Unit 4 Our animal friends Section 2 Grammar - 【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（沪教版2024）

2024-2025学年度沪教版英语7年级 下 Unit 4 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→环境保护→热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题our animal friends，了解动物对我们的重要性，理解人类与动物之间的关系，形成保护动物的意识。 1. 语言知识: 能理解反身代词的概念，能正确运用反身代词；能理解方位介词的使用场景。 2.语言技能：能用反身代词强调某人自己做的事，能用方位介词谈论某人或某物在哪里。 3.学习策略: 能小组合作，交流独自做的事情，描述人或物品所在的方位。 4.文化意识:学完本单元后，学生能够了解动物的重要性，了解如何与野生动物成为朋友。 自主学习任务一：背默重点句型 1. 我们必须照顾自己。 We have to . 2. 上个月我生病了，不能自己走路。 I was sick last month and couldn’t walk . 3. 在窗户前，有一张大书桌。 There is a big desk the window. 4. Mini在绿色书和红色书之间。 Mini is a green book a red one. ►问题一：反身代词是什么？有哪些反身代词？如何运用？ 【点拨】例句：I could walk by myself right after birth. 反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词，跟句子主语要保持一致，表示“某人自己”。 人称 反身代词（单数） 反身代词（复数） 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself, herself, itself themselves 常用词组：by oneself 独自 say to oneself 自言自语 help oneself to... 随便吃点 learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩的开心 【典例】Look! The mother bird is taking care of her babies . A. her B. hers C. herself D. themselves 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这鸟妈妈在独自照顾她的宝宝。反身代词要与句子主语保持一致，故选C。 【变式练】 1. kids, help to some meat. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. your 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们，随便吃点肉。help oneself to随便吃点。这里跟孩子们说的，所以要用复数yourselves，故选B。 ►问题二：方位介词是什么？有哪些？ 【点拨】方位介词表示事物存在的方位和位置的介词。 1. in 在……里面 2. on 在……上面（接触）， above 在……上方（不接触） 3. at 在…… 4. under 在……下面 5. in front of 在……（外部）的前面，in the front of 在……（内部）的前面 6. next to 紧挨着 7. behind 在……后面 8. beside 在……旁边 9. between... and... 在……之间 10. opposite 在……对面 【典例】The planes are flying me. A. on B. under C. below D. above 【答案】D 【解析】句意：飞机在我上方飞过。飞机和我没有接触，所以用above而不用on，故选D。 【变式练】 There is a blackboard the classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. under D. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：教室里面有一块黑板。根据所学所知，表示在内部的前面用in the front of, 故选B。 基础过关 一、选择题。 1. I will let you know when I arrive ________ the train station. A. on B. at C. to D. in 2. —Do you know who is the woman sitting ________ Linda? —Her mother. A. opposite B. towards C. among D. between 3. I usually sit ________ the classroom, so that I can hear the teacher who likes to stand ________ the class clearly. A. in front of; in the front of B. in the front of; in front of C. in front of; in front of D. in the front of; in the front of 4. —Does Mr. Wilson teach ________ English? —No. But he is my neighbour. He lives three floors ________ me. A. your; above B. you; above C. my; on D. me; on 5. —Where are we going to have a picnic? —I know there are some beautiful parks ________ the Yangtze River. A. on B. over C. along D. through 二、请填入反身代词使句子完整。 1．—Who taught ________ Japanese? —Nobody. She learned all by ________. 2．—I will have a singing competition tomorrow. I’m a bit nervous. —Don’t worry. Believe in ________. You are good at it. 3．These are the most difficult lessons. It is hard for students to teach ________. 4．Did Mike enjoy ________ at his birthday party last night? 5．Help ________ to some chicken, vegetables and tomato soup. They are all for you kids. 能力提升 一、语法选择 Hi, dear friends! Welcome 1 our zoo! It is really a good place to have fun. We have a big family 2 the zoo. All the animals here are brothers and sisters. Follow me to see them. First, let’s see the pandas 3 there. They come from China. They 4 are black and white. They like eating bamboo. They are beautiful and very shy, so please be quiet. Now come this way, please. We will go and 5 the lions. These two lions are 6 Africa. They are very lazy and they always sleep and relax 20 hours every day. What is their favourite food? It’s meat. So, don’t get close 7 them. It is time to see Bill. He is a koala. He is waiting 8 you now. Look! Isn’t he cute? He is from Australia. He sleeps during the day, 9 at night he gets up and begins to eat food. That’s not all. I would like 10 you to see some other animals of our family. 