Unit 7 Period 2 Lesson 1 EQ：IQ—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Life Behind the Lens1 A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and simple black running shoes. If you saw him, you’d never think there was anything remarkable about him.And yet every member of New York’s wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose2 for this man. This ordinary-looking man was Bill Cunningham，one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years. What made Cunningham so great？It certainly wasn’t the use of expensive，technologically-advanced equipment.Cunningham always used simple，relatively cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York, not in a studio. Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening，Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.He found inspiration where others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery3 store，or a woman riding home on the graffiti-covered subway.These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his fascination4 with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion5 to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands. Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day，regardless of the weather.He would even stay outside in a storm, not coming back until he knew he had the right photos. He hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.This is what makes them so special.(节选自外研版新教材选择性必修第三册 Unit 2) 词汇积累 1.lens/lenz/ n．(照相机、摄像机的)镜头 2．pose/pəʊz/ v．(使)摆好姿势 3．grocery/'ɡrəʊs(ə)ri/ n．食品杂货店 4．fascination/ˌfæsI’neIʃ(ə)n/ n．着迷，迷恋 5．fashion/'fæʃ(ə)n/ n．时尚 Period 2　Lesson 1 EQ：IQ—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．assistant　　　　 A．take on or appoint a person as a paid worker 2．reliable B．a person who helps another in a job or piece of work 3．administration C．(a person)can be depended on 4．brilliant D．management of public or business affairs 5．employ E．very bright；very clever 6．determine F．say，tell，show in advance 7．predict G．have earned by one’s actions or character；be worthy of 8．deserve H．make a firm decision to do sth 答案　1.B　2.C　3.D　4.E　5.A　6.H　7.F　8.G Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I once worked as a shop assistant，so I think I am suitable for the position of a salesman. 2．He is not a librarian here and I don’t think he is responsible for sorting out books in the library. 3．Word came that the company was likely to employ some disabled workers. 4．In terms of his professional abilities，he’s just no match for you. 5．If you want to apply for a job，you should know your strengths and weaknesses. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the text mainly tell us? A．What a high EQ is. B．EQ is more important than IQ. C．The difference between EQ and IQ. D．A high EQ is important to career success. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Match the main idea with each part. Para.1　　　 A．EQ can be developed by education. Para.2 B．EQ matters more than IQ as for someone’s future success. Para.3 C．People with high IQs do not always have high EQs. Para.4 D．Success is not simply the result of a high IQ. Paras.5－6  E．A high EQ is necessary for a happy and successful life. Para.7  F．EQ is important for a positive life. 答案　Para.1 D　Para.2 B　Para.3 C　Para.4 F　Paras.5－6 A　Para.7 E Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Paras.1－2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What does the author want to emphasize in the first paragraph? 答案　Success is not simply the result of a high IQ. 2．How does the author present his idea about IQ and EQ? A．By analyzing causes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparisons. 答案　D 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paras.1－2? A．IQ can not be changed. B．IQ determines someone’s situation. C．Someone’s future success depends more on one’s EQ. D．EQ is more important than IQ. 答案　C Ⅱ.Read Para.3 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What might be the reason for some smart students getting low grades? 答案　Perhaps their failure is because of their lower EQ. 2．What may Professor Salovey disagree with? A．A student with a high IQ is sure to get higher grades. B．A person’s character has a greater influence on one’s success. C．People with a high EQ may make better use of their IQ. D．A higher EQ may contribute to one’s promotion. 答案　A 3．How did the author prove Professor Salovey’s theory according to paragraph 3? A．By analyzing causes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparisons. 答案　B Ⅲ.Read Para.4 carefully and choose the best answer. What might people with low EQs do? A．Be willing to accept new ideas. B．