精品解析：江苏省天一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期月考英语试题

江苏省天一中学2024-2025学年第一学期月考 高一英语学科 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the man late? A. The traffic was busy. B. He got up late. C. There was an accident. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A club. C. A hotel. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 4. What does the woman think of her boss? A. He is strict. B. He is patient. C. He is helpful. 5. What did the man do during his vacation? A. He watched great movies. B. He tasted new foods. C. He made some videos. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）. 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman sound in the beginning? A. Surprised. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 7. What subject did the man like the most at school? A: History. B. English. C. Physics. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where are the speakers probably? A At a cleaner’s. B. At a cafe. C. At a store. 9. How much does the woman pay? A.$46. B.$53. C.$70. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the man’s impression of Mrs. Brown? A. She was short. B. She was thin. C. She was serious. 11. What happened to Mrs. Brown yesterday? A. She was hurt by a monkey. B. She lost her bag. C. She had a car accident. 12. Who helped Mrs. Brown in the end? A. The zoo staff. B. The visitors. C. The police. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To give advice. B. To express thanks. C. To conduct an interview. 14. How did the woman feel about surfing at first? A. It was hard. B. It was boring. C. It was dangerous. 15. What does the woman’s teacher advise her to improve? A. Her balance. B. Her strength. C. Her confidence. 16. What did the woman learn from Jack? A. Swimming. B. Boating. C. Rock climbing. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably? A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A host. 18. What does the speaker say about people in a group? A. They have the same goals. B. They take different roles. C. They act similarly. 19. What is a benefit of being in a group mentioned by the speaker? A. Improving social skills. B. Getting social support. C. Reducing loneliness. 20. What does the speaker suggest doing to solve disagreements? A. Having open communication. B. Accepting others’ differences. C. Following the group rules. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Street art is always something I look out for when I travel. At the very beginning, street art was a means to share social comments or political ideas, but now it’s increasingly used in many places around the world to beautify the environment, sometimes becoming popular tourist attractions. Here’s my collection of street art around the world. Amsterdam, the Netherlands My hometown has plenty of fantastic street art. You can find some cool pieces in the Jordaan neighborhood and in the North and West parts of the city. One place you absolutely have to visit in Amsterdam is the STRAAT Museum in Amsterdam North. This museum houses huge murals created by artists from around the world in an old industrial warehouse, and is a rich addition to the Amsterdam street art scene. Bristol, United Kingdom The birthplace of Banksy, one of the world’s most famous street artists, Bristol is another of the world’s great street art cities. You can find street art across the city on buildings, streets and bridges. The annual Upfest, in the Bedminster suburb, during which artists from around the world are invited to create street art on houses and buildings, is a popular attraction. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Rio de Janeiro also has a fantastic street art scene. For the 2016 Olympic Games, the city invited famous Brazilian street artist, Kobra, to create the world’s biggest mural along the Olympic Boulevard. The result is simply amazing! Click here to see street art in Rio de Janeiro, or my photos of Rio de Janeiro. 1. Why did people create street art at first? A. To practise painting skills. B. To show social or political opinions. C. To beautify the environment. D. To draw tourists at home and abroad. 2. What is a must-see street art attraction in the author’s hometown? A. The Olympic Boulevard in Rio. B. The birthplace of Banksy in Bristol. C. The annual Upfest in Bedminster. D. The STRAAT Museum in Amsterdam. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An art website. B. A research paper. C. A travel magazine. D. A history textbook. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个国家的街头艺术景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At the very beginning, street art was a means to share social comments or political ideas, but now it’s increasingly used in many places around the world to beautify the environment, sometimes becoming popular tourist attractions.(一开始，街头艺术是一种分享社会评论或政治观点的手段，但现在它在世界各地的许多地方越来越多地用于美化环境，有时成为热门的旅游景点。)”可知，起初人们创作街头艺术是为了展示社会或政治观点。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Amsterdam, the Netherlands部分中“My hometown has plenty of fantastic street art. You can find some cool pieces in the Jordaan neighborhood and in the North and West parts of the city. One place you absolutely have to visit in Amsterdam is the STRAAT Museum in Amsterdam North.(我的家乡有很多奇妙的街头艺术。你可以在约旦附近以及城市的北部和西部找到一些很酷的东西。阿姆斯特丹北部的STRAAT博物馆是你一定要去的地方。)”可知，在作者的家乡，阿姆斯特丹的STRAAT博物馆是必看的街头艺术景点。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了三个国家的街头艺术景点，再根据文章最后一段“Click here to see  street art in Rio de Janeiro, or my photos of Rio de Janeiro.(点击这里看里约热内卢的街头艺术，或者我在里约热内卢的照片。)”可推知，本文很可能出自一个艺术网站。故选A项。 B This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties (伤亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone. Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia,” Hausfather added on Friday. Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer. Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched (派遣). 4. What are the numbers about in Paragraph 1? A. The causes of Australian fires. B. The results of Australian fires. C. The damaged areas of Australian fires. D. The property destruction of Australian fires. 5. Which of the following best explains “susceptible to” in the second paragraph? A. Very quickly to adapt to. B. Very seriously to focus on. C. Very easily to be protected against. D. Very likely to be influenced by. 6. What can we infer from Trenberth’s research? A. Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading. B. Longer dry weather contributes to global warming. C. The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising. D. Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires. 7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To provide some advice about reducing damage. B. To show the methods for controlling burns. C. To predict the seriousness of Australian fires. D. To stress the effects of Australian fires. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚森林大火的巨大破坏力，分析了大火产生并蔓延的各种原因（条件）。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第一段“This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed.”（这个季节，澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了超过1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2000所房屋被毁。）可知，其分别从过火面积、人员伤亡和财产损失（房屋损毁）等三个维度描述森林大火的巨大破坏力，本段的数字是关于“森林大火产生的严重后果”的，故选B项。 【5题详解】 短语猜测题。