重点话题33人与自然 宇宙探索 语法填空 【-同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题33人与自然-宇宙探索 语法填空 （原卷版） 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 关于人与自然、宇宙探索主题的语法填空，在高二英语考试中是一个重要的考点。以下是对这类语法填空相关的词汇、考法和考点的归纳： 一、相关词汇 1. 宇宙相关词汇： • universe：宇宙 • spaceship：宇宙飞船 • moon：月亮 • solar system：太阳系 • planet：行星 • star：恒星 • galaxy：星系 • black hole：黑洞 2. 探索与观测词汇： • explore：探索 • observe：观测 • mission：任务 • landing：着陆 • probe：探测器 • telescope：望远镜 • astronomy：天文学 3. 形容词与副词： • cosmic：宇宙的 • extra-terrestrial：外太空的 • distant：遥远的 • mysterious：神秘的 • possibly：可能地 • exactly：精确地 4. 动词： • discover：发现 • launch：发射 • orbit：绕轨道运行 • exist：存在 • travel：旅行 二、考法考点 1. 冠词和介词的使用： • 考查冠词a, an, the在特定名词前的正确使用。 • 考查介词in, on, at, by, with等在描述宇宙位置、动作或状态时的准确运用。 2. 时态和语态： • 考查动词在不同时态（如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、将来时）下的正确形式。 • 考查主动语态和被动语态在描述宇宙事件时的运用。 3. 非谓语动词： • 考查不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done）作为非谓语动词在句子中的正确运用。 4. 从句引导词： • 考查定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的引导词（如that, which, who, when, where, why, how等）的正确选择。 5. 词形转换： • 考查名词、动词、形容词和副词之间的词形转换，以及派生词（如-tion, -ment, -ness, -able, -ive等后缀构成的词）的正确运用。 解题技巧 1. 理解语境：首先通读全文或句子，理解整体语境和意思。 2. 分析句子结构：识别句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，以及从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。 3. 确定词性：根据句子结构和语境，确定空格处所需的词性。 4. 选择词汇：从积累的词汇中选出符合语境和词性的词汇进行填空。 5. 检查语法和语义：最后检查所填词汇的语法是否正确，以及语义是否通顺。 通过以上词汇积累和考点分析，结合相应的解题技巧，相信你能在人与自然、宇宙探索主题的语法填空中取得好成绩。 语法填空 （24-25高二上·辽宁葫芦岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the rapid advancement of technology, China’s aerospace industry has achieved remarkable accomplishments, 1 attracts worldwide attention. Recently, the launch of the Shenzhou 19 manned spacecraft 2 (show) China’s exceptional capabilities in the field of aerospace. This is not just a journey into space, 3 an important milestone in the country’s exploration of the universe. The Shenzhou 19 team is the 4 (eight) batch (一批) of inhabitant of Tiangong, and has achieved the get-together in space with the Shenzhou 18 crew. Each get-together in space is 5 (undoubted) a symbol of unity and cooperation among astronauts in the vast universe. Chin’s aerospace development is not merely a technological project, but it symbolizes the national spirit. Behind every astronaut 6 (be) countless dedicated researchers who contribute their efforts 7 the career selflessly. These scientists work day and night in laboratories, 8 (push) the boundaries of aerospace technology. Each launch of the Shenzhou series proves China’s significant 9 (achieve) in independent innovation in aerospace technology. From the design of rockets to the execution of missions, all of this reflects the overall 10 (strong) of the nation. （22-23高一下·四川眉山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Shenzhou XIV manned spaceship, carrying the astronauts, Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, 11 (start) their journey home on December 4, 2022, according to the China Manned Space Agency. Liu Yang, the only female astronaut of the three, took an interest 12 space at a very young age. From that time on, her lifelong passion for space and 13 (curious) about it began! Liu’s goal is to help others understand the potential for human life in outer space. She also wants to be one of the first humans 14 (walk) on the planet Mars. She even imagines 15 (live) on Mars! While doing so, Liu wants to inspire lots of other kids to learn more about space and science. She studied astrobiology (天体生物学) in China’s Shenzhou XIV manned spaceship. It is 16 only program in the spaceship on the potential for life on other planets. Whether you want to study the effects of space travel on humans, discover past or present life on Mars, or help develop 17 (way) to sustain (维持) life on the moon, you will study astrobiology. Liu is a (n) 18 (impress) example of a young person 19 focuses on her passion and becomes the best version of 20 (her). Her example also inspires other kids to do the same. （2023·四川眉山·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China plans to carry out over 60 launch missions this year, according to the country’s major space contractors. The manned space station project will enter the stage of 21 (apply) and development, and China’s space station will realize normalized operation in 2023, said Zhang Zhongyang, General Manager of the CASC, 22 presented the report at the company’s annual research and production work conference in Beijing. The 23 (plan) spaceflights include manned and robotic missions to the 24 (new) built China Space Station (CSS) and the maiden flight of the Long March-6C carrier rocket, according to the report. The country will also launch the Long March-6D carrier rocket in 2023 25 complete the performance of commercial aerospace and satellite export 26 (contract), Zhang added. China will fully promote the 27 (four) phase (阶段) of its lunar exploration program and the planetary detection project in 2023, 28 (carry) out research of the Chang’e-7 and Tianwen-2 probes, Zhang said. Most of the launches will be made by the company’s Long March carrier rocket family, and the rest 29 (conduct) by the Smart Dragon series, said Zhang, adding that the company will continue 30 the research and development of the Tianwen-2 asteroid probe and the Chang’e-7 lunar probe. （2024·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first nation 31 (gather) rock and soil samples from the less-explored far side of the Moon and bring them back to Earth. The mission set off from Hainan province in south China on May 3 and 32 (touch) down on the side of the Moon not seen from Earth on June 2, 2024. Scientists from the China National Space Administration have found that the returned objects include volcanic rock 33 (date) back 2.5 million years. This finding and other materials could help explain 34 difference between the Moon’s two sides and how planets are formed. The Moon’s near side, as seen from Earth, is 35 (relative) flat. Meanwhile, the far side, facing outer space, is known for 36 (it) impact craters (陨石坑) and rugged terrain (崎岖地形). During the 53-day journey, the mission’s lander spent two days drilling into one of the 37 (large) craters on the Moon, the 1,600-mile-wide South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, using a robotic arm and drill to gather rocks and soil. Scientists 38 (drive) by the less-explored far side of the Moon because it holds significant potential 39 finding signs of ice. This ice could be a valuable resource 40 could be harvested for water, oxygen, and hydrogen. （2024·四川绵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first-ever samples retrieved from the moon’s far side, 41 iconic feat achieved by China’s Chang’e 6 robotic mission, went 42 display at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC). The IAC, 43 (hold) annually since 1950, is the largest global event in the aerospace sector. This year’s congress, themed “Responsible Space for Sustainability” focuses on promoting the sustainable development of space technologies globally, 44 (ensure) that future space exploration and utilization strike a balance between scientific advancement and environmental protection. This is the first time that the 45 (scientific) valuable lunar substances have been shown outside China since they 46 (bring) back to Earth in June. “The samples, the first materials recovered from the lunar far side, have unique scientific value and will 47 (far) expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history 48 help to gear up the 49 (explore) and exploitation of lunar resources.” the administration said, noting they are “shared treasure” of humanity. The samples attracted many participants to the international conference, including 50 (head) of national space agencies and industry representatives. （24-25高三上·全国·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Moon Mission Spacesuits China has taken a step forward in its 51 (ambition) plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030 — showing the specially designed spacesuit. The new red-and-white suit revealed by the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) is made 52 (resist) the moon’s extreme temperatures, radiation and dust, and allow astronauts physical 53 (flexible) to perform tasks on the lunar surface. The moon-landing suit 54 (equip) with a built-in long and short-range camera, an operation console (操作台) 55 a glare-proof helmet visor. Well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrated how astronauts could bend and climb a ladder wearing the suit. China’s new spacesuit is showed across state media 56 a major step forward in the country’s crewed mission timeline, with experts noting the need for 57 (specific) designed suit for lunar conditions 58 (compare) with those used in spacewalks at China’s Tiangong orbital space station. Apart from the practical 59 (feature), aesthetics (美学) is also important. State media describes the red stripes (条纹) on its upper parts as inspired by ribbons from the “flying apsaras”, or goddesses, 60 appear in ancient art in western China’s Dunhuang city, while those on its lower parts resembling “rocket launch flames”. （24-25高二上·河南平顶山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is the first time that Chinese scientists 61 (discover) water in materials collected during a Chinese moon mission. The water is in 62 (extreme) small glass beads (小珠子) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (流星) have hit the moon. The dirt 63 (collect) in 2020. The beads differ in size 64 the width of one hair to several hairs. Since billions if not trillions of these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, the research team said. The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly 65 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon mission. The study’s findings raise the 66 (possible) that water could be removed by 67 (heat) the beads in future robotic missions. Still, more studies would be needed to show whether such water removals are possible 68 if the water would be safe to drink. Earlier studies found water in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used material collected on the moon by American astronauts more than fifty years ago. The American space agency NASA plans 69 (put) astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. The astronauts will aim for the south pole 70 craters (坑) are believed to be filled with frozen water. （24-25高二上·河南周口·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 People have always had a dream of exploring outer space and with the help of scientists, their dream, 71 was once considered to be impossible, is turning into reality. Scientists earned out many experiments and 72 (success) made rockets that could escape the earths gravity. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin from the USSR became the first person 73 (send) into space and in 1969 Neil Armstrong from the US set foot on the moon, saying “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Despite the great 74 (achieve), sometimes accidents did happen, resulting in huge losses. 75 , scientists are determined to further explore the universe. One ongoing project is the International Space Station orbiting the earth. 