Be optimistic about life and work. C．Be slow to adapt to new social environment. D．Be easy to get along with. 答案　C Ⅳ.Read Paras.5－6 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What are “people skills”？ 答案　“People skills” refer to skills about how to get on with others，such as understanding and communication. 2．How did the disabled students change in Professor Mayer’s study? A．They were more willing to help people with difficulties. B．They could understand others’ feelings better. C．They became as positive about life as non-disabled students. D．They were more likely to try new things. 答案　D Ⅴ.Read Para.7 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why is EQ important to a person? 答案　EQ is important because being successful in life requires being able to get on well with others and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. 2．What should schools do to develop students’ EQ? A．Have lessons about people skills. B．Teach them more basic knowledge. C．Improve students’ study skills. D．Have more EQ tests. 答案　A Ⅵ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．Where does the essay probably come from? A．A science fiction novel. B．An advertisement. C．A scientific magazine. D．A book review. 答案　C 2．What is the structure of the text? A．①－②③④⑤⑥－⑦ B．①②－③④⑤⑥－⑦ C．①－②③④⑤－⑥⑦ D．①②③－④⑤⑥－⑦ 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Why does Professor Salovey say “it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you promoted”？ (Creative thinking) 答案　Professor Salovey means that when doing job interviews，interviewers often focus on your IQ level or how clever you are.But in real working situations，your boss focuses more on your EQ，i.e.“people skills”．Professor Salovey means EQ matters more than IQ in real working situations. 2．Does a high EQ in career mean flattering(奉承) your superiors(上司)？(Critical thinking) 答案　No，because having a higher EQ means being open to new ideas，having a positive attitude towards life，and being able to understand and get along well with others. Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 New research into EQ suggests that success 1.is(be) not simply the result of a high IQ.2.While/Though/Although your IQ tells you how intelligent you are，your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.Professor Salovey gives the following 3.description(describe)：at work，it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you 4.promoted(promote)．He suggests that when 5.predicting(predict) someone’s future success，their character might actually matter more than their IQ.Professor Salovey may be correct. People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.This association can exist，but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ 6.to have(have) a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.However,7.it is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes 8.to/towards life.Besides，most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with education. Altogether，the results of studies show that EQ is as important，if not 9.more important(important) than IQ.And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need，not 10.solely(sole) based on IQ but on developing the entire character. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Even if they never see their results，they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。 Even if 引导的是让步状语从句；that引导的是动词feel的宾语从句；what引导的是表语从句，且在从句中作主语；how引导的是宾语从句，how在该从句中作状语。 [自主翻译]　即使他们从来没有看到过自己的测验结果，他们也会觉得自己的智商决定了他们日后生活中的表现如何。 2．When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。When 引导时间状语从句；两个that引导的是动词believe的并列宾语从句；they can do是一个定语从句，修饰nothing，从句中省略了引导词that。 [自主翻译]　当看到其他学生比自己优秀，他们通常会认为那些学生的智商更高，无论做什么也改变不了自身这一劣势。 3．Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description: at work，it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you promoted. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。who引导的是定语从句，在从句中作主语；at work之后为but连接的并列句，两个分句都是强调句，强调的都是主语。 [自主翻译]　最先使用情商一词的沙洛维教授这样描述：帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。 4．Supported by his research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。过去分词短语supported by his research在句中作状语，句子主语Professor Salovey与support之间构成被动关系；suggests后面是that引导的宾语从句，该从句中包含了when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构。 [自主翻译]　在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。 5．When students were introduced to those who had disabilities，they found that，afterwards，the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。When引导时间状语从句，在从句中who引导定语从句，修饰those；found后面的that引导宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助残障人士。 6．