由第二段“Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season(加州大学伯克利分校地球分校的能源系统分析师和气候研究员泽克·豪萨福尔说，气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，并延长了高火险季节的持续时间)”可推测，气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾，more susceptible to的含义与“更易遭受……，更容易受到……影响”接近或相同，与D项“Very likely to be influenced by(很容易受……的影响)”意思相近。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段的He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.(他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增加火灾和火灾蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。)可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因，其逻辑链条是全球气候变暖导致干旱或延长干旱时间增加火灾风险，增加火灾蔓延风险。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。本题要求推断作者最后一段写作的目的意图，这一段中，气候专家强调，气候变化不是野火严重的唯一因素。土地的管理方式也会影响火灾可用燃料的数量。该段还提到“Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area.(诸如控制性燃烧和其他因素等做法可能会影响火灾对人和财产的风险，如预警系统和特定地区的开发类型。)同时，火灾管理资源分配方式改变的同时，改变这些政策有很大的潜力降低未来野火造成的损害（has great potential to limit future damage）。综上可知，作者在最后一段想要提供一些关于减少火灾损失的建议（To provide some advice about reducing damage.）。故选A项。 C Nowadays, we needn't look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we’ve already seen, even knowing every line of the script? A survey revealed rewatching films we've already seen countless times is common. Some titles were mentioned repeatedly—Back To The Future, Top Gun, and musicals like The Rain. In 2016,a website surveyed 1,169 people to list the 25 most rewatched films—with Star Wars, The Wizard of Oz and The sound of Music taking the top spots. Finding which movies we watch again and again is easy. Exactly why we do it is less clear. Obviously we love them and think they deserve our attention. One said,“Some films are what I Think ‘complete’ and are so familiar that you can stop and start at any point. They are deeply satisfying and you can lose yourself in them.” While that might explain the second, third, or fourth viewing, what keeps us coming back to a movie when we already know every detail, and there are so many other new films to choose from? One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don't have to concentrate to work out what's going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax. When faced with diverse choices, it's easier to return to an old film that we believe won t disappoint us. A psychological phenomenon, “the mere exposure effect”— in which we develop a preference for something familiar—could also be a good explanation. So the more we watch, the more we want to watch. A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we've grown—a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. Perhaps that's one of the biggest reasons why we return to films, to recall not only for a time in history but for a time in our lives. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. There are few good movies people can choose from. B. People often watch movies many times to memorize lines. C. People like to enjoy some movies once and again. D. Star Wars, Top Gun and The sound of Music are top hits. 9. The reasons why people rewatch films are as follows except that___. A. it makes viewers much more comfortable to rewatch the films. B. familiar movies can remind people of impressive experiences. C. viewers find it hard to select a better film than familiar ones. D. it is those well-produced movies that always appeal to viewers. 10. What will be discussed in the flowing paragraph? A. The connection between rewatched films and personal experiences. B. The special emotional stales when people rewatch movies. C. The recently-released films that have been revisited several times. D. The high quality the most popular movies usually offer. 11. What's the author's attitude to the phenomenon of people's rewatching films? A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Disapproving. D. Cautious. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的，文章分析了人们重看电影的背后的几点原因。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadays, we needn't look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we’ve already seen, even knowing every line of the script?(如今，我们很容易找到新东西看。那么，为什么我们中有那么多人选择看我们已经看过、甚至知道剧本的每一句台词的电影呢？)”以及第二段中“A survey revealed rewatching films we've already seen countless times is common. (一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的)”可知，人们喜欢反复欣赏一些电影。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Finding which movies we watch again and again is easy. Exactly why we do it is less clear. Obviously we love them and think they deserve our attention. (找到我们反复看的电影很容易。我们这么做的确切原因还不太清楚。显然，我们爱他们，认为他们值得我们的关注)”；倒数第三段中“One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don't have to concentrate to work out what's going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax.(一种解释是，看熟悉的东西消耗的精力更少。我们不需要集中精力来搞清楚发生了什么。相反，我们只是坐下来放松)”以及最后一段中“A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption' found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we've grown—a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed.(2012年的一项关于文化“再消费”的研究发现，重温电影也能让我们反思自己是如何成长的，这是衡量我们的生活发生了多大变化的标尺)”可知，C选项“观众发现很难选择一个比熟悉的电影更好的电影”不是人们重看电影的原因。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption' found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we've grown—a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. Perhaps that's one of the biggest reasons why we return to films, to recall not only for a time in history but for a time in our lives.( 2012年的一项关于文化“再消费”的研究发现，重温电影也能让我们反思自己是如何成长的，这是衡量我们的生活发生了多大变化的标尺。也许这是我们回归电影的最大原因之一，不仅是为了回忆历史上的一个时期，也是为了回忆我们生活中的一个时期)”可推知，接下来作者会进一步阐述重温老电影与个人经历之间的关系。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了一项调查显示，重温我们已经看过无数遍的电影是很常见的，文章分析了人们重看电影的背后的几点原因，并未发表自己的看法。可推知，作者客观陈述了这一现象并说明了一些原因，即对于人们重新看电影的现象，作者的态度是客观的。故选B。 D Does adversity (逆境) warm hearts or harden them? Recently, my graduate student Daniel and I set out to explore the relationship between adversity and compassion (同情). We conducted a study online and reached more than 200 people from all walks of life. After asking them about the hardships they faced and how often they experienced compassion, we offered them the chance to donate some of the money they were about to be paid for taking part in the study to help people in need. The result showed that those who had faced serious adversities in life feel more compassion for suffering people. And as a result, they donated more money. Now, if experiencing any type of hardship can make a person more compassionate, you might assume that the compassion would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing. Interestingly, this turns out to be dead wrong. In an article recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the Kellogg School of Management professor Loran Nordgren and his team found that the human mind refuses to work as usual when it comes to remembering its own past hardships: it regularly makes them appear to be less painful than they actually were. Therefore, recalling a bad experience in your own past may make you underestimate (低估) the difficulty of others’ challenges. You overcame it, you think; so should he. The result? You lack compassion. Our findings, taken together with those of Professor Nordgren and his team, are that living through hardships doesn’t either warm hearts or harden them; it does both. Knowing suffering in life usually enhances the compassion we feel for others, except when the suffering involves specific painful events that we know all too well. 12. Which of the following is TRUE about the author’s study? A. Those attending it had to pay for it. B. Those attending it were asked questions only. C. It is meant to encourage people to help those in need. D. It tries to reveal the relationship between adversity and compassion. 13. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. People’s compassion for suffering people. B. People’s understanding of others’ misfortune. C. The findings of Loran Nordgren and his team. D. The assumption that shared misfortune may lead to compassion. 14. What did Professor Nordgren and his team find? A. Hardships make people lost in sad memories. B. Hardships lead to people’s lack of compassion. C. People tend to remember their hardships easily. D. People suffering from adversity are easy to break down. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The Hidden Power of Compassion B. Surprising link of Adversity and Compassion C. Compassion: A Gift from Personal Adversity D. Adversity: A Pathway to Deeper Compassion 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了对逆境和同情之间关系的探索和研究，以及研究的有趣发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recently, my graduate student Daniel and I set out to explore the relationship between adversity and compassion (同情).(最近，我和我的研究生丹尼尔开始探索逆境和同情之间的关系。)”可知，作者进行这项研究是为了揭示逆境和同情之间的关系。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Now, if experiencing any type of hardship can make a person more compassionate, you might assume that the compassion would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing. Interestingly, this turns out to be dead wrong.(现在，如果经历任何类型的困难都能让一个人更有同情心，你可能会认为，当一个人经历了另一个人所面临的确切不幸时，就会有同情心。有趣的是，事实证明这是大错特错的。)”可知，this指代的是上文提到的“the compassion would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing”这一观点，即共同的不幸可能会使人产生同情这种观点。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Therefore, recalling a bad experience in your own past may make you underestimate (低估) the difficulty of others’ challenges. You overcame it, you think; so should he. The result? You lack compassion.(因此，回忆起自己过去的糟糕经历可能会让你低估他人挑战的难度。你认为，你克服了它；他也应该如此。结果如何？你缺乏同情心。)”可知， Nordgren和其团队发现：困难经历会使人缺乏同情心。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Recently, my graduate student Daniel and I set out to explore the relationship between adversity and compassion (同情).(最近，我和我的研究生丹尼尔开始探索逆境和同情之间的关系。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要通过研究讨论了逆境和同情之间的关系，逆境可以使人有同情心，但如果人们太过了解某一特定的痛苦经历，这会使人缺乏同情心，所以B项“逆境和同情心之间的惊人联系”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized boom and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer bread together with salt to their guests. ____16____ No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb. Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world. ____17____ During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. ____18____ According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. ____19____ An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解). In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists. ____20____ Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other. A. It was believed this gesture expressed rudeness. B. Bread in Russian culture is considered an important thing. C. Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings. D. Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange welcome. E. This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties. F. But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it. G. That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。俄罗斯人用面包和盐作为礼物欢迎客人，尽管看起来很奇怪，但这实际上是俄罗斯古老的传统，用于迎接重要客人，文章阐述了这个仪式背后的原因。 【16题详解】 由下文“No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb.(家里没有面包意味着没有东西可吃——没有一顿饭不包括面包。“面包是生命之杖”可能是俄罗斯最著名的谚语。)”可知本段主要阐述面包在俄罗斯的重要性；B选项“Bread in Russia culture is considered an important thing.(面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是很重要的东西。)”指出面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是很重要的东西，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world.(今天，世界上不缺盐。)”指出在现代世界上盐是不缺的；F选项“But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it.(但在古代俄罗斯，它相当昂贵，不是每个人都买得起。)”指出在古代俄罗斯盐非常贵，不是每个人能买得起的，与上文形成对比、转折关系，“Today”与“in ancient Russia”相对应；下文“During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. (17世纪中叶，盐的价格上涨在莫斯科引发了骚乱。)”承接选项F，进一步阐述在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵不是每个人能买得起的。由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 上文“During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. (17世纪中叶，盐的价格上涨在莫斯科引发了骚乱。盐税在19世纪末被完全废除，直到后来人们才买得起盐。)”说明在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵与稀缺，不是每个人都买得起的；G选项“That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests.(这就是为什么俄罗斯人在特殊场合保留它的原因，比如当他们接待客人时。)”承接上文，说明就是因为在古代俄罗斯盐非常珍贵，所以现代俄罗斯人依然在特殊场合保留放置盐的传统，上文与选项G构成因果关系，选项中的“That”指代上文阐述的内容，代词“it”指代“salt”。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat.(根据传统，穿着民族服装的女士会用毛巾上的大圆面包迎接客人，毛巾上放着一个盐瓶。客人应该小心地掰下一块面包，蘸盐，然后吃。)”描述了俄罗斯人用面包和盐来迎接客人的传统； E选项“This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties.(这表明双方之间已经建立了友谊。)”承接上文，说明在俄罗斯传统中用面包和盐来迎接客人，客人小心地掰下一块面包蘸盐吃就表明双方建立了友谊；“This”指代上文“carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat”；下文“An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解).(一个古老的信念是，如果最坏的敌人分享面包和盐，他们就会和解。)”进一步讲述在俄罗斯人传统信念中面包和盐的重要性，分享面包和盐意味着敌对双方和解。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists.(在今天的俄罗斯，这一传统仍然很受欢迎：在官方招待会上以及在为外国游客准备的餐馆中都可以看到它。)”指出在正式场合依然可以看到用面包和盐来迎接招待客人；下文“Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other.(新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包和盐欢迎他们的孩子。丈夫和妻子应该掰下一块面包，蘸盐，然后互相喂食。这表明他们准备分担生活中的任何困难，并承诺永远互相照顾。)”描述了在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包和盐欢迎他们的孩子的场景；选项C“Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings.(你经常可以在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上看到这种情况。)”指出在俄罗斯传统婚礼中经常可以看到面包蘸盐的习俗，选项中“this”与上文“this tradition”以及“It”一致，指代用面包和盐迎接客人，“traditional Russian weddings”与下文“the newlyweds”相照应。由此可知，C选项符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents’ ____21____. After all, they are more ____22____ with meals where meat is the centerpiece. Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts ____23____ our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new ____24____ dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she ____25____ both. So often, even though we’re all ____26____ at the table together, we’re eating ____27____ meals. I’ve never really ____28____ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I ____29____ asked her about it. “It is sometimes a(n) ____30____ to cook your food,” she answered. “But it is important for us to ____31____ your and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet.” She also had her question, “You don’t miss the ____32____ you grew up with?” I do. And I don’t. My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I’ve been away from home for so long, I’ve ____33____ lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I ____34____ I was wrong. Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to ____35____. 21. A. talents B. orders C. traditions D. efforts 22. A. concerned B. comfortable C. patient D. strict 23. A. planning B. cooking C. serving D. lasting 24. A. side B. meat C. local D. vegetarian 25. A. dislikes B. recommends C. desires D. loses 26. A. standing B. sitting C. lying D. kneeling 27. A. healthy B. delicious C. different D. heavy 28. A. talked B. agreed C. met D. quarreled 29. A. quickly B. gradually C. regularly D. finally 30. A. challenge B. adventure C. pleasure D. blessing 31. A. change B. honor C. balance D. follow 32. A. trouble B. stories C. family D. flavors 33. A. given away B. left behind C. got attached to D. fallen short of 34. A. forgot B. hoped C. realized D. estimated 35. A. sell B. say C. read D. eat 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因丈夫的素食传统与自己家庭饮食习惯不同而产生的文化冲突及通过沟通达成的理解与包容。