重点话题29人与自然 环境保护 完形填空 -【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题29人与自然-环境保护 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） “人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空高频单词和短语： 一、高频单词 environment 相关： environment环境 environmental环境的 environmentalist环保主义者 1.生态类： ecology生态；生态学 ecological生态的 biodiversity生物多样性 2. 污染类：pollution污染 pollutant污染物 emission排放物；散发物 3.能源类：energy能量 renewable可再生的 non-renewable不可再生的 fossil化石、 fuel燃料 4.保护行动类：protect保护 preserve保护；保存 conserve保护；节约 sustain维持；使持续 restoration修复 5.危害类： damage 破坏；损害 destroy 破坏；摧毁 harm 伤害；损害 endanger 危及，使遭受危险 6.气候类：climate气候 climate change气候变化 global warming全球变暖 temperature温度 7.废物处理类：waste废物；垃圾 garbage垃圾 rubbish垃圾 recycle回收利用 dispose处理；处置 8.自然现象类：flood洪水 drought干旱 storm风暴 hurricane飓风 tsunami海啸 二、高频短语 1.环境保护类： environmental protection（环境保护） wildlife protection（野生动物保护） environmental conservation（环境保育） 2.与污染相关： air pollution（空气污染） water pollution（水污染） soil pollution（土壤污染） noise pollution（噪音污染） reduce pollution（减少污染） 3.能源相关： renewable energy（可再生能源） solar energy（太阳能） wind energy（风能） energy conservation（能源节约） 4.自然栖息地相关： natural habitat（自然栖息地） protected area（保护区） national park（国家公园） 5.行为动作类： take action（采取行动） make a difference（有影响；起作用） raise awareness（提高意识） set up（建立；设立） carry out（实施；执行） 6.因果关系类： due to（由于）、because of（因为） lead to（导致）、result in（导致） as a result（结果） 7.表示程度类： a great deal of（大量的） a large number of（大量的） a small amount of（少量的） to some extent（在某种程度上） 8.其他：in danger（处于危险中） on the brink of（濒临） in harmony with（与…… 和谐相处） adapt to（适应） 三、“人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空的答题技巧 在高二英语 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题的完形填空中，答题时需要从词汇、语法、语篇等多个角度综合考虑，运用多种技巧来提高答题的准确性，以下是一些具体的答题技巧： 1.词汇层面 积累固定搭配：牢记与 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题相关的常见固定搭配和习惯用法。如 “environmental protection”“solar energy”“wildlife conservation” 等，看到相关词汇组合就能快速判断其在语境中的合理性。 辨析近义词：对于意思相近但用法有别的词汇，要根据上下文语境仔细辨析。比如 “preserve”“protect” 和 “conserve” 都有 “保护” 的意思，但 “preserve” 更侧重于保存、维护使其免受破坏；“protect” 强调采取措施使免受伤害或危险；“conserve” 则更侧重于保护自然资源、节约使用等。 关注派生词：注意单词的派生形式，通过词根词缀来猜测词义和判断词性。比如 “environment” 的形容词形式 “environmental”，名词 “environmentalism（环保主义）” 以及 “environmentalists（环保主义者）” 等。 2.语法层面 分析句子结构：判断句子是简单句、复合句还是并列句，确定所缺成分在句子中的作用。如果是定语从句，要根据先行词和从句中的成分来选择合适的关系词；若是宾语从句，要注意从句的语序和连接词的使用。 确定时态语态：根据上下文的时间线索和动作的逻辑关系，确定句子的时态和语态。例如，描述过去的环境问题用一般过去时，讲述目前正在进行的环保行动用现在进行时，提到被污染的情况用被动语态等。 注意主谓一致：确保句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。尤其当主语是一些表示整体概念的集合名词或不定代词时，要判断其谓语动词的单复数形式。 3.语篇层面 重视首句：首句往往会点明主题或提供重要的背景信息，对理解全文有重要的指引作用。如首句是 “With the development of industry, the environment is facing more and more challenges.”，就可以知道文章可能围绕工业发展带来的环境挑战展开。 寻找上下文线索：注意文章中的原词复现、同义词、反义词等线索。比如前文提到 “pollution”，后文可能会用 “contamination” 来替换；或者前文说 “harmful”，后文可能会用 “beneficial” 形成对比。 把握逻辑关系：理清文章中的因果、转折、并列、递进等逻辑关系。表示因果关系的有 “because”“so”“therefore” 等；转折关系有 “but”“however”“while” 等；并列关系有 “and”“or” 等；递进关系有 “furthermore”“moreover” 等。根据这些逻辑词来判断句子之间的关系，从而选择合适的词汇。 理解段落主旨：明确每个段落的主题和功能，判断所填内容是否符合段落的逻辑和主旨。比如某段主要讲述环保措施，那么所填词汇应该与措施相关，如 “implement”“carry out” 等。 4.答题步骤 通读全文：在答题前先快速通读一遍全文，了解文章的大致内容、主题和体裁，明确文章是在讲述环境污染问题、环保行动还是生态平衡等方面的内容，对文章有一个整体的框架认识。 初选答案：根据对文章的初步理解和自己的知识储备，结合上下文语境，对每个空进行初步的选择。对于有把握的题目，直接确定答案；对于不确定的题目，先标记出来，不要花费过多时间纠结。 回读检查：完成所有填空后，将所选答案代入原文，再次通读全文，检查文章的逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、语义是否连贯。重点检查之前标记的不确定的题目，从不同角度思考，确保答案的准确性。 四、高二英语人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空考法考点 高二英语 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题的完形填空，通常在词汇、语法、逻辑和语篇理解等方面设置考点，考查学生对基础知识的掌握和综合运用能力。以下是具体的考法和考点分析： 1.词汇方面 近义词辨析：给出几个意思相近但用法或侧重点不同的单词，如 “damage”“destroy”“ruin” 都有 “破坏” 的意思，“damage” 通常指部分损坏，“destroy” 指彻底摧毁，“ruin” 更强调使某物失去价值或变得无用。要求学生根据上下文的具体语境，判断哪个词最符合文意。 固定搭配与短语：考查与 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题相关的固定搭配和短语的用法，如 “be concerned about（关心；担忧）”“take measures to do（采取措施做某事）”“in harmony with（与…… 和谐相处）” 等，学生需要熟悉这些搭配的含义和用法，才能准确选择。 词汇的派生与转化：通过给出一个单词的不同形式，如 “environment（名词）”“environmental（形容词）”“environmentally（副词）”，考查学生对词汇派生和转化规则的掌握，以及在具体语境中运用正确词性的能力。 2.语法方面 动词时态和语态：根据文章的时间线索和上下文逻辑，考查学生对不同时态和语态的运用。例如，描述过去发生的环境事件可能用一般过去时或过去完成时，描述现在的环保现状用一般现在时或现在进行时，涉及到环境被破坏等情况则用被动语态。 从句引导词：可能会考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等引导词的用法。比如在 “It is the measures that/which we take to protect the environment that really matter.” 中，考查定语从句引导词 “that/which” 的用法，以及强调句的结构。 非谓语动词：考查学生对非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的理解和运用。如 “___ (reduce) pollution, we should take public transportation more often.”，需要学生根据句子逻辑和语法规则判断用 “To reduce” 表示目的。 3.逻辑与上下文理解方面 上下文线索：通过设置需要根据上下文线索才能得出答案的题目，考查学生对文章整体的理解和信息捕捉能力。如前文提到某种环境问题，后文提到解决该问题的方法，学生需要理解前后文的关联来选择合适的词汇。 逻辑关系词：考查表示因果、转折、并列、递进等逻辑关系的词汇，如 “because”“although”“and”“however” 等。学生需要根据句子之间的逻辑关系，选择正确的逻辑关系词，使文章逻辑连贯。 情感态度与主旨：文章可能会体现作者对环境保护的积极或消极态度，或者传达某种关于人与自然关系的主旨。学生需要理解作者的情感倾向和文章主旨，选择符合语境和主旨的词汇。比如作者在表达对环保行动的支持时，会使用积极意义的词汇；在批判破坏环境的行为时，会使用负面词汇。 4.文化背景与常识方面 环保知识与概念：考查学生对一些常见的环保知识和概念的了解，如 “global warming（全球变暖）”“sustainable development（可持续发展）”“ecological balance（生态平衡）” 等。学生需要知道这些概念的含义和相关背景知识，才能在文章中准确理解和运用。 文化差异与价值观：可能会涉及不同文化背景下对人与自然关系的不同看法和价值观。比如西方文化中强调人与自然的和谐共处，东方文化中也有 “天人合一” 的思想，学生需要了解这些文化差异，以便更好地理解文章内容和作者意图。 四、“人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空精练题： （24-25高二上·江西·期中）Flying over the Brazilian city of Sao Paolo, people hardly miss the 3.2-kilometer-long and 100-meter-wide green trees between the city’s busiest roads. It is known as Tiquatira Linear Park, and it is the work of a single man who has worked 1 for over 20 years. Originally, Helio da Silva was a successful manager for many years. But after 2 , he started planting trees in 2003 and hasn’t 3 since. Within the first four years of his project, he planted 5,000 trees. His impressive 4 made the government of Sao Paolo 5 his efforts and acknowledge the area as the first linear park in Sao Paulo. This 6 da Silva to continue planting trees. By 2020, the retired 7 had planted more than 25,047 trees over a 3.2-km-long area. For every 12 trees, he has planted a fruit-bearing species in the 8 of attracting birds and animals. His work 9 , as 45 types of birds have been 10 in the park. Today, the Tiquatira Linear Park 11 over 41,000 individual trees, and da Silva doesn’t plan on stopping 12 until he reaches at least 50,000 of them. Once labeled as 13 or spending most of his time planting trees in an area most people avoided, da Silva is now admired as a local hero. “My motivation comes from the trees themselves because trees give us flowers and fruits, 14 rainwater, attract birds and provide us with 15 shade and fresh air,” da Silva said. 1．A．nervously B．tirelessly C．secretly D．unwillingly 2．A．recovering B．escaping C．retiring D．waiting 3．A．stopped B．survived C．refused D．smiled 4．A．speech B．drawing C．dancing D．achievement 5．A．ignore B．doubt C．recognize D．expect 6．A．inspired B．reminded C．forced D．warned 7．A．teacher B．manager C．doctor D．farmer 8．A．order B．absence C．hope D．event 9．A．came round B．moved on C．went out D．paid off 10．A．identified B．caught C．freed D．killed 11．A．removes B．numbers C．borrows D．cuts 12．A．thinking B．smoking C．worrying D．planting 13．A．forgetful B．crazy C．rude D．lazy 14．A．create B．mix C．absorb D．clean 15．A．colorful B．artificial C．instant D．wonderful （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期中）Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal 16 on the environment, both in terms of products and materials 17 in the construction and in the functionality of the building. A sustainable design should always 18 to merge (融合) together 19 outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly 20 . This is what is at the 21 of sustainable design, the ability to 22 changes through time. Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will 23 for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are equally essential to this 24 . What’s more, sustainable building considers whether a space can be used for 25 purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Meanwhile, factors such as how easy the space can be 26 and retrofitted (翻新), and 27 the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable. Green design can often be viewed as a(n) 28 concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use 29 resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is 30 for society, businesses and the environment. 16．A．balance B．focus C．investment D．impact 17．A．wasted B．collected C．used D．distributed 18．A．happen B．seek C．refuse D．pretend 19．A．user-oriented B.financially-supported C．environmentally-preferred D．data-based 20．A．sustainable B．popular C．attractive D．different 21．A．expense B．risk C．crossroads D．core 22．A．adjust to B．refer to C．stick to D．contribute to 23．A．remain B．expand C．function D．account 24．A．project B．concept C．debate D．program 25．A．original B．recreational C．similar D．multiple 26．A．measured B．cleared C．changed D．designed 27．A．lessening B．predicting C．managing D．judging 28．A．precise B．complicated C．confusing D．imaginative 29．A．extra B．rarer C．local D．fewer 30．A．difficult B．beneficial C．affordable D．Available （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·期中）Max Han is contributing to bringing about environmental change through Youths United For Earth (YUFE). When he was 19, he 31 the grass-roots organization with his friend, Nurfatin Hamzah. The group’s aim is to create a 32 planet. Now 22, Han is a graduate student in environmental science at Yale University. He 33 in Malaysia, an Asian country. Recently I spoke with him about the 34 behind his environmental efforts. Their YUFE began, he said, with an important 35 : People are more motivated to seek change when they learn about 36 environmental issues. For example, Han noticed that many young Malaysians, aware of the 37 to polar bears, took appropriate actions. 38 , they knew little about deforestation (毁林) in Malaysia, whose effects he witnessed growing up. “We need to start localizing our climate narratives (叙述) since people are especially 39 to act upon issues that are familiar to them,” Han told me. “They’ll 40 to save the things they love.” YUFE’s mission is to 41 kids about environmental challenges and inspire collective action. Han emphasizes the vital role young people, including himself, play in 42 climate change. “Whatever we 43 in experience,” he said, “we make up for in passion.” This year, Han was awarded the Diana Award for his efforts. He has set up a program for young people 44 to careers in environmental science. Han is 45 of the necessity to protect the planet for future generations. 31．A．joined B．promoted C．founded D．expanded 32．A．larger B．better C．heavier D．smoother 33．A．grew up B．broke up C．showed up D．cheered up 34．A．result B．confusion C．principle D．inspiration 35．A．policy B．agreement C．observation D．assessment 36．A．global B．artificial C．local D．virtual 37．A．threat B．approach C．attachment D．response 38．A．Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly 39．A．likely B．unwilling C．grateful D．worthy 40．A．refuse B．prefer C．pretend D．fight 41．A．ask B．interview C．educate D．bother 42．A．addressing B．causing C．showing D．making 43．A．obey B．lack C．teach D．forget 44．A．opposed B．exposed C．addicted D．devoted 45．A．informed B．warned C．reminded D．convinced （24-25高二上·云南普洱·期中）Tired of the busy and chaotic life in Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. We wanted to lead an environmental-friendly life. None of us felt that this could be 46 where we were living and we all agreed that a(n) 47 to the country would be great for everyone. Before long we 48 looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona, a very small town of less than 1,000 people. When I called to inquire about the property, I was 49 that there was no electricity 50 in the area. What? No electricity? I almost denied the idea 51 . But what better way is there to go green? After giving it a second 52 , we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day. When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling (改造) and stayed in our motor home. We were confronted with real 53 at the time. But the frustrations just made us work harder. We slowly got things 54 and moved into the house after 38 days. While it takes us four months to adjust to live here, there are many 55 to living off the grid (电线). I think one of the most 56 lessons is teaching my kids the importance of 57 . They used to take water, power and gas for granted. We started taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while 58 our teeth. In addition, we are also trying to make other changes which include 59 the amount of trash we generate by recycling, growing our own organic vegetables and re-purposing things that we would 60 throw. 46．A．remembered B．described C．accomplished D．pointed 47．A．move B．wish C．intention D．adventure 48．A．set up B．set about C．brought down D．took down 49．A．cured B．robbed C．reminded D．informed 50．A．unavoidable B．accidental C．available D．unpredictable 51．A．immediately B．eventually C．truly D．probably 52．A．impression B．thought C．show D．stage 53．A．challenges B．coincidences C．discoveries D．memories 54．A．grabbed B．corrected C．fixed D．realized 55．A．explanations B．benefits C．suggestions D．warnings 56．A．similar B．educational C．common D．fortunate 57．A．quarrel B．conversation C．conservation D．discussion 58．A．celebrating B．communicating C．arguing D．brushing 59．A．reducing B．comforting C．instructing D．supporting 60．A．strangely B．importantly C．interestingly D．