Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Reading and Thinking（课件）-【上好课】高二英语同步高效课堂（人教版选择性必修第三册）

Reading and Thinking Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Habits for a Healthy Lifestyle 人教版2019选择性必修第三册 . Contents Lead-in Read for main idea and structure Read for details Language points Self-evaluation Homework ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ . ✎ Learning objectives ✎ to discover the elements of the habit cycle and understand how the habit cycle works; to find the main idea of paragraphs; to make your own habit cycle and create a new habit. Lead-in ✎ Lead-in ✎ Do you have any unhealthy habit? cigarette smoking stay up late digital addiction overeating unhealthy food ✎ Lead-in ✎ How to get rid of the unhealthy habit? Read for main idea and structure ✎ Read for main idea and structure ✎ 1. Read the title and the first paragraph to get the main idea. What’s the passage mainly about? What a habit is. Why bad habits should be changed. How to change bad habits and create good ones. What the “habit cycle” is. What’s the purpose of the passage? What a habit is. Why bad habits should be changed. How to change bad habits and create good ones. What the “habit cycle” is. How to change bad habits and create good ones. How to change bad habits and create good ones. ✎ Read for main idea and structure ✎ 2. Read the subtitles to learn the structure. How to change a bad habit and create good ones (Para. _____) The cycle of how habits are formed (Para. _____) Habits that can help us study better (Para. _____) Changing habits gradually (Para. _____) No easy way to change bad habits (Para. _____) What a habit is (Para. _____) Why bad teenage habits should be changed (Para. _____) 1 2 3 4 5 6 The main idea is sometimes stated in either the opening or closing sentence. If not, look for another stand out sentence, or summarise the paragraph in your mind by asking yourself, “What is it mainly about?” Find the main idea of a paragraph G. Why bad teenage habits should be changed F. What a habit is B. The cycle of how habits are formed A. How to change a bad habit and create good ones D. Changing habits gradually E. No easy way to change bad habits Raise the Problem Solve the problem Analyze the problem Draw a conclusion What kind of text it is? problem-solving exposition(说明文) 10 Read for details ✎ Read for details ✎ Read Para.1 to answer the questions. 1.Why should bad teenage habits be changed? They could lead to more serious habits. 2.How does a teenager prevent bad habits from ruling her or his life? By becoming aware of bad habits early and changing them properly. How did the author explain his idea? By using an example As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle:“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work. Read Para.2 to choose the right answer. What does the word “automatic” in para. 2 mean? natural B. strange C. unclear D. difficult How did the author explain his idea? By using quote natural To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle:“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work. Read Para.2 to choose the right answer. Why does the author quote Aristotle’s words？ A. To show changing bad habits is never easy. B. To imply we always repeat useless things. C. To tell our life is only in the control of ourselves. D. To warn us to get ready for the difficulties. How did the author explain his idea? By using quote A. To show changing bad habits is never easy. According to modern psychology, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”, which works like this: Firstly, there is a “cue”, an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something. Secondly, there is a “routine”, the regular action you take in response to the cue. Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. For example, when we feel unhappy(cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy(reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. Read Para.3 to choose the right answer. What are the three stages of the habit cycle? The cycle of how habits are formed 01 02 03 cue routine reward For example, when we feel unhappy(cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy(reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. feel unhappy feel happy By using an example eat lots of unhealthy snacks How does the author further explain the “habit cycle"? Read Para.3 to choose the right answer. cue routine reward Which of the follow is considered as “reward ”？ You take a walk around the school in the morning. You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend. You decide to borrow two books from the city library. You’re willing to volunteer in your community this weekend. An , , or that acts as a signal to do something. The regular action you take in to the . The or feeling we get from the . action event situation response cue good thing routine You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend. Read Para.4 to choose the right answer. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead(routine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come to an escalator(cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. What is the first step to change a bad habit? We must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. Read Para.4 to choose the right answer. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead(routine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come to an escalator(cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. How to change a bad habit and creat good ones? Use the habit cycle to creat good habits. Read Para.4 to choose the right answer. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again(cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead(routine), which will make us feel relaxed(reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come to an escalator(cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. What’s the purpose of the two examples in the fourth paragraph? To tell us how to change bad habits by adapting bad habit cycles. Read Para.5 to choose the right answer. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits. From the paragraph, what are needed if we want to change a bad habit? A. time B. discipline C. repeated small steps D. all of above How did the author explain his idea? By using quote D. all of above Read Para.6 to choose the right answer. For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! What do “magic pill” and “delete button” refer to? _____________________________________________________ What’s the author’s attitude towards changing bad habits? A. Negative. B. Sad. C. Doubtful. D. Positive. （词义猜测题） （观点态度题） A quick way / Shortcut D. Positive. Para 1 Why bad teenage habits should be changed. Para 2 What a habit is and to change habits is not easy Para 3 The cycle of how habits are formed Para 4 How to change a bad habit and create good ones Para 5 Changing habits gradually. Para 6 No easy ways to change bad habits Why conclusion what How Writing techniques? Language features? objective, logic, convincing analysis, giving example, quotation, metaphor Raise the Problem Analyze the problem Solve the problem Draw a conclusion Who are the target audience of the text ? Teenagers, especially those who want to change bad habits. An exposition ✎ Summary ✎ Share your bad habits and talk about how to change the unhealthy habits. Draw two habit cycles (bad&good) of your own . Prepare a short presentation for your habit cycles and then practice with your partner. The habit cycle Bad habit New habit Cue finished lunch Finish lunch Routine went back to the room and went to bed immediately go to the playground and walk for 10 minutes Reward Felt relaxed feel relaxed and healthier ✎ Group work ✎ Here are some references: 1. To introduce your habit: To be honest/Frankly speaking (坦白说), I have formed… That is... 2.To describe the habit cycle: In my case, when I…(cue), I…(routine).Therefore, I feel…(reward). 