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年岁的增长，我在想自己是否忽略了父母的传统。A. talents天赋；B. orders命令；C. traditions传统；D. efforts努力。根据前文提到的“vegetarian heritage(素食传统)”可知，这里指的是父母关于饮食的传统。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，他们更习惯于以肉类为主的餐食。A. concerned关心的；B. comfortable自在的；C. patient耐心的；D. strict严格的。根据语境及后文“meals where meat is the centerpiece”可知，父母更习惯于以肉为主菜的饮食方式，be comfortable with意为“对……感到愉快，对……感到舒服”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我和Sajan什么时候回家，我妈妈都会在我们到达前几周就开始计划我们的餐食。A. planning计划；B. cooking烹饪；C. serving服务；D. lasting持续。根据后文提到的“weeks before we arrive”可知，妈妈会在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划他们的餐食。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：她会研究新的素食菜肴，并储备豆类和酸奶，尽管她两者都不喜欢。A. side旁边的；B. meat肉；C. local当地的；D. vegetarian素食的。根据前文提到的“vegetarian heritage(素食传统)”和后文提到的“beans and yogurt(豆类和酸奶)”可知，这里指的是素食菜肴。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会研究新的素食菜肴，并储备豆类和酸奶，尽管她两者都不喜欢。A. dislikes不喜欢；B. recommends推荐；C. desires渴望；D. loses失去。根据前文“After all, they are more 　2　 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”及转折词though可知，妈妈不喜欢豆类和酸奶。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们都坐在餐桌旁，但我们吃的却是不同的餐食。A. standing站立；B. sitting坐；C. lying躺；D. kneeling跪下。根据后文“at the table”可知，这里指的是我们都坐在餐桌旁吃饭。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们都坐在餐桌旁，但我们吃的却是不同的餐食。A. healthy健康的；B. delicious美味的；C. different不同的；D. heavy沉重的。根据前文“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, too.”及“After all, they are more 　2　 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者父母是以肉为中心，所以吃着不同的食物。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未真正和妈妈谈过我们关系中的饮食紧张问题。A. talked谈论；B. agreed同意；C. met遇见；D. quarreled争吵。根据后文“with my mom about the food tension in our relationship”可知，作者从没有和妈妈交谈关于饮食方面的紧张关系。故选A。 29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但今年夏天早些时候，我终于向她问起了这个问题。A. quickly快速地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. regularly规律地；D. finally最后。根据前文“I’ve never really 　8　 with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”及转折词but可知，作者最终向妈妈问起了这个问题。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她回答说：“为你做饭有时是一种挑战。”A. challenge挑战；B. adventure冒险；C. pleasure乐趣；D. blessing祝福。根据后文“But it is important for us”可知，这里指的是为作者做饭对妈妈来说是一种挑战。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对我们来说，尊重你和Sajan的印度素食饮食很重要。A. change改变；B. honor尊重；C. balance平衡；D. follow跟随。根据后文“your and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet”可知，妈妈认为尊重作者和丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也有她的疑问：“你不怀念你成长过程中熟悉的味道吗？”A. trouble麻烦；B. stories故事；C. family家庭；D. flavors味道。根据后文“you grew up with”及“I do. And I don’t.”可知，妈妈问作者是否怀念小时候的味道。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但因为我已经离家很久了，我已经喜欢上了很多新的食物，印度食物已经成为我的食物。A. given away赠送；B. left behind落后；C. got attached to喜欢上；D. fallen short of达不到，缺乏。根据前文“because I’ve been away from home for so long”及后文“Indian food has become my food”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上了很多新食物。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为她会因此感到受伤，但和她交谈后，我意识到我错了。A. forgot忘记；B. hoped希望；C. realized意识到；D. estimated估计。根据后文“I was wrong”可知，和妈妈交谈后作者意识到自己的想法是错误的。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只需为我们所爱的人选择的食物留出一点空间。A. sell卖；B. say说；C. read读；D. eat吃。根据语境及前文“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，这里指的是我们应该尊重亲人的饮食习惯，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点空间去吃他们选择的食物。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In AD 79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, ____36____ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of ____37____ (it) buildings. Archaeologists (考古学家) have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool for ____38____ (understand) how Pompeii might once have looked — virtual reality (VR). Researchers Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data collected by drones (无人机) flying over the ruined Roman city to create a 3D computer reconstruction (重建) of one of its most ____39____ (impress) buildings. They then fed the reconstruction into a video game system called Unity ____40____ (make) a VR model. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings ____41____ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them. Campanaro and Landeschi asked ____42____ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye-tracking technology to record ____43____ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever design to draw attention ____44____ objects that showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called LuciusValenius Flaccus, ____45____ ring was found in the ruins. 【答案】36. was destroyed 37. its 38. understanding 39. impressive 40. to make 41. but 42. volunteers 43. exactly 44. to 45. whose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了考古学家利用虚拟现实技术重建庞贝古城的一座建筑，并通过研究参观者的视线追踪来了解古罗马人的生活体验。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：公元79年，意大利南部古罗马城市庞贝被一次火山爆发摧毁，许多建筑被埋没。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In AD 79可知，空处需用一般过去时，city和destroy之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是单数，be动词需用was。故填was destroyed。 【37题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：公元79年，意大利南部的古罗马城市庞贝被一次火山爆发摧毁，许多建筑被埋没。空处修饰名词buildings，应用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填its。 【38题详解】 考查动名词。句意：考古学家们已经观察了将近300年，但现在他们有了一个新的工具来理解庞贝可能曾经的样子——虚拟现实 (VR)。空前for是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填understanding。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：来自瑞典隆德大学的研究员丹尼罗•坎帕纳罗和贾科莫•兰德斯奇，利用无人机飞越这座被毁的罗马古城所收集的数据，重建了其最令人印象深刻的建筑之一的3D电脑模型。空处修饰名词buildings，应用形容词impressive作定语，和its most构成形容词最高级。故填impressive。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：然后，他们把这个重建模型输入到一个名为Unity的视频游戏系统中，以制作一个VR模型。句子的谓语动词为fed，空处应用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to make作目的状语。故填to make。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：这个想法不仅仅是重建建筑物，还要更多地了解古罗马人是如何体验这些地方的。根据空前not just to recreate the buildings和空后to understand a bit more可知，前后句意是递进关系，not just... but (also)... 意为“不仅仅是…… 还要……”，表示递进关系，强调除了第一个目的外，还有一个更为重要的或附加的目的，故空处需用连词but。故填but。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：坎帕纳罗和兰德斯奇请志愿者在夏天和冬天的光线中对这座房子进行虚拟游览。volunteer意为“志愿者”，是可数名词，句中表示不止一名志愿者参与了实验，空处需用其复数形式。故填volunteers。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：研究人员使用特殊的眼球追踪技术来精确记录人们看了哪些区域以及看了多久。空处修饰动词record，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：由此，研究团队得出结论，该建筑采用了巧妙的设计来吸引人们对展示主人财富和地位的物品的注意——也许是一个名叫卢修斯•瓦莱尼乌斯•弗拉库斯的人，他的戒指在废墟中被发现。draw attention to为固定短语，意为“引起对……的注意”。故填to。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：由此，研究团队得出结论，该建筑采用了巧妙的设计来吸引人们对展示主人财富和地位的物品的注意——也许是一个名叫卢修斯•瓦莱尼乌斯•弗拉库斯的人，他的戒指在废墟中被发现。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是LuciusValenius Flaccus，指人，与ring之间存在所属关系，在从句中作定语，修饰名词ring，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 第四部分 基础知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据所给句子和所学语法知识，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。注意：66-70题根据首字母填写单词，71-75题根据汉语提示填写单词，76-80题为单句语法填空。 46. When you b________ deeply, you’ll take in some fresh air. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】breathe##reathe 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当你深呼吸时，你会吸入一些新鲜空气。