行了总结。由此可知，upshots意为“结果”。故选C。 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Fewer Smartphones，More Well-being B．No Smartphone Use Is the Best Policy C．Smartphones Are a Part of Our Lives D．A Small Smartphone，Two Big Sides 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据倒数第二段可知，文章主要说明了研究发现减少屏幕时间有助于提高生活满意度。所以A项“智能手机越少，幸福感越强”是本文的最佳标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·山东烟台高二期末) With the popularity of electronic devices，you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book. 1 So，how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading，as well as the habits of a lifelong reader? First of all，be sure to choose accessible books.Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids. 2 A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it.If he or she comes across 2－3 unfamiliar words，that book in general should be at his or her level.This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely.These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent. 3 Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read.Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable. 4 Such fun books as Captain Underpants，comics，and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose. Finally，create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories. 5 Read while lying on the beach，or snuggle up with family and a beloved book.When associating reading with the happy memories，kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older. A．There are endless means of doing this. B．To improve their reading skills is essential. C．Books with top-level difficulty are unavailable. D．Reading is a fantastic way to relax and reduce stress. E．The benefits of reading are beyond question even in the digital age. F．Even so，you’d better single out books appropriate to their reading levels. G．The joint reading sessions are invaluable for your child’s growth as a reader. 1．答案　E 解析　上文提到了iPads，后文则说培养对阅读的热爱，可知空处应承上启下，故E选项“即使在数字时代，阅读的好处也是毋庸置疑的”符合语境，故选E。 2．答案　F 解析　根据该段首句可知，本段主要是建议选择孩子能看懂的书。前文提到权威阅读清单是很好的参考，后文则提出了具体的挑选方法，可知仅靠权威清单是不够的，故F选项“即便如此，你最好挑选适合他们阅读水平的书”符合语境，故选F。 3．答案　G 解析　上文提到了这些有挑战性的书为和家长一起阅读和讨论提供了很好的机会，即建议家长和孩子共同阅读，故G选项“共同阅读对孩子成长为阅读者是非常宝贵的”承接上文，故选G。 4．答案　C 解析　上文提出要根据孩子的兴趣选择书；后文“Such fun books as...suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose.”列举了一些有趣的书，故C选项“不要选有顶级难度的书”符合语境，故选C。 5．答案　D 解析　后文“Read while lying on the beach，or snuggle up with family and a beloved book...”提到了将阅读变成轻松快乐的记忆，即通过阅读来放松，故D选项“阅读是放松和减压的好方法”符合语境，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$