专题10 主从复合句(课件PPT)-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册 （人教版 贵州专用）

2025贵州 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 专题十 主从复合句 2 3 考点 1 宾语从句 4 考点讲解 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。其结构是：主语 +谓语+宾语从句（引导词+从句）。针对宾语从句，考生需掌握 宾语从句的三要素：引导词、语序、时态。 5 ►宾语从句的结构 6 ►宾语从句的三要素 三要素 引导词/用法 例句 引导词 that， 在从句中无意义， 不充当句子成分， 在口 语中常可省略 I believe （that） you will succeed. if/whether（是否）， 不 作句子成分， 但不能省 略 I don’t know if/whether my sister will come to the party. 7 三要素 引导词/用法 例句 引导词 what（什么）， which （哪一个）， who （谁， 作主语）， whom（谁， 作宾语）， whose（谁的，作定语） 等连接代词在从句中作成 分， 如主语、宾语、定 语等 Lisa wonders what she should do next. Do you know whose coat it is？ 续表 8 三要素 引导词/用法 例句 引导词 where（哪里）， when （何时）， why （为什么）， how （如何）等连接副词在从 句中作状语 Jessie hasn’t decided when she will leave for Paris. 语序 陈述句语序：主语+谓语 +其他 I wonder how Jim came to school this morning. 续表 9 三要素 引导词/用法 例句 时态 主句：现在的某种时态； 从句：根据实际情况使用 相应时态（需要性原则） I remember Linda came here two days ago. 主句：过去的某种时态； 从句：过去的某种时态 （呼应性原则） John told me he had finished his homework. 续表 10 三要素 引导词/用法 例句 时态 从句若为客观事实、真 理、自然现象等， 不管 主句使用什么时态， 从 句都用一般现在时 （特殊性原则） Our geography teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun. 续表 11 ①宾语从句在介词之后或宾语从句引导词后接or not时，引导词 只能用whether，不能用if。如： I can’t decide whether or not I will go to your birthday party. ②宾语从句的否定前移：在宾语从句中，当主语为第一人称，主 句的谓语动词为think， believe， expect， imagine， suppose等 且无其他修饰语时， 从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之 前。如： I don’t think the answer is correct. 12 ③如果复合句中宾语从句很长， 可以用it作形式宾语，以免句子 头重脚轻。如： This boss has made it clear that he will try his best to help those poor students. ④当what， who， which在宾语从句中作主语时，该句型语序不 变。如： I don’t know what’s wrong/the matter/the trouble with him. I don’t know what happened to him. I don’t know which is the way to his home. 13 考点测验 1.（2024遵义三模）专家告诉了我们怎样才能与父母好好相处。 The expert told us how ____ ______ get on well with our parents. we could 2.许多学生想知道为什么他们需要参加关于压力的讲座。 Many students wonder _____ _____ need to attend the lecture on pressure. why they 3.新闻可以告诉我们世界各地正在发生的事情。 News can tell us what ___ ___________ around the world. is happening 14 4.老师告诉我们四分之三的地球都被水覆盖。 The teacher told us that three quarters of our earth ___ ________ by water. is covered 5.因为这是她第一次来中国，她不知道她是否能理解中文。 She wondered if she ______ ___________ Chinese because it was her first time to come to China. could understand 6.讲座结束后，我们还问李老师贵州哪里可以看到苗族服饰。 When the lecture is over, we ask Miss Li where ____ ________ see the Miao costumes in Guizhou. we will/can 15 7.我认为这个机器人的质量不合格，所以我要退回。 I ______ ______ the robot is up to standard, so I want to return it to you. don’t think 8.（2024扬州改编）Teenagers don’t always understand _____ their parents have so many rules. 9.（2024武汉改编）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice.” tells us _____ we can get knowledge. why how 16 10.（2024广西改编）—Could you please tell me _______ you usually spend your holiday? —In my hometown. where 11.（2024连云港改编）—John, can you tell me ______ you will do in the future? —I want to be a football player. what 12.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ______ the dentist will come back? —Next Friday. when 17 13.Diana isn’t sure _________ Betty will come or not. 14.The teacher told the children that the sun _______ （come） up in the east every morning. 15.My classmate said that there _______ （will） be an English test tomorrow. 16.Most of the students think three years of junior high school life ___（be）not long. 17.I don’t think this yellow dress really ______（suit） me. The color is too bright. whether comes would is suits 18 考点 2 状语从句 ［完形第一节：贵州2023.32；补全英语译文：贵阳2021.51］ 19 考点讲解 在复合句中，起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。考生需注意 状语从句的引导词及时态。 20 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 时间状语 从句 when/as 当……时 while 当……时 after 在……之后 before 在……之前 until/till 直到…… since 自从 as soon as一……就…… whenever 无论何时 1. 若since引导的从句用一 般过去时，主句常用现在 完成时，但是在“It is/has been+时间段+since从句” 中，主句用一般现在时或 现在完成时均可； 2. 若主句用一般将来时， when, as soon as引导的从 句常用一般现在时表将 来； 21 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 时间状语 从句 when/as 当……时 while 当……时 after 在……之后 before 在……之前 until/till 直到…… since 自从 as soon as一……就…… whenever 无论何时 3. 