And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need，not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。第一个that引导的是同位语从句，解释fact的内容；第二个that引导的从句跟在谓语动词means后，是宾语从句；第三个that引导的是谓语动词make sure的宾语从句；从句they really need 是定语从句，修饰an education；最后部分的not...but...意为“不是……而是……”。 [自主翻译]　此外，情商是可以后天提高的，这就意味着学校需要确保学生接受真正所需的教育，是人整体发展的教育，而不仅仅是基于智商的教育。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·山东临沂高二期末) Originally from Binghamton，Senior Jonathan Shapiro，the Business major decided to pursue his degree to further his music career.“The reason I came here was because in my senior year，I had a manager who was the owner of 105.5 The Beat，a radio station here in Rochester，and he invited me to come to this Kevin Gates concert，” Shapiro said.“I worked with him for months，and I never ended up signing... but this school was close to him.” The majority of fellow rappers that Shapiro has encountered in Rochester live different lives than he does—they don’t go to college，and they’re born-and-bred inner-city Rochester residents.They have，according to Shapiro，“a lot of real-life experiences” that come through in their work，which he admires.“I’ve met kids as young as 15 and people as old as 30 in the studios.” Shapiro himself has been shifting into，in his own words，“a more hyperpop sound” in comparison to his earlier work.He started making his own music in seventh grade after breaking his back，which shattered his dream of becoming a professional soccer player，and never stopped. In the future，Shapiro is planning a joint concert with some other Rochester musicians and rappers in the spring at Water Street Music Hall，as well as releasing further music across the course of the year.“It would be a mix of local artists and some UR artists，like a festival，” Shapiro said.“I want it to be a showcase of multiple artists if I can make that happen.” When asked about advice that he would give to ambitious musicians and rappers here in Rochester，Shapiro had this to say：“Don’t get discouraged by results and don’t be results-oriented(以结果为导向的)．If you want to get out there，do it because you love it and because you want to make good art，and that will always have an impact.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自Binghamton大学商业专业的大四学生Jonathan Shapiro决定继续攻读学位以进一步发展自己的音乐事业的故事。 1．What can we learn about Shapiro in paragraph 1? A．He became a staff of a radio station. B．He went on with his music learning. C．He worked as a manager in a concert. D．He graduated from a business school. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知，来自宾厄姆顿的Jonathan Shapiro决定攻读学位，进一步发展自己的音乐事业，由此可知，他会继续他的音乐学习。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “shattered” mean in paragraph 3? A．Killed. B．Fulfilled. C．Continued. D．Abandoned. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子中的“He started making his own music in seventh grade after breaking his back”可知，他背部骨折后开始制作自己的音乐，背部骨折使他无法实现自己成为职业足球运动员的梦想，所以shattered意为“扼杀”。故选A。 3．Which of the following can best describe Shapiro? A．Adorable and reliable. B．Positive and talented. C．Cooperative and admirable. D．Courageous and experienced. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第三段中“He started making his own music in seventh grade”可知，他很有才华。根据最后一段中“Don’t get discouraged...”可知，他是个积极向上的人。故选B。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Focusing on Results Always Matters B．Setting Goals Can Build a Life-long Career C．Learning from Failure Is the Key to Success D．Following Your Heart Can Make a Difference 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据最后一段Shapiro所说的话，并结合Shapiro的经历可知，本文主要讲述的是Shapiro为实现自己的音乐梦，继续攻读学位，他追随自己的本心，不放弃自己的梦想，由此可知，D项“追随本心可以产生影响”符合文章的主题。故选D。 B For the first time，scientists have measured what actually happens with face-to-face interactions when employees start to work at an open-plan office，and their results show these modern workspaces are not as cooperative as you’d think. Two researchers from Harvard Business School and Harvard University wanted to test whether removing walls at a real-world workplace really increases interactions between co-workers.“To our knowledge，no prior study has directly measured the effect on actual interaction that results from removing walls to create an open office environment，” Ethan S．