Unit 8 Period 2 Lesson 1 The Last Leaf—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2019）

First Snow Mr Robert Lynd once said of Jane Austen’s characters：“They are people in whose lives a slight fall of snow is an event.” Even at the risk of appearing to this fair and witty reviewer as another Mr Woodhouse，I must insist1 that last night’s fall of snow here was an event. I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children, whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again. The fact is, however，that the snow was as strange and fascinating to me as it was to them.It is the first fall we have had here this winter，and last year I was out of the country，sweating in a hot climate，during the snowy season，so that it really does seem an age since I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted. The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event.You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different，and if this is not magic，then where is it to be found？The very secrecy2 and quietness of the thing makes it more magical. When I got up this morning the world was a cold place of dead white and pale blues.The light that came through the windows was very strange, and it made the familiar business of splashing and shaving3 and brushing and dressing very strange too.Then the sun came out，and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing4 the snow with delicate pinks.The dining-room window had been transformed into a lovely Japanese print.The little plum5 tree outside，with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed6 along its trunk，stood in full sunlight.(节选自外研版新教材选择性必修第三册 Unit 6) 词汇积累 1.insist/In'sIst/ v．坚称，坚决认为 2．secrecy/'siːkrəsi/ n．保密，秘密状态 3．shaving/'ʃeIvIŋ/ n．刮胡子 4．flush/flʌʃ/ v．(使)发红 5．plum/plʌm/ n．李子；梅子 6．dispose/dI'spəʊz/ v．排列，布置 Period 2　Lesson 1 The Last Leaf—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．adventure　 A．a story that is based on imagination 2．romance B．exciting or full of interesting ideas 3．fantasy C．an unusual，exciting or dangerous experience，journey or series of events 4．stimulating D．a story about a love affair 5．dramatic E．to say sth that you have learned 6．mystery  F．sudden，great or exciting 7．recite  G．to give a document, proposal, etc. to sb in authority 8．submit  H．something that is difficult to understand 答案　1.C　2.D　3.A　4.B　5.F　6.H　7.E　8.G Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I am fond of a wide variety of literary works，such as science fiction，detective novels and romantic stories. 2．The Spring Festival takes place when frozen rivers and soil begin to melt in North China. 3．After a heated discussion，I had to submit to the lawyer who was very stubborn. 4．The essay you submit should contain at least 800 words. 5．Having stayed in London for half a year，the chemist was still not used to communicating in English. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the text mainly tell us? A．A last ivy leaf on the wall. B．Mr Behrman—a failed painter. C．A story about a kind of severe disease. D．A beautiful and sorrowful story with a surprising ending. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Match the main idea with each part. Part 1Paras.1－3　 A．Johnsy got ill with pneumonia. Part 2Paras.4－11 B．Behrman died of pneumonia after painting “the last leaf” for Johnsy on the cold rainy night. Part 3Paras.12－13 C．Johnsy changed her attitude to life in the efforts of Sue and Mr Behrman. 答案　Part 1 A　Part 2 C　Part 3 B Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Paras.1－3 and do the following exercises. 1．What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To describe a scene of life. C．To introduce the background of the story. D．To describe a place. 答案　C 2．What rhetorical method is used to describe pneumonia? A．Simile(明喻)． B．Personification(拟人)． C．Hyperbole(夸张)． D．Parallelism(排比)． 答案　B 3．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．People put their hopes on Johnsy. B．The chance of Johnsy’s survival was slim. C．Johnsy needed to think about her future more. D．People should encourage Johnsy to stick to her dream. 答案　B Ⅱ.Read Paras.4－11 and do the following exercises. 1．What was Mr Behrman’s response to Johnsy’s belief about life? A．He thought it very impressive. B．He was surprised at it. C．He found it worth admiration. D．He thought Sue was lying. 答案　B 2．Why did Johnsy change her attitude? A．Sue encouraged her to be brave and she was moved. B．Behrman persuaded her to give up her stupid idea. C．She was encouraged by the brave leaf and realised that it was wrong of her to want to die. D．The doctor told her something cheerful. 答案　C 3．What does the word “it” refer to in line 43? 答案　The word “it” refers to the leaf painted by Mr Behrman. Ⅲ.Read Paras.12－13 and do the following exercise. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The janitor saw Mr Behrman go out that rainy night. B．Mr Behrman got pneumonia because of painting in the cold rainy night. C．Mr Behrman would become famous for his masterpiece. D．Mr Behrman went to prevent the last leaf from falling off. 答案　B Ⅳ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．