若主句是祈使句或含情 态动词时，从句用一般现 在时表将来； 4. until与till通常可互换使 用，但是till不用于句首； not…until/till…直到…… 才…… 续表 22 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 条件状语 从句 if 如果 unless 除非，如果不 as long as 只要 once 一旦 1. 若主句用一般将来时， if， unless， as long as引 导的从句常用一般现在时 表将来； 2. 若主句是祈使句或含情 态动词时，从句用一般现 在时表将来。 续表 23 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 让步状语 从句 though/although 尽管，虽然 even though/if 即使 while 虽然，尽管 whatever 无论什么 wherever 无论哪里 whoever 无论是谁 1. although， though， even though， even if均 不能和but连用，但是可以 和yet或still连用； 2. whatever=no matter what； wherever=no matter where； whoever=no matter who 续表 24 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 原因状语 从句 because 因为 as 由于 since 既然 because， since和as都不能 和so连用 结果状语 从句 so/such…that… 如此……以至于…… so强调的是形容词或副 词， such强调的是名词， 当名词前有many， much， few， little等词 时，只能用so… that… 续表 25 类型 从属连词（词组） 注意 目的状语 从句 so that 以便 in order that 为了 两者可互换使用 方式状语 从句 as 正如 as if 似乎 / 续表 26 贵州5年真题溯源 1.（2023贵州完形第一节32题改编）However, ___ the weather stays cold and dry, the wonderful ice and snow festival will go on for a few more days. if 2.（2022遵义74题）_________________ the journey is full of risks, they spend a happy and surprising vacation. Although/Though 27 3.（2021贵阳51题）王老师对学生们很耐心，因此受到学生们的 喜爱。 Miss Wang is ____ patient with her students _____ they like her a lot. so that 考点测验 4.（2024安顺一模）贵州有如此多美丽而又著名的桥，以至于每 一座我都想去看看。 There are ____ ______ beautiful and famous bridges in Guizhou that I want to see every one of them. so many 5.（2024遵义播州区二模）不管有多难，董宇辉都没有放弃。 No matter _____ _____________, Dong Yuhui never gives up. how difficult/hard 29 6.我上了初中才习惯每天早上跑步。 I _______ get used to running every morning ______ I entered junior high school. didn’t until 7.当他长大后，他想成为一名艺术家。 He is going to be an artist when he _______ ____. grows up 8.虽然他已经失败过很多次了，但他总是对未来充满了希望。 _________________ ____ has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future. Although/Though he 30 9.学生应该花时间在学业上，以便他们能够取得好成绩并进入好 的大学。 Students should spend their time on schoolwork ____ _____ they can get good grades and get into a good university. so that 10.如果我们付出努力，机会就会到来。 Opportunities _____ come ___ we make our efforts. will if 11.朋友不在于多，只要他们好。 You don’t need a lot of friends ____ _____ as they are good. as long 31 12.除非麦克好好准备，否则他不会通过这次英语考试。 _______ Mike prepares well for the English test, he _______ pass it. Unless won’t 13.萨姆离开学校后一直在一家银行工作。 Sam has worked in a bank since ____ ____ school. he left 14.他的书桌一片狼藉，以至于他浪费很多时间找东西。 His desk was in ______ a mess that ____wasted much time looking for things. such he 32 15.（2024河北改编）Jeff still works hard ________________ he has achieved great success. 16.（2024连云港改编）Our school life is more interesting now ________ we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. 17.“__________ you do, I’ll support you forever.” my mother always says. although/though because Whatever 33 18.Although you are worried, you still need to wait _________ tomorrow to get the result. 19.To learn English well, we must be patient. ____ the saying goes, “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” 20.There is still a long way to go _______ we finish the task. Let’s go on with it together. until/till As before 34 考点 3 定语从句 ［补全英语译文：贵州2023.72，贵阳2022.52］ 35 考点讲解 在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句，被定语从句修饰的词 叫先行词，先行词通常位于定语从句之前。初中阶段需要掌握由 关系代词 that, which, who, whom 引导的定语从句。 36 ▶定语从句的结构 37 ▶定语从句的关系词及其用法 关系词 可作成 分 先行词 例句 that 主语、 宾语 人、物 I love movies that are funny. （作主语） Everything （that） you learn becomes part of you and changes you.（作宾语可省略） 38 关系词 可作成 分 先行词 例句 which 主语、 宾语 物 The book which is on the table is mine.（作主语） I’ll never forget the days （which） we spent together. （作宾语可省略） 续表 关系词 可作成 分 先行词 例句 who 主语、 宾语 人 I’d like to congratulate all the students who are here today. whom 宾语 人 He’s the boy （whom） I talked with just now. 续表 40 ▶关系代词指代物，只能用that，不能用which的情况： 1.先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, all, much, few, any, little 等或the one时。如： Is there anything that I can do for you? 2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the first book that I bought. 3.先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如： The only thing that I want to do is to have a good rest. 41 4.先行词既有人又有物时。如： The film star and her film that you just talked about are really well-known. 5.