考点4 动词的时态(课件PPT)-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册 （人教版 贵州专用）

2025贵州 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 专题二 动词 2 考点 4 动词的时态 ［补全英语译文：贵州近2年必考1道；短文填空：贵州近2年必 考1道］ 3 4 考点讲解 ▶一般现在时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1. 主语+am/is/are+ 表语 2. 主语+动词原形/ 动词的单三形式+宾 语 1. 表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动 作， 常与频度副词连用。如：I always get up early. 5 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1. 主语+am/is/are+ 表语 2. 主语+动词原形/ 动词的单三形式+宾 语 2.表示主语现在的特征或状态等。 如： She has a good sense of humor. 3. 表示客观真理、客观存在或自然 现象。如： The earth moves around the sun. 续表 6 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志 词 1. 频度副词： always， usually， often， sometimes， seldom， never， hardly 2. 频度词组： once a year， twice a month， three times a day等 4. 主将从现：一个复合句含有由 when， after， before， until， as soon as等引导的时间状语从句或由 if， unless， as long as， once等 引导的条件状语从句， 主句若用一 般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将 来。如： If you go to that party, I will go as well. 续表 7 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志 词 3. 其他词组： on Sundays， at weekends， every day/year… （every系列） 5. 表示按计划或安排好的将要发生 的动作， 用一般现在时表将来， 但仅限于start， begin， leave， go， come， arrive 等动词。如： The train leaves at five this afternoon. 续表 8 ▶一般过去时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1. 主语 +was/were+表 语 2. 主语+动词 的过去式+宾 语 1. 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存 在的状态。如： I got up early this morning. 2. 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作， 常与频度副词连用。如： When Nancy was a little girl, she often played games with her sister. 9 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1.一段时间 +ago 2. yesterday及 yesterday词组 3. last+时间词 4. just now， in the past， in 1920等 3.有些句子没有明确表示过去时间的状 语， 但实际上是过去发生的， 应用一 般过去时。如： —Excuse me， sir. It’s a non-smoking area. —Sorry. I didn’t see it. 续表 10 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 5. at the age of…， used to… 6. one day， long long ago， once upon a time 4. 在since引导的时间状语从句中，主句 用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 如： It has been seven years since I got this bike. 续表 11 ▶一般将来时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1. 主语+will/shall+ 动词原形+表语/宾 语 2. 主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形 +表语/宾语 1. 表示将来某个时间会发生的动 作或存在的状态。如： They will leave for Shanghai next week. 2. 表示某种必然的趋势。如： Fish will die without water. 12 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1. 主语+will/shall+ 动词原形+表语/宾 语 2. 主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形 +表语/宾语 3. be going to+动词原形， 表示 计划、打算做某事， 常指已决定 的、很可能发生的事情， 或有某 种迹象表明要发生的事情。如： I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend. （计划） Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.（客观迹象） 续表 13 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1. tomorrow， soon, someday 2. next week/month （next系列） 3. in a week， in 2027， in+一段时 间, in the future 4. this Friday, this week, this year 4. “be about to+动词原形”或“be to+动词原形”结构也可表示即将发 生的动作。如： The football match is about to begin. 续表 14 ▶现在进行时 基本结构及时间标志 词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语 +am/is/are+动 词的现在分词 +宾语 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如： I am writing an email to my cousin. 2.表示现阶段一直在进行的动作， 此刻 不一定在进行， 常用时间状语有： this/these+表示一段时间的名词。如： Jim is preparing for an important painting competition these days. 15 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志 词 1. now 2. at this time， at the/this moment 3. when， while 4. Look!/ Listen! 3. be doing表示将来， 常用于这种结构的动词有：go， come， leave， stay， start， begin， 表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。如： My aunt is leaving for Guiyang this afternoon. 续表 16 ▶过去进行时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语+was/were+动 词的现在分词+宾 语 1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的 动作。如： I was watching TV at nine last night. 