How can we describe Johnsy，Sue and Mr Behrman? Johnsy：(1)Sensitive，pessimistic Sue：(2)Caring，helpful Mr Behrman：(3)Kind，selfless 2．How is the story developed? A．By following time order. B．By following space order. C．By following logical order. D．By following the changes of feelings. 答案　A Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What do you think Sue’s comment “it’s Behrman’s masterpiece” means？(Critical thinking) 答案　It was painted so true to life that Johnsy didn’t even find it was a picture.It is the best art he had ever painted because it kept Johnsy hopeful and alive. 2．What do you think the story is trying to express？(Creative thinking) 答案　The story is trying to express how people love and take care of each other.It also invites readers to think about attitudes towards life. Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Sue and Johnsy were friends and they had their studio at the top of a three-story building. Unfortunately，Johnsy 1.suffered(suffer) from pneumonia and lay on the bed，staring out the small window and 2.counting(count) backwards：“Ten，nine，eight，seven...” She said weakly she must go when 3.the last leaf fell.The doctor told Sue to encourage her to think 4.more hopeful(hopeful) thoughts，about the future，about living.At the same time，Sue went to fetch Mr Behrman 5.who/that was a failed painter to be a model for her drawing.When Sue told him about Johnsy’s longing to slip away like the 6.leaves(leaf)，the old man decided something must 7.be done(do) to keep Johnsy hopeful，especially when he saw a cold rain was falling,8.mixed(mix) with snow.The next morning there was still one leaf on the ivy vine.After another terrible night，it was still there.Then Johnsy saw the power of life and wanted to live.9.With the help of the doctor and Sue，Johnsy was out of danger 10.gradually(gradual)．However，Mr Behrman died after painting a leaf that would never fall that cold rainy night.The leaf drawn by him was an actual masterpiece. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together，hunting for apartments with north-facing windows and low rents. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。where the art people came together 是定语从句；hunting for...为现在分词短语作状语，和从句主语the art people构成主动关系。 [自主翻译]　格林尼治村是个艺术人士聚集的地方，他们在那里寻找窗户朝北且租金低廉的公寓。 2．Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. [句式分析]　此句是并列句。barely moving 和staring at a blank wall为现在分词短语作状语，和分句主语she构成主动关系。 [自主翻译]　“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。 3．Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。其中 looked和noticed 为并列谓语；that引导宾语从句；remaining 意为“剩下的”，和被修饰词leaf 构成主动关系。 [自主翻译]　伯曼和苏望着窗外的藤蔓，发现藤枝上只剩下最后一片叶子了。 4．What’s more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow. [句式分析]　此句是简单句。mixed with snow为过去分词短语作状语，和a cold rain 构成被动关系。 [自主翻译]　更糟糕的是，外面下起冰冷的雨来，雨夹着雪。 5．Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew? [句式分析]　此句是复合句。主句是一个反问句，意为“(难道)你不觉得奇怪吗”；why引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 [自主翻译]　(难道)你不觉得奇怪吗，为什么那片叶子在风中一动不动呢？ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·江西赣州高二期末) Annie Ernaux，a French writer and professor，has been awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature.The 82-year-old writer is known for works that make it difficult to distinguish between memoir(回忆录) and fiction. Born in 1940 in France，Ernaux grew up in the French countryside after World War Ⅱ.Having spent over 50 years as a writer，the 82-year-old winner has published more than 30 books that explored deeply in her own life experience. Her first book，Cleaned Out，released in 1974，was an autobiographical(自传) novel about something that was still illegal in France.So she wrote the book in secret.“My husband had made fun of me after my first manuscript，” she told the New York Times in 2020.“I pretended to work on a PhD paper to have time alone.” And the book was translated into English in 1990. After decades of digging her own past in various works，Ernaux published The Years，which many critics saw as her own statement.First published in 2008，The Years was an expansive look at the society that created her.While it was an examination of each year of her life from 1940 to 2006，Ernaux avoided any use of the pronoun “I” in favor of a broader “we” or sometimes “she”．In reviewing the 2018 English translation of The Years for the LA Review of Books，writer Azarin Sadegh compared reading it to digging through old family photos. Ernaux has another book being translated into English，due in 2023，titled Look at the Lights，My Love.According to the book’s press release，it’s a “meditation(冥想) on the phenomenon of the big-box super store”．Of course，through the lens(镜头) of Ernaux’s own memory. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了获得2022年诺贝尔文学奖的法国作家、教授安妮·埃尔诺的创作之路以及她在文学上的成就。 1．When was Ernaux’s first book published? A．In 2020. B．In 1990. C．In 1974. D．In 1940. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her first book，Cleaned Out，released in 1974”可知，她的第一本书于1974年发行。故选C。 2．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Ernaux’s achievement in literature. B．Ernaux’s early life experience in France. C．The influence of Ernaux’s book The Years. D．