76 (compare) with the USSR and the US, China started later in its space program, but it has made huge progress. So far, several astronauts, including Yang Liwei, 77 (be) to space. China has also launched the Tiangong 2 space lab, 78 (mark) a huge step in its effort to establish 79 space station. It is believed that the future of space exploration is bright thanks 80 the efforts of the scientists all over the world. （24-25高一上·浙江·阶段练习）阅读下面课外短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s newest type of carrier rocket, the Long March 12, 81 (make) its maiden flight on Saturday night, 82 also marked the debut mission of the Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Center. Four liquid oxygen-kerosene engines on the rocket’s first stage roared with dazzling flame at 10:25 pm. After flying a short while, two satellites separated from the rocket 83 entered their preset orbit, marking the success of 84 launch mission. The Long March 12 is the first Chinese rocket with a diameter of 3.8 meters. By 85 (compare), most Chinese rockets have a diameter of 3.35 meters, a standard 86 (wide) that was set in the 1960s considering constraining factors in rail transport. Standing 62.6 meters tall, equivalent to the height of 22 87 (story) of a standard residential building, the two-stage model is the second 88 (high) in all Chinese rockets, only exceeded by the 62.8-meter Long March 5. The new model will 89 (effective) improve China’s capability 90 (send) spacecraft to a sun-synchronous orbit and deploy satellite networks in low orbits, the Shanghai academy noted, adding that its research and development started in May 2020 and finished in June this year. （24-25高三上·河南·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China’s national Beidou high-precision navigation (导航) and positioning service platform has entered trial operation, 91 (represent) new progress in the country’s independent satellite navigation capabilities, the National Geomatics Center of China made an 92 (announce) in Chongqing on Thursday. 93 the leadership of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the platform integrates satellite navigation and positioning base stations nationwide within the natural resources system, 94 (remarkable) fueling the growth of the digital economy. This initiative combines more than 3,300 base stations into a united network offering centralized management of station resources. The network provides 95 (rely), non-stop and high-precision positioning services throughout the country. It delivers accurate and real-time navigation for fields, 96 include public welfare mapping, resource surveying and intelligent transportation. The service is available both online and offline. Online, it offers real-time observation data to strengthen positioning services. Offline, the platform delivers coordinate results, post-event observation data files 97 related products. The BeiDou System (BDS) was initiated in 1994. The construction of BDS-1 98 (complete) in 2000 and BDS-2 in 2012. With BDS-3 99 (build) and put into service on July 31, 2020, China became the third country to have 100 independent global navigation satellite system. （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On June 25th, 2024, the returner of the Chang’e-6 probe 101 (return) to earth, successfully bringing back the world’s first samples collected from the far side of the moon, 102 marked a major step forward for Chinese Lunar Exploration Program. Chang’e-6— 103 sixth of the missions in the Chang’e series— is widely seen as an important step forward for China’s aim to put astronauts on the moon in the coming years. Up to now, it 104 (achieve) three technological breakthroughs. Also, it has accomplished the world’s first automatic sampling and return from the far side, a new engineering wonder. It collected 1,935.3 grams of samples from the moon’s far side, which will be analyzed by researchers in China prior to 105 (open) for access by international scientists. And the samples were collected using a drill and a 106 (robot) arm from a location within the South Pole-Aitken basin, an impact crater (撞击坑) 107 (emerge) some 4 billion years ago on the moon’s far side. In the near future, China’s deep space exploration will focus mainly on lunar exploration. Following the successful 108 (complete) of the Chang’e-6 mission, China is scheduled 109 (launch) its Chang’ e-7 mission in 2026 and Chang’ e-8 in 2028 110 expectation of building a community with a shared future for mankind in outer space. （24-25高三上·山西晋城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. CGTN, Updated20: 58, 01- May -2024, Wednesday China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe(探测器) is ready to be launched in two days after it completed a final systematic joint rehearsal (预演) on Wednesday. Different departments, 111 included the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province, the Beijing Aerospace Control Center, the Xi’an Satellite Control Center, and the Yuanwang space-tracking ship, 112 (participate) in the rehearsal. The flight is scheduled for launch on May 3, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA) on Wednesday. The rehearsal was conducted 113 (ensure) smooth cooperation between the different organizations during the launch of the probe. A Long March 5 carrier rocket, with the 8.2- metric-tonne Chang’e 6probe on top, 114 (move) on Saturday morning to its launch tower at the Wenchang Space Launch Center. Before Wednesday’s rehearsal, the launch site had already organized and completed a series of tests, including 115 (fuel) the rocket. The launch site also organized 116 pre-launch meteorological (气象学的) consultation for the mission as Wenchang is transitioning iron a dry to a rainy season. The meteorological system also has initiated stimulation exercises 117 advance and has strengthened the monitoring of data 118 (associate) with thunderstorms and heavy rain in the launch site area and its surroundings lately. 119 (additional), they are closely monitoring small changes in the shallow wind field around important buildings in 120 (prepare) for the coming launch on May 3. （24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）语法填空 Looking up at the stars, people have always dreamed of exploring the universe, but before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was 121 impossible dream. However, with the efforts of some scientists, rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity 122 (make). In 1961, the USSR sent the first person into space. Then, American astronaut Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon, which was considered a giant leap for mankind. Scientists tried to ensure the 123 (safe) of the astronauts, but disasters still happened, which made everyone sad and 124 (disappoint). However, human’s desire to explore the universe never died. This is 125 people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. China 126 (make) great progress in the space programme in recent years. In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft. More 127 (recent), China has sent Chang’e 4 128 (explore) the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. It is clear 129 the future of space exploration remains bright. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable 130 (we) to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. （24-25高二上·河北张家口·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is getting set for future deep space missions, having retrieved (取回) nearly two kilograms of lunar samples from the moon’s far side. The Chang’e-6 reentry capsule landed back on Earth on June 25, 131 (successful) ending a 53-day mission. The capsule was recovered as planned in grasslands of Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia. The capsule was sent to Beijing and opened on June 26 to retrieve the sample canister (金属罐), 132 contains 1,935.3 grams of samples, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). The mission was intended 133 (collect) up to 2,000 grams. The 2020 Chang’e-5 near side mission collected 1,731 grams. That mission 134 (encounter) a drilling issue that impacted the amount collected. The samples have been transported to 135 lunar sample lab in Beijing, where the substances will 136 (store) and initially processed, said the CNSA． The samples, the first materials recovered from the moon’s far side, have unique 137 (science) value and will further expand humans’ knowledge of the moon’s history and help to prepare for the exploration and exploitation (开发) of lunar resources, the administration said, 138 (note) that they are a “shared treasure” of humanity. It is expected that domestic research 139 (center) will be able to make application s for samples after six months. Samples will be accessible 140 international scientists two years later, according to CNSA regulations on lunar sample management. （22-23高二下·四川内江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After orbiting Earth for six months, the three members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission returned to Earth safely 141 April 16th, 2022, concluding the nation’s longest manned spaceflight. During their stay in the space station, the crew preformed two spacewalks and conducted a series of 142 (science) experiments using a large robotic arm and other equipment to install and adjust devices. Meanwhile, it was the first time that a female Chinese astronaut 143 (perform) a space walk. Besides, the astronauts, with the 144 (assist) of the staff on the ground, delivered a  lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to 145 (million) of students. They showed viewers 146 they lived and worked inside the space station. The uniform called a “penguin jumpsuit”, 147 (special) designed to help the astronauts maintain 148 (they) muscle strength, was introduced. The astronauts also demonstrated (演示) some experiments 149 was related to physical phenomena(现象) in the weightless environment. The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons were intended to popularize space science and spark enthusiasm in science among youngsters, 150 (mark) the start of the Tiangong Class series. With its space station construction advancing, China will share its breakthroughs and strengthen cooperation with other countries to push space exploration further forward. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）语法填空 Shenzhou XVII astronauts meet press after return from space 神舟十七号航天员乘组太空归来后正式亮相 The three astronauts from China’s Shenzhou XVII crewed mission met press on July 5, their first public appearance since they returned from space two months ago. All three crew members — Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin — are 151 good physical and mental health. Their muscle strength, endurance and exercise cardiopulmonary function have 152 (basic) returned to pre-flight levels. China launched the Shenzhou XVII manned spaceship on Oct 26, 2023. The trio 153 (return) to Earth on April 30 this year after spending a record-breaking 187 days in orbit, surpassing the duration of previous crews. During the mission, the three astronauts carried out 84 space application experiments and tests in orbit, 154 produced more than 200 samples covering multiple fields. The mission marked crew commander Tang Hongbo’s second journey to the space station, 155 (make) him the Chinese astronaut with the 156 (long) spaceflight time. Tang Shengjie, the youngest astronaut 157 (enter) China’s space station, celebrated his 34th birthday during his first spaceflight. He said he 158 (undergo) follow-up training and strive for an early return to space. The trio conducted two spacewalks and completed China’s first extravehicular maintenance task. Jiang Xinlin recounted the extravehicular activities to the press, noting that the process went smoothly due to 159 (comprehension) training beforehand. According to the center, once 160 (assess) well, they will resume regular training. （23-24高一下·山西吕梁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China 161 (make) another historic step in its deep space exploration till now. The Long March-5 Y8 carrier rocket blasted off (发射) from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in South China’s tropical island of Hainan on Friday, 162 (aim) to bring back lunar samples from the far side of the Moon. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) confirmed the success of the launch after two pairs of solar panels of the spacecraft opened 163 (smooth). The round trip of Chang’e-6 will last about 53 days, twice the 164 (long) of the mission of Chang’e-5, 165 returned samples from the near side of the moon in some 23 days, media reported. 166 amount of Moon samples to be returned this time is also expected to be 167 (large)than the Chang’e-5 mission. It is expected to bring back around 2,000 grams of lunar dust and rocks, increasing 168 some 270 grams from the previous mission. The Chang’e-6 mission aims to pioneer new 169 (area) in lunar orbit design, intelligent sampling on the moon’s far side, and ascent from the lunar surface, while conducting an automated sample return from the moon’s far side, along with scientific exploration of the landing area 170 international cooperation. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Samples from moon’s far side transferred to reentry capsule The samples collected 171 China’s Chang’e 6 lunar mission from the far side of the moon have been delivered to the reentry capsule that will later take them to Earth, according to the China National Space Administration. After flying in a lunar orbit for about 56 hours, the sample-loaded ascender (上升器) of the Chang’e 6 probe 172 (dock) with the orbiter-reentry capsule combination at 2:48 pm, and transferred a sealed 173 (contain) holding the precious lunar samples. The ascender will next depart from the orbiter-reentry capsule combination, and the combination will continue orbiting the moon before ground control gives it the order 174 (leave) lunar orbit and return to Earth. As one of the world’s most 175 (note) space missions this year, the Chang’e is an endeavor 176 (aim) at retrieving (找回) samples from the far side of the moon for scientific studies. So far, all of the lunar substances on Earth 177 (collect) from the near side of the moon by the United States’ six Apollo manned landings, the former Soviet Union’s three Luna robotic missions as well as China’s Chang’e 5 unmanned mission. The landscapes and physical characteristics of the far side of the moon, 178 permanently faces away from the Earth, are very different from 179 of the near side that is visible. So 180 (analyze) far-side samples will help to better understand the history of the moon and the solar system. （23-24高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mankind’s desire to explore the universe never fades away. They attach great importance to carrying on space exploration 181 the huge risks. The impossible dream of travelling to space was finally realized by some great scientists with 182 (determine). In 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and 183 (success) orbited around Earth. In 1961, the first Russian stepped into space. Over eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 184 (claim) “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind”. Since then, many more goals 185 (achieve). The International Space Station 186 the scientists can live and do research in space is a good example to show man’s joint efforts and ongoing work. Though China’s space programme started later than 187 of Russia and the US, it has made great progress in a short time. China was the third country 188 (send) humans into space independently. The Shenzhou series have been launched, performing many important tasks. The completion of the Tiangong Space Station was also 189 landmark in China’s space development. In spite of the difficulties, the future is bright. More countries will make 190 (far) studies about other planets and more valuable discoveries. （23-24高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As humanity sets their sights on deep space exploration, the moon becomes a stepping stone, with countries hoping to build lunar bases to support such missions. 191 (solve) the “lunch” problem, scientists have been exploring the possibility of growing plants on the moon. Recently, a new study by Chinese scientists 192 (find) that bacteria in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University tested five species of bacteria on a material 193 simulated (模拟) lunar soil. Within a period of 10 to 21 days, three of the bacteria species had doubled their amount of phosphorus (磷) content, 194 key element for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil simulant containing these three bacteria species. They observed that the plants had 195 (long) stems and roots after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider clusters (簇) of leaves after 24 days of growth. “The study 196 (result) have important implications for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai, told Xinhua. Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their follow-up research, they hope to experiment with real lunar soil samples and grow crops 197 rice, corn and potatoes. Since the duration of space missions is increasing, 198 (carry) all food supplies to space becomes unsustainable. Hence, “space planting” becomes critical. During the Shenzhou XI mission, astronauts managed to grow lettuce, 199 sowing to harvest. In the later missions, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat and rice, etc. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food 200 more oxygen and water as well, according to CCTV News. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题33人与自然-宇宙探索 语法填空 （解析版） 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 关于人与自然、宇宙探索主题的语法填空，在高二英语考试中是一个重要的考点。以下是对这类语法填空相关的词汇、考法和考点的归纳： 一、相关词汇 1. 宇宙相关词汇： • universe：宇宙 • spaceship：宇宙飞船 • moon：月亮 • solar system：太阳系 • planet：行星 • star：恒星 • galaxy：星系 • black hole：黑洞 2. 探索与观测词汇： • explore：探索 • observe：观测 • mission：任务 • landing：着陆 • probe：探测器 • telescope：望远镜 • astronomy：天文学 3. 形容词与副词： • cosmic：宇宙的 • extra-terrestrial：外太空的 • distant：遥远的 • mysterious：神秘的 • possibly：可能地 • exactly：精确地 4. 动词： • discover：发现 • launch：发射 • orbit：绕轨道运行 • exist：存在 • travel：旅行 二、考法考点 1. 冠词和介词的使用： • 考查冠词a, an, the在特定名词前的正确使用。 • 考查介词in, on, at, by, with等在描述宇宙位置、动作或状态时的准确运用。 2. 时态和语态： • 考查动词在不同时态（如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、将来时）下的正确形式。 • 考查主动语态和被动语态在描述宇宙事件时的运用。 3. 非谓语动词： • 考查不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done）作为非谓语动词在句子中的正确运用。 4. 从句引导词： • 考查定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的引导词（如that, which, who, when, where, why, how等）的正确选择。 5. 词形转换： • 考查名词、动词、形容词和副词之间的词形转换，以及派生词（如-tion, -ment, -ness, -able, -ive等后缀构成的词）的正确运用。 解题技巧 1. 理解语境：首先通读全文或句子，理解整体语境和意思。 2. 分析句子结构：识别句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，以及从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。 3. 确定词性：根据句子结构和语境，确定空格处所需的词性。 4. 选择词汇：从积累的词汇中选出符合语境和词性的词汇进行填空。 5. 检查语法和语义：最后检查所填词汇的语法是否正确，以及语义是否通顺。 通过以上词汇积累和考点分析，结合相应的解题技巧，相信你能在人与自然、宇宙探索主题的语法填空中取得好成绩。 语法填空 （24-25高二上·辽宁葫芦岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the rapid advancement of technology, China’s aerospace industry has achieved remarkable accomplishments, 1 attracts worldwide attention. Recently, the launch of the Shenzhou 19 manned spacecraft 2 (show) China’s exceptional capabilities in the field of aerospace. This is not just a journey into space, 3 an important milestone in the country’s exploration of the universe. The Shenzhou 19 team is the 4 (eight) batch (一批) of inhabitant of Tiangong, and has achieved the get-together in space with the Shenzhou 18 crew. Each get-together in space is 5 (undoubted) a symbol of unity and cooperation among astronauts in the vast universe. Chin’s aerospace development is not merely a technological project, but it symbolizes the national spirit. Behind every astronaut 6 (be) countless dedicated researchers who contribute their efforts 7 the career selflessly. These scientists work day and night in laboratories, 8 (push) the boundaries of aerospace technology. Each launch of the Shenzhou series proves China’s significant 9 (achieve) in independent innovation in aerospace technology. From the design of rockets to the execution of missions, all of this reflects the overall 10 (strong) of the nation. 【答案】 1．which 2．has shown/showed 3．but 4．eighth 5．undoubtedly 6．are 7．to 8．pushing 9．achievements 10．strength 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国航天事业的显著成就及其背后的科研努力。 1．考查定语从句。句意：随着科技的飞速发展，中国的航天事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为accomplishments，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查时态。句意：最近，神舟十九号载人飞船的发射展示了中国在航天领域的卓越能力。根据时间状语Recently可知，本句时态应用现在完成时，主语为the launch，助动词用has。也可以理解为本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填has shown或showed。 3．考查固定搭配。句意：这不仅仅是一次太空之旅，更是中国探索宇宙的一个重要里程碑。not just ...but...“不仅……而且……” 构成固定搭配，本空用but，符合题意。故填but。 4．考查序数词。句意：神舟十九号乘组是入驻天宫的第八批人员，并与神舟十八号乘组实现了太空会师。此处表示“第八”，应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。 5．考查副词。句意：每一次太空会师都无疑是宇航员在浩瀚宇宙中团结合作的象征。设空处修饰句子，应用副词undoubtedly“无疑地”作状语。故填undoubtedly。 6．考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在每一位宇航员背后，都有无数无私奉献的研究人员为航天事业贡献自己的力量。本句为状语置于句首的完全倒装，设空处为句子谓语，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语researchers为复数，be动词用are。故填are。 7．考查介词。句意：在每一位宇航员背后，都有无数无私奉献的研究人员为航天事业贡献自己的力量。固定搭配contribute one’s efforts to... 意为“为……贡献力量”，本空用介词to，符合题意。故填to。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些科学家在实验室里夜以继日地工作，推动航天技术的边界。本句谓语为work，此处为非谓语动词，且These scientists与push“推动”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填pushing。 9．考查名词的数。句意：神舟系列飞船的每一次发射都证明了中国在航天技术自主创新方面取得了重大成就。本空作proves的宾语，用achievement“成就”，不止一个成就，用复数形式。故填achievements。 10．考查名词。句意：从火箭的设计到任务的执行，这一切都反映了国家的整体实力。设空处作reflects的宾语，应用名词strength，表示“实力”。故填strength。 （22-23高一下·四川眉山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Shenzhou XIV manned spaceship, carrying the astronauts, Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, 11 (start) their journey home on December 4, 2022, according to the China Manned Space Agency. Liu Yang, the only female astronaut of the three, took an interest 12 space at a very young age. From that time on, her lifelong passion for space and 13 (curious) about it began! Liu’s goal is to help others understand the potential for human life in outer space. She also wants to be one of the first humans 14 (walk) on the planet Mars. She even imagines 15 (live) on Mars! While doing so, Liu wants to inspire lots of other kids to learn more about space and science. She studied astrobiology (天体生物学) in China’s Shenzhou XIV manned spaceship. It is 16 only program in the spaceship on the potential for life on other planets. Whether you want to study the effects of space travel on humans, discover past or present life on Mars, or help develop 17 (way) to sustain (维持) life on the moon, you will study astrobiology. Liu is a (n) 18 (impress) example of a young person 19 focuses on her passion and becomes the best version of 20 (her). Her example also inspires other kids to do the same. 