2. 表示过去某段时间内持续进行 的动作。如： We were watching TV from six to eight last night. 17 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1. then 2. at that time， at ten yesterday， at this time yesterday 3. when/while引导 的表示过去时间的 状语从句 3. 表示一个动作发生时，另一个 动作正在进行，常出现在when， while，as 引导的时间状语从句。 如：Everybody was dancing while the music was playing. 续表 18 ▶现在完成时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语+has/have+动词的过去 分词+表语/宾语 1. 表示过去发生的动作或 已经完成的动作对现在造 成的影响。如： He has turned off the light. 19 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1. already， ever， never， just， yet， still 2. recently， so far 3. in the past/last 3 years/… 4. since 1998， since+一段 时间+ago, since+时间状语 从句 5. for+一段时间 2. 表示从过去开始持续到 现在的动作或状态， 也许 还要持续下去， 常和 for， since 连用， 动词应 用延续性动词。如：Mr. White has worked in this factory since it opened. 续表 20 拓展：实义动词还可以根据动作是否延续分为：①延续性动词； ②非延续性动词。 分类 定义 例词 例句 延续性 动词 表示可以持续的 动作或状态， 可 以和表示一段时 间的时间状语连 用 live， stay， study， work， keep， teach I have studied in this school for three years. 21 分类 定义 例词 例句 非延续 性动词 表示在短暂时间 内可以完成的动 作， 不可以和表 示一段时间的时 间状语连用 buy， lend， borrow， die， begin， stop， arrive She bought a nice watch. 续表 22 若句中含有表示一段时间的时间状语， 谓语动词应用延续 性动词；如果动词是非延续性动词， 则要将非延续性动词转化 为延续性动词。常见转化见下表： 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） arrive in/at/reach/get to be in begin/start be on borrow/lend keep buy have catch a cold have a cold come back be back 24 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） 非延续性动词 （词组） 延续性动词 （词组） die be dead fall/become asleep/ill be asleep/ill join be in/be a member of leave be away （from） marry be married open be open 续表 25 如：I’ve left this school for eight years.（×） I’ve been away from this school for eight years.（√） 贵州5年真题溯源 1.（2024贵州70题）越来越多的人正在使用AI来帮助他们工作。 More and more people ____ ______ AI to help them with their work. are using 2.（2023贵州71题）事虽难，做则必成。 Difficult as the task is, ____ _____ get the job done if we keep working at it. we will 27 3.（2024贵州短文填空81题改编）In 1962, the museum ________ （want） to insure （给……投保） the painting Mona Lisa. wanted 4.（2023贵州短文填空80题改编）Washed Ashore has ________ （create） more than seventy of these works of art. created 28 考点测验 典型题 一、补全英语译文 5.（2024遵义三模）我学了十年的英语。现在我可以和外国人很 好地沟通。 I ______ ______________ English for ten years. I can communicate well with foreigners now. have learned/learnt 29 6.（2024铜仁万山区三模）当我到达时，我发现很多人正躺在沙 滩上。 I found that many people ______ ______ on the beach when I arrived there. were lying 7.我决定明年八月去贵阳，我要在我阿姨家住两年。 I decide to go to Guiyang next August, and I _____ _____ in my aunt’s house for two years. will live 30 8.在中国，人们通常在端午节吃粽子。 People ________ ____ zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival in China. usually eat 9.当妈妈回家时，丹尼正在客厅里弹钢琴。 When Mom came home, Danny _____ ________ the piano in the living room. was playing 10.他告诉过我他的名字，但我现在不记得了。 ____ _____ me his name, but I can’t remember it now. He told 31 11.我妹妹已经读过《红楼梦》这本书五次了。 My sister _____ ______ the book The Story of the Stone five times. has read 12.如果下雨的话，我们就不得不推迟篮球比赛了。 If ___ ______, we’ll have to put off the basketball game. it rains 13.现在不但学生们在欣赏这部3D影片，他们的老师也正在欣赏。 Not only the students but also their teacher ___ _________ the 3D film now. is enjoying 32 14.我已经买了华为手机快一年了。 I ______ _____ the Huawei mobile phone for nearly a year. have had 15.除非我爸爸出差了，否则他都是在家和我们一起吃饭。 Unless my dad is on business, he _____ ______ dinner at home with us. will have 16.老师告诉我们这两颗行星彼此离得很近。 The teacher told us the two planets ____ ______ to each other. are close 33 二、用动词的适当形式填空 17.Judy _______ （join） the volunteer program two years ago. joined 18.—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I _______________ （practice） singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. was practicing 19.So far, Chinese scientists _______________ （develop） robotic fish that can help clean up plastic pollution in the sea. have developed 34 20.In 1519, Magellan ____ （lead） the first voyage to sail around the world. 