1. A. on B. at C. to D. for 2. A. behind B. in C. on D. under 3. A. over B. on C. in D. at 4. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves 5. A. see B. sees C. seeing D. to see 6. A. to B. for C. at D. from 7. A. at B. for C. to D. by 8. A. for B. from C. to D. by 9. A. but B. or C. because D. so 10. A. to take B. take C. taking D. taken 二、阅读理解 A Many festivals are related (有关联的) to animals. The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of them. This traditional festival offers people great chances to learn about rabbits. In Chinese stories, people connect the rabbit to the moon. Long ago, people believed (相信) a rabbit lived on the moon, called the Moon Rabbit. It is said to be the pet of the moon goddess, Chang’e. Rabbits are quiet but they run quickly. Besides, they can have many babies quickly, so Chinese people also see the rabbit as a symbol of good luck, thinking that having many children would bring happiness. Rabbits are famous in Western stories too! In Alice in Wonderland, Alice follows a rabbit and goes on an amazing adventure. In Western countries, rabbits are also seen as lucky animals. Some people believe that carrying a rabbit’s foot brings good luck. In the past, if young hunters caught a rabbit, they were given the rabbit’s back foot as a reward. In places like North America and the UK, some priests (牧师) say the word “rabbit” on the first day of each month to bring good luck. As we celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, let’s enjoy these stories and share the good luck that rabbits bring! 1. Who raises a rabbit as a pet according to the text? A. Chang’e. B. Alice. C. Hunters. D. Priests. 2. What is the structure of this text? A. ①/②/③/④ B. ①②/③/④ C. ①/②③/④ D. ①②③/④ 3. What would be the best title? A. Rabbits in Western Countries B. Different Festivals of Rabbits C. Rabbits and Festivals D. The Story of Chinese Rabbits B Whales look like the biggest fish in the world, but they are not fish. They belong to mammals (哺乳类动物). People are mammals too, like dogs and cats. That means they do not lay (下) eggs. They have live babies and feed them milk. Whales are very big. They have lungs (肺) and breathe air. They swim in oceans all over the world. They have large brains and live in family groups. The largest is the blue whale. It grows to be about 100 feet long and weighs (重) about 200 tons! Do you know how whales get their names? Most whales are often named after how they look. The humpback whale (驼背鲸) was named after its humped back. Whales use sound to sing and hunt. The sound can help whales find other fish or animals and tell the direction (方向). For example, they send out a sound and then listen. The sound waves come back and give them a picture of the things around them. 1. About mammals, which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Mammals lay eggs. B. People are mammals. C. Mammals have live babies. D. Mammals feed babies milk. 2. After reading the second paragraph, we can know ________. A. the blue whale weighs about 100 tons B. whales live in family groups C. the blue whale grows to be about 200 feet long D. whales don’t have lungs 3. The humpback whale was named after ________. A. its sound B. its weight C. its length D. its back 4. The sound that whales make can help them ________. A. swim faster B. breathe well C. find other fish or animals D. attract other fish 5. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. It’s about the blue whales. B. It’s about what mammals are like. C. It’s about how the whales get their names. D. It’s about the use of the sound made by whales. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度沪教版英语7年级 下 Unit 4 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→环境保护→热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题our animal friends，了解动物对我们的重要性，理解人类与动物之间的关系，形成保护动物的意识。 1. 语言知识: 能理解反身代词的概念，能正确运用反身代词；能理解方位介词的使用场景。 2.语言技能：能用反身代词强调某人自己做的事，能用方位介词谈论某人或某物在哪里。 3.学习策略: 能小组合作，交流独自做的事情，描述人或物品所在的方位。 4.文化意识:学完本单元后，学生能够了解动物的重要性，了解如何与野生动物成为朋友。 自主学习任务一：背默重点句型 1. 我们必须照顾自己。 We have to . 2. 上个月我生病了，不能自己走路。 I was sick last month and couldn’t walk . 3. 在窗户前，有一张大书桌。 There is a big desk the window. 4. Mini在绿色书和红色书之间。 Mini is a green book a red one. 【解析】1. look after ourselves 2. by myself 3. in front of 4. between and ►问题一：反身代词是什么？有哪些反身代词？如何运用？ 【点拨】例句：I could walk by myself right after birth. 反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词，跟句子主语要保持一致，表示“某人自己”。 人称 反身代词（单数） 反身代词（复数） 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself, herself, itself themselves 常用词组：by oneself 独自 say to oneself 自言自语 help oneself to... 随便吃点 learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩的开心 【典例】Look! The mother bird is taking care of her babies . A. her B. hers C. herself D. themselves 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这鸟妈妈在独自照顾她的宝宝。反身代词要与句子主语保持一致，故选C。 【变式练】 1. kids, help to some meat. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. your 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们，随便吃点肉。help oneself to随便吃点。这里跟孩子们说的，所以要用复数yourselves，故选B。 ►问题二：方位介词是什么？有哪些？ 【点拨】方位介词表示事物存在的方位和位置的介词。 1. in 在……里面 2. on 在……上面（接触）， above 在……上方（不接触） 3. at 在…… 4. under 在……下面 5. in front of 在……（外部）的前面，in the front of 在……（内部）的前面 6. next to 紧挨着 7. behind 在……后面 8. beside 在……旁边 9. between... and... 在……之间 10. opposite 在……对面 【典例】The planes are flying me. A. on B. under C. below D. above 【答案】D 【解析】句意：飞机在我上方飞过。飞机和我没有接触，所以用above而不用on，故选D。 【变式练】 There is a blackboard the classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. under D. at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：教室里面有一块黑板。根据所学所知，表示在内部的前面用in the front of, 故选B。 基础过关 一、选择题。 1. I will let you know when I arrive ________ the train station. A. on B. at C. to D. in 2. —Do you know who is the woman sitting ________ Linda? —Her mother. A. opposite B. towards C. among D. between 3. I usually sit ________ the classroom, so that I can hear the teacher who likes to stand ________ the class clearly. A. in front of; in the front of B. in the front of; in front of C. in front of; in front of D. in the front of; in the front of 4. —Does Mr. Wilson teach ________ English? —No. But he is my neighbour. He lives three floors ________ me. A. your; above B. you; above C. my; on D. me; on 5. —Where are we going to have a picnic? —I know there are some beautiful parks ________ the Yangtze River. A. on B. over C. along D. through 【答案】 1. B 【详解】句意：我一到火车站就通知你。 考查介词辨析。on在上面；at后接小地点；to到；in后接大地点。“the train station.”是小地点，用arrive at表示“到达”，故选B。 2. A 【详解】句意：——你知道坐在琳达对面的那个女人是谁吗?  ——她的母亲。 考查介词辨析。opposite在……对面；toward朝着；among在……当中（三者及以上）；between在……中间（两者）。由“who is the woman sitting...Linda”及回答“Her mother.”可知，句中提到只有Linda和她的妈妈两个人，由此推知她们是面对面坐着的。故选A。 3. B 【详解】句意：我通常坐在教室的前面，这样我就能清楚地听到喜欢站在教室前面的老师讲课。 考查介词短语辨析。in front of在……的前面，不在一个空间内；in the front of表示在一个空间内的前部。根据“I usually sit...the classroom”可知，在教室内部前面，第一处用in the front of。根据“so that I can hear the teacher who likes to stand...the class clearly”可知，喜欢站在教室前面的老师讲课，不是一个空间，用in front of。故选B。 4. B 【详解】句意：——威尔逊先生教你英语吗？——不是，但他是我的邻居，他住在我楼上三层。 考查人称代词和介词辨析。your你的；you你（主格/宾格）；my我的；me我；above在……之上（不接触）；on在……上面（与物体表面相接触）。根据“Does Mr. Wilson teach...English?”