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词breathe，作谓语，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为you，谓语用原形。故填breathe。 47. Pakistan came into e________ as an independent country after the war. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】existence##xistence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：战后，巴基斯坦作为一个独立的国家成立了。根据句意及首字母提示，空处应填入名词existence“存在”，形成固定搭配come into existence，意为“成立，开始存在”。故填existence。 48. The photographer looked at the wonderful photo with s________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】satisfaction##atisfaction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：摄影师满意地看着这张精彩的照片。根据空格前的介词with和首字母s以及句意可知，空格处应该用名词satisfaction作宾语意为“满意”，with satisfaction“满意地”是固定搭配。故填satisfaction。 49. A________ that you are chosen to be the leader, what will you do? (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Assuming##ssuming 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：假设你被选为领导，你会怎么做？根据句意和首字母a可知，空格处应该用连词assuming“假如”引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Assuming。 50. When in college, he p________ to live with the animals and study them rather than stay in his dormitory. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】preferred##referred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在上大学时，他宁愿和动物一起生活并研究它们，也不愿留在宿舍。根据句意及首字母提示及空后“to live with the animals and study them rather than stay in his dormitory”可知，空处应用动词prefer，构成短语prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“When in college”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式。故填preferred。 51. Garbage bags are thick and use more plastic than ________ (典型的）shopping bags. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】typical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：垃圾袋很厚，比一般的购物袋使用更多的塑料。根据汉语提示和空格后的名词短语shopping bags可知，空格处应该用形容词typical作定语，修饰后面的名词短语。故填typical。 52. Everyone gave their ________ (祝贺) when Jenny won the race. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】congratulations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：珍妮赢得比赛时，每个人都表示祝贺。空处作gave的宾语，“祝贺”应用名词congratulation，且congratulation作“祝贺，贺词”使用时，通常用复数形式。故填congratulations。 53 These drawings by children might offer you some ________ (灵感).(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inspiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些儿童画也许能给你一些灵感。“灵感”为名词inspiration作宾语，不可数，故填inspiration。 54. Overhearing the conversation between the girl and her grandmother, the bus driver offered help without any ________ (犹豫). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】hesitation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：公交车司机无意中听到了女孩和奶奶的对话，毫不犹豫地伸出了援手。根据汉语提示可知应用名词hesitation，作宾语，不可数。故填hesitation。 55. Although Jack had been ill for a long time, it still came as a shock when he ________ (最后) died. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】eventually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然杰克病了很长时间，但当他最终去世时，仍然令人震惊。空处修饰died，应用副词，结合汉语提示，应用eventually。故填eventually。 56. With winter________(approach), the weather is becoming colder and colder. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】approaching 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冬天的临近，天气越来越冷。分析句子结构可知，该句中运用“with+名词+分词”独立主格结构作状语，approach与逻辑主语winter之间是主动关系，因此，此处应该使用现在分词形式approaching。故填approaching。 57. My teacher recommended ________ (read) the book before seeing the movie. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reading 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的老师建议在看电影之前先读这本书。recommend doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，所以空处应填动名词reading作宾语。故填reading。 58. When ________ (equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当配备了新的科学耕作方法时，农民可以使用更少的农田来生产更多的作物。When引导的时间状语从句省略了主语，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语farmers和equip之间是动宾关系，所以空处应用过去分词。When equipped...补充完整为When they are equipped...，省略主语和be动词。故填equipped。 59. It is reported that many a new house ________ (build) at present in the flood-stricken area. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being built 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，洪灾地区目前正在建造许多新房子。空处是从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“at present”可知，事情正在发生，时态为现在进行时，主语“many a new house”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，应使用现在进行时的被动语态，“many a +单数名词”表示“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，故be动词用is。故填is being built。 60. Two-fifths of our students ________ (admit) to the well-known university so far.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been admitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我们的学生中有五分之二被著名大学录取。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语so far判断应用现在完成时，主语students与admit之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语“Two-fifths of our students”为分数修饰复数名词，谓语动词用复数，故助动词用have。故填have been admitted。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所学短语，用其正确形式完成句子。 Lily had always been cheerful, but lately she found herself ____61____ (不知所措). The pressure of school, with its demanding assignments, looming (临近的) exams, and the need to maintain good grades, made her feel that ____62____ (消极思想笼罩着她) constantly. ____63____ (她太焦虑了以致于，用倒装句) she couldn’t stay focused in class. After class, Lily ____64____ (正准备离开教室时) she was stopped by her teacher, who expressed disappointment over her lack ofconcentration. ____65____ (感觉血液涌向她的脸), Lily lowered her head and apologized to her teacher. Lying in bed at night, she ____66____ (感到一阵悲伤) and texted her friend Sarah for help. ____67____ (应Lily的要求), Sarah decided to come to her aid. One afternoon, Sarah knocked on the door. When Lily finally ____68____ (拖着脚去开门), she was met with the sight of her smiling friend. “What’s going on?” Sarah asked gently, ____69____ (将 Lily揽在她温暖的怀里). As they sat together, Lily felt a wave of relief washed over her. “I’ve been feeling so depressed,” she said, _____70_____ (眼含泪水). 【答案】61. at a loss 62. negative thoughts hung over her 63. So anxious was she that 64. was about to leave the classroom when 65. Feeling the blood rush to her face 66. felt a wave of sadness 67. At Lily’s request 68. dragged her feet to open the door 69 pulling Lily into her warm arms 70. with tears in her eyes 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了莉莉最近因为学习压力大，情绪低落，她太焦虑了，以至于在课堂上无法集中注意力。并且下课后，老师拦住了她，对她注意力不集中表示失望，莉莉感到悲伤，让朋友萨拉来安慰自己。 【61题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：莉莉一向很开朗，但最近她感到不知所措。根据汉语提示“不知所措”可知短语at a loss，作宾补。故填at a loss。 【62题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：学校的压力，繁重的作业，迫在眉睫的考试，以及保持好成绩的需要，让她感到消极的想法不断地笼罩着她。根据汉语提示“消极思想”可知短语为negative thoughts；表示“笼罩着她”用hang over her，根据上文made可知为一般过去时。故填negative thoughts hung over her。 【63题详解】 考查倒装句。句意：她太焦虑了，以至于在课堂上无法集中注意力。根据汉语提示“焦虑”可知用形容词anxious，作表语，此处为so…that…引导结果状语，且so+表语位于句首用倒装句，be动词提前，结合语境发生在过去用一般过去时，谓语用单数，首字母大写。故填So anxious was she that。 【64题详解】 考查固定句型和时态。句意：下课后，莉莉正要离开教室，这时她的老师拦住了她，老师对她注意力不集中表示失望。根据汉语提示“正要……这时”可知句型为be about to do sth. when…；表示“离开教室”短语为leave the classroom，结合语境发生在过去用一般过去时，谓语用单数，故填was about to leave the classroom when。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：莉莉感到脸红了，低下头向老师道歉。根据汉语提示“感到”可知用动词feel，与Lily构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表示“血液涌向她的脸”可用the blood rush to her face。首字母大写。故填Feeling the blood rush to her face。 【66题详解】 考查短语和时态。句意：晚上躺在床上，她感到一阵悲伤，给她的朋友萨拉发短信寻求帮助。根据汉语提示“感到”可知用动词feel，作谓语，结合后文texted可知为一般过去时，表示“一阵悲伤”为a wave of sadness。