Bernstein and Stephen Turban write in the paper.To that end，they approached two multinational companies that were re-organizing their office spaces at the global headquarters，and enlisted small groups of employees for two studies. For eight weeks before the office redesign and eight weeks afterward，the researchers tracked employees’ social interactions and locations.This data was analyzed together with email and instant messaging information from the company’s servers to measure differences in how people were communicating with each other. What they found was a pretty astonishing difference in face-to-face interactions—but not in the direction you might think.Across both experiments，employees’ social interactions in person decreased by a crazy 70 percent，while emails saw an uptick by roughly 20 to 50 percent. So，instead of spending more time cooperating with co-workers in the new space where everyone could see them，people got their heads down and tried to preserve their privacy any way they could.According to these results，it appears that being forced into a more open-plan environment can make people switch from chatting to others in person to sending an email or using instant messaging instead. As the team notes，it’s not automatically a bad thing，but it can certainly change work dynamics in an unexpected way.“That can have important consequences for how—and how productively—work gets done，” the researchers conclude. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现：在开放式办公室工作时，员工并不像你想象的那样合作，反而为了保护隐私，他们互动减少，更多使用电子邮件交流。 5．How did the two multinational companies redesign their offices? A．By expanding the total floor areas. B．By updating the computer servers. C．By changing the employees’ locations. D．By tearing down the space boundaries. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，为了做研究，研究人员联系这两家跨国公司，让这两家跨国公司通过打破空间边界(即拆除墙壁)来重新设计办公室。故选D。 6．Why did the employees prefer email or instant messaging in an open office space? A．To reduce the risk of privacy leaks. B．To establish efficient communication. C．To facilitate indirect social interaction. D．To transform traditional work patterns. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，员工更喜欢在开放式办公场所发电子邮件或即时消息，是因为他们想降低隐私泄露的风险。故选A。 7．What can be inferred from the researchers’ saying in the last paragraph? A．Further relevant research needs conducting. B．Their research findings are of practical value. C．Their team intends to change working environment. D．People hold different opinions on how work gets done. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“‘That can have important consequences for how—and how productively—work gets done，’the researchers conclude.”可知，研究人员认为他们的研究结果具有实用价值。故选B。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Real-world workplaces increase employees’ interaction. B．Work dynamics don’t have much effect on work efficiency. C．Modern workspaces change workers’ way of communication. D．Open-plan offices can’t promote cooperation between co-workers. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。由第一段、第四段第二句和全文可知，文章介绍了一项研究发现：在开放式办公室工作时，员工并不像你想象的那样合作，反而为了保护隐私，他们互动减少，更多使用电子邮件交流，因此D项“开放式办公室不能促进同事之间的合作”符合文意。故选D。 C Simply put，emotional intelligence involves a series of skills that allow you to understand and use emotions in ways that lead to more accurate self-awareness，greater confidence，more effective coping，stronger relationships，better decision-making，and more academic and work success.Emotional intelligence does not mean that you are emotional or must tell others everything you’re feeling.Rather it will allow you to handle pressure or become motivated to perform at your best. Emotional intelligence has been around for a very long time.Early philosophers noted the importance of aspects of emotional intelligence，even though they did not use that term.Consider Plato’s instruction to “Never discourage anyone...who continually makes progress，no matter how slow” and his warning to “Be kind，for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle”．Aristotle’s reflection that “Anybody can become angry—that is easy，but to be angry with the right person and to the right degree and at the right time and for the right purpose，and in the right way—that is not easy” stresses the need for effective understanding and expression of emotion. In 1983，Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner presented the idea of “multiple intelligences”．The term “emotional quotient” (EQ) was introduced by Reuven Bar-On in the 1980s as he developed an assessment tool to measure EQ.In 1994，Daniel Goleman published his bestseller Emotional Intelligence，who is regarded by many as the “inventor” or “father” of the idea of emotional intelligence. It’s natural to believe that IQ (intelligence quotient) is the key to success at every stage of life.Yes，you want your IQ to be as high as possible，but a high IQ alone doesn’t guarantee success either in school or in life.That’s where emotional intelligence comes in.A child with an average IQ who is highly motivated to do well，doesn’t give up when work gets challenging，understands when she needs help，and is disciplined enough to complete academic work carefully，will almost always outperform a child with above average or high IQ who is unmotivated，undisciplined，and unrealistic about the work required. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。何为“情商”？智商与情商，哪个更重要？本文就这两个问题进行了解释和说明。 9．How does the author begin the text? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By drawing a conclusion. D．By explaining a term. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由第一段可知，情商包括一系列技能，使你能够理解和利用情绪，从而获得更准确的自我意识、更大的信心、更有效的应对、更强的人际关系、更好的决策以及更多的学术和工作上的成功。即作者通过解释“情商”这个术语开始本文。故选D。 10．Why does the author use Plato’s and Aristotle’s sayings? A．To note EQ has many functions. B．To show research on EQ has a long history. C．To prove ancient philosophers had opposite ideas. D．To imply early philosophers knew more about EQ. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由第二段中的前两句和后面提及的柏拉图和亚里士多德的语录可知，作者列举名言，主要是说明跟“情商”类似的思想和观念古人早已经提出来了，即对“情商”的研究有很长的历史。故选B。 11．Who first put forward the concept of EQ? A．Howard Gardner. B．Daniel Goleman. C．Reuven Bar-On. D．Plato and Aristotle. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的第二句可知，最早提出“情商”(EQ)这一概念的人是Reuven Bar-On。故选C。 12．What does the author try to stress in the last paragraph? A．The importance of EQ. B．The significance of IQ. C．The effects IQ and EQ have on us. D．The differences between IQ and EQ. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，本段先指出人们普遍认识到智商的重要性，接下来分析说明其实情商对我们未来的成功更加重要，因此最后一段作者强调的是情商的重要性。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·江西上饶高二期末) How to Choose a College Major and Develop a Career Plan Going to college can seem daunting，and no small part of that is the prospect of having to choose a major，which will set the course for the rest of your career life.Here are some steps that might help make your decision easier： Step 1：Consider your interests and passions. Do you want a career where you’ll be able to express yourself，or work with numbers? 1 The average person will spend nearly 100,000 hours working in their profession before retirement.Make sure that time will be spent doing something you enjoy! Step 2：Consider how long you want to be in school. If you’re pursuing a career in professional fields like medicine or law，you may require more than a four-year degree to get the job that you want. 2 Will you want to jump right into a job after you graduate，or do you really want to dive into higher education? These are important when deciding what major is the best fit for you. Step 3：Research prospective careers. If you think you have a career in mind，do some investigating in person or online.Try connecting with people in the field and ask them what challenges they faced in getting their degrees and finding jobs afterwards. 3 Their journeys to success might surprise you! Step 4： 4 Remember，you don’t have to make this decision right away.Taking basic-level courses when you first get to college helps decide your level of interest in pursuing a degree program.Plus，you could always decide to be an interdisciplinary(跨学科的) studies major! 5 Thus，you can discover where your interests lie，and have classes related to the career that you want. A．Give yourself enough time to decide. B．Think about what you like to do in high school. C．What if your major conflicts with your parents’ expectations? D．If you can’t connect in person，try to find role models online and read about their histories. E．This degree program gives you the freedom and flexibility to take a wide variety of classes. F．Are you passionate about justice，or do you want to have a career focused on helping people? G．On the other hand，there are some careers where a master’s degree won’t necessarily be helpful. 1．答案　F 解析　段首标题“Consider your interests and passions”提出选专业要考虑兴趣和热情。上文“Do you want a career where you’ll be able to express yourself，or work with numbers？”问的是interests，F选项“你是对正义充满热情，还是想从事帮助他人的职业？”问的是passions，照应主题，故选F。 2．答案　G 解析　空前一句提出医学或法律专业领域的工作可能需要超过四年的学位，G选项“另一方面，在有些职业中，硕士学位不一定有用”提出另一些工作不需要那么长的学习时间，与上文构成对比。与下文的思考“毕业后你是想马上找工作，还是真的想接受高等教育？”语意连贯，故选G。 3．答案　D 解析　根据段首标题，结合该空上文可知，如果你认为自己有心仪的职业，可以亲自或在网上做一些调查，并试着和该领域的人取得联系，问问他们在获得学位和之后找工作时遇到了什么挑战。D项“如果你们不能亲自交流，试着在网上找到榜样，阅读他们的经历”承接上文，且D项中的“role models”“their histories”和下文的“Their journeys”衔接紧密，故选D。 4．答案　A 解析　设空处为本段主旨。根据下文“Remember，you don’t...studies major！”可知，本段和做决定有关，A选项“给自己足够的时间做决定”概括本段主旨，故选A。 5．答案　E 解析　上文提出选择跨学科研究专业，E选项“这个学位课程为你提供了自由和灵活性，可以选择各种各样的课程”承接上文，同时选项中“the freedom and flexibility to take a wide variety of classes”与下文“you can discover where your interests lie”相照应，故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$