normally （23-24高二下·安徽阜阳·期末）Trends come and go. Many goods that people buy to 61 fashion end up in the rubbish bin. Now young American people are giving these things a second 62 . Called “Stoopers (旧物猎人)”, they pick up idle (闲置的) goods and 63 them. They are mainly in big cities like New York, Los Angeles and Chicago. Anne Brown, 27, is one of them. Anne first stooped in June 2022 when many residents in a community left their 64 on the street after they moved house. After that, she often “ 65 treasures” in her free time. Now her small apartment holds things redesigned from the idle goods she collected, including tables, chairs and clothing. “Though many people say stooping is like collecting 66 , for me, it’s making the best of things,” the 27-year-old digital marketer said. That’s why she wanted to 67 the trend to others. Whenever she spots goods that are 68 used and she doesn’t need them, Anne puts a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them and then posts pictures of them on her social media accounts to 69 others to pick them up. Influenced by stoopers like Anne, 16-year-old Carmen Smith from a high school in Houston fell in love with stooping. The 70 of “one man’s trash is another man’s treasure” is what attracts her most. She said since her childhood, her family, who came from India, has often told stories about how past generations 71 the period during which goods were in 72 shortage. “Frugality (节俭) has always been a traditional virtue in India,” Carmen said. Despite this, Carmen admitted that many teenagers, including herself, are sometimes 73 consumption, leading to significant waste. This realization urged her to start stooping this year. Carmen added that the first time she used paper from books 74 by students on campus to make paper roses, she felt excited. “During the process of stooping, I start to observe my surroundings, which I had 75 taken for granted (想当然),” she said. 61．A．put up with B．do away with C．be familiar with D．keep pace with 62．A．goal B．deal C．life D．rule 63．A．restrict B．reserve C．reuse D．review 64．A．belongings B．pets C．fruits D．plants 65．A．displayed B．hunted C．purchased D．buried 66．A．paper B．cloth C．money D．garbage 67．A．promote B．return C．throw D．adjust 68．A．similarly B．barely C．blindly D．secretly 69．A．forbid B．force C．guide D．order 70．A．greeting B．hobby C．diary D．philosophy 71．A．survived B．valued C．wasted D．overlooked 72．A．occasional B．serious C．temporary D．slight 73．A．sensitive to B．close to C．addicted to D．equal to 74．A．treasured B．packed C．posted D．abandoned 75．A．beneficially B．previously C．dangerously D．responsibly （23-24高二下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）Recycling can benefit not only environmental conservation but also community in surprising ways. Mateo Lange, 15, is 76 of this well. On weekends, he would sort through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum (铝) cans in his hometown, Indian River, Michigan, where he 77 a community recycling program. Mateo initiated the program when he was in the sixth grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was 78 from its establishment and faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments. Observing cans and bottles thrown everywhere along Michigan’s roads, Mateo 79 a solution. In Michigan, these cans and bottles can be collected and exchanged for cash. 80 by his father’s assistance, Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised 7,500 in a mere few weeks. This 81 success inspired Mateo to keep the endeavor going. Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, 82 at least 50 local youth groups. Equally 83 , over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise 84 on the roadside were recycled. In 2023, Mateo was 85 for his deeds and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, an honor 86 the efforts of young individuals striving to make the world a better place. When asked about the accomplishment, Mateo said, “I am happy to know that all these teams and clubs and the communities around are 87 .” Mateo believes everyone can and should be of 88 “Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world,” he 89 . “Be creative,” he adds. “Have an 90 and build on it.” 76．A．aware B．frightened C．guilty D．ashamed 77．A．ignores B．joins C．leads D．quits 78．A．absent B．fresh C．free D．distinct 79．A．objected to B．called off C．carried out D．hit upon 80．A．Touched B．Backed C．Fueled D．Puzzled 81．A．initial B．imaginary C．literary D．previous 82．A．enhancing B．restricting C．funding D．disturbing 83．A．sadly B．unfortunately C．commercially D．remarkably 84．A．blocked B．classified C．exhibited D．littered 85．A．threatened B．celebrated C．blamed D．suspected 86．A．on account of B．on behalf of C．in recognition of D．in contrast to 87．A．benefiting B．emerging C．complaining D．starving 88．A．peace B．service C．wisdom D．equality 89．A．protests B．whispers C．promises D．urges 90．A．idea B．excuse C．identity D．impact （23-24高二下·山东青岛·期末）The moment Alok first saw the forest in central India, he knew two things 91 : This forest was the most beautiful one he had ever seen. Besides, he would stop the multi-billion dollar companies with an 92 to uproot it for the coal beneath its soil. Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest and its 657 bio-diversity rich square miles were 93 , due to its massive coal deposits totaling an estimated 5. 6 billion tons. To Alok, the forest known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and 94 to local humans, animals and plants, was 95 . He wasn’t the only one to 96 this; local authorities had declared it protected earlier, but this was never a law to make it 97 . Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction (拍卖) . Alok clearly knew the result of the 98 unless everyone came together. Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya, an informal grassroots movement, 99 , teaching people about the local laws and rights available and 100 different groups together effectively. Now, Alok can 101 at the memory. His efforts has been impressive. Last month, the 43-year-old, after twelve 102 years, was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize, 103 known as the green Nobel. Alok hopes winning the prize will 104 other movements globally and once again focus attention on the forest. “Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong. We are proud to make it 105 ,” he said. 91．A．hesitantly B．eagerly C．casually D．instantly 92．A．standard B．intention C．ability D．cooperation 93．A．measured B．explored C．researched D．targeted 94．A．home B．blessing C．origin D．choice 95．A．affordable B．invaluable C．reliable D．usable 96．A．recognize B．increase C．test D．confirm 97．A．convenient B．timely C．formal D．accessible 98．A．division B．battle C．study D．attempt 99．A．grew B．happened C．requested D．varied 100．A．collecting B．funding C．linking D．supporting 101．A．rest B．smile C．quit D．stop 102．A．promoting B．expanding C．struggling D．relieving 103．A．otherwise B．thus C．somehow D．anyway 104．A．alarm B．inspire C．test D．combine 105．A．bigger B．whole C．useful D．lighter （23-24高二下·安徽·期末）You’ve probably seen a bit of garbage on the road, maybe a piece of paper. Perhaps the sight 106 you to pick up the garbage and carry it away with your own. Good for you. But what if you came across something far 107 — say, a mattress (床垫)? No one would 108 you for thinking, “I wish I could do something, but there’s no way.”, because it is a little difficult for most people. Orme, Twedt, and Dehnert found a large mattress when they took a hike last year. Instead of looking the other way, they 109 to pull it to a dump station (垃圾投放站). The 110 added days to their hike. But they didn’t 111 . They made it at last. Orme got the 112 on a hike near the Appalachian Trail (AT) while visiting his family. He picked up about a pound for every mile that day. “What about a(n) 113 clean-up of the AT?” he wondered. Soon, his friends Twedt and Dehnert gave Orme their 114 when he asked them to join him, and they 115 their campaign Packing It Out. They each 116 much in the first few days, but now, they meet little. The project was 117 , but seeing masses of garbage filling a bin instead of piling up on the trail excited Orme. They were 118 to find hikers were sending emails and texts through their website 119 the garbage they picked up themselves along the way. “We want there to be no need for us 120 ,” Orme says. 106．A．taught B．drove C．allowed D．prepared 107．A．cheaper B．lighter C．bigger D．newer 108．A．fault B．forgive C．remember D．thank 109．A．refused B．pretended C．decided D．happened 110．A．effort B．duty C．experiment D．competition 111．A．respond B．hesitate C．agree D．comment 112．A．excuse B．chance C．problem D．idea 113．A．extra B．massive C．secret D．final 114．A．permission B．approach C．judgement D．support 115．A．shared B．quit C．named D．imagined 116．A．collected B．preserved C．ignored D．produced 117．A．promising B．formal C．attractive D．tough 118．A．determined B．satisfied C．ashamed D．lucky 119．A．handing in B．checking up C．dealing with D．showing off 120．A．eventually B．temporarily C．immediately D．occasionally （23-24高二上·福建·期末）Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature. While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 121 from her painting and sculpture classes. She began to seriously consider her footprint as a(n) 122 “How can I paint landscapes if I’m   123 them?” she thought. Then she started using the refuse (垃圾) as her canvas (画布). After graduation, Mariah travelled throughout the country, 124 rubbish to bring to her studio. One day, a 125 hubcap (轮毂盖) she found by the side of the road gave her a new 126 . She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 127 the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 128 the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 129 and took a photo. It became the first in her 130 series. Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her  transformations 131 matching real-life landscapes. It’s like 132 new life into forgotten objects. Her practice 133 the principle of “leaving no trace” by 134 painting with sculpture and photography. Mariah hopes people see themselves and their own habits 135 into her works and make small changes in their everyday lives. 121．A．paper B．power C．waste D．work 122．A．artist B．cleaner C．journalist D．mechanic 123．A．exploring B．harming C．forgetting D．shaping 124．A．picking up B．learning about C．complaining of D．taking out 125．A．hidden B．lost C．new D．broken 126．A．medium B．life C．reason D．idea 127．A．damage B．connect C．form D．cross 128．A．protected B．painted C．changed D．enjoyed 129．A．range B．car C．picture D．road 130．A．outdated B．ongoing C．energy-consuming D．self-centered 131．A．from B．without C．against D．as 132．A．forcing B．breathing C．attracting D．turning 133．A．ignores B．replaces C．integrates D．highlights 134．A．surrounding B．filling C．combining D．comparing 135．A．trapped B．admitted C．added D．reflected （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期中）Are forests always created by nature? A man from India proves that this is not necessarily 136 . Abdul Kareem, who used to be an air-line ticketing agent, has a great love for the woods. 137 he never went to college, he can talk about plants and trees like an expert. In 1977, he bought a piece of 138 wasteland with the dream of growing trees on it. In the beginning, people thought he was 139 to waste his time and money on the land. But he simply ignored them and kept 140 the soil and planting trees there. The land was so dry that it had to be 141 several times a day. Kareem had to 142 the water from a source that was a kilometer away. In the first two years, none of the trees he planted 143 .However, in the third year, several young trees started growing. Greatly 144 by the result, Kareem planted more trees and his man-made forest began to 145 . Kareem let his forest grow naturally, without using any chemicals to help it grow or 146 insects. He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself. That’s 147 he did not allow fallen leaves or twigs from the forest to be removed. After years of hard work, Kareem has not only realized his dream 148 transformed a piece of deserted property into a beautiful forest as well. Today, his forest is 149 to 1,500 medicinal plants, 2,000 varieties of trees, rare birds, animals, and insects. Now, scientists from all over the world come to visit his 150 . They hope to find the secret of his success. 136．A．true B．possible C．troublesome D．important 137．A．Because B．Ever since C．Although D．As if 138．A．rich B．rocky C．green D．muddy 139．A．funny B．worried C．crazy D．brave 140．A．working on B．working out C．taking out D．taking on 141．A．turned B．watered C．dug D．covered 142．A．take B．transport C．fetch D．drive 143．A．died B．increased C．survived D．burst 144．A．surprised B．encouraged C．hurt D．moved 145．A．take shape B．take place C．lose way D．lose control 146．A．cook B．kill C．spread D．keep 147．A．how B．why C．whether D．when 148．A．but B．so C．or D．and 149．A．house B．farm C．land D．home 150．A．creature B．creation C．park D．nature （24-25高二上·广东清远·期中）Canadian firefighter Markus Pukonen is due to arrive back in his home city Toronto seven years after beginning an epic quest (漫长艰难的探险) to travel around the world. 151 that time, the adventurer walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way across 29 countries including America, Canada, Vietnam, Indonesia, etc. With various 152 under his belt previously, Pukonen had been 153 attempting this particular trip for a long time. 154 it wasn’t until he discovered that his father had just several weeks to live that he ultimately decided to take the leap. “I was fighting wildfires in Canada, and my dad called and told me that he was 155 with acute cancer,” Pukonen recalls. “I basically asked myself what I would want to be doing if I found out I was going to die in a few weeks. How can I live my life without 156 ?” After spending some time with his father who 157 six months later, Pukonen began his plans for a journey that would see him travel without 158 motorized transport. After founding the non-profit organization Routes of Change, with the aim of raising funds and awareness for small social and environmental organizations throughout his 159 , he set off from Toronto on July 13th, 2016. When asked whether the journey was 160 his father, Pukonen explains it has been about much more than that. “I’m hoping to change the way we look at the planet,” he says. “I want to help people realize we all have the potential to 161 the world and protect our planet.” Now just several months away from completing his journey, Pukonen is upping the pace so he can be back in Toronto for a welcome home party. 162 the celebration is over, he’ll be planning to write a book about his 163 journey. After rounding off (圆满结束) his unforgettable journey, Pukonen says he would love to pass the baton (接力棒) to another 164 adventurer. “I don’t want the journey to end when I finish the trip in Toronto,” he says. “I’d like to help somebody 165 the Routes of Change in their own sort of style and manner.” 