Unit 3 Trees and us Section 2 Grammar - 【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（沪教版2024）

2024-2025学年度沪教版英语7年级 下 Unit 3 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→环境保护→热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题trees and us，了解树木为我们做的事，识别有关树木的令人惊叹的事实，描述为了保护树木我们能做的事。 1. 语言知识: 能理解现在进行时的概念，能正确运用现在进行时；能理解现在进行时的使用场景，并能辨析不能运用于现在进行时的动词。 2.语言技能：能用现在进行时描述人们正在做的事。 3.学习策略: 能小组合作，树木如何保护自己免受敌害。 4.文化意识:学完本单元后，学生能够了解树木的重要性，了解中国的茶种植历史和茶文化。 自主学习任务一：背默重点句型 1. 我在观看一个关于树的电视节目。 I a TV programme about trees. 2. 苏苏和我在做我们的小组课题。 Susu and I on our group project. 3. 做一个树不容易。 not be a tree. 4. 但是像我一样的树木有反攻的聪明方法。 But trees like me have clever ways of . 5. 现在，它只能悲伤地等待成为一只幸运鸟儿的大餐。 Now it sadly to become a lucky bird’s big meal. ►问题一：现在进行时的定义、标志词和句子结构？ 【点拨】例句：What are you doing now? 1. 现在进行时用于表达某事正在发生或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 时间标志词：now, look, listen, at the moment, these days 3. 动词（现在分词）变化规律： ① 直接加ing，如walk - walking ② 去e加ing, 如come - coming ③ 重读闭音节，双写末尾字母加ing，如run - running ④ 以ie结尾，把ie改为y再加lie，如lie - lying 句型 结构 例子 肯定句 主语+ be(am/is/are) +现在分词+其它 She is running. 否定句 主语+ be(am/is/are) +not+现在分词+其它 She isn’t running. 疑问句 Be(is/are)+主语+现在分词+其它? Is she running? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be(is/are)+主语+现在分词+其它? When is she running? 【典例】Look! The bird in the sky. A.fly B. is flying C. flies D. are flying 【答案】B 【解析】根据所学所知，now是现在进行时的标志词之一，所以这句话用现在进行时。选B。 【变式练】 1. She on this project these days. A. working B. works C. is working D. worked 2. --Where is your brother? --He homework in the study. A. is doing B. does C. doing D. did 【答案】1. C 【解析】根据所学可知，these days是现在进行时的标志词之一，所以这句话用现在进行时，be+V-ing，故选C。 2. A 【解析】句意：--你的哥哥在哪里？ --他在书房写作业。根据情景可知这是现在进行时，be+V-ing，故选A。 ►问题二：现在进行时有特殊用法吗？ 【点拨】表示位置移动的动词，如：leave/ come/go/begin/fly等用于现在进行时，表示按计划或安排近期将要进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天她将前往上海。 I am coming to help you this afternoon. 今天下午我就来帮你。 【典例】I fishing next weekend.. A.go B. is going to go C. goes D. am going 【答案】D 【解析】根据所学所知，表示位置移动的go，可以用现在进行时表达将来。故选D。 【变式练】 1. you to Jane’s party tonight? A. Are, come B. Do,come C. Is, going to D. Are, coming 【答案】1. D 【解析】根据所学所知，表示位置移动的come，可以用现在进行时表达将来。故选D。 ►问题三：有动词不能用于现在进行时吗？ 【点拨】例句：I know my deskmate well. My younger sister like eating apples. 以下动词只用于一般现在时，不可用在现在进行时。 ①情感类：love, like, hate, care, believe, prefer, understand, know, realize, want等 ②感官类：see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste, look, notice等 ③存在状态类：lie, remain, appear, exist, seem, belong to等 【典例】I her very well these days. A. am knowing B. know C. knew D. knowing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些天，我很了解她。know不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选B。 【变式练】 1. Anna what the teacher said now. A. am understanding B. understood C. understands D. understanding 2. The sofa soft. A. feels B. feel C. is feeling D. felt 【答案】1. C 2. A 【解析】 1. 句意：Anna现在明白老师说什么了。有now，排除B。understand不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选C。 2. 句意：这沙发感觉很舒服。感官动词feel不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选A. 基础过关 一、选择题。 1. Listen! Who the piano? A. is playing B. playing C. plays D. play 2. --Where is your sister? --She flowers in the garden. A. water B. watering C. waters D. is watering 3. Tonny usually a black jacket. A. is wearing B. wears C. wore D. wear 4. Tina to Hainan Island next summer holiday. A. are going to fly B. flies C. fly D. is flying 5. The soup delicious. A. smells B. smell C. is smelling D. smelling 二、用动词的适当形式填空。 1. The children (make) a model together these days. 2. He often (play) basketball after school. 3. Look! They (have) a test now. 4. The vegetable (look) quite fresh. 5. My granddaughter (come) to see us tomorrow. 