21.Look! Judy ___________ （make） a snowman over there! Let’s go and have fun together! 22.I took part in the long jump and _____ （win） first place at the sports meeting. 23.In the last few years, the city ____________ （realize） its goals in the environmental protection. led is making won has realized 35 24.Andy is a sweet and smart child, and he often _____ （get） praise from his teachers. 25.The new supermarket ________ （do） two surveys on its goods and service this weekend. gets will do 26.I would like to go to the concert with you tonight, but I ______________ （accept） Mike’s invitation to his birthday party. have accepted 27.Wild animals ____ （be） our friends. We shouldn’t kill them for food or clothes. are 36 28.Tom __________ （suggest） making some sentences with these new words just now. 29.I’m afraid we can’t go to have a picnic today. It __________ （rain） very hard now. 30.As long as you are careful enough, you ___________ （make） progress. suggested is raining will make 37 31.The basketball team of Class One _____ （beat） the other teams last week. 32.All the passengers are waiting to board. The ship is ________ （leave） soon. beat leaving 38 三、短文填空 Jake Pinnick, 31, from Illinois of America, has been 33._________ （work） on learning Chinese martial arts （武术） on Wudang Mountains for 14 years since 2010. He is now a coach of a martial arts centre. working 39 Jake has 34.______（be） interested in Chinese martial arts since he was a kid. He once 35._________（watch） a video about practising martial arts by chance. At that time, he 36.________ （decide） to come to China to learn traditional Chinese martial arts. He not only 37.______（love） Chinese martial arts but also has a deep love for traditional Chinese culture. been watched decided loves 40 “I love Hubei so much. The martial arts and people here 38.______（make） me feel like this is my hometown. I practise martial arts and go out for fun with my friends. They always 39.________ （offer） help to me when I stayed here,” Jake said. make offered 41 Now, Jake can not only play Wudang kung fu, but also play an instrument, use chopsticks and speak Chinese. Though they were difficult in the beginning, Jake 40._____ （say）, “We all face difficult things in our lives, and we all continue to. The only way to face these things is to be well prepared and make a good plan to follow.” Jake says he 41._______ （want） to open a martial arts centre in the US, so more people could learn more about Wudang kung fu and Chinese culture. said wants 42 加练题 42.我们昨天在观山湖公园玩得很愉快。 We ________ __________ in the Guan-shanhu Park yesterday. enjoyed ourselves 43.孔子是一位著名的教育家，他的思想对许多人产生了影响。 Confucius is a famous educator. His ideas ______ ___________ many people. have influenced 43 44.如果你没有得到一个满意的结果，尽量不要生气。 If the result ________ _______ you, try not to get angry. doesn’t satisfy 45.除了星期天，他每天都练习弹钢琴。 He _________ ________ the piano every day except Sunday. practices playing 46.Who ______ （do） the most of the housework in your family? 47.We had a school trip last month and I ________ （enjoy） every minute of it. does enjoyed 44 48.Neither he nor I was playing computer games at this time yesterday. We ______________ （plant） trees in the neighborhood. were planting 49.Remember to clear all your own things from the classroom when the school year ______ （end）. ends 50.Since we entered our school three years ago, we ________________________ （learn） not only knowledge but also how to be a responsible man. have learned/have learnt 45 51.Jim is such a man who always _________ （behave） so well, so people around all like him very much. 52.Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else ______ （sing） so well. behaves sings 46 47 $$