故填felt a wave of sadness。 【67题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：应莉莉的请求，萨拉决定来帮助她。根据汉语提示“应某人要求”可知短语为at one’s request，首字母大写。故填At Lily’s request。 【68题详解】 考查短语和时态。句意：当莉莉终于拖着脚打开门时，她看到了她微笑的朋友。根据汉语提示“拖着脚去开门”可知用drag her feet to open the door，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填dragged her feet to open the door。 【69题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“发生什么事了？”萨拉轻轻地问，把莉莉拉进她温暖的怀里。根据汉语提示“将 Lily揽在她温暖的怀里”可知可用短语pull sb. into her warm arms，与Sarah构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填pulling Lily into her warm arms。 【70题详解】 考查短语。句意：“我一直感到很沮丧，”她说，眼里含着泪水。根据汉语提示“眼含泪水”可知用with的复合结构，为with tears in her eyes，故填with tears in her eyes。 第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体，计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你征询建议。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1.推荐的运动； 2.推荐的理由。 注意：1.词数不少于50； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I am glad to learn that you would like to exercise to keep fit. I believe running is the best choice. My reasons are as follows. First of all, the physical benefits from running have long been recognized as it helps increase the body’s flow of blood and oxygen, which thus strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of diseases. What’s more, running can certainly become a long-term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily and flexibly be added to your schedule. Last but not least, running can improve one’s mood and particularly provide relief from pain or tension. Therefore, you can also achieve mental well-being if you take up running as a hobby. All in all, I’d like to recommend running as a sport that you can do regularly. Why not give it a try? Just put on your trainers and get started. Then keep going. I’m sure you will get a lot out of running. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体，计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你征询建议。请你给他回复邮件。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 内容包括： 1.推荐的运动； 2.推荐的理由。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） keep fit；as follows；benefits from；what’s more；last but not least；take up；all in all 第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句） 1.First of all, the physical benefits from running have long been recognized as it helps increase the body’s flow of blood and oxygen, which thus strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of diseases. 2. What’s more, running can certainly become a long-term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily and flexibly be added to your schedule. 3. Therefore, you can also achieve mental well-being if you take up running as a hobby. 4. Why not give it a try? 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Last but not least 2.表并列补充关系：What is more 3.表因果关系： Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型1] First of all, the physical benefits from running have long been recognized as it helps increase the body’s flow of blood and oxygen, which thus strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of diseases.句中含as引导的原因状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句。 [高分句型2] What’s more, running can certainly become a long-term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily and flexibly be added to your schedule.句中含情态动词的被动语态和since引导的原因状语从句。 [高分句型3] Therefore, you can also achieve mental well-being if you take up running as a hobby.句中含if引导的条件状语从句。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省天一中学2024-2025学年第一学期月考 高一英语学科 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the man late? A. The traffic was busy. B. He got up late. C. There was an accident. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A club. C. A hotel. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 4. What does the woman think of her boss? A. He is strict. B. He is patient. C. He is helpful. 5. What did the man do during his vacation? A. He watched great movies. B. He tasted new foods. C. He made some videos. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）. 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman sound in the beginning? A. Surprised. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 7. What subject did the man like the most at school? A: History. B. English. C. Physics. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 Where are the speakers probably? A. At a cleaner’s. B. At a cafe. C. At a store. 9. How much does the woman pay? A.$46. B.$53. C.$70. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the man’s impression of Mrs. Brown? A. She was short. B. She was thin. C. She was serious. 11. What happened to Mrs. Brown yesterday? A. She was hurt by a monkey. B. She lost her bag. C. She had a car accident. 12. Who helped Mrs. Brown in the end? A. The zoo staff. B. The visitors. C. The police. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13 Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To give advice. B. To express thanks. C. To conduct an interview. 14. How did the woman feel about surfing at first? A. It was hard. B. It was boring. C. It was dangerous. 15. What does the woman’s teacher advise her to improve? A. Her balance. B. Her strength. C. Her confidence. 16. What did the woman learn from Jack? A. Swimming. B. Boating. C. Rock climbing. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably? A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A host. 18. What does the speaker say about people in a group? A. They have the same goals. B. They take different roles. C. They act similarly. 19. What is a benefit of being in a group mentioned by the speaker? A. Improving social skills. B. Getting social support. C. Reducing loneliness. 20 What does the speaker suggest doing to solve disagreements? A. Having open communication. B. Accepting others’ differences. C. Following the group rules. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Street art is always something I look out for when I travel. At the very beginning, street art was a means to share social comments or political ideas, but now it’s increasingly used in many places around the world to beautify the environment, sometimes becoming popular tourist attractions. Here’s my collection of street art around the world. Amsterdam, the Netherlands My hometown has plenty of fantastic street art. You can find some cool pieces in the Jordaan neighborhood and in the North and West parts of the city. One place you absolutely have to visit in Amsterdam is the STRAAT Museum in Amsterdam North. This museum houses huge murals created by artists from around the world in an old industrial warehouse, and is a rich addition to the Amsterdam street art scene. Bristol, United Kingdom The birthplace of Banksy, one of the world’s most famous street artists, Bristol is another of the world’s great street art cities. You can find street art across the city on buildings, streets and bridges. The annual Upfest, in the Bedminster suburb, during which artists from around the world are invited to create street art on houses and buildings, is a popular attraction. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Rio de Janeiro also has a fantastic street art scene. For the 2016 Olympic Games, the city invited famous Brazilian street artist, Kobra, to create the world’s biggest mural along the Olympic Boulevard. The result is simply amazing! Click here to see street art in Rio de Janeiro, or my photos of Rio de Janeiro. 