【答案】 11．started 12．in 13．curiosity 14．to walk 15．living 16．the 17．ways 18．impressive 19．who/that 20．herself 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员刘洋的个人经历和成就。 11．考查时态。句意：据中国载人航天局消息，搭载航天员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲的神舟十四号载人飞船，已于2022年12月4日开始返航。根据后文on December 4, 2022可知为一般过去时。故填started。 12．考查介词。句意：刘洋是三位宇航员中唯一的女宇航员，她在很小的时候就对太空产生了兴趣。短语take an interest in表示“感兴趣”。故填in。 13．考查名词。句意：从那时起，她对太空的毕生热情和好奇心开始了！作介词的宾语，应用名词curiosity，不可数。故填curiosity。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：她还想成为第一批在火星上行走的人类之一。名词humans由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to walk。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至想象生活在火星上！短语imagine doing sth.表示“想象做某事”。故填living。 16．考查冠词。句意：这是宇宙飞船中唯一一个关于其他星球上可能存在生命的项目。短语the only表示“唯一的”。故填the。 17．考查名词的数。句意：无论你是想研究太空旅行对人类的影响，发现火星上过去或现在的生命，还是帮助开发维持月球上生命的方法，你都将学习天体生物学。way为可数名词，此处数量大于一应该复数形式。故填ways。 18．考查形容词。句意：刘是一个让人印象深刻的例子，她专注于自己的激情，成为最好的自己。修饰名词example应用形容词impressive，故填impressive。 19．考查定语从句。句意：刘是一个让人印象深刻的例子，她专注于自己的激情，成为最好的自己。定语从句修饰先行词person，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 20．考查代词。句意：刘是一个让人印象深刻的例子，她专注于自己的激情，成为最好的自己。此处指“她自己”应用反身代词herself。故填herself。 （2023·四川眉山·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China plans to carry out over 60 launch missions this year, according to the country’s major space contractors. The manned space station project will enter the stage of 21 (apply) and development, and China’s space station will realize normalized operation in 2023, said Zhang Zhongyang, General Manager of the CASC, 22 presented the report at the company’s annual research and production work conference in Beijing. The 23 (plan) spaceflights include manned and robotic missions to the 24 (new) built China Space Station (CSS) and the maiden flight of the Long March-6C carrier rocket, according to the report. The country will also launch the Long March-6D carrier rocket in 2023 25 complete the performance of commercial aerospace and satellite export 26 (contract), Zhang added. China will fully promote the 27 (four) phase (阶段) of its lunar exploration program and the planetary detection project in 2023, 28 (carry) out research of the Chang’e-7 and Tianwen-2 probes, Zhang said. Most of the launches will be made by the company’s Long March carrier rocket family, and the rest 29 (conduct) by the Smart Dragon series, said Zhang, adding that the company will continue 30 the research and development of the Tianwen-2 asteroid probe and the Chang’e-7 lunar probe. 【答案】 21．application 22．who 23．planned 24．newly 25．and 26．contracts 27．fourth 28．carrying 29．will be conducted 30．with 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了据中国主要航天承包商称，中国计划今年执行 60 多次发射任务。 21．考查名词。句意：中国航天集团公司总经理张忠阳在北京举行的公司年度科研生产工作会议上作报告时表示，载人空间站项目将进入应用开发阶段，中国空间站将于2023年实现常态化运行。此处应用名词application作宾语，表示“应用”，不可数，故填application。 22．考查定语从句。句意：中国航天集团公司总经理张忠阳在北京举行的公司年度科研生产工作会议上作报告时表示，载人空间站项目将进入应用开发阶段，中国空间站将于2023年实现常态化运行。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Zhang Zhongyang，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填who。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：报道称，计划中的航天飞行包括前往新建的中国空间站（CSS）的载人和机器人飞行任务以及长征六号丙运载火箭的首次飞行。此处是非谓语动词作定语，和名词spaceflights之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填planned。 24．考查副词。句意：报道称，计划中的航天飞行包括前往新建的中国空间站（CSS）的载人和机器人飞行任务以及长征六号丙运载火箭的首次飞行。此处应用副词作状语，叙述动词build。故填newly。 25．考查连词。句意：张补充道，中国还将在2023年发射长征六号丁运载火箭，并完成商业航天和卫星出口合同的履行。此处应用连词and连接谓语动词launch和complete，故填and。 26．考查名词的数。句意：张补充道，中国还将在2023年发射长征六号丁运载火箭，并完成商业航天和卫星出口合同的履行。此处应用名词contract作宾语，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填contracts。 27．考查序数词。句意：张说，中国将在2023年全面推进探月工程第四阶段和行星探测工程，开展嫦娥七号和天问二号探测器研究。此处表示“第四”，应用序数词，故填fourth。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：张说，中国将在2023年全面推进探月工程第四阶段和行星探测工程，开展嫦娥七号和天问二号探测器研究。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语China和动词carry是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填carrying。 29．考查时态和语态。句意：张说，大部分发射将由公司的长征系列运载火箭进行，其余的将由聪明龙系列进行。他补充说，公司将继续天文二号小行星探测器的研发和嫦娥七号月球探测器。此处是作谓语，句子描述将来要发生的事，且主语the rest和动词conduct是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be conducted。 30．考查借此。句意：张说，大部分发射将由公司的长征系列运载火箭进行，其余的将由聪明龙系列进行。他补充说，公司将继续天文二号小行星探测器的研发和嫦娥七号月球探测器。continue with sth.固定搭配，意为“继续进行某事”，故填with。 （2024·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first nation 31 (gather) rock and soil samples from the less-explored far side of the Moon and bring them back to Earth. The mission set off from Hainan province in south China on May 3 and 32 (touch) down on the side of the Moon not seen from Earth on June 2, 2024. Scientists from the China National Space Administration have found that the returned objects include volcanic rock 33 (date) back 2.5 million years. This finding and other materials could help explain 34 difference between the Moon’s two sides and how planets are formed. The Moon’s near side, as seen from Earth, is 35 (relative) flat. Meanwhile, the far side, facing outer space, is known for 36 (it) impact craters (陨石坑) and rugged terrain (崎岖地形). During the 53-day journey, the mission’s lander spent two days drilling into one of the 37 (large) craters on the Moon, the 1,600-mile-wide South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, using a robotic arm and drill to gather rocks and soil. Scientists 38 (drive) by the less-explored far side of the Moon because it holds significant potential 39 finding signs of ice. This ice could be a valuable resource 40 could be harvested for water, oxygen, and hydrogen. 【答案】 31．to gather 32．touched 33．dating 34．the 35．relatively 36．its 37．largest 38．are driven 39．for 40．that/which 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国首次月球背面采样任务圆满成功这一历史性成就。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国已成为第一个从较少探索的月球背面收集岩石和土壤样本并将其带回地球的国家。句中has become为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处构成the+序数词+名词+to do的结构，使用不定式结构作后置定语。故填to gather。 32．考查动词的时态。句意：该任务于5月3日从中国南部的海南省出发，并于2024年6月2日在地球上看不到的月球一侧着陆。根据句中时间状语on June 2, 2024可知，句子时态是一般过去时，设空处应用touch的过去式。故填touched。 33．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家航天局的科学家发现，带回的物品包括可追溯到250万年前的火山岩。句中include为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处volcanic rock与date back之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。 34．考查冠词。句意：这一发现和其他材料可能有助于解释月球两侧的差异以及行星是如何形成的。根据句意可知，此处特指“月球两侧的差异”，所以应用定冠词the修饰名词difference，表特指。故填the。 35．考查副词。句意：从地球上看，月球的近侧相对平坦。设空处修饰形容词flat，所以应用副词形式。故填relatively。 36．考查代词。句意：与此同时，远端面向太空，以其陨石坑和崎岖地形而闻名。设空处修饰后面的名词短语impact craters，所以应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 37．考查形容词的最高级。句意：在这次为期53天的旅途中，任务着陆器花费了两天时间钻入月球上最大的陨石坑之一——1600英里宽的南极艾特肯盆地，使用机械臂和钻头收集岩石和土壤。根据句中“one of the…”可知，此处表示“最……之一”，所以设空处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 38．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：科学家们被月球远端尚未探索的部分所吸引，因为它在寻找冰的迹象方面具有巨大潜力。设空处缺少谓语，且主语scientists和动词drive之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此句陈述事实应用一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are driven。 39．考查介词。句意：同上。固定短语：potential for…表示“……的潜力”。故填for。 40．考查定语从句。句意：这种冰可能是一种宝贵的资源，可以用来提取水、氧气和氢气。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词resource，且从句缺少主语，所以应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 （2024·四川绵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first-ever samples retrieved from the moon’s far side, 41 iconic feat achieved by China’s Chang’e 6 robotic mission, went 42 display at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC). The IAC, 43 (hold) annually since 1950, is the largest global event in the aerospace sector. This year’s congress, themed “Responsible Space for Sustainability” focuses on promoting the sustainable development of space technologies globally, 44 (ensure) that future space exploration and utilization strike a balance between scientific advancement and environmental protection. This is the first time that the 45 (scientific) valuable lunar substances have been shown outside China since they 46 (bring) back to Earth in June. “The samples, the first materials recovered from the lunar far side, have unique scientific value and will 47 (far) expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history 48 help to gear up the 49 (explore) and exploitation of lunar resources.” the administration said, noting they are “shared treasure” of humanity. The samples attracted many participants to the international conference, including 50 (head) of national space agencies and industry representatives. 【答案】 41．an 42．on 43．held 44．ensuring 45．scientifically 46．were brought 47．further 48．and 49．exploration 50．heads 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的样本在国际宇航大会上展出。 41．考查冠词。句意：中国嫦娥六号机器人任务取得的一个标志性成就——首次从月球背面采集的样本，在第75届国际宇航大会上展出。此处泛指“一个标志性成就”，且iconic以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 42．考查固定短语。句意同上。go on display为固定短语，意为“展出”，本空用介词on，符合题意。故填on。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：自1950年起每年举行的国际宇航大会是航天领域最大的全球性活动。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，且The IAC与hold“举行”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填held。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的大会以“负责任的空间促进可持续发展”为主题，重点关注在全球范围内促进空间技术的可持续发展，确保未来的空间探索和利用在科学进步和环境保护之间取得平衡。本句谓语为focuses on，此处为非谓语动词，且ensure“确保”与其逻辑主语This year’s congress之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填ensuring。 45．考查副词。句意：自6月带回地球以来，这些具有科学价值的月球物质首次在中国以外展出。本空修饰形容词valuable，应用副词scientifically“科学地”，作状语。故填scientifically。 46．考查动词语态。句意同上。本空为since引导的时间状语从句的谓语，且根据in June可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，且they指代lunar substances与bring“带来”为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were brought。 47．考查副词。句意：“这些首次从月球背面采集的样本具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩大人类对月球历史的了解，并有助于加快月球资源的勘探和开发。”管理局表示，这些样本是人类的“共享财富”。本空修饰动词expand，应用副词further“进一步”，作状语。故填further。 48．考查连词。句意同上。expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history和help to gear up the 　8 (explore) and exploitation of lunar resources为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 49．考查名词。句意同上。空处作gear up的宾语，用explore的名词形式exploration“勘探”。故填exploration。 50．考查名词的数。句意：这些样本吸引了包括国家航天局局长和行业代表在内的许多与会者参加国际会议。head“负责人”为可数名词，结合前文many participants可知表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填heads。 （24-25高三上·全国·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Moon Mission Spacesuits China has taken a step forward in its 51 (ambition) plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030 — showing the specially designed spacesuit. The new red-and-white suit revealed by the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) is made 52 (resist) the moon’s extreme temperatures, radiation and dust, and allow astronauts physical 53 (flexible) to perform tasks on the lunar surface. The moon-landing suit 54 (equip) with a built-in long and short-range camera, an operation console (操作台) 55 a glare-proof helmet visor. Well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrated how astronauts could bend and climb a ladder wearing the suit. China’s new spacesuit is showed across state media 56 a major step forward in the country’s crewed mission timeline, with experts noting the need for 57 (specific) designed suit for lunar conditions 58 (compare) with those used in spacewalks at China’s Tiangong orbital space station. Apart from the practical 59 (feature), aesthetics (美学) is also important. State media describes the red stripes (条纹) on its upper parts as inspired by ribbons from the “flying apsaras”, or goddesses, 60 appear in ancient art in western China’s Dunhuang city, while those on its lower parts resembling “rocket launch flames”. 