3. To show how to change it: To…, next time when I…(cue), I will…(routine). Thus, I will… (reward). BAD HABITS Digital addiction Staying up late Irregular eating Not keeping neat and tidy Overspending CORRECT Change your negative inner beliefs into positive ones; Replace your bad habits with positive habits; Be determined, self-disciplined; Follow others’ examples Buy what you need but not what you want There is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help us change our bad habits. We need time, discipline and repeated small steps to achieve it. As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy 1. _____ some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if 2. ______(leave) unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. 3. _________(change) bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. The good news is that we can change our bad habits if we understand 4. ________ habits work. To facilitate 5. _____ positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. for left To change how a ✎ Exercise ✎ We can do this by 6. _________(combine) the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. We can also use the habit cycle 7. ________(create) good habits. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, 8. ____ over a period of time. To reach the goal of change, a person must 9. __________(repeated) take many small steps. Young people have the power 10. ________(build) a happy and healthy life full of good habits! combining to create but repeatedly to build ✎ Exercise ✎ Language Points 如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。 Important sentences (P14) 此处是 if 条件状语从句省略结构，完整的形式为 ___________________ ______________. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. (Para. 1) if these bad habits are left unchecked Think and find 在if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时从句谓语动词含有 be 动词，则可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。 If (you are) traveling north, you must change at Moscow. ✎ Language Points ✎ 2) 在if 引导的条件状语从句中，当状语从句的主语是it，且谓语动词是be 时，it 和 be 可以省略。 If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. You must attend the meeting if (it is) convenient to you. 3) if 省略结构的固定结构： It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. If so, we’d better take it to the garage immediately. I want to avoid the rush hour traffic if possible. Correct the errors, if any. She seldom, if ever, goes to the cinema. 如果是这样的话 如果可能的话 如果有的话 如果有过的话 Important sentences (P14) ✎ Language Points ✎ Important sentences (P14) ✎ Language Points ✎ 即学即练 The medicine will work best if ______ (take) according to the instructions. You must find yourself upset by traffic jams if ______ (live) in the centre of the city, especially during the rush hour. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. ________ (不然), take another look at other methods you could try. taken living If not Important sentences (P14) ✎ Language Points ✎ 即学即练 The True Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun is familiar to us. The city surrounded by mountains is my hometown. Tell the children playing there (= who are playing there) not to make so much noise. They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south. based on在句中是过去分词短语作___________，放在被修饰的名词后面，它的作用相当于一个_________。 There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” (Para. 2) 有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。” 后置定语 定语从句 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 (1) She’d rather die than _____ (lose) the children. (2) He is an explorer rather than a _______ (sail). (3) You rather than I _____ (be) going to go camping. (4) The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than ______ (cheaply). (5) She enjoys singing rather than __________ (dance). So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). (Para. 4) ✎ Language Points ✎ Important sentences (P15) lose sailor cheap are dancing 因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐（惯常行为），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（回报）。 Rather than 用法 1、rather than做连词，表达“而不是”的含义时，通常连接并列结构，前后词性和结构保持一致； 2、rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，遵循就远原则，相同用法还有as well as 、together with、with、along with。 ✎ Language Points ✎ Important sentences (P15) As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “ A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” (Para 5) 正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。” (1)学校广播宣布，运动会将于下月举行。 (2)正如我所指出的，日常饮食包含蔬菜很重要。 Translate As is announced on the school radio, the sports meet will be held next month. As I have pointed out, it is important to include vegetables in our diet. ✎ Language Points ✎ 用 which 或 as 填空。 ______ you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. And our porters carry your luggage, ______ means that you can simply enjoy the experience. Smoking is harmful to one’s health, ______ is known to us all. It was raining heavily last night, _______ prevented me from going to the party. Compare and Find As which as which as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前，而 which 则不能； as 引导的非限制性定语从句有“正如”之意，而 which 没有此意。 Self-evaluation ✎ Self-evaluation ✎ Things I can do Scores I can explain the meaning of the habit cycle. 5 3 1 I can use what I learned in this class to change one unhealthy habit. 5 3 1 I can tell the structure and features of An exposition. 5 3 1 I can share the importance of healthy lifestyle. 5 3 1 Homework ✎ Homework ✎ 假使你是李华，你的外国笔友Peter，向你求助如何把赖床坏习惯纠正过来，并养成良好的休息习惯，请运用所学的The habit cycle 原理去帮助Peter. 内容如下： 坏习惯的影响 如何科学运用The habit cycle 改变。（参考para. 5,仿写求助信的第2段） 二选一 请给Peter写三条建议，要求至少用上文章中的5个单词或短语。 请给Peter写一封完整的建议信，并在其中解释the habit cycle的原理。 ✎ Homework ✎ Dear Peter, I know you’re troubled by the habit of oversleeping. It can lead to being late and feeling rushed, affecting your daily life and efficiency. According to The habit cycle, first, identify the cue that makes you stay in bed. Then, change the routine. For example, place the alarm across the room so you have to get up to turn it off. Reward yourself when you get up on time, like enjoying a favorite song. Finally, Stick to it and a good rest habit will form. Best regards, Li Hua Thank You! Lavf58.46.101 Lavf58.46.101 Lavf58.46.101 $$