An introduction to Ernaux’s book The Years. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，第四段主要是对《悠悠岁月》这本书的介绍。故选D。 3．What can we know about Look at the Lights，My Love? A．It is set in a super store. B．It is a best-seller in France. C．It is an autobiographical novel. D．It is being translated into English. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Ernaux has another book being translated into English，due in 2023，titled Look at the Lights，My Love.”可知，这本书正被译成英文。故选D。 4．Which words can best describe Ernaux? A．Devoted and productive. B．Kind-hearted and grateful. C．Considerate and generous. D．Humorous and determined. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Having spent over 50 years as a writer，the 82-year-old winner has published more than 30 books that explored deeply in her own life experience.”可知，埃尔诺一生致力于文学创作，著作颇丰。故选A。 B As a student at a medical school，Sam thinks poetry is a big part of his life，thanks to his new teacher，Rafael Campo，who believes poetry can benefit every doctor’s education and work.Rafael is a physician，professor and a highly respected poet. “Poetry is in every encounter with my patients.If we do anything when we’re with our patients，we’re really immersed in their stories，really hearing their voices.And，certainly，that’s what a poem does，” he said. Rafael worries that something important has been lost in medicine and medical education today：humanity，which he finds in poetry.To end that，he leads a weekly reading and writing workshop for medical students and residents.He thinks medical training focuses too much on distancing the doctor from his or her patients，and poems can help close that gap. Third-year resident Andrea Schwartz was one of the workshop regulars.She said，“I think there’s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does.And I think that is because there’s just so much power in doctors and patients’ interacting when patients are at their saddest moments.” Not everyone believes that’s what doctors should do，though. Rafael said，“I was afraid of how people might judge me，actually.In the medical profession，as many people know，we must always put the emergency first.But，you know，that kind of treatment，if it’s happening in the hospital，very regrettably，sadly，results in a bad outcome.The family is sitting by the bedside.The patient hasn’t survived the cancer.Don’t we still have a role as healers there？” In a poem titled Health，Rafael writes of the wish to live forever in a world made painless by our incurable joy.He says he will continue teaching students，helping patients and writing poems，his own brand of medicine. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Rafael认为诗歌可以让医生倾听病人的故事，可以缩小医生与病人之间的距离，因此他组建了读写讲习班。 5．What’s Rafael Campo? A．He’s a doctor. B．He’s a physicist. C．He is a teacher in a senior school. D．He is a student at a medical school. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段末句“Rafael is a physician，professor and a highly respected poet.”可知，Rafael的职业是一名医生，故选A。 6．What does the underlined word “immersed” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Committed. B．Forced. C．Absorbed. D．Persuaded. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段画线词所在句中的“really hearing their voices”可推知，他与病人在一起的时候，会听病人们诉说自己的故事，应该会沉浸在病人的故事里，故“immersed”的意思是“沉浸于……”。故选C。 7．What does Andrea Schwartz think of poetry? A．It contributes to medical work. B．It is mostly produced by doctors. C．It has nothing to do with doctors. D．It keeps doctors away from patients. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Andrea Schwartz认为医务工作相比其他行业，会产生更多作家，这是因为病人处于痛苦时，医生与病人之间的互动力量很大，其实这是医生帮助病人的一种方式，医生和病患关系紧密就有助于医疗效果，故推知Andrea Schwartz认为诗歌有利于医疗工作，故选A。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．A Good Medicine Tastes Bitter B．Poetry Heals the Pain C．Sad Poetry Is a Ready Medicine D．A Poem a Day Keeps the Doctor Away 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Rafael认为诗歌可以让医生倾听病人的故事，可以缩小医生与病人之间的距离，有助于医学治疗，因此他组建了读写讲习班，B项“诗歌治愈伤痛”能够概括主题，故选B。 C The lift-off of any NASA space shuttle is always a huge event，but on July 23,1999，it was particularly emotional for a group of women whose nickname was the “Mercury 13”．On that day，Eileen Collins became the first woman to command a space shuttle ever. Almost Astronauts: 13 Women Who Dared to Dream is a photo essay book that tells the story of thirteen female pilots，known as the “Mercury 13”，who attempted to join NASA’s astronaut program in the 1960s，when there was an unspoken rule in America: you had to be a man if you wanted to be an astronaut. They participated in the Women in Space program，in which they not only completed the tests but also surpassed the results of male astronauts.However，their ambition，courage，and achievements were ignored by NASA and other government figures，involving Vice President Lyndon B．