【答案】 51．ambitious 52．to resist 53．flexibility 54．is equipped 55．and 56．as 57．specifically 58．compared 59．features 60．who 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在其2030年前将宇航员送上月球的计划中又向前迈进了一步——展示了特别设计的宇航服。 51．考查形容词。句意：中国在其2030年前将宇航员送上月球的宏伟计划中又向前迈进了一步——展示了特别设计的宇航服。由空后plan为名词可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填ambitious。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国载人航天总局（CMSA）公布的这种新型红白相间的宇航服可以抵抗月球的极端温度、辐射和灰尘，并使宇航员的身体灵活地在月球表面执行任务。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to resist。 53．考查名词。句意：中国载人航天总局（CMSA）公布的这种新型红白相间的宇航服可以抵抗月球的极端温度、辐射和灰尘，并使宇航员的身体灵活地在月球表面执行任务。由空前physical为形容词可知，此处应用名词作宾语。故填flexibility。 54．考查时态和语态。句意：这套登月服配备了一个内置的远程和近距离摄像头、一个操作控制台和一个防眩光头盔遮阳板。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处为一般现在时，主语The moon-landing suit和equip为被动关系，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填is equipped。 55．考查连词。句意：这套登月服配备了一个内置的远程和近距离摄像头、一个操作控制台和一个防眩光头盔遮阳板。由句意可知，helmet visor与前文的camera，console是并列关系，因此用并列连词and。故填and。 56．考查介词。句意：中国的新型宇航服在国家媒体上被展示，这是中国载人飞行任务时间表上迈出的重要一步，专家指出，与中国天宫轨道空间站太空行走中使用的宇航服相比，中国需要为月球条件专门设计的宇航服。根据句意以及空后a major step为名词可知，此处为介词as表示“作为……”，满足句意要求。故填as。 57．考查副词。句意：中国的新型宇航服在国家媒体上被展示，这是中国载人飞行任务时间表上迈出的重要一步，专家指出，与中国天宫轨道空间站太空行走中使用的宇航服相比，中国需要为月球条件专门设计的宇航服。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词specifically作状语修饰形容词designed。故填specifically。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的新型宇航服在国家媒体上被展示，这是中国载人飞行任务时间表上迈出的重要一步，专家指出，与中国天宫轨道空间站太空行走中使用的宇航服相比，中国需要为月球条件专门设计的宇航服。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰specifically designed suit，specifically designed suit和compare为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填compared。 59．考查名词复数。句意：除了实用性之外，美观也很重要。feature意为“特征”为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填features。 60．考查定语从句。句意：官方媒体称其上部的红色条纹的灵感来自中国西部敦煌古代艺术中出现的“飞天”或女神的丝带，而其下部的红色条纹则类似于“火箭发射的火焰”。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词goddesses(指人)在从句中作主语成分。故填who。 （24-25高二上·河南平顶山·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is the first time that Chinese scientists 61 (discover) water in materials collected during a Chinese moon mission. The water is in 62 (extreme) small glass beads (小珠子) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (流星) have hit the moon. The dirt 63 (collect) in 2020. The beads differ in size 64 the width of one hair to several hairs. Since billions if not trillions of these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, the research team said. The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly 65 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon mission. The study’s findings raise the 66 (possible) that water could be removed by 67 (heat) the beads in future robotic missions. Still, more studies would be needed to show whether such water removals are possible 68 if the water would be safe to drink. Earlier studies found water in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used material collected on the moon by American astronauts more than fifty years ago. The American space agency NASA plans 69 (put) astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. The astronauts will aim for the south pole 70 craters (坑) are believed to be filled with frozen water. 【答案】 61．have discovered 62．extremely 63．was collected 64．from 65．chosen 66．possibility 67．heating 68．or 69．to put 70．where 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在月球任务中首次发现水，并探讨了这一发现的意义和潜在的应用。 61．考查动词时态。句意：这是中国科学家在中国月球任务中收集的材料中首次发现水。根据句型“It is the first time that sb. has/have done sth.”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词Chinese scientists，助动词用have。故填have discovered。 62．考查副词。句意：这些水存在于极小的小玻璃珠中，这些小玻璃珠是在许多陨石撞击月球的泥土中发现的。空处修饰形容词small，需用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。 63．考查动词时态和语态。句意：泥土是在2020年收集的。根据时间状语in 2020可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语The dirt和collect为动宾关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was collected。 64．考查介词。句意：这些珠子的大小从一根头发的宽度到几根头发的宽度不等。from...to...为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填from。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些发现是基于在中国嫦娥5号月球任务收集的月球泥土中随机挑选的32颗玻璃珠。句子已有谓语are based on，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，glass beads和choose为逻辑被动关系，需填过去分词形式，chose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。 66．考查名词。句意：这项研究的结果提出了一个可能性，即在未来的机器人任务中，通过加热这些珠子可以去除水分。根据空前冠词“the”和that引导的同位语从句可知，空处需用名词possibility，作宾语。故填possibility。 67．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究的结果提出了一个可能性，即在未来的机器人任务中，通过加热这些珠子可以去除水分。by为介词，后面需用动名词形式作宾语。故填heating。 68．考查连词。句意：然而，还需要更多的研究来证明这种去除水分的方法是否可行，或者这些水是否安全可饮用。空前“whether such water removals are possible”以及空后“if the water would be safe to drink”为选择关系，需用并列连词or。故填or。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国宇航局计划到2025年底前将宇航员重新送上月球表面。plan to do sth.为固定短语，意为“计划做某事”。故填to put。 70．考查定语从句。句意：宇航员的目标是月球南极，据信那里的陨石坑里充满了冷冻水。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the south pole，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 （24-25高二上·河南周口·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 People have always had a dream of exploring outer space and with the help of scientists, their dream, 71 was once considered to be impossible, is turning into reality. Scientists earned out many experiments and 72 (success) made rockets that could escape the earths gravity. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin from the USSR became the first person 73 (send) into space and in 1969 Neil Armstrong from the US set foot on the moon, saying “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Despite the great 74 (achieve), sometimes accidents did happen, resulting in huge losses. 75 , scientists are determined to further explore the universe. One ongoing project is the International Space Station orbiting the earth. 76 (compare) with the USSR and the US, China started later in its space program, but it has made huge progress. So far, several astronauts, including Yang Liwei, 77 (be) to space. China has also launched the Tiangong 2 space lab, 78 (mark) a huge step in its effort to establish 79 space station. It is believed that the future of space exploration is bright thanks 80 the efforts of the scientists all over the world. 【答案】 71．which 72．successfully 73．to be sent 74．achievements 75．However 76．Compared 77．have been 78．marking 79．a 80．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空的探索历程及成就。 71．考查定语从句。句意：人们一直有一个探索外层空间的梦想，在科学家的帮助下，他们的梦想，这曾经被认为是不可能的，正在变成现实。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“dream”，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 72．考查副词。句意：科学家们做了许多实验，并成功地制造了可以脱离地球引力的火箭。副词“successfully”修饰动词“made”作状语。故填successfully。 73．考查非谓语动词。句意：1961年，苏联的尤里·加加林成为第一个被送入太空的人，1969年，美国人尼尔·阿姆斯特朗踏上月球，他说：“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。”。序数词修饰的名词常用不定式作定语，且“person”与“send”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式to be sent。故填to be sent。 74．考查名词。句意：尽管取得了巨大的成就，但有时也会发生事故，造成巨大的损失。名词“achievements”作介词“Despite”的宾语，为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，且应为复数形式。故填achievements。 75．考查副词。句意：然而，科学家们决心进一步探索宇宙。前后句之间为转折关系，故用副词“However”。故填However。 76．考查非谓语动词。句意：与苏联和美国相比，中国的太空计划起步较晚，但已经取得了巨大的进步。逻辑主语“China”与“compare”之间为被动关系，故用过去分词Compared作状语。故填Compared。 77．考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，包括杨利伟在内的几名宇航员已经进入了太空。根据时间状语“So far”以及主语“several astronauts”，应用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been。 78．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国还发射了天宫二号空间实验室，标志着中国在建立空间站的努力中迈出了一大步。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，make和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词marking作结果状语。故填marking 79．考查冠词。句意：中国还发射了天宫二号空间实验室，标志着中国在建立空间站的努力中迈出了一大步。名词“station”为可数名词，泛指“一个空间站”且“space”发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 80．考查介词。句意：人们相信，由于全世界科学家的努力，太空探索的前景是光明的。固定搭配“thanks to”表示“由于”。故填to。 （24-25高一上·浙江·阶段练习）阅读下面课外短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s newest type of carrier rocket, the Long March 12, 81 (make) its maiden flight on Saturday night, 82 also marked the debut mission of the Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Center. Four liquid oxygen-kerosene engines on the rocket’s first stage roared with dazzling flame at 10:25 pm. After flying a short while, two satellites separated from the rocket 83 entered their preset orbit, marking the success of 84 launch mission. The Long March 12 is the first Chinese rocket with a diameter of 3.8 meters. By 85 (compare), most Chinese rockets have a diameter of 3.35 meters, a standard 86 (wide) that was set in the 1960s considering constraining factors in rail transport. Standing 62.6 meters tall, equivalent to the height of 22 87 (story) of a standard residential building, the two-stage model is the second 88 (high) in all Chinese rockets, only exceeded by the 62.8-meter Long March 5. The new model will 89 (effective) improve China’s capability 90 (send) spacecraft to a sun-synchronous orbit and deploy satellite networks in low orbits, the Shanghai academy noted, adding that its research and development started in May 2020 and finished in June this year. 【答案】 81．made 82．which 83．and 84．the 85．comparison 86．width 87．stories 88．highest 89．effectively 90．to send 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国最新型号运载火箭长征12号成功首飞的情况。 81．考查动词时态。句意：周六晚，中国最新型号运载火箭长征12号成功首飞，这也标志着海南国际商业航天发射中心的首次发射任务。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语on Saturday night可知，此处为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填made。 82．考查定语从句。句意：周六晚，中国最新型号运载火箭长征12号成功首飞，这也标志着海南国际商业航天发射中心的首次发射任务。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 83．考查连词。句意：飞行片刻后，两颗卫星与火箭分离，进入预定轨道，标志着发射任务的成功。根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接前后两个动词separated和entered，保持并列结构。故填and。 84．考查冠词。句意：飞行片刻后，两颗卫星与火箭分离，进入预定轨道，标志着发射任务的成功。根据句意以及空后launch mission为名词可知，此处为定冠词the表示特指上文中提到的“发射任务”。故填the。 85．考查名词。句意：相比之下，大多数中国火箭的直径为3.35米，这是20世纪60年代考虑到铁路运输的限制因素而设定的标准宽度。此处为固定短语By  comparison“相比之下”，名词作宾语。故填comparison。 86．考查名词。句意：相比之下，大多数中国火箭的直径为3.35米，这是20世纪60年代考虑到铁路运输的限制因素而设定的标准宽度。由空前standard为形容词可知，此处为名词形式“宽度”，对前文3.35 meters的说明，作同位语。故填width。 87．考查名词复数。句意：这个两级模型高62.6米，相当于一栋标准住宅楼的22层高度，是中国所有火箭中第二高的，仅次于62.8米的长征五号。story这里表示“楼层”，由空前22可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填stories。 88．考查形容词最高级。句意：这个两级模型高62.6米，相当于一栋标准住宅楼的22层高度，是中国所有火箭中第二高的，仅次于62.8米的长征五号。由空前the second可知，此处为形容词最高级，构成the second highest“第二高的”。故填highest。 89．考查副词。句意：上海研究院指出，新模型将有效提高中国向太阳同步轨道发射航天器和在低轨道部署卫星网络的能力，并补充说，其研发始于2020年5月，于今年6月完成。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词effectively作状语修饰动词improve。故填effectively。 90．考查动词不定式。句意：上海研究院指出，新模型将有效提高中国向太阳同步轨道发射航天器和在低轨道部署卫星网络的能力，并补充说，其研发始于2020年5月，于今年6月完成。此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰capability，capability to do“做某事的能力”为惯用表达。故填to send。 （24-25高三上·河南·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China’s national Beidou high-precision navigation (导航) and positioning service platform has entered trial operation, 91 (represent) new progress in the country’s independent satellite navigation capabilities, the National Geomatics Center of China made an 92 (announce) in Chongqing on Thursday. 93 the leadership of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the platform integrates satellite navigation and positioning base stations nationwide within the natural resources system, 94 (remarkable) fueling the growth of the digital economy. This initiative combines more than 3,300 base stations into a united network offering centralized management of station resources. The network provides 95 (rely), non-stop and high-precision positioning services throughout the country. It delivers accurate and real-time navigation for fields, 96 include public welfare mapping, resource surveying and intelligent transportation. The service is available both online and offline. Online, it offers real-time observation data to strengthen positioning services. Offline, the platform delivers coordinate results, post-event observation data files 97 related products. The BeiDou System (BDS) was initiated in 1994. The construction of BDS-1 98 (complete) in 2000 and BDS-2 in 2012. With BDS-3 99 (build) and put into service on July 31, 2020, China became the third country to have 100 independent global navigation satellite system. 【答案】 91．representing 92．announcement 93．Under 94．remarkably 95．reliable 96．which 97．and 98．was completed 99．built 100．an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国家北斗高精度导航与定位服务平台投入试运行的情况，包括其整合全国卫星导航定位基站、推动数字经济发展、提供可靠不间断高精度定位服务以及北斗系统的建设历程和成就。 91．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家地理信息中心周四在重庆宣布，中国国家北斗高精度导航与定位服务平台已投入试运行，这代表了我国在自主卫星导航能力方面取得的新进展。“(represent) new progress in the country’s independent satellite navigation capabilities”作伴随状语，represent(代表)是非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语“China’s national Beidou high-precision navigation (导航) and positioning service platform has entered trial operation”这一事件构成主动关系，故用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填representing。 92．考查名词。句意：中国国家地理信息中心周四在重庆宣布，中国国家北斗高精度导航与定位服务平台已投入试运行。提示词作宾语，用名词announcement，有冠词an修饰，用单数形式。故填announcement。 93．考查介词。句意：在自然资源部的领导下，该平台整合了自然资源系统内全国卫星导航定位基站，显著推动了数字经济的发展。“在……的领导下”用介词under the leadership of；句首单词首字母大写。故填Under。 94．考查副词。句意：在自然资源部的领导下，该平台整合了自然资源系统内全国卫星导航定位基站，显著推动了数字经济的发展。提示词修饰动词fueling，应用副词remarkably作状语，意为“显著地”。故填remarkably。 95．考查形容词。句意：该网络为全国提供可靠、不间断、高精度的定位服务。提示词修饰名词短语positioning services，应用形容词reliable作定语，意为“可靠的”。故填reliable。 96．考查定语从句。句意：它为公益测绘、资源调查、智能交通等领域提供精准实时导航。“ include public welfare mapping, resource surveying and intelligent transportation”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fields，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 97．考查连词。句意：离线时，该平台提供坐标结果、事后观测数据文件及相关产品。提示词与名词词组observation data files和related products为并列关系，作宾语，应用连词and连接。故填and。 98．考查时态语态。句意：BDS-1于2000年建成，BDS-2于2012年建成。complete(完成)是谓语动词，与主语The construction构成被动关系，结合时间状语in 2000可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数。故填was completed。 99．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着BDS-3于2020年7月31日建成并投入使用，中国成为第三个拥有独立全球导航卫星系统的国家。build(建立)作with的复合结构中宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语BDS-3构成被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作宾补。故填built。 100．考查冠词。句意：随着BDS-3于2020年7月31日建成并投入使用，中国成为第三个拥有一套独立全球导航卫星系统的国家。可数名词system表示“一套独立全球导航卫星系统”，泛指，且independent为发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On June 25th, 2024, the returner of the Chang’e-6 probe 101 (return) to earth, successfully bringing back the world’s first samples collected from the far side of the moon, 102 marked a major step forward for Chinese Lunar Exploration Program. Chang’e-6— 103 sixth of the missions in the Chang’e series— is widely seen as an important step forward for China’s aim to put astronauts on the moon in the coming years. Up to now, it 104 (achieve) three technological breakthroughs. Also, it has accomplished the world’s first automatic sampling and return from the far side, a new engineering wonder. It collected 1,935.3 grams of samples from the moon’s far side, which will be analyzed by researchers in China prior to 105 (open) for access by international scientists. And the samples were collected using a drill and a 106 (robot) arm from a location within the South Pole-Aitken basin, an impact crater (撞击坑) 107 (emerge) some 4 billion years ago on the moon’s far side. In the near future, China’s deep space exploration will focus mainly on lunar exploration. Following the successful 108 (complete) of the Chang’e-6 mission, China is scheduled 109 (launch) its Chang’ e-7 mission in 2026 and Chang’ e-8 in 2028 110 expectation of building a community with a shared future for mankind in outer space. 【答案】 101．returned 102．which 103．the 104．has achieved 105．being opened 106．robotic 107．emerging 108．completion 109．to launch 110．in 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥六号探测器的成功返回及其带回的月球背面样本，阐述了中国月球探测计划的重要进展和意义，同时提到了未来的探测计划。 101．考查动词时态。句意：2024年6月25日，嫦娥六号探测器返回地球，成功带回世界上第一批月球背面样本，标志着中国探月事业向前迈出了一大步。return作本句谓语，根据时间状语On June 25th, 2024可知，用一般过去时。故填returned。 102．此处考查定语从句。句意：2024年6月25日，嫦娥六号探测器返回地球，成功带回世界上第一批月球背面样本，标志着中国探月事业向前迈出了一大步。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句整个句子，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 103．考查冠词。句意：嫦娥六号是嫦娥系列的第六次任务，被广泛认为是中国在未来几年将宇航员送上月球的重要一步。因为空格后有序数词sixth，前需用定冠词修饰。故填the。 104．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，已经实现了三项技术突破。achieve作本句谓语，根据时间状语 Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语it为第三人称单数。故填has achieved。 105．考查非谓语动词和语态。句意：它从月球背面收集了1935.3克样本，这些样本将由中国的研究人员进行分析，然后向国际科学家开放。空格前to为介词，故此处用动名词，open和逻辑主语samples之间知被动关系，用被动语态。故填being opened。 106．考查形容词。句意：这些样本是用钻头和机械臂从南极艾特肯盆地收集的，艾特肯盆地是一个大约40亿年前出现在月球背面的陨石坑。空后是名词，空格处需填形容词作定语，robot的形容词形式是robotic。故填robotic。 107．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些样本是用钻头和机械臂从南极艾特肯盆地收集的，艾特肯盆地是一个大约40亿年前出现在月球背面的陨石坑。本句已有谓语动词were collected，所以emerge用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语an impact crater之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填emerging。 108．考查名词。句意：继“嫦娥六号”成功发射后，中国计划于2026年发射“嫦娥七号”，并于2028年发射“嫦娥八号”，期望构建人类外层空间命运共同体。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，complete的名词形式是completion意为“完成”，为不可数名词。故填completion。 109．考查非谓语动词。句意：继“嫦娥六号”成功发射后，中国计划于2026年发射“嫦娥七号”，并于2028年发射“嫦娥八号”，期望构建人类外层空间命运共同体。此处是固定搭配：be scheduled to do sth.意为“计划做某事”。故填to launch。 110．考查介词。句意：继“嫦娥六号”成功发射后，中国计划于2026年发射“嫦娥七号”，并于2028年发射“嫦娥八号”，期望构建人类外层空间命运共同体。此处是固定搭配：in expectation of意为“期望”。故填in。 （24-25高三上·山西晋城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. CGTN, Updated20: 58, 01- May -2024, Wednesday China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe(探测器) is ready to be launched in two days after it completed a final systematic joint rehearsal (预演) on Wednesday. Different departments, 111 included the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province, the Beijing Aerospace Control Center, the Xi’an Satellite Control Center, and the Yuanwang space-tracking ship, 112 (participate) in the rehearsal. The flight is scheduled for launch on May 3, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA) on Wednesday. The rehearsal was conducted 113 (ensure) smooth cooperation between the different organizations during the launch of the probe. A Long March 5 carrier rocket, with the 8.2- metric-tonne Chang’e 6probe on top, 114 (move) on Saturday morning to its launch tower at the Wenchang Space Launch Center. Before Wednesday’s rehearsal, the launch site had already organized and completed a series of tests, including 115 (fuel) the rocket. The launch site also organized 116 pre-launch meteorological (气象学的) consultation for the mission as Wenchang is transitioning iron a dry to a rainy season. The meteorological system also has initiated stimulation exercises 117 advance and has strengthened the monitoring of data 118 (associate) with thunderstorms and heavy rain in the launch site area and its surroundings lately. 119 (additional), they are closely monitoring small changes in the shallow wind field around important buildings in 120 (prepare) for the coming launch on May 3. 【答案】 111．which 112．participated 113．to ensure 114．was moved 115．fueling /fuelling 116．a 117．in 118．associated 119．Additionally 120．preparation 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了嫦娥六号探测器的发射准备工作及相关部门的协调情况。 111．考查定语从句。句意：不同部门，包括海南省文昌航天发射场、北京航天控制中心、西安卫星控制中心和远望号航天测控船，参加了预演。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Different departments。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 112．考查动词时态。句意：不同部门，包括海南省文昌航天发射场、北京航天控制中心、西安卫星控制中心和远望号航天测控船，参加了预演。空处为句子的谓语动词。本句话是对过去事实的描述，所以用一般过去时态。故填participated。 113．考查非谓语动词。句意：预演是为了确保在探测器发射期间不同组织之间的顺利合作。空处需要动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。 114．考查动词时态语态。句意：周六上午，搭载8.2吨重的嫦娥六号探测器的长征五号运载火箭被移至文昌航天发射中心的发射塔。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据句意和上下文时态可知，句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，且该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was moved。 115．考查非谓语动词。句意：在周三的预演之前，发射场已经组织并完成了一系列测试，包括给火箭加燃料。此处应用动名词作介词including的宾语。故填fueling/fuelling。 116． 考查冠词。句意：发射场还组织了一次发射前的气象咨询，因为文昌正从干季过渡到雨季。此处泛指“一次咨询”且空后为辅音音素开始的单词，应用不定冠词。pre首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 117．考查介词。句意：气象系统还提前启动了模拟演习，并加强了对最近发射场区域及其周围雷暴和大雨相关数据的监测。短语in advance表示“提前”。故填in。 118．考查非谓语动词。句意：气象系统还提前启动了模拟演习，并加强了对最近发射场区域及其周围雷暴和大雨相关数据的监测。空处需要非谓语动词的形式作后置定语。该动词和修饰的名词data之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填associated。 119．考查副词。句意：此外，他们还密切监测重要建筑物周围浅层风场的微小变化，为即将到来的5月3日的发射做准备。此处应用副词additionally表示“此外”，修饰后面的句子。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Additionally。 120． 考查名词。句意：此外，他们还密切监测重要建筑物周围浅层风场的微小变化，为即将到来的5月3日的发射做准备。短语in preparation for表示“为……做准备”，空处需要名词作介词的宾语。故填preparation。 （24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）语法填空 Looking up at the stars, people have always dreamed of exploring the universe, but before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was 121 impossible dream. However, with the efforts of some scientists, rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity 122 (make). In 1961, the USSR sent the first person into space. Then, American astronaut Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon, which was considered a giant leap for mankind. Scientists tried to ensure the 123 (safe) of the astronauts, but disasters still happened, which made everyone sad and 124 (disappoint). However, human’s desire to explore the universe never died. This is 125 people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. China 126 (make) great progress in the space programme in recent years. In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft. More 127 (recent), China has sent Chang’e 4 128 (explore) the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. It is clear 129 the future of space exploration remains bright. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable 130 (we) to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. 【答案】 121．an 122．were made 123．safety 124．disappointed 125．because 126．has made 127．recently 128．to explore 129．that 130．us 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了人类对太空的探索历程。 121．考查冠词。句意：仰望星空，人们一直梦想着探索宇宙，但在20世纪中期之前，大多数人都觉得进入太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。