151．A．During B．Before C．After D．At 152．A．risks B．explorations C．threats D．searches 153．A．calling on B．breaking down C．thinking about D．living off 154．A．Or B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．But 155．A．thought B．diagnosed C．infected D．suspected 156．A．hopes B．regrets C．blame D．happiness 157．A．passed away B．passed down C．went away D．went down 158．A．using B．hesitating C．agreeing D．pretending 159．A．career B．study C．competition D．journey 160．A．in memory of B．in return for C．in search of D．in acknowledgement of 161．A．update B．ignore C．change D．value 162．A．So B．Once C．Although D．Since 163．A．confident B．heartbreaking C．incredible D．believable 164．A．generous B．careful C．hopeful D．brave 165．A．promote B．complete C．continue D．recall （23-24高二下·云南楚雄·期末）Recycling can benefit not only environmental conservation but also community in surprising ways. Mateo Lange, 15, is 166 of this well. On weekends, he would sort through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum (铝) cans in his hometown, Indian River, Michigan, where he 167 a community recycling program. Mateo initiated the program when he was in the sixth grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was 168 from its establishment and faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments. Observing cans and bottles thrown everywhere along Michigan’s roads, Mateo 169 a solution. In Michigan, these cans and bottles can be collected and exchanged for cash. 170 by his father’s assistance, Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised $7,500 in a mere few weeks. This 171 success inspired Mateo to keep the endeavor going. Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, 172 at least 50 local youth groups. Equally 173 , over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise 174 on the roadside were recycled. In 2023, Mateo was 175 for his deeds and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, an honor 176 the efforts of young individuals striving to make the world a better place. When asked about the accomplishment, Mateo said, “I am happy to know that all these teams and clubs and the communities around are 177 .” Mateo believes everyone can and should be of 178 . “Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world,” he 179 . “Be creative,” he adds. “Have an 180 and build on it.” 166．A．frightened B．aware C．guilty D．ashamed 167．A．ignores B．joins C．leads D．quits 168．A．distinct B．absent C．free D．fresh 169．A．hit upon B．called off C．carried out D．objected to 170．A．Touched B．Backed C．Fueled D．Puzzled 171．A．previous B．imaginary C．expected D．initial 172．A．enhancing B．restricting C．funding D．disturbing 173．A．remarkably B．fortunately C．physically D．repeatedly 174．A．blocked B．littered C．exhibited D．classified 175．A．threatened B．suspected C．criticized D．celebrated 176．A．on account of B．on behalf of C．in recognition of D．in contrast to 177．A．benefiting B．emerging C．complaining D．starving 178．A．power B．service C．wisdom D．concern 179．A．protests B．whispers C．promises D．urges 180．A．idea B．excuse C．identity D．impact 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题29人与自然-环境保护 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） “人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空高频单词和短语： 一、高频单词 environment 相关： environment环境 environmental环境的 environmentalist环保主义者 1.生态类： ecology生态；生态学 ecological生态的 biodiversity生物多样性 2. 污染类：pollution污染 pollutant污染物 emission排放物；散发物 3.能源类：energy能量 renewable可再生的 non-renewable不可再生的 fossil化石、 fuel燃料 4.保护行动类：protect保护 preserve保护；保存 conserve保护；节约 sustain维持；使持续 restoration修复 5.危害类： damage 破坏；损害 destroy 破坏；摧毁 harm 伤害；损害 endanger 危及，使遭受危险 6.气候类：climate气候 climate change气候变化 global warming全球变暖 temperature温度 7.废物处理类：waste废物；垃圾 garbage垃圾 rubbish垃圾 recycle回收利用 dispose处理；处置 8.自然现象类：flood洪水 drought干旱 storm风暴 hurricane飓风 tsunami海啸 二、高频短语 1.环境保护类： environmental protection（环境保护） wildlife protection（野生动物保护） environmental conservation（环境保育） 2.与污染相关： air pollution（空气污染） water pollution（水污染） soil pollution（土壤污染） noise pollution（噪音污染） reduce pollution（减少污染） 3.能源相关： renewable energy（可再生能源） solar energy（太阳能） wind energy（风能） energy conservation（能源节约） 4.自然栖息地相关： natural habitat（自然栖息地） protected area（保护区） national park（国家公园） 5.行为动作类： take action（采取行动） make a difference（有影响；起作用） raise awareness（提高意识） set up（建立；设立） carry out（实施；执行） 6.因果关系类： due to（由于）、because of（因为） lead to（导致）、result in（导致） as a result（结果） 7.表示程度类： a great deal of（大量的） a large number of（大量的） a small amount of（少量的） to some extent（在某种程度上） 8.其他：in danger（处于危险中） on the brink of（濒临） in harmony with（与…… 和谐相处） adapt to（适应） 三、“人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空的答题技巧 在高二英语 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题的完形填空中，答题时需要从词汇、语法、语篇等多个角度综合考虑，运用多种技巧来提高答题的准确性，以下是一些具体的答题技巧： 1.词汇层面 积累固定搭配：牢记与 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题相关的常见固定搭配和习惯用法。如 “environmental protection”“solar energy”“wildlife conservation” 等，看到相关词汇组合就能快速判断其在语境中的合理性。 辨析近义词：对于意思相近但用法有别的词汇，要根据上下文语境仔细辨析。比如 “preserve”“protect” 和 “conserve” 都有 “保护” 的意思，但 “preserve” 更侧重于保存、维护使其免受破坏；“protect” 强调采取措施使免受伤害或危险；“conserve” 则更侧重于保护自然资源、节约使用等。 关注派生词：注意单词的派生形式，通过词根词缀来猜测词义和判断词性。比如 “environment” 的形容词形式 “environmental”，名词 “environmentalism（环保主义）” 以及 “environmentalists（环保主义者）” 等。 2.语法层面 分析句子结构：判断句子是简单句、复合句还是并列句，确定所缺成分在句子中的作用。如果是定语从句，要根据先行词和从句中的成分来选择合适的关系词；若是宾语从句，要注意从句的语序和连接词的使用。 确定时态语态：根据上下文的时间线索和动作的逻辑关系，确定句子的时态和语态。例如，描述过去的环境问题用一般过去时，讲述目前正在进行的环保行动用现在进行时，提到被污染的情况用被动语态等。 注意主谓一致：确保句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。尤其当主语是一些表示整体概念的集合名词或不定代词时，要判断其谓语动词的单复数形式。 3.语篇层面 重视首句：首句往往会点明主题或提供重要的背景信息，对理解全文有重要的指引作用。如首句是 “With the development of industry, the environment is facing more and more challenges.”，就可以知道文章可能围绕工业发展带来的环境挑战展开。 寻找上下文线索：注意文章中的原词复现、同义词、反义词等线索。比如前文提到 “pollution”，后文可能会用 “contamination” 来替换；或者前文说 “harmful”，后文可能会用 “beneficial” 形成对比。 把握逻辑关系：理清文章中的因果、转折、并列、递进等逻辑关系。表示因果关系的有 “because”“so”“therefore” 等；转折关系有 “but”“however”“while” 等；并列关系有 “and”“or” 等；递进关系有 “furthermore”“moreover” 等。根据这些逻辑词来判断句子之间的关系，从而选择合适的词汇。 理解段落主旨：明确每个段落的主题和功能，判断所填内容是否符合段落的逻辑和主旨。比如某段主要讲述环保措施，那么所填词汇应该与措施相关，如 “implement”“carry out” 等。 4.答题步骤 通读全文：在答题前先快速通读一遍全文，了解文章的大致内容、主题和体裁，明确文章是在讲述环境污染问题、环保行动还是生态平衡等方面的内容，对文章有一个整体的框架认识。 初选答案：根据对文章的初步理解和自己的知识储备，结合上下文语境，对每个空进行初步的选择。对于有把握的题目，直接确定答案；对于不确定的题目，先标记出来，不要花费过多时间纠结。 回读检查：完成所有填空后，将所选答案代入原文，再次通读全文，检查文章的逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、语义是否连贯。重点检查之前标记的不确定的题目，从不同角度思考，确保答案的准确性。 四、高二英语人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空考法考点 高二英语 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题的完形填空，通常在词汇、语法、逻辑和语篇理解等方面设置考点，考查学生对基础知识的掌握和综合运用能力。以下是具体的考法和考点分析： 1.词汇方面 近义词辨析：给出几个意思相近但用法或侧重点不同的单词，如 “damage”“destroy”“ruin” 都有 “破坏” 的意思，“damage” 通常指部分损坏，“destroy” 指彻底摧毁，“ruin” 更强调使某物失去价值或变得无用。要求学生根据上下文的具体语境，判断哪个词最符合文意。 固定搭配与短语：考查与 “人与自然 - 环境保护” 主题相关的固定搭配和短语的用法，如 “be concerned about（关心；担忧）”“take measures to do（采取措施做某事）”“in harmony with（与…… 和谐相处）” 等，学生需要熟悉这些搭配的含义和用法，才能准确选择。 词汇的派生与转化：通过给出一个单词的不同形式，如 “environment（名词）”“environmental（形容词）”“environmentally（副词）”，考查学生对词汇派生和转化规则的掌握，以及在具体语境中运用正确词性的能力。 2.语法方面 动词时态和语态：根据文章的时间线索和上下文逻辑，考查学生对不同时态和语态的运用。例如，描述过去发生的环境事件可能用一般过去时或过去完成时，描述现在的环保现状用一般现在时或现在进行时，涉及到环境被破坏等情况则用被动语态。 从句引导词：可能会考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等引导词的用法。比如在 “It is the measures that/which we take to protect the environment that really matter.” 中，考查定语从句引导词 “that/which” 的用法，以及强调句的结构。 非谓语动词：考查学生对非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的理解和运用。如 “___ (reduce) pollution, we should take public transportation more often.”，需要学生根据句子逻辑和语法规则判断用 “To reduce” 表示目的。 3.逻辑与上下文理解方面 上下文线索：通过设置需要根据上下文线索才能得出答案的题目，考查学生对文章整体的理解和信息捕捉能力。如前文提到某种环境问题，后文提到解决该问题的方法，学生需要理解前后文的关联来选择合适的词汇。 逻辑关系词：考查表示因果、转折、并列、递进等逻辑关系的词汇，如 “because”“although”“and”“however” 等。学生需要根据句子之间的逻辑关系，选择正确的逻辑关系词，使文章逻辑连贯。 情感态度与主旨：文章可能会体现作者对环境保护的积极或消极态度，或者传达某种关于人与自然关系的主旨。学生需要理解作者的情感倾向和文章主旨，选择符合语境和主旨的词汇。比如作者在表达对环保行动的支持时，会使用积极意义的词汇；在批判破坏环境的行为时，会使用负面词汇。 4.文化背景与常识方面 环保知识与概念：考查学生对一些常见的环保知识和概念的了解，如 “global warming（全球变暖）”“sustainable development（可持续发展）”“ecological balance（生态平衡）” 等。学生需要知道这些概念的含义和相关背景知识，才能在文章中准确理解和运用。 文化差异与价值观：可能会涉及不同文化背景下对人与自然关系的不同看法和价值观。比如西方文化中强调人与自然的和谐共处，东方文化中也有 “天人合一” 的思想，学生需要了解这些文化差异，以便更好地理解文章内容和作者意图。 四、“人与自然-环境保护”的完形填空精练题： （24-25高二上·江西·期中）Flying over the Brazilian city of Sao Paolo, people hardly miss the 3.2-kilometer-long and 100-meter-wide green trees between the city’s busiest roads. It is known as Tiquatira Linear Park, and it is the work of a single man who has worked 1 for over 20 years. Originally, Helio da Silva was a successful manager for many years. But after 2 , he started planting trees in 2003 and hasn’t 3 since. Within the first four years of his project, he planted 5,000 trees. His impressive 4 made the government of Sao Paolo 5 his efforts and acknowledge the area as the first linear park in Sao Paulo. This 6 da Silva to continue planting trees. By 2020, the retired 7 had planted more than 25,047 trees over a 3.2-km-long area. For every 12 trees, he has planted a fruit-bearing species in the 8 of attracting birds and animals. His work 9 , as 45 types of birds have been 10 in the park. Today, the Tiquatira Linear Park 11 over 41,000 individual trees, and da Silva doesn’t plan on stopping 12 until he reaches at least 50,000 of them. Once labeled as 13 or spending most of his time planting trees in an area most people avoided, da Silva is now admired as a local hero. “My motivation comes from the trees themselves because trees give us flowers and fruits, 14 rainwater, attract birds and provide us with 15 shade and fresh air,” da Silva said. 1．A．nervously B．tirelessly C．secretly D．unwillingly 2．A．recovering B．escaping C．retiring D．waiting 3．A．stopped B．survived C．refused D．smiled 4．A．speech B．drawing C．dancing D．achievement 5．A．ignore B．doubt C．recognize D．expect 6．A．inspired B．reminded C．forced D．warned 7．A．teacher B．manager C．doctor D．farmer 8．A．order B．absence C．hope D．event 9．A．came round B．moved on C．went out D．paid off 10．A．identified B．caught C．freed D．killed 11．A．removes B．numbers C．borrows D．cuts 12．A．thinking B．smoking C．worrying D．planting 13．A．forgetful B．crazy C．rude D．lazy 14．A．create B．mix C．absorb D．clean 15．A．colorful B．artificial C．instant D．wonderful 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了种树英雄达席尔瓦的故事。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它被称为Tiquatira线性公园，它是一个人不知疲倦地工作了20多年的人的作品。A. nervously紧张地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. secretly秘密地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据下文“But after  ____2____ , he started planting trees in 2003 and hasn’t  ____3____  since.”可知，它是一个人不知疲倦地工作了20多年的人的作品。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但退休后，他从2003年开始种树，从那以后就没有停止过。A. recovering恢复；B. escaping逃离；C. retiring退休；D. waiting等待。根据下文“the retired”可知，退休后，他从2003年开始种树。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但退休后，他从2003年开始种树，从那以后就没有停止过。A. stopped停止；B. survived幸存；C. refused拒绝；D. smiled微笑。根据上文“who has worked  ____1____  for over 20 years”可知，从那以后就没有停止过种树。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他令人印象深刻的成就使圣保罗政府认可了他的努力，并承认该地区是圣保罗的第一个线性公园。A. speech演讲；B. drawing绘画；C. dancing舞蹈；D. achievement成就。根据上文“people hardly miss the 3.2-kilometer-long and 100-meter-wide green trees between the city’s busiest roads”可知，这是他的成就。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他令人印象深刻的成就使圣保罗政府认可了他的努力，并承认该地区是圣保罗的第一个线性公园。A. ignore忽视；B. doubt怀疑；C. recognize认出，认可；D. expect期待。根据下文“acknowledge the area as the first linear park in Sao Paulo.”可知，他令人印象深刻的成就使圣保罗政府认可了他的努力。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激发了达席尔瓦继续植树。A. inspired启发，激励；B. reminded提醒；C. forced 迫使；D. warned警告。根据上文“acknowledge the area as the first linear park in Sao Paulo”可知，得到认可激发了达席尔瓦继续植树。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2020年，这位退休经理在3.2公里长的区域内种植了25,047多棵树。A. teacher老师；B. manager经理；C. doctor医生；D. farmer农民。根据上文“a successful manager”可知，这位退休经理在3.2公里长的区域内种植了25,047多棵树。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每种植12棵树，他就种植一种结果的树，希望能吸引鸟类和动物。A. order命令；B. absence缺席；C. hope希望；D. event事件。根据上文“he has planted a fruit-bearing species”可知，他种植结果的树，希望能吸引鸟类和动物。故选C项。 9．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的工作得到了回报，在公园里发现了45种鸟类。A. came round改变主意；B. moved on继续前进；C. went out出去；D. paid off偿还债务；回报。根据下文“as 45 types of birds have been  ____10____  in the park.”可知，他的工作得到了回报。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的工作得到了回报，在公园里发现了45种鸟类。A. identified认出，识别；B. caught抓；C. freed释放；使解脱出来；D. killed杀死。根据上文“His work  ____9____”可知，他的工作得到了回报，公园里发现了45种鸟类。故选A项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Tiquatira线性公园拥有超过41,000棵树，达席尔瓦不打算停止种植，直到他至少达到50,000棵树。A. removes移除；B. numbers总计，列入（某类）；C. borrows借用；D. cuts切割。根据下文“over 41,000 individual trees”可知，Tiquatira线性公园总计超过41,000棵树。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Tiquatira线性公园拥有超过41,000棵树，达席尔瓦不打算停止种植，直到他至少达到50,000棵树。 A. thinking思考；B. smoking吸烟；C. worrying担心；D. planting种植。根据上文“and da Silva doesn’t plan on stopping”可知，达席尔瓦不打算停止种植。故选D项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经被贴上疯子的标签，或者把大部分时间花在大多数人避开的地方种树上，达席尔瓦现在被视为当地的英雄。A. forgetful健忘的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. rude粗鲁的；D. lazy懒惰的。根据下文“spending most of his time planting trees in an area most people avoided”可知，他曾经被贴上疯子的标签。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的动力来自树木本身，因为树木给我们带来鲜花和果实，吸收雨水，吸引鸟类，为我们提供美妙的树荫和新鲜的空气，” 达席尔瓦说。A. create创造；B. mix混合；C. absorb吸收；D. clean清洁。根据常识可知，树木吸收雨水。故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我的动力来自树木本身，因为树木给我们带来鲜花和果实，吸收雨水，吸引鸟类，为我们提供美妙的树荫和新鲜的空气，” 达席尔瓦说。A. colorful富有色彩的；B. artificial人工的；C. instant立即的；D. wonderful美妙的。根据下文“fresh air”可知，树木提供美妙的树荫和新鲜的空气。故选D项。 （24-25高二上·福建厦门·期中）Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal 16 on the environment, both in terms of products and materials 17 in the construction and in the functionality of the building. A sustainable design should always 18 to merge (融合) together 19 outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly 20 . This is what is at the 21 of sustainable design, the ability to 22 changes through time. Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will 23 for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are equally essential to this 24 . What’s more, sustainable building considers whether a space can be used for 25 purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Meanwhile, factors such as how easy the space can be 26 and retrofitted (翻新), and 27 the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable. Green design can often be viewed as a(n) 28 concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use 29 resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is 30 for society, businesses and the environment. 16．A．balance B．focus C．investment D．impact 17．A．wasted B．collected C．used D．distributed 18．A．happen B．seek C．refuse D．pretend 19．A．user-oriented B．financially-supported C．environmentally-preferred D．data-based 20．A．sustainable B．popular C．attractive D．different 21．A．expense B．risk C．crossroads D．core 22．A．adjust to B．refer to C．stick to D．contribute to 23．A．remain B．expand C．function D．account 24．A．project B．concept C．debate D．program 25．A．original B．recreational C．similar D．multiple 26．A．measured B．cleared C．changed D．designed 27．A．lessening B．predicting C．managing D．judging 28．A．precise B．complicated C．confusing D．imaginative 29．A．extra B．rarer C．local D．fewer 30．A．difficult B．beneficial C．affordable D．available 【答案】 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了绿色设计（可持续设计）的理念，包括其含义、重点、以及它对社会、企业和环境的意义。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它应该对环境产生最小的影响，无论是在建筑中使用的产品和材料方面，还是在建筑的功能方面。A. balance平衡；B. focus焦点；C. investment投资；D. impact影响。根据前文“Green design is the creation of energy- efficient buildings”可知，绿色设计理念应该是对环境产生的影响最小。故选D。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wasted浪费；B. collected收集；C. used使用；D. distributed分发。根据前文的“both in terms of products and materials”以及后文的“in the construction and in the functionality of the building.”可知，此处指在建筑中使用的产品和材料，绿色设计应该对环境产生最小的影响。故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可持续设计应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。A. happen发生；B. seek寻求；C. refuse拒绝；D. pretend假装。根据后文“to merge (融合) together  ____4____  outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the building.”可知，持续设计应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。故选B。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. user-oriented以用户为中心的；B. financially-supported经济支持的；C. environmentally-preferred环境优先的；D. data-based基于数据的。根据前文“It should have a minimal  ____1____  on the environment”可知，可持续设计理念是指对环境产生最小的影响，故其应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的结果融合在一起。故选C。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑。A. sustainable可持续的；B. popular流行的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. different不同的。根据前文“如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑。”可知，一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，这才是真正的可持续建筑。故选A。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是可持续设计的核心，随着时间的推移而适应变化的能力。A. expense费用；B. risk风险；C. crossroads十字路口；D. core核心。根据前文“If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly  ____5____ .”可知，如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑即能够随着时间的推移而适应变化，这是可持续设计的核心。故选D。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. adjust to适应；B. refer to参考；C. stick to坚持；D. contribute to有助于，促成。根据前文“If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly”以及后文“through time”可知，一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑即可持续设计的核心是随着时间的推移，不断适应变化的能力。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一概念中，空间如何发挥原有功能以及未来如何利用空间同样重要。A. remain保持；B. expand扩展；C. function发挥功能；D. account解释。根据后文“how it could be used in the future”可知，在未来如何利用空间以及空间如何发挥原有功能同样重要。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. project项目；B. concept概念；C. debate辩论；D. program程序。根据前文“Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design.”可知，在绿色设计中这个概念中，面向未来的设计是设计的关键部分，其具体体现在空间将如何发挥原有功能以及在未来如何使用，二者同样重要。故选B。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，可持续建筑考虑的是一个空间是否可以在其生命周期的不同时期用于多种目的。A. original原始的；B. recreational娱乐的；C. similar相似的；D. multiple多样的。根据后文的“at different periods during its lifetime”可知，此处强调可持续建筑考虑的是一个空间能够在不同时期用于多种不同的目的。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，诸如空间的改变和改造的容易程度，以及减少建筑对环境的影响等因素将使其更具可持续性。A. measured测量；B. cleared清除；C. changed改变；D. designed设计。根据后文的“and retrofitted”可知，此处强调空间的改变和改造，二者构成并列。故选C。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lessening减少；B. predicting预测；C. managing管理；D. judging判断。根据后文的“the building will have on the environment”可知，减少建筑对环境的影响的因素，才能实现建筑物的可持续性。故选A。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计通常被视为一个复杂的概念，但实际上它很简单。A. precise精确的；B. complicated复杂的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. imaginative富有想象力的。根据后文“but it actually is simple.”可知，前后构成转折关系，虽然通常绿色设计被视为一个很复杂的概念，但实际上其很简单。故选B。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着创造更耐用、使用更少资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界。A. extra额外的；B. rarer更稀有的；C. local当地的；D. fewer更少的。根据后文“in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations.”可知，为了帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界，绿色设计应该使用更少的资源。故选D。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计对社会、企业和环境都有好处。A. difficult困难的；B. beneficial有益的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. available可获得的。根据前文“creating products that last longer and use  ____14____  resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations.”以及后文“for society, businesses and the environment.”可知，绿色设计意味着创造更耐用、使用更少资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界，因此对社会、企业和环境都有好处。故选B。 （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·期中）Max Han is contributing to bringing about environmental change through Youths United For Earth (YUFE). When he was 19, he 31 the grass-roots organization with his friend, Nurfatin Hamzah. The group’s aim is to create a 32 planet. Now 22, Han is a graduate student in environmental science at Yale University. He 33 in Malaysia, an Asian country. Recently I spoke with him about the 34 behind his environmental efforts. Their YUFE began, he said, with an important 35 : People are more motivated to seek change when they learn about 36 environmental issues. For example, Han noticed that many young Malaysians, aware of the 37 to polar bears, took appropriate actions. 38 , they knew little about deforestation (毁林) in Malaysia, whose effects he witnessed growing up. “We need to start localizing our climate narratives (叙述) since people are especially 39 to act upon issues that are familiar to them,” Han told me. “They’ll 40 to save the things they love.” YUFE’s mission is to 41 kids about environmental challenges and inspire collective action. Han emphasizes the vital role young people, including himself, play in 42 climate change. “Whatever we 43 in experience,” he said, “we make up for in passion.” This year, Han was awarded the Diana Award for his efforts. He has set up a program for young people 44 to careers in environmental science. Han is 45 of the necessity to protect the planet for future generations. 31．A．joined B．promoted C．founded D．expanded 32．A．larger B．better C．heavier D．smoother 33．A．grew up B．broke up C．showed up D．cheered up 34．A．result B．confusion C．principle D．inspiration 35．A．policy B．agreement C．observation D．assessment 36．A．global B．artificial C．local D．virtual 37．A．threat B．approach C．attachment D．response 38．A．Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly 39．A．likely B．unwilling C．grateful D．worthy 40．A．refuse B．prefer C．pretend D．fight 41．A．ask B．interview C．educate D．bother 42．A．addressing B．causing C．showing D．making 43．A．obey B．lack C．teach D．forget 44．A．opposed B．exposed C．addicted D．devoted 45．A．informed B．warned C．reminded D．convinced 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Max Han通过Youths United For Earth (YUFE)这一组织为环境改变做出的贡献。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他19岁时，他与他的朋友Nurfatin Hamzah创立了这个草根组织。A. joined加入；B. promoted促进；C. founded创立；D. expanded扩展。根据第14空前的“He has set up a program for young people”可知，此处表示Max Han与他的朋友一起创立了Youths United For Earth (YUFE)。故选C。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该组织的目标是创造一个更好的星球。A. larger更大的；B. better更好的；C. heavier更重的；D. smoother更平滑的。根据上文“Max Han is contributing to bringing about environmental change through Youths United For Earth (YUFE)”可知，这一环保组织的目标是改善地球环境，创造一个更好的星球。故选B。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在亚洲国家马来西亚长大。A. grew up长大；B. broke up分手；C. showed up出现；D. cheered up振作起来。根据下文“in Malaysia, an Asian country”以及语境可知，此处表示他在马来西亚长大。故选A。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近我与他谈论了他的环保努力背后的灵感。A. result结果；B. confusion困惑；C. principle原则；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“Their YUFE began, he said, with an important”，“People are more motivated to seek change when they learn about”和“environmental issues”可知，此处表示谈论推动他进行环保工作的灵感。故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，他们的YUFE始于一个重要的观察：当人们了解当地环境问题时，他们更有动力寻求改变。A. policy政策；B. agreement同意；C. observation观察；D. assessment评估。根据下文“People are more motivated to seek change when they learn about”和“environmental issues”可知，这是他对人们行为动机的观察。故选C。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，他们的YUFE从一个重要的观察开始：当人们了解当地的环境问题时，他们更有动力寻求改变。A. global全球的；B. artificial人造的；C. local本地的，当地的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文“For example, Han noticed that many young Malaysians”和上文“He grew up in Malaysia”可知，此处表示了解当地的环境。故选C。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，Han注意到，许多年轻的马来西亚人在了解到对北极熊的威胁后，采取了适当的行动。A. threat威胁；B. approach方法；C. attachment附属物；D. response回应。根据下文“took appropriate actions”可知，此处表示当了解到北极熊面临威胁，马来西亚的年轻人采取行动。故选A。 38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们对马来西亚的森林砍伐知之甚少，而这种影响在他成长过程中他亲眼目睹过。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly类似地。上文提到很多年轻的马来西亚人在了解到对北极熊的威胁后，采取了适当的行动，根据下文“they knew little about deforestation (毁林) in Malaysia, whose effects he witnessed growing up”可知，此处表示转折关系，空处应用however表示“然而”。故选B。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要开始本地化我们的气候叙述，因为人们特别可能对那些他们熟悉的问题采取行动。A. likely可能的；B. unwilling不情愿的；C. grateful感激的；D. worthy值得的。根据上文“For example, Han noticed that many young Malaysians, aware of the threat to polar bears, took appropriate actions”可知，此处表示人们更可能对熟悉的问题采取行动。故选A。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会为保护他们所爱的事物而斗争。A. refuse拒绝；B. prefer更喜欢；C. pretend假装；D. fight斗争。根据上文“since people are especially likely to act upon issues that are familiar to them”可知，此处表示人们会为了保护自己爱的事物斗争。故选D。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：YUFE的使命是教育孩子们了解环境挑战并激发集体行动。A. ask问；B. interview面试；C. educate教育；D. bother打扰。根据下文“kids about environmental challenges”以及语境可知，此处表示YUFE的使命是教育孩子们。故选C。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Han强调包括他自己在内的年轻人在应对气候变化方面发挥的至关重要的作用。A. addressing处理，设法解决；B. causing造成；C. showing展示；D. making制作。根据第4空后“behind his environmental efforts”可知，此处是指解决气候变化。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“无论我们在经验上缺少什么，”他说，“我们都会用热情来弥补。”A. obey遵守；B. lack缺乏；C. teach教；D. forget忘记。根据下文“we make up for in passion.”可知，此处表示在经验上的缺失会用热情来弥补。故选B。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为致力于环境科学事业的年轻人设立了一个项目。A. opposed反对的；B. exposed暴露的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. devoted忠诚的。根据第一段“Max Han is contributing to bringing about environmental change through Youths United For Earth (YUFE)”可知，这个项目是为致力于环境科学事业的年轻人而创立的，be devoted to意为“致力于”。故选D。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Han坚信为子孙后代保护地球的必要性。A. informed告知；B. warned警告；C. reminded提醒；D. convinced使信服。根据第一段“Max Han is contributing to bringing about environmental change through Youths United For Earth (YUFE)”可知，Han坚信为子孙后代保护地球的必要性，be convinced of意为“相信，确信”。故选D。 （24-25高二上·云南普洱·期中）Tired of the busy and chaotic life in Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. We wanted to lead an environmental-friendly life. None of us felt that this could be 46 where we were living and we all agreed that a(n) 47 to the country would be great for everyone. Before long we 48 looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona, a very small town of less than 1,000 people. When I called to inquire about the property, I was 49 that there was no electricity 50 in the area. What? No electricity? I almost denied the idea 51 . But what better way is there to go green? After giving it a second 52 , we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day. When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling (改造) and stayed in our motor home. We were confronted with real 53 at the time. But the frustrations just made us work harder. We slowly got things 54 and moved into the house after 38 days. While it takes us four months to adjust to live here, there are many 55 to living off the grid (电线). I think one of the most 56 lessons is teaching my kids the importance of 57 . They used to take water, power and gas for granted. We started taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while 58 our teeth. In addition, we are also trying to make other changes which include 59 the amount of trash we generate by recycling, growing our own organic vegetables and re-purposing things that we would 60 throw. 46．A．remembered B．described C．accomplished D．pointed 47．A．move B．wish C．intention D．adventure 48．A．set up B．set about C．brought down D．took down 49．A．cured B．robbed C．reminded D．informed 50．A．unavoidable B．accidental C．available D．unpredictable 51．A．immediately B．eventually C．truly D．probably 52．A．impression B．thought C．show D．stage 53．A．challenges B．coincidences C．discoveries D．memories 54．A．grabbed B．corrected C．fixed D．realized 55．A．explanations B．benefits C．suggestions D．warnings 56．A．similar B．educational C．common D．fortunate 57．A．quarrel B．conversation C．conservation D．discussion 58．A．celebrating B．communicating C．arguing D．brushing 59．A．reducing B．comforting C．instructing D．supporting 60．A．strangely B．importantly C．interestingly D．normally 【答案】 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．B 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．A 60．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家为了过上环保的生活，从内华达州的拉斯维加斯搬到了亚利桑那州的一个小镇，并描述了他们在没有电力供应的情况下所面临的挑战以及采取的一系列环保措施。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们中没有人觉得在我们住的地方能做到这一点，我们都同意搬到乡下对每个人来说都是好事。