和部分答句“No. But he is my neighbour.”可知，问句应是在询问威尔逊先生是否教你英语，可用teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”，所以此空应是宾格you；而此处“He lives three floors...me.”应是在表示他住在“我”楼上三层，即与物体表面无接触，所以此空应是介词above。故选B。 5. C 【详解】句意：——我们打算在哪里野餐？——我知道沿着长江有一些美丽的公园。 考查介词词义辨析。on在……上；over超过；along沿着；through穿过。根据“I know there are some beautiful parks…the Yangtze River.”可知，此处指的是沿着长江有一些美丽的公园可用于野餐。故选C。 二、请填入反身代词使句子完整。 1．—Who taught ________ Japanese? —Nobody. She learned all by ________. 2．—I will have a singing competition tomorrow. I’m a bit nervous. —Don’t worry. Believe in ________. You are good at it. 3．These are the most difficult lessons. It is hard for students to teach ________. 4．Did Mike enjoy ________ at his birthday party last night? 5．Help ________ to some chicken, vegetables and tomato soup. They are all for you kids. 【答案】1. her, herself 2. yourself 3. themselves 4. himself 5. yourselves 能力提升 一、语法选择 Hi, dear friends! Welcome 1 our zoo! It is really a good place to have fun. We have a big family 2 the zoo. All the animals here are brothers and sisters. Follow me to see them. First, let’s see the pandas 3 there. They come from China. They 4 are black and white. They like eating bamboo. They are beautiful and very shy, so please be quiet. Now come this way, please. We will go and 5 the lions. These two lions are 6 Africa. They are very lazy and they always sleep and relax 20 hours every day. What is their favourite food? It’s meat. So, don’t get close 7 them. It is time to see Bill. He is a koala. He is waiting 8 you now. Look! Isn’t he cute? He is from Australia. He sleeps during the day, 9 at night he gets up and begins to eat food. That’s not all. I would like 10 you to see some other animals of our family. 1. A. on B. at C. to D. for 2. A. behind B. in C. on D. under 3. A. over B. on C. in D. at 4. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves 5. A. see B. sees C. seeing D. to see 6. A. to B. for C. at D. from 7. A. at B. for C. to D. by 8. A. for B. from C. to D. by 9. A. but B. or C. because D. so 10. A. to take B. take C. taking D. taken 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物园里的各种动物。 1. 句意：欢迎来到我们的动物园！ on在……上；at在；to到；for为了。welcome to“欢迎来到”。故选C。 2. 句意：我们在动物园里有一个大家庭。 behind在……后面；in在……里；on在……上；under在……下面。in the zoo“在动物园里”，故选B。 3. 句意：首先，让我们看看那边的熊猫。 over在……上；on在……上；in在……里；at在。over there“在那里”。故选A。 4. 句意：它们本身是黑白相间的。 them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；themselves他们自己。本句主语为”they”，这里用反身代词起强调作用。故选D。 5. 句意：我们要去看狮子。 see动词原形；sees动词三单；seeing动名词；to see动词不定式。根据空格前的“will go and”可知空格处和go是并列谓语，故see用原形。故选A。 6. 句意：这两只狮子来自非洲。 to到；for为了；at在；from来自。be from“来自”。故选D。 7. 句意：所以，不要靠近他们。 at在；for为了；to到；by通过。close to“靠近，接近”。故选C。 8. 句意：他正在等你。 for为了；from来自；to到；by通过。wait for“等待，等候”。故选A。 9. 句意：他白天睡觉，但在晚上他起床，开始吃东西。 but但是；or 或者；because因为；so所以。根据“at night he gets up and begins to eat food”可知，前后两句是转折关系，故选A。 10. 句意：我想带你去看看我们家的其他动物。 to take动词不定式；take动词原形；taking动名词；taken过去分词。would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，would like后接动词不定式。故选A。 二、阅读理解 A Many festivals are related (有关联的) to animals. The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of them. This traditional festival offers people great chances to learn about rabbits. In Chinese stories, people connect the rabbit to the moon. Long ago, people believed (相信) a rabbit lived on the moon, called the Moon Rabbit. It is said to be the pet of the moon goddess, Chang’e. Rabbits are quiet but they run quickly. Besides, they can have many babies quickly, so Chinese people also see the rabbit as a symbol of good luck, thinking that having many children would bring happiness. Rabbits are famous in Western stories too! In Alice in Wonderland, Alice follows a rabbit and goes on an amazing adventure. In Western countries, rabbits are also seen as lucky animals. Some people believe that carrying a rabbit’s foot brings good luck. In the past, if young hunters caught a rabbit, they were given the rabbit’s back foot as a reward. In places like North America and the UK, some priests (牧师) say the word “rabbit” on the first day of each month to bring good luck. As we celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, let’s enjoy these stories and share the good luck that rabbits bring! 