空处修饰单数可数名词dream，为泛指“一个不可能实现的梦想”，故用不定冠词，且impossible的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 122．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在一些科学家的努力下，能够摆脱地球引力的火箭被制造出来了谓语make与rockets为被动关系，且此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为rockets，谓语动词应用复数。故填were made。 123．考查名词。句意：科学家们努力确保宇航员的安全，但灾难仍然发生，这使每个人都感到悲伤和失望。作动词的宾语，应用名词safety。故填safety。 124．考查形容词。句意：科学家们努力确保宇航员的安全，但灾难仍然发生，这使每个人都感到悲伤和失望。此处为“make +宾语+宾补”结构，and连接两个并列的形容词作宾补，空处形容人的感受，表示“失望的”用形容词disappointed。故填disappointed。 125．考查固定句式。句意：这是因为人们相信尽管有巨大的风险，但进行太空探索的重要性。句型this is because...意为“这是因为……”。故填because。 126．考查时态。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了很大进展。根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has made。 127．考查副词。句意：最近，中国发射了嫦娥四号探测月球背面的表面，进行测量和观测。修饰整个句子用副词recently。故填recently。 128．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，中国发射了嫦娥四号探测月球背面的表面，进行测量和观测。explore在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to explore。 129．考查主语从句。句意：很明显，太空探索的未来依然光明。此处为句型it be adj. that…，it为形式主语，这里应用that引导主语从句，在句中不作任何成分，但不能省略。故填that。 130．考查代词。句意：尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来生存得更好。作动词的宾语应用宾格us。故填us。 （24-25高二上·河北张家口·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is getting set for future deep space missions, having retrieved (取回) nearly two kilograms of lunar samples from the moon’s far side. The Chang’e-6 reentry capsule landed back on Earth on June 25, 131 (successful) ending a 53-day mission. The capsule was recovered as planned in grasslands of Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia. The capsule was sent to Beijing and opened on June 26 to retrieve the sample canister (金属罐), 132 contains 1,935.3 grams of samples, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). The mission was intended 133 (collect) up to 2,000 grams. The 2020 Chang’e-5 near side mission collected 1,731 grams. That mission 134 (encounter) a drilling issue that impacted the amount collected. The samples have been transported to 135 lunar sample lab in Beijing, where the substances will 136 (store) and initially processed, said the CNSA． The samples, the first materials recovered from the moon’s far side, have unique 137 (science) value and will further expand humans’ knowledge of the moon’s history and help to prepare for the exploration and exploitation (开发) of lunar resources, the administration said, 138 (note) that they are a “shared treasure” of humanity. It is expected that domestic research 139 (center) will be able to make application s for samples after six months. Samples will be accessible 140 international scientists two years later, according to CNSA regulations on lunar sample management. 【答案】 131．successfully 132．which 133．to collect 134．encountered 135．the 136．be stored 137．scientific 138．noting 139．centers 140．to 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国正在为未来的深空任务做准备，已经从月球背面回收了近两公斤的月球样本。嫦娥六号返回舱于6月25日返回地球。 131．考查副词。句意：嫦娥六号返回舱于6月25日返回地球，成功结束了为期53天的任务。修饰动词end应用副词successfully，故填successfully。 132．考查定语从句。句意：据中国国家航天局（CNSA）称，该太空舱已被送往北京，并于6月26日打开取回样品罐，其中含有1935.3克样品。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词canister，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 133．考查非谓语动词。句意：这次任务的目的是收集2000克。短语be intended to do sth.表示“目的是……”。故填to collect。 134．考查时态。句意：那次任务遇到了一个钻井问题，影响了收集的数量。发生在过去用一般过去时。故填encountered。 135．考查冠词。句意：中国国家航天局表示，这些样品已被运送到北京的月球样品实验室，在那里这些物质将被储存并进行初步处理。此处sample为特指应用定冠词the。故填the。 136．考查语态。句意：中国国家航天局表示，这些样品已被运送到北京的月球样品实验室，在那里这些物质将被储存并进行初步处理。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且will后跟动词原形。故填be stored。 137．考查形容词。句意：国家航天局表示，这些样品是第一批从月球背面回收的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩大人类对月球历史的了解，并有助于为月球资源的探索和开发做准备，并指出它们是人类的“共享宝藏”。修饰名词value应用形容词scientific，作定语。故填scientific。 138．考查非谓语动词。句意：国家航天局表示，这些样品是第一批从月球背面回收的材料，具有独特的科学价值，将进一步扩大人类对月球历史的了解，并有助于为月球资源的探索和开发做准备，并指出它们是人类的“共享宝藏”。此处note与administration构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填noting。 139．考查名词的数。句意：预计国内研究中心将在6个月后提出样品申请。结合语境，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填centers。 140．考查介词。句意：根据中国国家航天局关于月球样本管理的规定，两年后，国际科学家将可以获得月球样本。短语be accessible to表示“可获得”。故填to。 （22-23高二下·四川内江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After orbiting Earth for six months, the three members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission returned to Earth safely 141 April 16th, 2022, concluding the nation’s longest manned spaceflight. During their stay in the space station, the crew preformed two spacewalks and conducted a series of 142 (science) experiments using a large robotic arm and other equipment to install and adjust devices. Meanwhile, it was the first time that a female Chinese astronaut 143 (perform) a space walk. Besides, the astronauts, with the 144 (assist) of the staff on the ground, delivered a  lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to 145 (million) of students. They showed viewers 146 they lived and worked inside the space station. The uniform called a “penguin jumpsuit”, 147 (special) designed to help the astronauts maintain 148 (they) muscle strength, was introduced. The astronauts also demonstrated (演示) some experiments 149 was related to physical phenomena(现象) in the weightless environment. The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons were intended to popularize space science and spark enthusiasm in science among youngsters, 150 (mark) the start of the Tiangong Class series. With its space station construction advancing, China will share its breakthroughs and strengthen cooperation with other countries to push space exploration further forward. 【答案】 141．on 142．scientific 143．had performed 144．assistance 145．millions 146．how 147．specially 148．their 149．which/that 150．marking 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国神舟十三号航天员完成六个月太空任务后安全返回，期间实现多项科研突破，包括女航天员首次太空行走和向数百万学生传授太空知识，旨在推动太空科学普及和国际合作。 141．考查介词。句意：在地球轨道上飞行了六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名成员于2022年4月16日安全返回地球，完成了中国迄今为止时间最长的载人航天飞行任务。句中April 16th是具体的一天，前面应用介词on，故填on。 142．考查形容词。句意：在空间站停留期间，机组人员进行了两次太空行走，并利用大型机械臂和其他设备开展了一系列科学实验，以安装和调整设备。experiments是名词，此处用形容词作定语，science的形容词是scientific。故填scientific。 143．考查动词时态和固定句式。句意：与此同时，这是中国女航天员首次执行太空行走任务。It was the first time that...第几次做某事…… 是固定句式，that从句中用过去完成时，故填had performed。 144．考查名词。句意：此外，宇航员们在地面工作人员的协助下，在距离地球400公里的太空上向数百万名学生进行了授课。根据空前句中定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，再结合语意，此处缺少的语意是“帮助”，assist的名词是assistance，assistance是不可数名词。故填assistance。 145．考查名词的数。句意：此外，宇航员们在地面工作人员的协助下，在距离地球400公里的太空上向数百万名学生进行了授课。结合空后的of可知，此处考查固定短语millions of，意为“数百万”。故填millions。 146．考查宾语从句。句意：他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作。此处引导宾语从句， 结合“they lived and worked inside the space station”可知，句子不缺成分，空处需要用连接副词。结合语意，“他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作”可知，此处用how，故填how。 147．考查副词。句意：一种被称为“企鹅服”的制服被推出，它特别设计用于帮助宇航员保持肌肉力量。分析句子可知，designed为过去分词，应用副词修饰，作状语，special为形容词，对应的副词为specially，意为“特别地”。故填specially。 148．考查名词性物主代词。句意：一种被称为“企鹅服”的制服被推出，它特别设计用于帮助宇航员保持肌肉力量。根据空后muscle strength可知，此处需要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，故填their。 149．考查定语从句。句意：宇航员们还演示了一些与无重力环境中的物理现象有关的实验。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为experiments，指事物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 150．考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟十三号的太空课程旨在普及太空科学，激发年轻人对科学的热情，标志着天宫课堂系列的开始。mark与逻辑主语The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons之间是主谓关系，所以应该使用现在分词marking作状语。故填marking。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）语法填空 Shenzhou XVII astronauts meet press after return from space 神舟十七号航天员乘组太空归来后正式亮相 The three astronauts from China’s Shenzhou XVII crewed mission met press on July 5, their first public appearance since they returned from space two months ago. All three crew members — Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin — are 151 good physical and mental health. Their muscle strength, endurance and exercise cardiopulmonary function have 152 (basic) returned to pre-flight levels. China launched the Shenzhou XVII manned spaceship on Oct 26, 2023. The trio 153 (return) to Earth on April 30 this year after spending a record-breaking 187 days in orbit, surpassing the duration of previous crews. During the mission, the three astronauts carried out 84 space application experiments and tests in orbit, 154 produced more than 200 samples covering multiple fields. The mission marked crew commander Tang Hongbo’s second journey to the space station, 155 (make) him the Chinese astronaut with the 156 (long) spaceflight time. Tang Shengjie, the youngest astronaut 157 (enter) China’s space station, celebrated his 34th birthday during his first spaceflight. He said he 158 (undergo) follow-up training and strive for an early return to space. The trio conducted two spacewalks and completed China’s first extravehicular maintenance task. Jiang Xinlin recounted the extravehicular activities to the press, noting that the process went smoothly due to 159 (comprehension) training beforehand. According to the center, once 160 (assess) well, they will resume regular training. 【答案】 151．in 152．basically 153．returned 154．and 155．making 156．longest 157．to have entered 158．would undergo 159．comprehensive 160．assessed 【导语】这是一篇新闻报答。7月5日，来自中国神舟十七号载人飞行任务的三名宇航员与媒体见面，这是他们两个月前从太空返回后首次公开露面。 151．考查介词。句意：三名机组人员——唐洪波、唐生杰和蒋新林——身心健康状况良好。表示“处于……的状态”，用介词in。故填in。 152．考查副词。句意：他们的肌力、耐力和运动心肺功能基本恢复到飞行前的水平。副词basically修饰动词，作状语。故填basically。 153．考查动词。句意：这三人于今年4月30日返回地球，此前他们在轨道上停留了创纪录的187天，超过了之前宇航员的停留时间。根据时间状语on April 30可知，本句为一般过去时。故填returned。 154．考查连词。句意：在任务期间，三名宇航员在轨道上进行了84次空间应用实验和测试，并产生了200多个覆盖多个领域的样品。前后动词为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 155．考查非谓语。句意：这次任务标志着机组指挥官唐洪波第二次前往空间站，使他成为中国太空飞行时间最长的宇航员。空处为非谓语动词，make与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填making。 156．考查最高级。句意：这次任务标志着机组指挥官唐洪波第二次前往空间站，使他成为中国太空飞行时间最长的宇航员。表示“最长的”，用形容词最高级。故填longest。 157．考查非谓语。句意：唐生杰是进入中国空间站的最年轻的宇航员，在他的第一次太空飞行中庆祝了他的34岁生日。不定式作后置定语，且表示动作已经完成，用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have entered。 158．考查时态。句意：他说，他将接受后续训练，争取早日返回太空。He said that为宾语从句，从句表示过去将来要做的事情，为过去将来时。故填would undergo。 159．考查形容词。句意：蒋新林向媒体讲述了舱外活动，并指出，由于事先进行了全面的培训，整个过程非常顺利。形容词comprehensive作定语修饰名词。故填comprehensive。 160．考查省略。句意：据该中心称，一旦评估良好，他们将恢复常规训练。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为once they were assessed，省略了主语和be动词。故填assessed。 （23-24高一下·山西吕梁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China 161 (make) another historic step in its deep space exploration till now. The Long March-5 Y8 carrier rocket blasted off (发射) from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in South China’s tropical island of Hainan on Friday, 162 (aim) to bring back lunar samples from the far side of the Moon. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) confirmed the success of the launch after two pairs of solar panels of the spacecraft opened 163 (smooth). The round trip of Chang’e-6 will last about 53 days, twice the 164 (long) of the mission of Chang’e-5, 165 returned samples from the near side of the moon in some 23 days, media reported. 166 amount of Moon samples to be returned this time is also expected to be 167 (large)than the Chang’e-5 mission. It is expected to bring back around 2,000 grams of lunar dust and rocks, increasing 168 some 270 grams from the previous mission. The Chang’e-6 mission aims to pioneer new 169 (area) in lunar orbit design, intelligent sampling on the moon’s far side, and ascent from the lunar surface, while conducting an automated sample return from the moon’s far side, along with scientific exploration of the landing area 170 international cooperation. 