A. remembered记得；B. described描述；C. accomplished完成；D. pointed指出。根据前文“Tired of the busy and chaotic life in Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. We wanted to lead an environmental-friendly life.”可知，作者一家想过环保的生活，但是他们现在居住的地方无法满足这一愿望，即无法“完成”这一目标。故选C项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. move移动，搬家；B. wish愿望；C. intention意图；D. adventure冒险。根据前文“We wanted to lead an environmental-friendly life.”以及后文“to the country”可知，作者一家想过环保的生活，所以他们想要“搬家”到乡下。故选A项。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久，我们就开始在亚利桑那州的尤卡寻找房子，那是一个只有不到1000人的小镇。A. set up建立；B. set about开始，着手；C. brought down降低，打倒；D. took down记下，拆除。根据后文“looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona”可知，作者一家“开始”在尤卡寻找房子。故选B项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话询问房产情况时，我被告知该地区没有电力供应。A. cured治愈；B. robbed抢劫；C. reminded提醒；D. informed告知。根据后文“that there was no electricity”可知，作者被告知该地区没有电力供应。故选D项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unavoidable不可避免的；B. accidental偶然的；C. available可获得的，可用的；D. unpredictable不可预测的。根据前文“there was no electricity”可知，该地区没有电力“可供使用的”。故选C项。 51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我差点立刻就否定了这个想法。A. immediately立刻；B. eventually最终；C. truly真实地；D. probably大概。根据前文“I almost denied the idea”可知，作者差点“立刻”就否定了没有电力还要搬去那里的想法。故选A项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过再次考虑，我们决定提出报价，并在感恩节那天搬了进去。A. impression印象；B. thought思考；C. show展示；D. stage阶段。根据前文“But what better way is there to go green?”以及后文“we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day”可知，在经过“再次思考”之后，作者一家决定还是搬去那里。give it a second thought为固定短语，意为“再次考虑”。故选B项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们面临着真正的挑战。A. challenges挑战；B. coincidences巧合；C. discoveries发现；D. memories记忆。根据前文“When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling (改造) and stayed in our motor home.”以及后文“But the frustrations just made us work harder.”可知，作者一家刚搬过去时需要改造房子，且只能住在汽车房里，所以他们面临着真正的“挑战”。故选A项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们慢慢地把东西修好，38天后搬进了房子里。A. grabbed抓住；B. corrected改正；C. fixed修理；D. realized意识到。根据前文“we did some remodeling (改造)”以及后文“and moved into the house after 38 days”可知，在经过38天的努力后，作者一家把需要改造的东西都“修理”好了，然后搬进了房子里。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们花了四个月的时间来适应这里的生活，但不通电线也有很多好处。A. explanations解释；B. benefits好处；C. suggestions建议；D. warnings警告。根据后文“I think one of the most 11 lessons is teaching my kids the importance of 12 .”可知，虽然不通电线带来了很多不便，但也有很多“好处”，比如教育孩子节约资源。故选B项。 56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为最有教育意义的一课就是教育我的孩子们节约的重要性。A. similar相似的；B. educational有教育意义的；C. common共同的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据后文“lessons is teaching my kids the importance of 12 ”可知，作者认为教育孩子节约资源是“有教育意义的”。故选B项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quarrel争吵；B. conversation对话；C. conservation节约，保护；D. discussion讨论。根据后文“They used to take water, power and gas for granted. We started taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while 13 our teeth.”可知，作者一家开始节约用水、用电等，所以此处指教育孩子“节约”的重要性。故选C项。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们开始洗更快的澡，只洗满载的衣服，刷牙时关掉水龙头。A. celebrating庆祝；B. communicating交流；C. arguing争论；D. brushing刷。根据前文“turning off the water while”和后文“our teeth”可知，此处指“刷牙”时关掉水龙头以节约用水。故选D项。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们还试图做出其他改变，包括通过回收来减少我们产生的垃圾量，种植我们自己的有机蔬菜，并重新利用我们通常会扔掉的东西。A. reducing减少；B. comforting安慰；C. instructing指导；D. supporting支持。根据后文“the amount of trash we generate by recycling”可知，作者一家通过回收来“减少”产生的垃圾量。故选A项。 60．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. strangely奇怪地；B. importantly重要地；C. interestingly有趣地；D. normally正常地。根据前文“re-purposing things that we would”以及常识可知，此处指重新利用那些我们“正常”会扔掉的东西。故选D项。 （23-24高二下·安徽阜阳·期末）Trends come and go. Many goods that people buy to 61 fashion end up in the rubbish bin. Now young American people are giving these things a second 62 . Called “Stoopers (旧物猎人)”, they pick up idle (闲置的) goods and 63 them. They are mainly in big cities like New York, Los Angeles and Chicago. Anne Brown, 27, is one of them. Anne first stooped in June 2022 when many residents in a community left their 64 on the street after they moved house. After that, she often “ 65 treasures” in her free time. Now her small apartment holds things redesigned from the idle goods she collected, including tables, chairs and clothing. “Though many people say stooping is like collecting 66 , for me, it’s making the best of things,” the 27-year-old digital marketer said. That’s why she wanted to 67 the trend to others. Whenever she spots goods that are 68 used and she doesn’t need them, Anne puts a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them and then posts pictures of them on her social media accounts to 69 others to pick them up. Influenced by stoopers like Anne, 16-year-old Carmen Smith from a high school in Houston fell in love with stooping. The 70 of “one man’s trash is another man’s treasure” is what attracts her most. She said since her childhood, her family, who came from India, has often told stories about how past generations 71 the period during which goods were in 72 shortage. “Frugality (节俭) has always been a traditional virtue in India,” Carmen said. Despite this, Carmen admitted that many teenagers, including herself, are sometimes 73 consumption, leading to significant waste. This realization urged her to start stooping this year. Carmen added that the first time she used paper from books 74 by students on campus to make paper roses, she felt excited. “During the process of stooping, I start to observe my surroundings, which I had 75 taken for granted (想当然),” she said. 61．A．put up with B．do away with C．be familiar with D．keep pace with 62．A．goal B．deal C．life D．rule 63．A．restrict B．reserve C．reuse D．review 64．A．belongings B．pets C．fruits D．plants 65．A．displayed B．hunted C．purchased D．buried 66．A．paper B．cloth C．money D．garbage 67．A．promote B．return C．throw D．adjust 68．A．similarly B．barely C．blindly D．secretly 69．A．forbid B．force C．guide D．order 70．A．greeting B．hobby C．diary D．philosophy 71．A．survived B．valued C．wasted D．overlooked 72．A．occasional B．serious C．temporary D．slight 73．A．sensitive to B．close to C．addicted to D．equal to 74．A．treasured B．packed C．posted D．abandoned 75．A．beneficially B．previously C．dangerously D．responsibly 【答案】 61．D 62．C 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．D 67．A 68．B 69．C 70．D 71．A 72．B 73．C 74．D 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国年轻人中兴起的一种成为“旧物猎人”趋势，他们收集并重新利用废弃物品，给予这些物品第二次生命。文章以27岁的Anne Brown和16岁的Carmen Smith为例，讲述了她们捡拾和改造废弃物品的经历，Anne通过社交媒体推广这种趋势，而Carmen则受到这种生活方式的启发，开始关注并珍惜周围的资源。 61．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们为了赶时髦而购买的许多商品最后都被扔进了垃圾箱。A. put up with忍受；B. do away with废除；C. be familiar with熟悉；D. keep pace with跟上。根据上文“Many goods that people buy to”和下文“fashion”可推知，人们买这些商品是为了跟上潮流，也就是赶时髦。故选D。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，美国的年轻人正在赋予这些东西第二次生命。A. goal目标；B. deal交易；C. life生命；D. rule规则。根据下文“Now her small apartment holds things redesigned from the idle goods she collected, including tables, chairs and clothing.”可知，属于旧物猎人的Anne在自己的生活中再次使用这些收集来的闲置物品，因此是赋予这些东西第二次生命。故选C。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被称为“旧物猎人”，他们收集闲置物品并重新利用它们。A. restrict限制；B. reserve保留；C. reuse重新利用；D. review回顾。根据下文“Now her small apartment holds things redesigned from the idle goods she collected, including tables, chairs and clothing.”可知，属于旧物猎人的Anne在自己的生活中再次使用这些收集来的闲置物品，因此是重新利用它们。故选C。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Anne第一次弯腰捡废弃物是在2022年6月，当时一个社区的许多居民在搬家后将物品留在街上。A. belongings所有物；B. pets宠物；C. fruits水果；D. plants植物。根据下文“after they moved house”可推知，这些搬家的居民会把剩余不需要的物品留在街上。故选A。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她经常在空闲时间“寻宝”。A. displayed展示；B. hunted搜寻；C. purchased购买；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“Called “Stoopers (旧物猎人)”, they pick up idle (闲置的) goods and ___3___ them.”可知，旧物猎人会收集闲置物品，因此是在空闲时间“寻宝”。故选B。 66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位27岁的数字营销人员说：“虽然很多人说弯腰捡废弃物就像捡垃圾，但对我来说，这是在尽力而为。”A. paper纸张；B. cloth布料；C. money金钱；D. garbage垃圾。根据上文“Though many people say stooping is like collecting”和下文“for me, it’s making the best of things,”可知，此处有让步关系，Anne自己认为这是在尽力而为，很多人的想法应该是与此不同，认为弯腰捡废弃物就像捡垃圾。故选D。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么她想把这种趋势推广给其他人。A. promote推广；B. return返回；C. throw扔；D. adjust调整。根据上文“for me, it’s making the best of things”可知，Anne自己认为这是在尽力而为，因此她会想把这种趋势推广给其他人。故选A。 68．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当Anne发现几乎没有使用或者不需要的物品时，她就会在这些物品上贴上一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布它们的照片，引导别人把它们捡起来。A. similarly同样地；B. barely几乎不；C. blindly盲目地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“they pick up idle (闲置的) goods”可知，旧物猎人会收集闲置物品，因此此处指发现几乎没有使用的物品，这样的物品便于回收再利用。故选B。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当Anne发现很少使用或者不需要的物品时，她就会在这些物品上贴上一对眼球形状的贴纸，然后在她的社交媒体账户上发布它们的照片，引导别人把它们捡起来。A. forbid禁止；B. force强迫；C. guide引导；D. order命令。根据上文“Anne puts a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them and then posts pictures of them on her social media accounts”可知，Anne会在这些物品上贴上一对眼球形状的贴纸，在她的社交媒体账户上发布它们的照片，可推知她这样做的目的是引导别人把它们捡起来。故选C。 70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝藏”的哲学最吸引她。A. greeting问候；B. hobby爱好；C. diary日记；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“one man’s trash is another man’s treasure”可知，“一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝藏”是一种哲学理念。故选D。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，从她小时候起，她来自印度的家人就经常讲述过去几代人如何在物资严重短缺的时期生存下来的故事。A. survived幸存；B. valued重视；C. wasted浪费；D. overlooked忽视。根据上文“her family, who came from India, has often told stories about how past generations”和下文“the period during which goods were in ___12___ shortage”可推知，家人经常讲述的故事应该是过去几代人如何在物资短缺的时期生存下来。故选A。 72．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，从她小时候起，她来自印度的家人就经常讲述过去几代人如何在物资严重短缺的时期生存下来的故事。A. occasional偶尔的；B. serious严重的；C. temporary暂时的；D. slight轻微的。根据下文“Frugality (节俭) has always been a traditional virtue in India”可知，节俭一直是印度的传统美德，由此推知，先辈们应该是熬过物资严重短缺的时期，养成了这样的美德。故选B。 73．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，Carmen承认，包括她自己在内的许多青少年有时会沉迷于消费，导致严重的浪费。A. sensitive to对……敏感；B. close to接近；C. addicted to沉迷于；D. equal to等于。根据下文“leading to significant waste”可推知，许多青少年有时会沉迷于消费，从而导致严重的浪费。故选C。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Carmen补充说，她第一次用学生们丢弃的书本纸来做纸玫瑰时，她感到很兴奋。A. treasured珍视；B. packed打包；C. posted邮寄；D. abandoned遗弃。根据上文“Influenced by stoopers like Anne, 16-year-old Carmen Smith from a high school in Houston fell in love with stooping.”可知，Carmen也喜欢弯腰捡废弃物，因此使用的是学生们丢弃的书本纸。故选D。 75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“在弯腰捡废弃物的过程中，我开始观察周围的环境，而以前我认为这是理所当然的。”A. beneficially有益地；B. previously以前；C. dangerously危险地；D. responsibly负责地。根据上文“had”和下文“taken for granted (想当然)”可知，此处时态用了过去完成时，因此是指她以前认为这是理所当然的。故选B。 （23-24高二下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）Recycling can benefit not only environmental conservation but also community in surprising ways. Mateo Lange, 15, is 76 of this well. On weekends, he would sort through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum (铝) cans in his hometown, Indian River, Michigan, where he 77 a community recycling program. Mateo initiated the program when he was in the sixth grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was 78 from its establishment and faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments. Observing cans and bottles thrown everywhere along Michigan’s roads, Mateo 79 a solution. In Michigan, these cans and bottles can be collected and exchanged for cash. 80 by his father’s assistance, Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised 7,500 in a mere few weeks. This 81 success inspired Mateo to keep the endeavor going. Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, 82 at least 50 local youth groups. Equally 83 , over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise 84 on the roadside were recycled. In 2023, Mateo was 85 for his deeds and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, an honor 86 the efforts of young individuals striving to make the world a better place. When asked about the accomplishment, Mateo said, “I am happy to know that all these teams and clubs and the communities around are 87 .” Mateo believes everyone can and should be of 88 “Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world,” he 89 . “Be creative,” he adds. “Have an 90 and build on it.” 76．A．aware B．frightened C．guilty D．ashamed 77．A．ignores B．joins C．leads D．quits 78．A．absent B．fresh C．free D．distinct 79．A．objected to B．called off C．carried out D．hit upon 80．A．Touched B．Backed C．Fueled D．Puzzled 81．A．initial B．imaginary C．literary D．previous 82．A．enhancing B．restricting C．funding D．disturbing 83．A．sadly B．unfortunately C．commercially D．remarkably 84．A．blocked B．classified C．exhibited D．littered 85．A．threatened B．celebrated C．blamed D．suspected 86．A．on account of B．on behalf of C．in recognition of D．in contrast to 87．A．benefiting B．emerging C．complaining D．starving 88．A．peace B．service C．wisdom D．equality 89．A．protests B．whispers C．promises D．urges 90．A．idea B．excuse C．identity D．impact 【答案】 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．D 80．B 81．A 82．C 83．D 84．D 85．B 86．C 87．A 88．B 89．D 90．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Mateo Lange为了给球队筹集资金，发起了一个社区回收项目，不仅为当地很多组织筹集到资金，还保护了环境。 76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15岁的Mateo Lange很清楚这一点。A. aware知道的，意识到的；B. frightened害怕的；C. guilty内疚的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据下文“he ____2____ a community recycling program”可知，Mateo Lange创办了一个社区回收项目，故他知道回收利用有好处，故选A。 77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周末，他会在家乡密歇根的印第安河对玻璃、塑料瓶和铝罐进行分类，他在那里领导着一个社区回收项目。A. ignores忽视；B. joins加入；C. leads领导；D. quits放弃，退出。根据下文“Mateo initiated the program”可知，是Mateo发起了这个项目，故此处指他领导着一个社区回收项目，故选C。 78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这支队伍刚成立不久，面临着为参加比赛筹集资金的挑战。A. absent缺席的；B. fresh新的；C. free自由的；D. distinct不同的。根据“faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments”可知，球队需要为参加比赛筹集资金，故推知它成立不久，故选B。 79．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Mateo观察了密歇根州道路上随处可见的罐头和瓶子，想到了一个解决办法。