当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the hotel that you like best? 42 贵州5年真题溯源 1.（2023贵州72题）中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有 效药物。 Tu Youyou is the Chinese scientist _________ ___________ an effective drug against malaria. who/that discovered 43 2.（2022贵阳52题）孔子是一位对中国教育有着深远影响的思想家。 Confucius is a thinker _____ _____/_______ ____ a far-reaching influence on Chinese education. who has who’s got 3.（2022安顺短文填空89题）He was the one _________ opened up private schools and received students from every walk of life without considering their social status （地位）. who/that 44 考点测验 典型题 4.（2024毕节三模）《奢香夫人》这首流行歌曲让毕节风靡全国。 Madame Shexiang is a popular song ____________ _______ Bijie well-known in China. which/ that makes 45 5.（2024遵义二模）袁隆平是一位帮助中国人民摆脱饥饿的伟大 科学家。 Yuan Longping is a great scientist _________ ______ Chinese people to live without hunger. who/that helps 6.（2024贵阳花溪区二模）中国是一个有着悠久历史和灿烂文化 的国家。 China is a country ___________ _____ a long history and colorful culture. which/that has 46 7.人而无信，不知其可也。 People _________ ______ no credit do not know what is possible. who/that have 8.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 Nothing is difficult to the man _________ _____ try. who/that will 9.那首用二胡演奏的乐曲尤其使我感动。 The piece of music ___________ _____ played on the erhu especially moved me. which/that was 47 10.我会记得那些当我需要他们，他们总是在那里的重要的人。 I will remember the important people _________ ____ always there when I need them. who/that are 11.潘展乐是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的年轻游泳运动员。 Pan Zhanle is a young swimmer ___ _______ all the Chinese are proud. of whom 12.我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。 I’ll never forget the experiences ____ _____ in the volunteer work last summer. we had 48 13.父母是我们在任何时候遇到困难时可以倾诉的人。 Parents are the persons ___________ ____ can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time. whom/that we 14.篮球是一项需要团队精神的运动。 Basketball is a sport ___________ _______ team spirit. which/that needs 15.（2024长春改编）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ___________ can fly in the sky. which/that 49 16.（2024泸州改编）A true friend is a person _________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. 17.This is the beach ___________ has the most beautiful white sand in the world. 18.If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing _____ can’t be achieved. 19.I was the only student _____ has been to that country. who/that which/that that that 50 加练题 20.（2024贵阳白云区二模）《上春山》是一首关于春天的动听 的歌曲。 Shangchunshan is a beautiful song ___________ ___ about spring. which/that is 21.国家反诈中心是一个有助于防止我们被欺骗的应用程序。 The National Anti-Fraud Center is an app ___________ ______ prevent us being cheated. that/which helps 51 22.我认为李白写的诗很美。 I think the poems ___________ ______ written by Li Bai are beautiful. which/that were 23.贵阳是以美景闻名于全国的城市之一。 Guiyang is one of the cities ___________ ____ famous for beautiful scenery all over the country. which/that are 24.杰森真的很喜欢他在课堂活动上拍的照片。 Jason really likes the pictures ___________ ____ took during the class activity. which/that he 52 25.至于学习英语，经常读的学生比不读的学生做得更好。 As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than those _____ ______. who don’t 26.学生们通常收集从树上掉下来的叶子。 Students usually collect the leaves ____________ ______ fallen from the trees. that/ which have 53 27.杜甫是一位著名的中国诗人，他受到世界各地许多人的喜爱。 Du Fu is a famous Chinese poet _________ ___ popular with many people around the world. who/that is 28.他们永远不会忘记他们在中国参观过的那些人和建筑。 They’ll never forget the people and buildings _____ they _______ in China. that visited 54 29.我找不到我昨天从图书馆借来的一本关于著名运动员的书。 I can’t find the book about famous sportsmen ___________ I __________ from the library yesterday. which/that borrowed 30.The students in that college were so excited because their teacher is one of the astronauts _________ have just returned from outer space. that/who 31.The new 5G mobile phone ____________ was developed by Huawei Company sells well. which/ that 55 32.In difficult times, there are always national heroes _________ step up and bring people hope. 33.The young lady _______________ we met yesterday is our new English teacher. 34.The first thing _____ he will do tonight is to call his mum. who/that whom/that/who that 56 57 $$