1. Why did people create street art at first? A. To practise painting skills. B. To show social or political opinions. C. To beautify the environment. D. To draw tourists at home and abroad. 2. What is a must-see street art attraction in the author’s hometown? A. The Olympic Boulevard in Rio. B. The birthplace of Banksy in Bristol. C. The annual Upfest in Bedminster. D. The STRAAT Museum in Amsterdam. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An art website. B. A research paper. C. A travel magazine. D. A history textbook. B This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties (伤亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone. Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia,” Hausfather added on Friday. Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer. Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched (派遣). 4 What are the numbers about in Paragraph 1? A. The causes of Australian fires. B. The results of Australian fires. C. The damaged areas of Australian fires. D. The property destruction of Australian fires. 5. Which of the following best explains “susceptible to” in the second paragraph? A. Very quickly to adapt to. B. Very seriously to focus on. C. Very easily to be protected against. D. Very likely to be influenced by. 6. What can we infer from Trenberth’s research? A. Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading. B. Longer dry weather contributes to global warming. C. The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising. D. Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires. 7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To provide some advice about reducing damage. B. To show the methods for controlling burns. C. To predict the seriousness of Australian fires. D. To stress the effects of Australian fires. C Nowadays, we needn't look far to find something new to watch. So why do so many of us choose to watch films we’ve already seen, even knowing every line of the script? A survey revealed rewatching films we've already seen countless times is common. Some titles were mentioned repeatedly—Back To The Future, Top Gun, and musicals like The Rain. In 2016,a website surveyed 1,169 people to list the 25 most rewatched films—with Star Wars, The Wizard of Oz and The sound of Music taking the top spots. Finding which movies we watch again and again is easy. Exactly why we do it is less clear. Obviously we love them and think they deserve our attention. One said,“Some films are what I Think ‘complete’ and are so familiar that you can stop and start at any point. They are deeply satisfying and you can lose yourself in them.” While that might explain the second, third, or fourth viewing, what keeps us coming back to a movie when we already know every detail, and there are so many other new films to choose from? One explanation is that watching something familiar takes up less mental energy. We don't have to concentrate to work out what's going on. Instead, we just sit back and relax. When faced with diverse choices, it's easier to return to an old film that we believe won t disappoint us. A psychological phenomenon, “the mere exposure effect”— in which we develop a preference for something familiar—could also be a good explanation. So the more we watch, the more we want to watch. A 2012 study on cultural “re-consumption found that rewatching movies can also make us reflect on how we've grown—a measuring stick for how much our lives have changed. Perhaps that's one of the biggest reasons why we return to films, to recall not only for a time in history but for a time in our lives. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. There are few good movies people can choose from. B. People often watch movies many times to memorize lines. C. People like to enjoy some movies once and again. D. Star Wars, Top Gun and The sound of Music are top hits. 9. The reasons why people rewatch films are as follows except that___. A. it makes viewers much more comfortable to rewatch the films. B. familiar movies can remind people of impressive experiences. C. viewers find it hard to select a better film than familiar ones. D. it is those well-produced movies that always appeal to viewers. 10. What will be discussed in the flowing paragraph? A. The connection between rewatched films and personal experiences. B. The special emotional stales when people rewatch movies. C. The recently-released films that have been revisited several times. D. The high quality the most popular movies usually offer. 11. What's the author's attitude to the phenomenon of people's rewatching films? A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Disapproving. D. Cautious. D Does adversity (逆境) warm hearts or harden them? Recently, my graduate student Daniel and I set out to explore the relationship between adversity and compassion (同情). We conducted a study online and reached more than 200 people from all walks of life. After asking them about the hardships they faced and how often they experienced compassion, we offered them the chance to donate some of the money they were about to be paid for taking part in the study to help people in need. The result showed that those who had faced serious adversities in life feel more compassion for suffering people. And as a result, they donated more money. Now, if experiencing any type of hardship can make a person more compassionate, you might assume that the compassion would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing. Interestingly, this turns out to be dead wrong. In an article recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the Kellogg School of Management professor Loran Nordgren and his team found that the human mind refuses to work as usual when it comes to remembering its own past hardships: it regularly makes them appear to be less painful than they actually were. Therefore, recalling a bad experience in your own past may make you underestimate (低估) the difficulty of others’ challenges. You overcame it, you think; so should he. The result? You lack compassion. Our findings, taken together with those of Professor Nordgren and his team, are that living through hardships doesn’t either warm hearts or harden them; it does both. Knowing suffering in life usually enhances the compassion we feel for others, except when the suffering involves specific painful events that we know all too well. 12. Which of the following is TRUE about the author’s study? A. Those attending it had to pay for it. B. Those attending it were asked questions only. C. It is meant to encourage people to help those in need. D. It tries to reveal the relationship between adversity and compassion. 13. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. People’s compassion for suffering people. B. People’s understanding of others’ misfortune. C. The findings of Loran Nordgren and his team. D. The assumption that shared misfortune may lead to compassion. 14. What did Professor Nordgren and his team find? A. Hardships make people lost in sad memories. B. Hardships lead to people’s lack of compassion. C. People tend to remember their hardships easily. D. People suffering from adversity are easy to break down. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The Hidden Power of Compassion B. Surprising link of Adversity and Compassion C. Compassion: A Gift from Personal Adversity D. Adversity: A Pathway to Deeper Compassion 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized boom and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer bread together with salt to their guests. ____16____ No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb. Today there is no shortage of salt in the world. ____17____ During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. ____18____ According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. ____19____ An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解). In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists. ____20____ Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other. A. It was believed this gesture expressed rudeness. B. Bread in Russian culture is considered an important thing. C. Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings. D. Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange welcome. E. This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties. F. But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it. G. That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents’ ____21____. After all, they are more ____22____ with meals where meat is the centerpiece. Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts ____23____ our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new ____24____ dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she ____25____ both. So often, even though we’re all ____26____ at the table together, we’re eating ____27____ meals. I’ve never really ____28____ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I ____29____ asked her about it. “It is sometimes a(n) ____30____ to cook your food,” she answered. “But it is important for us to ____31____ your and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet.” She also had her question, “You don’t miss the ____32____ you grew up with?” I do. And I don’t. My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I’ve been away from home for so long, I’ve ____33____ lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I ____34____ I was wrong. Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to ____35____. 21. A. talents B. orders C. traditions D. efforts 22. A. concerned B. comfortable C. patient D. strict 23. A. planning B. cooking C. serving D. lasting 24. A. side B. meat C. local D. vegetarian 25. A. dislikes B. recommends C. desires D. loses 26. A. standing B. sitting C. lying D. kneeling 27. A. healthy B. delicious C. different D. heavy 28. A. talked B. agreed C. met D. quarreled 29. A. quickly B. gradually C. regularly D. finally 30. A. challenge B. adventure C. pleasure D. blessing 31. A. change B. honor C. balance D. follow 32. A. trouble B. stories C. family D. flavors 33. A. given away B. left behind C. got attached to D. fallen short of 34. A. forgot B. hoped C. realized D. estimated 35. A. sell B. say C. read D. eat 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In AD 79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, ____36____ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of ____37____ (it) buildings. Archaeologists (考古学家) have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool for ____38____ (understand) how Pompeii might once have looked — virtual reality (VR). Researchers Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data collected by drones (无人机) flying over the ruined Roman city to create a 3D computer reconstruction (重建) of one of its most ____39____ (impress) buildings. They then fed the reconstruction into a video game system called Unity ____40____ (make) a VR model. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings ____41____ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them. Campanaro and Landeschi asked ____42____ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye-tracking technology to record ____43____ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever design to draw attention ____44____ objects that showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called LuciusValenius Flaccus, ____45____ ring was found in the ruins. 第四部分 基础知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据所给句子和所学语法知识，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。注意：66-70题根据首字母填写单词，71-75题根据汉语提示填写单词，76-80题为单句语法填空。 46. When you b________ deeply, you’ll take in some fresh air. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. Pakistan came into e________ as an independent country after the war. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The photographer looked at the wonderful photo with s________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. A________ that you are chosen to be the leader, what will you do? (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. When in college, he p________ to live with the animals and study them rather than stay in his dormitory. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. Garbage bags are thick and use more plastic than ________ (典型的）shopping bags. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Everyone gave their ________ (祝贺) when Jenny won the race. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. These drawings by children might offer you some ________ (灵感).(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Overhearing the conversation between the girl and her grandmother, the bus driver offered help without any ________ (犹豫). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Although Jack had been ill for a long time, it still came as a shock when he ________ (最后) died. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. With winter________(approach), the weather is becoming colder and colder. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. My teacher recommended ________ (read) the book before seeing the movie. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. When ________ (equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. It is reported that many a new house ________ (build) at present in the flood-stricken area. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. Two-fifths of our students ________ (admit) to the well-known university so far.(所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所学短语，用其正确形式完成句子。 Lily had always been cheerful, but lately she found herself ____61____ (不知所措). The pressure of school, with its demanding assignments, looming (临近的) exams, and the need to maintain good grades, made her feel that ____62____ (消极思想笼罩着她) constantly. ____63____ (她太焦虑了以致于，用倒装句) she couldn’t stay focused in class. After class, Lily ____64____ (正准备离开教室时) she was stopped by her teacher, who expressed disappointment over her lack ofconcentration. ____65____ (感觉血液涌向她的脸), Lily lowered her head and apologized to her teacher. Lying in bed at night, she ____66____ (感到一阵悲伤) and texted her friend Sarah for help. ____67____ (应Lily的要求), Sarah decided to come to her aid. One afternoon, Sarah knocked on the door. When Lily finally ____68____ (拖着脚去开门), she was met with the sight of her smiling friend. “What’s going on?” Sarah asked gently, ____69____ (将 Lily揽在她温暖的怀里). As they sat together, Lily felt a wave of relief washed over her. “I’ve been feeling so depressed,” she said, _____70_____ (眼含泪水). 第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体，计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你征询建议。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1.推荐的运动； 2.推荐的理由。 注意：1.词数不少于50； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$