A. objected to反对；B. called off取消；C. carried out执行，实施；D. hit upon突然有个好主意，偶然想到妙点子。结合空后的“a solution”以及下文“Mateo started a bottle and can drive”可知，此处指Mateo想到了一个解决办法，故选D。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父亲的帮助下，Mateo开始了一个关于瓶子和罐子的运动，在短短几周内筹集了7500美元。A. Touched触摸；B. Backed支持，帮助；C. Fueled给……提供燃料；D. Puzzled使困惑。结合“by his father’s assistance”可知，此处指在父亲的帮助下，故选B。 81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的成功激励着Mateo继续努力。A. initial开始的，最初的；B. imaginary想象的；C. literary文学的；D. previous以前的。根据上文“Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised 7,500 in a mere few weeks”可知，Mateo开始了一个关于瓶子和罐子的运动，在短短几周内筹集了7500美元，推知一开始就获得了成功，故选A。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，Mateo的回收工作获得了令人印象深刻的35万美元，资助了至少50个当地青年团体。A. enhancing增强，提高；B. restricting限制；C. funding资助；D. disturbing打扰。根据“$350,000”可知，此处指筹集到的35万美元资助了至少50个当地青年团体，故选C。 83．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样引人注目的是，超过200万个原本会被乱扔在路边的瓶子和罐子被回收利用。A. sadly悲伤地；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. commercially商业上地；D. remarkably非凡地，引人注目地。根据“over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise ____9____ on the roadside were recycled”可知，此处是描述该组织的成就，指同样引人注目的是，它还回收利用了很多瓶子和罐子，故选D。 84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. blocked阻塞，阻挡；B. classified分类；C. exhibited展览；D. littered乱扔。otherwise指相反的情况，此处和“recycled”相反，结合“on the roadside”可知，瓶子和罐子被回收利用，否则的话它们就会被乱扔在路边，故选D。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，Mateo因其事迹而受到称赞，并获得了著名的格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，这是一项表彰年轻人努力使世界变得更美好的荣誉。A. threatened威胁；B. celebrated赞美，颂扬；C. blamed责怪；D. suspected怀疑。根据“won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes”可知，Mateo因其保护环境的行动而受到称赞，故选B。 86．考查固定短语辨析。句意：同上。A. on account of考虑到；B. on behalf of代表；C. in recognition of承认，认可；D. in contrast to与……形成对比。根据“the efforts of young individuals striving to make the world a better place”可知，该奖项是表彰年轻人努力使世界变得更美好的一种荣誉，故选C。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及这一成就时，Mateo说：“我很高兴知道所有这些球队、俱乐部和周围的社区都从中受益。”A. benefiting受益；B. emerging出现；C. complaining抱怨；D. starving挨饿。结合上文“Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, ____7____ at least 50 local youth groups”提到资助了很多组织并回收瓶瓶罐罐可知，此处指所有这些球队、俱乐部和周围的社区都从中受益，故选A。 88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mateo相信每个人都可以也应该为他人服务。A. peace和平；B. service服务；C. wisdom智慧；D. equality平等。根据上文他的公益善行以及下文“Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world”可知，他相信每个人都可以也应该为他人服务，故选B。 89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要做一点改变世界的事，”他敦促道。A. protests抗议；B. whispers小声说，耳语；C. promises承诺；D. urges敦促，力劝。根据祈使句“Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world”表达的建议、要求语气可知，此处指他敦促每个人都付出一点努力，故选D。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一个想法并在此基础上发展。A. idea想法，主意；B. excuse借口；C. identity身份；D. impact影响。根据上文“Mateo ____4____ a solution”以及空前“Be creative”可知，此处指想一个主意，然后在此基础上发展，故选A。 （23-24高二下·山东青岛·期末）The moment Alok first saw the forest in central India, he knew two things 91 : This forest was the most beautiful one he had ever seen. Besides, he would stop the multi-billion dollar companies with an 92 to uproot it for the coal beneath its soil. Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest and its 657 bio-diversity rich square miles were 93 , due to its massive coal deposits totaling an estimated 5. 6 billion tons. To Alok, the forest known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and 94 to local humans, animals and plants, was 95 . He wasn’t the only one to 96 this; local authorities had declared it protected earlier, but this was never a law to make it 97 . Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction (拍卖) . Alok clearly knew the result of the 98 unless everyone came together. Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya, an informal grassroots movement, 99 , teaching people about the local laws and rights available and 100 different groups together effectively. Now, Alok can 101 at the memory. His efforts has been impressive. Last month, the 43-year-old, after twelve 102 years, was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize, 103 known as the green Nobel. Alok hopes winning the prize will 104 other movements globally and once again focus attention on the forest. “Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong. We are proud to make it 105 ,” he said. 91．A．hesitantly B．eagerly C．casually D．instantly 92．A．standard B．intention C．ability D．cooperation 93．A．measured B．explored C．researched D．targeted 94．A．home B．blessing C．origin D．choice 95．A．affordable B．invaluable C．reliable D．usable 96．A．recognize B．increase C．test D．confirm 97．A．convenient B．timely C．formal D．accessible 98．A．division B．battle C．study D．attempt 99．A．grew B．happened C．requested D．varied 100．A．collecting B．funding C．linking D．supporting 101．A．rest B．smile C．quit D．stop 102．A．promoting B．expanding C．struggling D．relieving 103．A．otherwise B．thus C．somehow D．anyway 104．A．alarm B．inspire C．test D．combine 105．A．bigger B．whole C．useful D．lighter 【答案】 91．D 92．B 93．D 94．A 95．B 96．A 97．C 98．B 99．A 100．C 101．B 102．C 103．A 104．B 105．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了阿洛克为保护印度中央的哈斯德奥·阿拉尼亚森林，发起保护运动，最终被授予高盛环保奖的故事。 91．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Alok一看到印度中部的森林，他立刻知道了两件事。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. casually随意地；D. instantly立刻。上文“The moment Alok first saw the forest...”中the moment引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”，两个动作几乎同时发生，所以Alok一看到森林，他立刻就知道了两件事。故选D。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，他将阻止那些意图将其连根拔起以开采其下煤炭的亿万富翁公司。A. standard标准；B. intention意图；C. ability能力；D. cooperation合作。根据上文“the multi-billion dollar companies”和下文“uproot it for the coal beneath its soil”可推知，这些大公司意图伐树采煤。故选B。 93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在2012年，由于Hasdeo Aranya森林及其657平方英里的生物多样性丰富的地区拥有约56亿吨的庞大煤炭储量，它们就成为了目标。A. measured测量；B. explored探索；C. researched研究；D. targeted把……作为目标。根据下文“due to its massive coal deposits totaling an estimated 5. 6 billion tons”可知，这片森林因为其庞大的煤炭储量而成为了开采的目标。故选D。 94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Alok来说，这片被称为恰蒂斯加尔邦之肺的森林，是当地人类、动物和植物的家园。A. home家园；B. blessing祝福；C. origin起源；D. choice选择。根据下文“local humans, animals and plants”可知，这片森林是当地人类、动物和植物的家园。故选A。 95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对Alok来说，这片被称为恰蒂斯加尔邦之肺的森林，是当地人类、动物和植物的家园，是无价的。A. affordable负担得起的；B. invaluable无价的；C. reliable可信赖的；D. usable可用的。根据上文“the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and 4 to local humans, animals and plants”可知，这片森林是恰蒂斯加尔邦之肺，是当地人类、动物和植物的家园，所以是无价的。故选B。 96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他并不是唯一一个认识到这一点的人。A. recognize认识到；B. increase增加；C. test测试；D. confirm确认。根据上文“To Alok, the forest known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and 4 to local humans, animals and plants, was 5 .”可知，Alok认识到这片森林的重要性，结合下文“local authorities had declared it protected earlier”可推知，Alok不是唯一一个认识到这片森林价值的人，当地政府也认识到其重要性。故选A。 97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地政府早些时候宣布它是受保护的，但这从来不是一项使其正式化的法律。A. convenient方便的；B. timely及时的；C. formal正式的；D. accessible可接近的。根据下文“Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction (拍卖).”可推知，当地政府对森林的保护并没有成为一项正式的法律，所以森林被拍卖了。故选C。 98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alok清楚地知道，除非大家齐心协力，否则这场斗争的结果将如何。A. division分裂；B. battle斗争；C. study研究；D. attempt尝试。根据第一段中“Besides, he would stop the multi-billion dollar companies with an 2 to uproot it for the coal beneath its soil.”和上文“Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction (拍卖).”可推知，这是Alok和大公司之间的斗争。故选B。 99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由此，“拯救Hasdeo Aranya”这一非正式的草根运动应运而生，向人们传授当地法律和可用的权利，并有效地将不同的团体联系起来。A. grew成长，出现；B. happened发生；C. requested要求；D. varied变化。根据上文“unless everyone came together”和“Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya, an informal grassroots movement”可知，为了赢得斗争，Alok发起了“拯救Hasdeo Aranya”运动，这一运动因此成长起来。故选A。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由此，“拯救Hasdeo Aranya”这一非正式的草根运动应运而生，向人们传授当地法律和可用的权利，并有效地将不同的团体联系起来。A. collecting收集；B. funding资助；C. linking联系；D. supporting支持。根据下文“different groups together”可知，这一运动把不同的团体联系了起来。故选C。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Alok可以微笑着回忆这段经历了。A. rest休息；B. smile微笑；C. quit放弃；D. stop停止。根据下文“His efforts has been impressive.”和“was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize”可知，Alok的努力取得了成效，他现在可以微笑着回忆这段经历了。故选B。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，这位43岁的男子在奋斗了12年后，被授予了戈德曼环境奖，也被称为绿色诺贝尔奖。A. promoting促进；B. expanding扩大；C. struggling奋斗；D. relieving缓解。根据上文可知，Alok一直在为了保护森林而奋斗。故选C。 103．考查副词词义辨析。句意：上个月，这位43岁的男子在奋斗了12年后，被授予了戈德曼环境奖，也被称为绿色诺贝尔奖。A. otherwise另，亦；B. thus因此；C. somehow以某种方式；D. anyway无论如何。戈德曼环境奖也被称为绿色诺贝尔，这是一种额外的信息；otherwise known as“亦称为”。故选A。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alok希望获奖能够激励全球其他运动，并再次将注意力集中在这片森林上。A. alarm警告；B. inspire激励；C. test测试；D. combine结合。根据下文“other movements globally”可推知，Alok希望自己获奖能够激励全球其他保护环境的运动。故选B。 105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Hasdeo Aranya的任何一棵树被砍伐都是错误的。我们很自豪能让它保持完整，”他说。A. bigger更大的；B. whole完整的；C. useful有用的；D. lighter更轻的。根据上文可知，Alok的努力取得了成功，保护了森林的完整。故选B。 （23-24高二下·安徽·期末）You’ve probably seen a bit of garbage on the road, maybe a piece of paper. Perhaps the sight 106 you to pick up the garbage and carry it away with your own. Good for you. But what if you came across something far 107 — say, a mattress (床垫)? No one would 108 you for thinking, “I wish I could do something, but there’s no way.”, because it is a little difficult for most people. Orme, Twedt, and Dehnert found a large mattress when they took a hike last year. Instead of looking the other way, they 109 to pull it to a dump station (垃圾投放站). The 110 added days to their hike. But they didn’t 111 . They made it at last. Orme got the 112 on a hike near the Appalachian Trail (AT) while visiting his family. He picked up about a pound for every mile that day. “What about a(n) 113 clean-up of the AT?” he wondered. Soon, his friends Twedt and Dehnert gave Orme their 114 when he asked them to join him, and they 115 their campaign Packing It Out. They each 116 much in the first few days, but now, they meet little. The project was 117 , but seeing masses of garbage filling a bin instead of piling up on the trail excited Orme. They were 118 to find hikers were sending emails and texts through their website 119 the garbage they picked up themselves along the way. “We want there to be no need for us 120 ,” Orme says. 106．A．taught B．drove C．allowed D．prepared 107．A．cheaper B．lighter C．bigger D．newer 108．A．fault B．forgive C．remember D．thank 109．A．refused B．pretended C．decided D．happened 110．A．effort B．duty C．experiment D．competition 111．A．respond B．hesitate C．agree D．comment 112．A．excuse B．chance C．problem D．idea 113．A．extra B．massive C．secret D．final 114．A．permission B．approach C．judgement D．support 115．A．shared B．quit C．named D．imagined 116．A．collected B．preserved C．ignored D．produced 117．A．promising B．formal C．attractive D．tough 118．A．determined B．satisfied C．ashamed D．lucky 119．A．handing in B．checking up C．dealing with D．showing off 120．A．eventually B．temporarily C．immediately D．occasionally 【答案】 106．B 107．C 108．A 109．C 110．A 111．B 112．D 113．B 114．D 115．C 116．A 117．D 118．B 119．D 120．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了三位登山者在徒步时发现了一张床垫，并决定将其拖到垃圾站，耗时数日。此后，他们发起了清理活动，鼓励更多人参与，并取得了显著成效。他们通过网站收到徒步者分享的垃圾清理成果，感到十分满意，并希望未来不再需要这样的活动。 106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这一幕促使你捡起垃圾，并和自己的垃圾一起带走。A. taught教；B. drove驱使；C. allowed允许；D. prepared准备。根据上文“You’ve probably seen a bit of garbage on the road, maybe a piece of paper.”可知你看到了路上的垃圾，这一幕促使你捡起垃圾并带走。故选B项。 107．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你遇到的是更大的东西，比如床垫呢？A. cheaper更便宜的；B. lighter更轻的；C. bigger更大的；D. newer更新的。根据前文“maybe a piece of paper”以及后文“a mattress”可知床垫比一张纸大得多，此处指看到更大的垃圾。故选C项。 108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人会责怪你说：“我希望我能做些什么，但没有办法。”A. fault指责，批评；B. forgive原谅；C. remember记得；D. thank感谢。根据后文“because it is a little difficult for most people”可知因为大家知道这对大多数人都有点难，所以不会有人因为你没有把它捡起来而指责你。故选A项。 109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们决定把床垫拉到垃圾投放站。A. refused拒绝；B. pretended假装；C. decided决定；D. happened发生。根据前文“I wish I could do something, but there’s no way.”以及空前“Instead of looking the other way”可知，他们的做法与大多数人不同，他们决定把床垫拖到了垃圾站。故选C项。 110．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些努力让他们的徒步旅行增加了好几天。A. effort努力；B. duty责任；C. experiment实验；D. competition比赛。根据前文“pull it to a dump station”可知这次拖去垃圾站的努力使得徒步旅行增加了好几天。故选A项。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们没5有犹豫。A. respond回应；B. hesitate犹豫；C. agree同意；D. comment评论。根据上文“The ___5___ added days to their hike.”以及后文“They made it at last.”可知，捡大垃圾使得徒步旅行增加了好几天，但他们没有犹豫做这件事。故选B项。 112．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Orme 在阿巴拉契亚步道附近徒步探亲时萌生了这个想法。A. excuse借口；B. chance机会；C. problem问题；D. idea主意。根据后文“What about a(n) ___8___ clean-up of the AT?”可知，Orme 在阿巴拉契亚步道附近有了清理步道的想法。故选D项。 113．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在阿巴拉契亚小径上进行一次大规模的清洁活动怎么样？A. extra额外的；B. massive巨大的；C. secret秘密的；D. final最后的。根据后文“seeing masses of garbage filling a bin instead of piling up on the trail excited Orme”可知这次是一个大型的清理活动。故选B项。 114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，他的朋友Twedt和Dehnert在Orme的邀请下加入了他的行列，并为他们的活动取名为“Packing It Out”。A. permission许可；B. approach方法；C. judgement判断；D. support支持。根据后文“they ___10___ their campaign Packing It Out. They each ___11___ much in the first few days”可知，Twedt和Dehnert加入了这次活动，表明他俩是支持Orme的。故选D项。 115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，他的朋友Twedt和Dehnert在Orme的邀请下加入了他的行列，并为他们的活动取名为“Packing It Out”。A. shared分享；B. quit放弃；C. named命名，把……叫作；D. imagined想象。根据后文“Packing It Out”可知这是他们给活动的命名。故选C项。 116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，他们每个人都收集了很多东西，但现在，他们几乎见不到什么东西了。A. collected收集；B. preserved保存；C. ignored忽视；D. produced生产。根据后文“the garbage they picked up themselves”可知，此处指他们每个人都收集大量垃圾。故选A项。 117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个项目很艰难，但看到大量垃圾填满垃圾桶，而不是堆积在山路上，Orme很兴奋。A. promising有前途的；B. formal正式的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. tough艰难的。