Johnson，who was in favor of prohibiting women from being astronauts. Of course，those 13 women never made it to space，but they continued to push for female pilots to be admitted to the space program.Because of their courageous struggle，later generations succeeded. Younger female readers will enjoy reading these stories about women who overcame criticism，prejudice and injustice and dared to achieve more than the roles society wished them to play.Not only are these women excellent role models for our girls，but they are also a good reminder of how hard women once fought for us，so we can enjoy the relative equality today.I would recommend this book to any young woman，especially one in high school who is ready to take on the world on her own，one who may be questioning where she will take her life and definitely one who may be dreaming bigger than most people think is appropriate. 语篇解读　本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了一本书Almost Astronauts： 13 Women Who Dared to Dream，具体讲述了这本书的主要内容以及意义。 9．Why didn’t the 13 women make it into space in the 1960s? A．They didn’t meet the skill standard. B．They lacked related experience. C．They were blocked by prejudice. D．They disobeyed the rules of NASA. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“when there was an unspoken rule in America: you had to be a man if you wanted to be an astronaut”以及第三段内容可知，这13名女性不能成为宇航员的原因是当时存在性别歧视，她们受到了社会偏见的阻碍。故选C。 10．Which of the following best describes “Mercury 13”？ A．Ambitious and determined. B．Creative and imaginative. C．Cautious and modest. D．Generous and helpful. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，她们参加了“太空中的女性”项目，不仅完成了测试，还超过了男性宇航员的成绩。然而，她们的雄心、勇气和成就被NASA和其他政府人物忽视了。第四段讲虽然她们没能进入太空，但她们继续努力推动女性加入太空计划，她们的坚定为后辈的成功奠定了基础。由此可推断，这些女性有雄心，有毅力，有决心。故选A。 11．What can we learn from the 13 women’s story? A．Helping others is helping yourself. B．Sticking to dreams makes a difference. C．Education plays a significant role. D．Love breaks down barriers. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Because of their courageous struggle，later generations succeeded.”以及最后一段中的“Not only are these women excellent role models...the relative equality today.”可知，这13位女性的故事体现了“坚持梦想才能产生影响”。故选B。 12．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To inform the public of an event. B．To explain a phenomenon. C．To argue over a social issue. D．To recommend a book. 答案　D 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“I would recommend this book to any young woman，especially one in high school...people think is appropriate.”并结合全文可推断，这篇文章的主要目的是推荐一本书。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·河南南阳高二期末) Literature is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material.It most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination，including poetry，drama，fiction，nonfiction，and in some instances，journalism，and songs. What Is Literature? Generally speaking，literature represents the culture and tradition of a language or a nation. 1 It’s clear that the accepted definition of literature is constantly changing and evolving.For many，the word literature suggests a higher art form.Merely putting words on a page doesn’t necessarily mean creating literature.A common standard is the accepted body of works for a given author. Literary Fiction vs Genre Fiction 2 Genre fiction includes types such as mystery，science fiction，western，romance，thriller，and horror.It typically does not have as much character development as literary fiction and is read for entertainment，escapism，and plots.Literary fiction explores themes common to the human condition and uses symbolism and other literary devices to convey the author’s viewpoint on his or her chosen themes. 3 The main character typically comes to a realization or changes in some way during the course of a literary novel. 　4　 Works of literature，at their best，provide a kind of blueprint(蓝图) of human society.From the writings of ancient civilizations such as Egypt and China to Greek philosophy and poetry，from the epics of Homer to the plays of William Shakespeare，from Jane Austen and Charlotte Brontë to Maya Angelou，works of literature give insight and context to all the world’s societies.In this way，literature is more than just a historical or cultural artifact. 5 A．How To Create Literature? B．Why Is Literature Important? C．It can serve as an introduction to a new world of experience. D．Some definitions also separate literary fiction from “genre fiction”． E．The concept is difficult to precisely define，though many have tried. F．Literary fiction involves getting into the minds of the characters and experiencing their relationships with others. G．The differences in types do not mean that literary writers are better than genre fiction writers，just that they operate differently. 1．答案　E 解析　上文指出了文学的一般概念，即代表了一种语言或一个民族的文化和传统，后文提到公认的文学定义是不断变化和发展的，故本句应该表达文学的概念很难精确定义。故选E。 2．答案　D 解析　根据小标题Literary Fiction vs Genre Fiction可知，此段内容主要介绍小说的两种类型，D项能够引出下文。故选D。 3．答案　F 解析　根据后文“The main character typically comes to a realization or changes in some way during the course of a literary novel.”可知，此处主要介绍文学小说的特征，与下文衔接。故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　根据本段内容“Works of literature，at their best，provide a kind of blueprint(蓝图) of human society...In this way，literature is more than just a historical or cultural artifact.”可知，本段主要讲述文学的作用，表明文学的重要性。故选B。 5．答案　C 解析　根据空前一句可知，此处衔接上文，应继续介绍文学的重要性，即文学也可以充当一个新的经验世界的介绍。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$