1. Who raises a rabbit as a pet according to the text? A. Chang’e. B. Alice. C. Hunters. D. Priests. 2. What is the structure of this text? A. ①/②/③/④ B. ①②/③/④ C. ①/②③/④ D. ①②③/④ 3. What would be the best title? A. Rabbits in Western Countries B. Different Festivals of Rabbits C. Rabbits and Festivals D. The Story of Chinese Rabbits 【答案】ACC 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多节日与动物相关，其中中秋节就与兔子紧密相连。在中国文化里，兔子和月亮有关，是嫦娥的宠物，还象征好运。在西方故事和文化中，兔子同样有名，被视为幸运动物。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Long ago, people believed (相信) a rabbit lived on the moon, called the Moon Rabbit. It is said to be the pet of the moon goddess, Chang’e.”可知，嫦娥把兔子当作宠物养。故选A。 2. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出许多节日与动物有关，尤其提到中秋节与兔子相关；第二段讲述中国故事中兔子与月亮的联系以及兔子在中国文化中的象征意义，第三段讲述兔子在西方故事和文化中的相关内容，这两段是并列的分述部分；第四段总结在庆祝中秋节时，我们可以享受与兔子有关的故事并分享兔子带来的好运。所以文章结构是总分总的结构，即①/②③/④ 。故选C。 3. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章开篇提到许多节日与动物有关，重点阐述了中秋节与兔子的联系，还介绍了兔子在中西文化中的相关内容，强调了兔子和节日的关系。故选项C“兔子和节日”符合。故选C。 B Whales look like the biggest fish in the world, but they are not fish. They belong to mammals (哺乳类动物). People are mammals too, like dogs and cats. That means they do not lay (下) eggs. They have live babies and feed them milk. Whales are very big. They have lungs (肺) and breathe air. They swim in oceans all over the world. They have large brains and live in family groups. The largest is the blue whale. It grows to be about 100 feet long and weighs (重) about 200 tons! Do you know how whales get their names? Most whales are often named after how they look. The humpback whale (驼背鲸) was named after its humped back. Whales use sound to sing and hunt. The sound can help whales find other fish or animals and tell the direction (方向). For example, they send out a sound and then listen. The sound waves come back and give them a picture of the things around them. 1. About mammals, which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Mammals lay eggs. B. People are mammals. C. Mammals have live babies. D. Mammals feed babies milk. 2. After reading the second paragraph, we can know ________. A. the blue whale weighs about 100 tons B. whales live in family groups C. the blue whale grows to be about 200 feet long D. whales don’t have lungs 3. The humpback whale was named after ________. A. its sound B. its weight C. its length D. its back 4. The sound that whales make can help them ________. A. swim faster B. breathe well C. find other fish or animals D. attract other fish 5. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. It’s about the blue whales. B. It’s about what mammals are like. C. It’s about how the whales get their names. D. It’s about the use of the sound made by whales. 【答案】ABDCD 【导语】本文主要介绍了鲸鱼的特征以及它们的生活习性。 14. 细节理解题。根据“That means they do not lay (下) eggs.”可知，哺乳动物不能下蛋。故选A。 15. 细节理解题。根据“They have large brains and live in family groups.”可知，鲸鱼以家族群体的形式生活，故选B。 16. 细节理解题。根据“The humpback whale was named after its humped back.”可知，驼背鲸是因其背部的驼峰而得名，故选D。 17. 细节理解题。根据“The sound can help whales find other fish or animals and tell the direction.”可知，鲸鱼发出的声音能帮助它们找到其他鱼类或动物以及辨别方向，故选C。 18. 主旨大意题。通读最后一段，尤其是“Whales use sound to sing and hunt.”可知，最后一段讲的是声音对于鲸鱼的重要性，故选D 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$