根据后文“but seeing masses of garbage filling a bin instead of piling up on the trail excited Orme.”but转折连词表示前文与后文形成对立关系，可知尽管很难，但是看到大量垃圾填满垃圾桶，Orme感到很兴奋。故选D项。 118．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们感到十分满意，徒步旅行者们通过他们的网站发送电子邮件和文章，展示他们自己沿途捡起的垃圾。A. determined坚定的；B. satisfied满意的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“hikers were sending emails and texts through their website ___14___ the garbage they picked up themselves along the way.”可知徒步旅行者们通过他们的网站发送电子邮件和文本，展示他们自己沿途捡起的垃圾。这件事Orme感到很满意。故选B项。 119．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们感到十分满意，徒步旅行者们通过他们的网站发送电子邮件和文章，展示他们自己沿途捡起的垃圾。A. handing in上交；B. checking up检查；C. dealing with处理；D. showing off炫耀，展示。根据前文“sending emails and texts”可知是发送邮件和文本来展示自己捡的垃圾。故选D项。 120．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望最终不需要我们”Orme说。A. eventually最终；B. temporarily暂时；C. immediately立即；D. occasionally偶尔。根据前文“but now, they meet little”可知垃圾越来越少，Orme希望最终没有垃圾，也就不需要他们了。故选A项。 （23-24高二上·福建·期末）Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature. While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of 121 from her painting and sculpture classes. She began to seriously consider her footprint as a(n) 122 “How can I paint landscapes if I’m   123 them?” she thought. Then she started using the refuse (垃圾) as her canvas (画布). After graduation, Mariah travelled throughout the country, 124 rubbish to bring to her studio. One day, a 125 hubcap (轮毂盖) she found by the side of the road gave her a new 126 . She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to 127 the line of the mountain range that she was in. So she 128 the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real 129 and took a photo. It became the first in her 130 series. Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her  transformations 131 matching real-life landscapes. It’s like 132 new life into forgotten objects. Her practice 133 the principle of “leaving no trace” by 134 painting with sculpture and photography. Mariah hopes people see themselves and their own habits 135 into her works and make small changes in their everyday lives. 121．A．paper B．power C．waste D．work 122．A．artist B．cleaner C．journalist D．mechanic 123．A．exploring B．harming C．forgetting D．shaping 124．A．picking up B．learning about C．complaining of D．taking out 125．A．hidden B．lost C．new D．broken 126．A．medium B．life C．reason D．idea 127．A．damage B．connect C．form D．cross 128．A．protected B．painted C．changed D．enjoyed 129．A．range B．car C．picture D．road 130．A．outdated B．ongoing C．energy-consuming D．self-centered 131．A．from B．without C．against D．as 132．A．forcing B．breathing C．attracting D．turning 133．A．ignores B．replaces C．integrates D．highlights 134．A．surrounding B．filling C．combining D．comparing 135．A．trapped B．admitted C．added D．reflected 【答案】 121．C 122．A 123．B 124．A 125．D 126．D 127．C 128．B 129．A 130．B 131．C 132．B 133．D 134．C 135．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。介绍了生态艺术家Mariah Reading用艺术的方式为环保出力。她将对自然的热爱与艺术相结合，在被丢弃的垃圾上作画，创作出与周围风景相匹配的美丽山水，通过艺术作品提醒人们要环保。 121．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在鲍登学院学习艺术时，她看到了绘画和雕塑课程带来的大量浪费。A. paper纸张；B. power电力；C. waste浪费；D. work工作。根据上文“Mariah Reading is an environmentalist”以及下文“Then she started using the refuse as her canvas.”可知，玛丽亚·里丁关注环保，发现绘画和雕塑课程有大量的浪费，促使她以后选择了环保的方式来继续作画。故选C项。 122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始认真考虑自己作为一个艺术家的足迹。A. artist艺术家；B. cleaner清洁工；C. journalist记者；D. mechanic机械师。根据上文“While studying art at Bowdoin College, she saw the vast amounts of ___1___from her painting and sculpture classes.”可知，玛丽亚·里丁学习艺术，以后会成为艺术家。故选A项。 123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我伤害了风景，我怎么能画它们呢？”她想。A. exploring探索；B. harming伤害；C. forgetting遗忘；D. shaping塑造。根据上文“Mariah Reading is an environmentalist, who grew up with an early appreciation for nature.”可知，玛丽亚·里丁作为一个环保人士，不愿意在绘画过程中有破坏风景的行为。故选B项。 124．考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕业后，玛利亚周游全国，捡垃圾带到她的工作室。A. picking up捡起；B. learning about了解；C. complaining of抱怨；D.taking out拿出。根据下文“rubbish to bring to her studio”可知，玛丽亚·里丁在游历过程中看见垃圾，会把垃圾带回工作室，作画布。故选A项。 125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. hidden隐秘的；B. lost迷路的；C. new新的；D. broken破碎的。根据下文“She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off ”可知，这是个坏掉的轮毂盖。故选D项。 126．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她在路边发现的一个坏掉的轮毂盖给了她一个新的想法。A. medium媒介；B.life生活；C. reason原因；D. idea想法。根据下文“So she ___8___the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real___9___ and took a photo.”可知，她在这块轮毂盖上作画，这激发了她用垃圾作画布的想法。故选D项。 127．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到那半个轮毂盖已经破裂了，构成了她所处的山脉的线条。A. damage损坏；B. connect连接；C. form构成；D. cross交叉。根据下文“the line of the mountain range that she was in”可知，此处指这半个轮毂盖的形状，与眼前的这座山的轮廓线相似。故选C项。 128．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她在上面画了山景，在真正的山脉前举着它，拍了张照片。A. protected保护；B. painted画；C. changed改变；D.enjoyed享受。根据上文“Then she started using the refuse as her canvas”及下文“It became the first in her___9___series.”可知，玛丽亚把轮毂盖作画布，在上面画山景。故选B项。 129．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是她在上面画了山景，把它举到真正的山脉前，拍了张照片。A. range山脉；B.car汽车；C. picture图片；D. road路。根据上文“She noticed the half hubcap had cracked off to ___7___ the line of the mountain range that she was in.”可知，这半个轮毂盖的轮廓线与这个山脉的线条相似。玛丽亚把画了山景的轮毂盖与山脉同框拍照，展现它们的线条的相似性。故选A项。 130．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这变成她仍在进行的系列的第一幅画。A. outdated过时的；B.ongoing仍在进行的；C. energy-consuming耗能的；D. self-centered自我中心的。根据下文“Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations ___11___matching real-life landscapes.”可知，从轮毂盖上作第一张画开始，玛丽亚的以垃圾为画布的系列已经持续好几年了，还在进行中。故选B项。 131．考查介词词义辨析。句意：多年来，她在100多件垃圾上作画，并与现实中的景观相匹配，拍摄了她的（从垃圾到艺术的）转化。A. from来自；B. without没有；C. against以……为背景，映衬；D. as作为。根据上文“So she ___8__the mountain landscape on it and held it up in front of the real___9___ and took a photo.”可知，玛丽亚的画都依据真实的景观而作，并以实景为背景，画与实景相匹配，同框留影。故选C项。 132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像给被遗忘的东西注入新的生命。A. forcing强迫；B. breathing呼吸；C. attracting吸引；D.turning翻转 。根据下文“new life into forgotten objects”可知，她的画作像给被遗忘的东西注入新的生命。短语breathe…into…意为“注入……到……中”，这些成为画布的垃圾有了新的意义。故选B项。 133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了“不留痕迹”的原则。A. ignores忽略；B. replaces取代；C. integrates整合；D.highlights突出 。根据上文“Over the years, she has painted more than 100 pieces of rubbish and photographed her transformations___11___matching real-life landscapes.”可知，玛丽亚的“垃圾作画布”系列作品，画与实景相匹配,突出了“不留痕迹”的原则。故选D项。 134．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的做法将绘画与雕塑、摄影相结合，突出了“不留痕迹”的原则。A. surrounding包围；B. filling填充；C. combining结合；D. comparing比较。根据下文“painting with sculpture and photography”可知，玛丽亚的“垃圾作画布”系列中，绘画、雕塑和摄影相结合。故选C项。 135．考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽亚希望人们看到在她的作品中映射出的自己和自己的习惯，并在日常生活中做出小小的改变。A. trapped困住；B.admitted承认；C. added补充说；D. reflected反映。根据上文“people see themselves and their own habits”可知，这些捡来的垃圾反射着人们浪费的行为习惯，玛丽亚的作品中有着环保理念，希望人们通过看她的作品以后有所改变，变得有环保意识。故选D项。 （24-25高二上·甘肃白银·期中）Are forests always created by nature? A man from India proves that this is not necessarily 136 . Abdul Kareem, who used to be an air-line ticketing agent, has a great love for the woods. 137 he never went to college, he can talk about plants and trees like an expert. In 1977, he bought a piece of 138 wasteland with the dream of growing trees on it. In the beginning, people thought he was 139 to waste his time and money on the land. But he simply ignored them and kept 140 the soil and planting trees there. The land was so dry that it had to be 141 several times a day. Kareem had to 142 the water from a source that was a kilometer away. In the first two years, none of the trees he planted 143 .However, in the third year, several young trees started growing. Greatly 144 by the result, Kareem planted more trees and his man-made forest began to 145 . Kareem let his forest grow naturally, without using any chemicals to help it grow or 146 insects. He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself. That’s 147 he did not allow fallen leaves or twigs from the forest to be removed. After years of hard work, Kareem has not only realized his dream 148 transformed a piece of deserted property into a beautiful forest as well. Today, his forest is 149 to 1,500 medicinal plants, 2,000 varieties of trees, rare birds, animals, and insects. Now, scientists from all over the world come to visit his 150 . They hope to find the secret of his success. 136．A．true B．possible C．troublesome D．important 137．A．Because B．Ever since C．Although D．As if 138．A．rich B．rocky C．green D．muddy 139．A．funny B．worried C．crazy D．brave 140．A．working on B．working out C．taking out D．taking on 141．A．turned B．watered C．dug D．covered 142．A．take B．transport C．fetch D．drive 143．A．died B．increased C．survived D．burst 144．A．surprised B．encouraged C．hurt D．moved 145．A．take shape B．take place C．lose way D．lose control 146．A．cook B．kill C．spread D．keep 147．A．how B．why C．whether D．when 148．A．but B．so C．or D．and 149．A．house B．farm C．land D．home 150．A．creature B．creation C．park D．nature 【答案】 136．A 137．C 138．B 139．C 140．A 141．B 142．C 143．C 144．B 145．A 146．B 147．B 148．A 149．D 150．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了印度人Abdul Kareem放弃了航空票务代理的工作，在一片荒地上种植树苗，经过数年艰苦的努力，树苗开始存活，并自然成长为一片漂亮的森林。 136．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个来自印度的男人证明这不一定是真的。A. true真的；B. possible可能的；C. troublesome麻烦的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Are forests always created by nature?”和下文提到了Kareem的人造森林，故推知森林总是由大自然创造的这不一定是真的，故选A项。 137．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他从未上过大学，但他可以像专家一样谈论植物和树木。A. Because因为；B. Ever since从那时起；C. Although虽然；D. As if仿佛。根据下文“he never went to college”和“he can talk about plants and trees like an expert”之间是转折关系，用Although引导让步状语从句，故选C项。 138．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1977年，他买了一块岩石荒地，梦想在上面种树。A. rich富有的；B. rocky多岩石的；C. green绿色的；D. muddy泥泞的。根据下文“The land was so dry”可知，这块地很干燥，应是多岩石的荒地，故选B项。 139．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，人们认为他在这片土地上浪费时间和金钱是疯了。A. funny滑稽的；B. worried担心；C. crazy疯狂的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“waste his time and money on the land”可知，人们认为他在这块地上浪费时间和金钱，这种行为在别人看来是“疯狂的”，故选C项。 140．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但他就是无视他们，继续在土壤上工作并在那里种树。A. working on从事，致力于；B. working out解决；C. taking out取出；D. taking on承担。根据上文“he simply ignored them”及下文“the soil and planting trees there”可知，这里说他不理会别人的看法，继续在那里种树，故选A项。 141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：土地非常干燥，每天必须用水好几次。A. turned转动；B. watered浇水；C. dug挖；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“The land was so dry that it had to be”可知，土地很干燥，所以需要浇水，故选B项。 142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kareem不得不从一公里外的源头取水。A. take拿；B. transport运输；C. fetch取；D. drive开车。根据下文“the water from a source that was a kilometer away”可知，他需要从一公里外的水源“取来”水，故选C项。 143．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的两年里，他种的树没有一棵活下来。A. died死亡；B. increased增加；C. survived幸存；D. burst爆发。根据下文“However, in the third year, several young trees started growing.”可知，前两年，他种的树没有一棵“存活”下来，故选C项。 144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到结果的极大鼓舞，Kareem种植了更多的树木，他的人造森林开始形成。A. surprised使惊讶；B. encouraged鼓励；C. hurt受伤；D. moved感动。根据上文“several young trees started growing”及下文“by the result, Kareem planted more trees”可知，第三年有几棵小树开始生长，这个结果让他大受“鼓舞”，故选B项。 145．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：受到结果的极大鼓舞，Kareem种植了更多的树木，他的人造森林开始形成。A. take shape成形；B. take place发生；C. lose way迷路；D. lose control失控。根据上文“his man-made forest began to”可知，受到鼓舞后他种了更多的树，他的人造森林开始成形，故选A项。 146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kareem让他的森林自然生长，不使用任何化学品来帮助它生长或杀死昆虫。A. cook烹饪；B. kill杀戮；C. spread传播；D. keep保留。根据上文“without using any chemicals to help it grow or”可知，他让森林自然生长，不使用任何化学物质来帮助生长或杀死昆虫，故选B项。 147．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么他不允许移除森林中的落叶或树枝。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. when何时。根据上文“He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself.”及下文“he did not allow fallen leaves or twigs from the forest to be removed”可知，他不允许森林里的落叶或树枝被移走是因为他相信自然自我更新的能力，故选B项。 148．考查连词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，Kareem不仅实现了他的梦想，而且还将一块荒废的财产变成了一片美丽的森林。A. but但是；B. so因此；C. or或；D. and和。根据上文“Kareem has not only realized his dream”及下文“transformed a piece of deserted property into a beautiful forest as well”可知，前后为递进关系，他不仅实现了自己的梦想，而且还把一块荒地变成了美丽的森林，not only ... but (also) ... 为固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”，故选A项。 149．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，他的森林是1,500种药用植物、2,000种树木、珍稀鸟类、动物和昆虫的家园。A. house房子；B. farm农场；C. land土地；D. home家。根据下文“to 1,500 medicinal plants, 2,000 varieties of trees, rare birds, animals, and insects”可知，此处是指他的森林成了众多生物的家园，be home to为固定短语，表示“是……的家园”，故选D项。 150．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，来自世界各地的科学家前来参观他的杰作。A. creature生物；B. creation创造物，作品；C. park公园；D. nature自然。根据上文“scientists from all over the world come to visit his”可知，此处是指世界各地的科学家都来参观他的杰作，这里指他创造的森林，故选B项。 （24-25高二上·广东清远·期中）Canadian firefighter Markus Pukonen is due to arrive back in his home city Toronto seven years after beginning an epic quest (漫长艰难的探险) to travel around the world. 151 that time, the adventurer walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way across 29 countries including America, Canada, Vietnam, Indonesia, etc. With various 152 under his belt previously, Pukonen had been 153 attempting this particular trip for a long time. 154 it wasn’t until he discovered that his father had just several weeks to live that he ultimately decided to take the leap. “I was fighting wildfires in Canada, and my dad called and told me that he was 155 with acute cancer,” Pukonen recalls. “I basically asked myself what I would want to be doing if I found out I was going to die in a few weeks. How can I live my life without 156 ?” After spending some time with his father who 157 six months later, Pukonen began his plans for a journey that would see him travel without 158 motorized transport. After founding the non-profit organization Routes of Change, with the aim of raising funds and awareness for small social and environmental organizations throughout his 159 , he set off from Toronto on July 13th, 2016. When asked whether the journey was 160 his father, Pukonen explains it has been about much more than that. “I’m hoping to change the way we look at the planet,” he says. “I want to help people realize we all have the potential to 161 the world and protect our planet.” Now just several months away from completing his journey, Pukonen is upping the pace so he can be back in Toronto for a welcome home party. 