【答案】 161．has made 162．aiming 163．smoothly 164．length 165．which 166．The 167．larger 168．by 169．areas 170．and 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了周五，长征五号运载火箭Y8从中国南部热带岛屿海南岛的文昌航天发射场发射升空，旨在从月球背面带回月球样本。 161．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国在深空探索中又迈出了历史性的一步。根据后文till now可知为现在完成时，主要为China，助动词用has。故填has made。 162．考查非谓语动词。句意：周五，长征五号运载火箭Y8从中国南部热带岛屿海南岛的文昌航天发射场发射升空，旨在从月球背面带回月球样本。此处aim与The Long March-5 Y8 carrier rocket构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填aiming。 163．考查副词。句意：中国国家航天局（CNSA）在航天器的两对太阳能电池板顺利打开后证实了发射成功。修饰动词open应用副词smoothly，故填smoothly。 164．考查名词。句意：据媒体报道，嫦娥六号的往返行程将持续约53天，是嫦娥五号任务时间的两倍，嫦娥五号从月球近地面返回样本耗时约23天。根据上文定冠词可知应用名词length，表示“长度”。故填length。 165．考查定语从句。句意：据媒体报道，嫦娥六号的往返行程将持续约53天，是嫦娥五号任务时间的两倍，嫦娥五号从月球近地面返回样本耗时约23天。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chang’e-5，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 166．考查冠词。句意：预计这次返回的月球样本数量也将超过嫦娥五号。短语the amount of表示“……的数量”，首字母大写。故填The。 167．考查比较级。句意：预计这次返回的月球样本数量也将超过嫦娥五号。根据后文than可知为比较级。故填larger。 168．考查介词。句意：预计它将带回约2000克月球尘埃和岩石，比上一次任务增加约270克。短语increase by表示“增加……”。故填by。 169．考查名词的数。句意：嫦娥六号任务的目标是在月球轨道设计、月球背面智能采样、月球表面上升等方面开拓新领域，同时在月球背面进行自动采样返回，并对着陆区进行科学探索和国际合作。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填areas。 170．考查连词。句意：嫦娥六号任务的目标是在月球轨道设计、月球背面智能采样、月球表面上升等方面开拓新领域，同时在月球背面进行自动采样返回，并对着陆区进行科学探索和国际合作。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 （2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Samples from moon’s far side transferred to reentry capsule The samples collected 171 China’s Chang’e 6 lunar mission from the far side of the moon have been delivered to the reentry capsule that will later take them to Earth, according to the China National Space Administration. After flying in a lunar orbit for about 56 hours, the sample-loaded ascender (上升器) of the Chang’e 6 probe 172 (dock) with the orbiter-reentry capsule combination at 2:48 pm, and transferred a sealed 173 (contain) holding the precious lunar samples. The ascender will next depart from the orbiter-reentry capsule combination, and the combination will continue orbiting the moon before ground control gives it the order 174 (leave) lunar orbit and return to Earth. As one of the world’s most 175 (note) space missions this year, the Chang’e is an endeavor 176 (aim) at retrieving (找回) samples from the far side of the moon for scientific studies. So far, all of the lunar substances on Earth 177 (collect) from the near side of the moon by the United States’ six Apollo manned landings, the former Soviet Union’s three Luna robotic missions as well as China’s Chang’e 5 unmanned mission. The landscapes and physical characteristics of the far side of the moon, 178 permanently faces away from the Earth, are very different from 179 of the near side that is visible. So 180 (analyze) far-side samples will help to better understand the history of the moon and the solar system. 【答案】 171．by 172．docked 173．container 174．to leave 175．notable 176．aimed 177．have been collected 178．which 179．those 180．analyzing 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的样本被送往返回舱，随将被带回地球。 171．考查介词。句意：中国国家航天局表示，嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的样本已被送往返回舱，随后将被带回地球。本句中指的是“由中国嫦娥6号从月球背面收集的样本”；表示“由……”用介词by。故填by。 172．考查动词的时态。句意：在月球轨道上飞行了大约56个小时后，嫦娥六号探测器的装载样本的上升器于下午2点48分与轨道飞行器-返回舱组合对接，并转移了一个装有珍贵月球样本的密封容器。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；且此处描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填docked。 173．考查名词。句意：在月球轨道上飞行了大约56个小时后，嫦娥六号探测器的装载样本的上升器于下午2点48分与轨道飞行器-返回舱组合对接，并转移了一个装有珍贵月球样本的密封容器。空格处位于不定冠词之后，所以需要填入可数名词单数；contain的名词为container，意为“容器”。故填container。 174．考查动词不定式。句意：上升器接下来将离开轨道器-返回舱组合，在地面控制中心发出离开月球轨道返回地球的命令之前，这个组合将继续绕月飞行。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词作定语；此处修饰名词，且动作未发生，所以用动词不定式。故填to leave。 175．考查形容词。句意：作为今年世界上最引人注目的太空任务之一，嫦娥号旨在从月球背面采集样本进行科学研究。空格处位于名词之前，所以需要填入形容词作定语，note的形容词为notable意为“令人注目的，显要的”。故填notable。 176．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为今年世界上最引人注目的太空任务之一，嫦娥号旨在从月球背面采集样本进行科学研究。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，此处修饰名词，所以作定语，be aimed at doing sth.意为“旨在作某事”是固定搭配，所以空格处应该用过去分词作定语。故填aimed。 177．考查动词的时态与被动语态。句意：到目前为止，地球上所有的月球物质都是由美国的六次阿波罗载人着陆、前苏联的三次月球机器人任务以及中国的嫦娥五号无人任务从月球近端收集的。分析句子结构可知，句子中需要填入谓语动词；根据时间状语“So far”可知，需要用现在完成时，“地球上所有的月球物质”是被收集，所以需要用现在完成时的被动语态，句子的主语为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have been collected。 178．考查定语从句。句意：月球远端永远背对地球，其地貌和物理特征与可见的近端有很大不同。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非限制性定语从句的连接词，且代替先行词在句子中作主语；先行词为物，所以用which。故填which。 179．考查代词。句意：月球远端永远背对地球，其地貌和物理特征与可见的近端有很大不同。此处指的是“其地貌和物理特征与可见的近端有很大不同”；所以空格处需要填入代词代替上文出现的“The landscapes and physical characteristics”，those那些，代替上文所出现的事物的复数。故填those。 180．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，分析月球背面的样本将有助于更好地了解月球和太阳系的历史。空格处与far-side samples构成句子的主语，所以填入动名词作主语。故填analyzing。 （23-24高一下·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mankind’s desire to explore the universe never fades away. They attach great importance to carrying on space exploration 181 the huge risks. The impossible dream of travelling to space was finally realized by some great scientists with 182 (determine). In 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and 183 (success) orbited around Earth. In 1961, the first Russian stepped into space. Over eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 184 (claim) “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind”. Since then, many more goals 185 (achieve). The International Space Station 186 the scientists can live and do research in space is a good example to show man’s joint efforts and ongoing work. Though China’s space programme started later than 187 of Russia and the US, it has made great progress in a short time. China was the third country 188 (send) humans into space independently. The Shenzhou series have been launched, performing many important tasks. The completion of the Tiangong Space Station was also 189 landmark in China’s space development. In spite of the difficulties, the future is bright. More countries will make 190 (far) studies about other planets and more valuable discoveries. 【答案】 181．despite 182．determination 183．successfully 184．claiming 185．have been achieved 186．where 187．those 188．to send 189．a 190．further 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空探索的不懈追求，从苏联发射第一颗人造卫星到国际空间站的建立，以及中国航天事业的迅速发展，展现了各国在太空探索领域的重大成就与合作。 181．考查介词。 句意：尽管存在巨大的风险，但他们非常重视进行太空探索。空处需要介词despite，表示“尽管存在巨大的风险”，和后面的名词组合在句中作状语。故填despite。 182．考查名词。 句意：一些伟大的科学家以坚定的决心最终实现了进入太空的不可能之梦。空处需要名词形式作介词的宾语。determine的名词形式为determination“决心”，不可数。故填determination。 183．考查副词。 句意：1957年，苏联发射了人造卫星Sputnik 1号，并成功地绕地球轨道运行。空处需要副词successfully修饰动词orbited，表示“成功地”。故填successfully。 184．考查非谓语动词。 句意：八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，宣称：“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。”句中已有谓语动词，空处需要现在分词作伴随状语，描述或补充说明主句的动作，它表明两个动作几乎是同时发生的。故填claiming。 185．考查时态和语态。 句意：从那以后，更多的目标已经实现。空处是句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语Since then可知，句子用现在完成时，该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语为复数。故填have been achieved。 186．考查定语从句关系词。 句意：国际空间站是科学家们可以在其中生活和进行太空研究的地方，这是展现人类共同努力和持续工作的良好例证。空处需要关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词The International Space Station，并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 187．考查代词。 句意：虽然中国的太空计划起步比俄罗斯和美国晚，但在短时间内取得了巨大进步。空处需要使用代词指代前文提到space programmes，因为空缺处代表复数概念，所以用代词those。those指代和前文中同类不同物的复数名词，实际此处指的是“Russia’s and the US’s space programmes”。故填those。 188．考查不定式作后置定语。 句意：中国是第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。空处需要非谓动词作定语修饰country。因为名词前面有序数词third修饰，所以此处需要动词不定式作后置定语。故填to send。 189．考查冠词。 句意：天宫空间站的建成也是中国太空发展的里程碑。landmark为可数名词“里程碑”，空处需要冠词表示泛指，此处指一个里程碑。空后的名词landmark为辅音音素开始的单词，所以需要用不定冠词a。故填a。 190．考查形容词比较级。 句意：尽管困难重重，但未来是光明的。更多的国家将对其他行星进行更深入的研究，并取得更有价值的发现。空处需要形容词比较级further，表示“更进一步的”，与more valuable discoveries相呼应，表达程度上的递进。故填further。 （23-24高二下·湖北武汉·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As humanity sets their sights on deep space exploration, the moon becomes a stepping stone, with countries hoping to build lunar bases to support such missions. 191 (solve) the “lunch” problem, scientists have been exploring the possibility of growing plants on the moon. Recently, a new study by Chinese scientists 192 (find) that bacteria in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University tested five species of bacteria on a material 193 simulated (模拟) lunar soil. Within a period of 10 to 21 days, three of the bacteria species had doubled their amount of phosphorus (磷) content, 194 key element for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil simulant containing these three bacteria species. They observed that the plants had 195 (long) stems and roots after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider clusters (簇) of leaves after 24 days of growth. “The study 196 (result) have important implications for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai, told Xinhua. Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their follow-up research, they hope to experiment with real lunar soil samples and grow crops 197 rice, corn and potatoes. Since the duration of space missions is increasing, 198 (carry) all food supplies to space becomes unsustainable. Hence, “space planting” becomes critical. During the Shenzhou XI mission, astronauts managed to grow lettuce, 199 sowing to harvest. In the later missions, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat and rice, etc. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food 200 more oxygen and water as well, according to CCTV News. 【答案】 191．To solve 192．has found 193．that/which 194．a 195．longer 196．results 197．like 198．carrying 199．from 200．but 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着人类将目光投向深空探索，月球成为了一块垫脚石，各国都希望建立月球基地来支持这类任务。为了解决“午餐”问题，科学家们一直在探索在月球上种植植物的可能性。 191．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决“午餐”问题，科学家们一直在探索在月球上种植植物的可能性。此处solve在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，句首单词首字母大写。故填To solve。 192．考查时态。句意：最近，中国科学家的一项新研究发现，地球土壤中的细菌可以提供解决方案。根据上文Recently可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为study，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式has found。故填has found。 193．考查定语从句。句意：中国农业大学的研究人员在一种模拟月球土壤的材料上测试了五种细菌。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词material，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用that /which引导从句。故填that /which。 194．考查冠词。句意：在10到21天的时间里，其中三种细菌的磷含量增加了一倍，磷是植物生长的关键元素。此处element为泛指，且key是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 195．考查比较级。句意：他们观察到，与没有细菌的植物相比，这些植物在生长六天后的茎和根更长。根据后文compared with those grown without the bacteria可知为比较关系，应用形容词的比较级形式。故填longer。 196．考查名词的数。句意：该研究的首席研究员孙振才在接受新华社采访时表示:“研究结果对未来长期停留在月球上具有重要意义。”后文have为动词原形形式，可知主语应为名词复数形式。故填results。 197．考查介词。句意：在他们的后续研究中，他们希望用真正的月球土壤样本进行实验，并种植如水稻、玉米和土豆等作物。后文为举例，表示“例如”应用介词like。故填like。 198．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于太空任务的持续时间越来越长，向太空运送所有食物供应变得不可持续。空处作主句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填carrying。 199．考查介词。句意：在神舟十一号任务期间，宇航员设法种植生菜，从播种到收获。表示“从……到……”短语为from…to…。故填from。 200．考查固定句型。句意：据央视新闻报道，这些“太空花园”不仅为宇航员提供食物，还为他们提供更多的氧气和水。表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but (also)…。故填but。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$