162 the celebration is over, he’ll be planning to write a book about his 163 journey. After rounding off (圆满结束) his unforgettable journey, Pukonen says he would love to pass the baton (接力棒) to another 164 adventurer. “I don’t want the journey to end when I finish the trip in Toronto,” he says. “I’d like to help somebody 165 the Routes of Change in their own sort of style and manner.” 151．A．During B．Before C．After D．At 152．A．risks B．explorations C．threats D．searches 153．A．calling on B．breaking down C．thinking about D．living off 154．A．Or B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．But 155．A．thought B．diagnosed C．infected D．suspected 156．A．hopes B．regrets C．blame D．happiness 157．A．passed away B．passed down C．went away D．went down 158．A．using B．hesitating C．agreeing D．pretending 159．A．career B．study C．competition D．journey 160．A．in memory of B．in return for C．in search of D．in acknowledgement of 161．A．update B．ignore C．change D．value 162．A．So B．Once C．Although D．Since 163．A．confident B．heartbreaking C．incredible D．believable 164．A．generous B．careful C．hopeful D．brave 165．A．promote B．complete C．continue D．recall 【答案】 151．A 152．B 153．C 154．D 155．B 156．B 157．A 158．A 159．D 160．A 161．C 162．B 163．C 164．D 165．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述的是加拿大的消防员Markus Pukonen凭借非机动交通工具探险旅行的故事。 151．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，这位冒险家徒步、划独木舟、骑自行车、滑雪、划船、乘木筏和航海，游历了29个国家，包括美国、加拿大、越南、印度尼西亚等。A. During在……期间；B. Before在……之前；C. After在……之后；D. At在（某处）。根据下文的“the adventurer walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way across 29 countries including America, Canada, Vietnam, Indonesia, etc.”可知，这位冒险家利用不同的方式游历了29个国家，由此可知，此处指的是“在这期间”符合语境。故选A项。 152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pukonen之前参加过各种各样的探险活动，他一直在考虑这次特别的旅行。A. risks风险；B. explorations探险；C. threats威胁；D. searches搜查。根据上文的“the adventurer walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way across 29 countries”可知，这位探险家游历过很多地方，由此可知，此处指的是“探险”符合语境。故选B项。 153．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Pukonen之前参加过各种各样的探险活动，他一直在考虑这次特别的旅行。A. calling on号召；B. breaking down出故障；C. thinking about考虑；D. living off靠……为生。根据下文的“____4____ it wasn’t until he discovered that his father had just several weeks to live that he ultimately decided to take the leap.”可知，他最终迈出了这一步，由此可推断，此处应是一直在“考虑”这次特别的旅行。故选C项。 154．考查副词和连词词义辨析。句意：但直到他发现他的父亲只有几周的生命，他才最终决定迈出这一步。A. Or或者；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. But但是。根据上文的“Pukonen had been ____3____ attempting this particular trip for a long time.”以及下文的“it wasn’t until he discovered that his father had just several weeks to live that he ultimately decided to take the leap.”可知，上下文之间表示转折关系，所以此处使用表示转折意义的连词。故选D项。 155．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我当时正在加拿大扑灭野火，我父亲打电话告诉我，他被诊断出患有急性癌症，”Pukonen回忆说。A. thought认为；B. diagnosed诊断；C. infected感染；D. suspected怀疑。根据下文的“with acute cancer”可知，此处指的是父亲被“诊断”患有急性癌症，be diagnosed with意为“被诊断为……”。故选B项。 156．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怎样才能没有遗憾地生活呢？A. hopes希望；B. regrets后悔，遗憾；C. blame责怪；D. happiness幸福。根据语境以及上文中的“I basically asked myself what I would want to be doing if I found out I was going to die in a few weeks.”可知，在Pukonen知道父亲患有急性癌症后，问自己如果发现一周后自己就死了，该怎么做才能让自己没有“遗憾”符合语境。故选B项。 157．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在与六个月后去世的父亲待了一段时间后，Pukonen开始制定旅行计划，这次旅行将使他不使用机动交通工具。A. passed away去世；B. passed down传递；C. went away离开；D. went down下降。根据上文的“my dad called and told me that he was ____5____ with acute cancer”可知，Pukonen得知父亲患上急性癌症，结合下文的“six months later”可知，此处指的是六个月后，Pukonen的父亲应该是“去世”符合语境。故选A项。 158．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在与六个月后去世的父亲待了一段时间后，Pukonen开始制定旅行计划，这次旅行将使他不使用机动交通工具。A. using使用；B. hesitating犹豫；C. agreeing同意；D. pretending假装。第一段中“walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way”提到他徒步、划独木舟、骑自行车、滑雪、划船、乘木筏和航海，故此处应指的是不“使用”机动交通工具，符合语境。故选A项。 159．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年7月13日，他从多伦多出发，创立了非营利组织“改变之路”，目的是在旅途中为小型社会和环境组织筹集资金和提高公众意识。A. career事业；B. study学习；C. competition比赛；D. journey旅途。根据上文的“Pukonen began his plans for a journey that would see him travel without ____8____ motorized transport.”可知，开始制定旅行计划，这次旅行将使他不使用机动交通工具，由此可知，此处指的是在整个“旅途”过程中为小型社会和环境组织筹集资金和提高公众意识，符合语境。故选D项。 160．考查介词短语辨析。句意：当被问及这次旅行是否是为了纪念他的父亲时，Pukonen 解释说，这远不止于此。A. in memory of为了纪念……；B. in return for作为对……的回报；C. in search of搜寻；D. in acknowledgement of确认。结合语境以及下文的“his father”可知，Pukonen的父亲去世了，所以有人问他这次旅行是不是“为了纪念”他的父亲，符合语境。故选A项。 161．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想帮助人们意识到，我们都有潜力改变世界，保护我们的星球。A. update更新；B. ignore忽视；C. change改变；D. value器重。根据下文的“and protect our planet.”可知，此处与“保护我们的星球”为并列关系，由此可知，此处指的是“改变”世界，符合语境。故选C项。 162．考查连词词义辨析。句意：庆祝活动结束后，他就计划写一本书，记录这段不可思议的旅程。A. So所以；B. Once一旦；C. Although尽管；D. Since自从。根据下文的“the celebration is over”和“he’ll be planning to write a book…”的句意可知，此处表示的是时间，意为“一……就”符合逻辑。故选B项。 163．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：庆祝活动结束后，他将计划写一本书，记录这段不可思议的旅程。A. confident自信的；B. heartbreaking心碎的；C. incredible不可思议的；D. believable可信的。根据上文的“Canadian firefighter Markus Pukonen is due to arrive back in his home city Toronto seven years after beginning an epic quest (漫长艰难的探险) to travel around the world.”可知，加拿大消防员Pukonen开始了史诗般的环球旅行之旅，由此可知，此处指的是“不可思议的”旅行。故选C项。 164．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在完成了这次难忘的旅程后，Pukonen 说他很想把接力棒传给另一位勇敢的冒险家。A. generous慷慨的；B. careful仔细的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. brave勇敢的。根据上文的“the adventurer walked, canoed, cycled, skied, rowed, rafted and sailed his way across 29 countries including America, Canada, Vietnam, Indonesia, etc.”可知，Pukonen徒步、划独木舟、骑自行车、滑雪、划船、乘木筏和航海，游历了29个国家，这说明Pukonen是一位勇敢的冒险家，由此可知，此处指的是他想把接力棒传给另一位“勇敢的”冒险家，符合语境。故选D项。 165．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想帮助一些人以他们自己的风格和方式继续“改变之路”。A. promote促进；B. complete完成；C. continue继续；D. recall回忆。根据语境和上文的“After rounding off (圆满结束) his unforgettable journey, Pukonen says he would love to pass the baton (接力棒) to another ____14____ adventurer.”以及下文的“the Routes of Change in their own sort of style and manner.”可知，Pukonen创立了非营利组织“改变之路”（Routes of Change），他想把接力棒传给另一位“勇敢的”冒险家，由此可知，此处指的是他想帮助一些人以他们自己的风格和方式“继续”他的“改变之路”符合语境。故选C项。 （23-24高二下·云南楚雄·期末）Recycling can benefit not only environmental conservation but also community in surprising ways. Mateo Lange, 15, is 166 of this well. On weekends, he would sort through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum (铝) cans in his hometown, Indian River, Michigan, where he 167 a community recycling program. Mateo initiated the program when he was in the sixth grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was 168 from its establishment and faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments. Observing cans and bottles thrown everywhere along Michigan’s roads, Mateo 169 a solution. In Michigan, these cans and bottles can be collected and exchanged for cash. 170 by his father’s assistance, Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised $7,500 in a mere few weeks. This 171 success inspired Mateo to keep the endeavor going. Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, 172 at least 50 local youth groups. Equally 173 , over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise 174 on the roadside were recycled. In 2023, Mateo was 175 for his deeds and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, an honor 176 the efforts of young individuals striving to make the world a better place. When asked about the accomplishment, Mateo said, “I am happy to know that all these teams and clubs and the communities around are 177 .” Mateo believes everyone can and should be of 178 . “Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world,” he 179 . “Be creative,” he adds. “Have an 180 and build on it.” 166．A．frightened B．aware C．guilty D．ashamed 167．A．ignores B．joins C．leads D．quits 168．A．distinct B．absent C．free D．fresh 169．A．hit upon B．called off C．carried out D．objected to 170．A．Touched B．Backed C．Fueled D．Puzzled 171．A．previous B．imaginary C．expected D．initial 172．A．enhancing B．restricting C．funding D．disturbing 173．A．remarkably B．fortunately C．physically D．repeatedly 174．A．blocked B．littered C．exhibited D．classified 175．A．threatened B．suspected C．criticized D．celebrated 176．A．on account of B．on behalf of C．in recognition of D．in contrast to 177．A．benefiting B．emerging C．complaining D．starving 178．A．power B．service C．wisdom D．concern 179．A．protests B．whispers C．promises D．urges 180．A．idea B．excuse C．identity D．impact 【答案】 166．B 167．C 168．D 169．A 170．B 171．D 172．C 173．A 174．B 175．D 176．C 177．A 178．B 179．D 180．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是15岁的Mateo Lange 通过他的社区回收项目，不仅回收了许多瓶子和易拉罐，而且为当地青少年团体筹集了活动资金的故事。 166．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15岁的Mateo Lange很明白这一点。A. frightened害怕的；B. aware有意识的，明白；C. guilty愧疚的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文中的“On weekends, he would sort through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum (铝) cans in his hometown, Indian River, Michigan”可知，Mateo Lange总是在周末整理玻璃瓶、塑料瓶和铝罐，由此可推断，他应该是很“明白”回收利用不仅有利于环境，还有意想不到的好处。故选B项。 167．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周末，他总在家乡密西根州的Indian River整理玻璃瓶、塑料瓶和铝罐，他在那里领导着一个社区回收项目。A. ignores忽视；B. joins加入；C. leads引导；D. quits停止，戒掉。根据下文中的“Mateo initiated the program when he was in the sixth grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones.”可知，Mateo六年前发起的这个项目，由此可知，此处指的是他“领导”着社区的回收项目。故选C项。 168．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这支队伍刚成立不久，面临着为参加比赛筹集资金的挑战。A. distinct清楚的；B. absent缺席的；C. free自由的；D. fresh新出现的。根据下文中的“and faced the challenge of raising money for their travel to tournaments.”可知，该球队面临着参加比赛筹集资金的挑战，由此可推断，该球队应该是“新出现的”球队。故选D项。 169．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Mateo观察了密歇根州道路上随处可见的罐头和瓶子，想到了一个解决办法。A. hit upon突然想到；B. called off取消；C. carried out实施，执行；D. objected to反对。根据上文中的“Observing cans and bottles thrown everywhere along Michigan’s roads”可知，Mateo注意到密歇根州道路上随处可见的罐头和瓶子，结合下文指的solution可知，此处应指的是“突然想到”一个解决办法。故选A项。 170．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父亲的帮助下，Mateo 发起了一个收集瓶罐的活动，在短短几周内就筹集了7500 美元。A. Touched触动；B. Backed支持；C. Fueled 加强，刺激；D. Puzzled使迷惑。根据下文中的“Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised $7,500 in a mere few weeks.”可知，Mateo 发起了一个收集瓶罐的活动，在短短几周内就筹集了7500 美元，由此可知，此处指的是在他父亲的“支持”下，符合语境。故选B项。 171．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的成功激励着Mateo继续努力。A. previous以前的；B. imaginary虚构的；C. expected意料中的；D. initial最初的。根据上文中的“ ___5___ by his father’s assistance, Mateo started a bottle and can drive and it raised $7,500 in a mere few weeks.”可知，Mateo发起了一个收集瓶罐的活动，在短短几周内就筹集了7500美元，由此可知，此处指的是Mateo“最初的”成功。故选D项。 172．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，Mateo的回收工作获得了令人印象深刻的35万美元，资助了至少50个当地青年团体。A. enhancing提高；B. restricting限制；C. funding资助；D. disturbing打扰。根据上文中的“Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000”可知，从那以后，Mateo的回收工作获得了引人注目的35万美元，所以此处指的是这些钱“资助”至少50个青年团体，符合语境。故选C项。 173．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样引人注目的是，超过200万个原本散落在路边的瓶子和罐子被回收利用。A. remarkably引人注目地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. physically身体上地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据上文中的“Since then, Mateo’s recycling effort has obtained an impressive $350,000, ___7___ at least 50 local youth groups.”可知，回收工作获得了引人注目的35万美元，资助了至少50个青年团体，结合下文中的“over 2 million bottles and cans otherwise ___9___ on the roadside were recycled.”可知，有近200多万个瓶罐被回收，这应该是同样“引人注目的”成就。故选A项。 174．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样引人注目的是，超过200万个原本乱扔在路边的瓶子和罐子被回收利用。A. blocked阻挡；B. littered乱扔；C. exhibited展出；D. classified分类。根据语境和上文中的“over 2 million bottles and cans …were recycled.”以及otherwise和“on the roadside”可知，此处指的是这200多万个瓶罐最后都被回收利用，而这些瓶罐原本可能是“被乱扔”在路边。故选B项。 175．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，Mateo因其事迹而受到赞扬，并获得了著名的格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，这是一项表彰年轻人努力使世界变得更美好的荣誉。A. threatened威胁；B. suspected怀疑；C. criticized批评；D. celebrated赞扬。根据下文中的“and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes”可知，Mateo获得了著名的格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，由此可推断，此处指的是Mateo受到“赞扬”符合语境。故选D项。 176．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：2023年，Mateo因其事迹而受到赞扬，并获得了著名的格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，这是一项表彰年轻人努力使世界变得更美好的荣誉。A. on account of由于；B. on behalf of代表；C. in recognition of 为表彰；D. in contrast to与……形成对比。根据上文中的“In 2023, Mateo was ___10___ for his deeds and won the prestigious Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes,”可知，Mateo因其事迹而受到赞扬，并获得了著名的格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，此处是对上文内容的解释，所以此处指的是“为表彰”年轻人努力使世界变得更美好的荣誉，符合语境。故选C项。 177．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及这一成就时，Mateo说：“我很高兴知道所有这些球队、俱乐部和周围的社区都从中受益。”A. benefiting使受益；B. emerging出现；C. complaining抱怨；D. starving挨饿。根据上文中的“Recycling can benefit not only environmental conservation but also community in surprising ways.”可知，回收利用不仅使得环境受益，对社区也有意想不到的好处，由此可知，此处指的是从中“受益”符合语境。故选A项。 178．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mateo相信每个人都可以而且也应该为他人服务。A. power力量；B. service服务；C. wisdom智慧；D. concern担心。根据下文中的“Just do a little bit to make a difference to the world”可知，Mateo认为每个人只是做一点点都会对这个世界产生影响，由此可知，此处指的是每个人可以而且也应该为他人“服务”符合语境。故选B项。 179．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要做一点改变世界的事，”他呼吁道。A. protests抗议；B. whispers低语；C. promises承诺；D. urges呼吁。根据上文中的“Mateo believes everyone can and should be of  ___13___ .”可知，Mateo认为每个人都可以而且也应该为他人服务，所以此处应该是他“呼吁”人们都做一点点事情，这会对整个世界产生影响。故选D项。 180．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一个想法，然后在此基础上发展。A. idea想法；B. excuse借口；C. identity身份；D. impact重大影响。根据语境和下文中的“and build on it.”可知，Mateo观察到路边的瓶罐后有了回收利用的想法，并在父亲的帮助下取得成功，由此可知，此处指的是他呼吁人们有了“想法”就在此基础上发展下去，符合语境。故选A项。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$