能力提升 一、语法选择 （2023七下期中）Trees are important. They can provide animals 1 homes. Lots of products, like paper and pencils, are made 2 trees. However, they can give 3 these only if they are alive. They must be taken good care of to keep 4 . Therefore, people spend much time and money 5 trees. It is found that the tree would grow best in a climate with 6 sunlight and rainfall, and little sunlight or rainfall would 7 the growth of a tree. The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate 8 be decided by reading the pattern of rings in a tree trunk. You should count the rings of a tree trunk 9 the outside to the inside. If 10 tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that there is lots of sunlight and rainfall. If the rings are 11 to each other, then the climate is bad. Study like this is not only for the history of weather, 12 for the history of human beings. You can find only sand now in one place of New Mexico. However, there were 13 people who used to live there. They 14 suddenly. Why? A group of scientists studied patterns of dead tree rings which once grew there, and they found that people went away because they had destroyed all the trees 15 and build houses. 1. A. to B. with C. in D. of 2. A. in B. from C. of D. with 3. A. our B. ours C. we D. us 4. A. healthily B. unhealthy C. healthy D. health 5. A. study B. to study C. on studying D. studying 6. A. many B. few C. a few D. plenty of 7. A. to stop B. stopped C. stopping D. stop 8. A. should B. must C. would D. can 9. A. from B. between C. since D. as 10. A. an B. the C. / D. a 11. A. close B. closing C. closed D. closely 12. A. so B. and C. but also D. or 13. A. millions B. million of C. million D. millions of 14. A. are leaving B. leave C. will leave D. left 15. A. burning B. burn C. to burn D. to burning 二、阅读理解 A (2024深圳七下期末） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1. What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colors. C. It is a way for animals to eat plants. D. It is a way to make food for plants. 2. Why are leaves green in summer? A. Because trees are making food for leaves. B. Because they are busy making food for trees. C. Because there is no other color inside leaves in summer. D. Because summer is playtime for the leaves of many trees. 3. What stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall? A. Less air in fall. B. Less time in fall. C. Less water in fall. D. Less sunlight in fall. 4. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The colors. B. The leaves. C. The trees. D. The animals. 5. What is the best title of the article? A. The colors of the tree leaves. B. The trees in different seasons. C. The importance of the sunlight. D. The changes of the four seasons. B （2024广州七下期末） Plants use chemicals to talk with each other. This happens when insects are eating a plant’s leaves. Then, the plant gives out chemicals from those leaves. This is like a warning, or a call for help, “Mayday, mayday!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others make the bees interested in the plant. The bees will come and kill those harmful insects. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system (系统). So we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also make sounds. But people can’t hear these sounds. Some plants, such as corn and chili plants, make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is little water. Plants, like tomatoes, make a sound when they are weak. When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help. Scientists are trying to listen to these sick plants. Then they can find new ways to grow healthier plants without touching them. Most surprisingly of all, plants have a wonderful talking system. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”, just like the Internet we use. The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground. By using the web, plants can greet each other and give food to others. However, not all plants are friendly. Some may use it to take other plants’ food, or send chemicals to hurt other plants. Probably one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help stop these fights. Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better. Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1. Which sentence can replace(代替) “Mayday, mayday!” in paragraph 1? A. Be careful! The insects are eating my leaves! B. Let’s celebrate the holiday May Day! C. Come to me, bee! Kill the insects! D. Let me give you some food and drinks! 2. Which of the following about plants’ sounds is TRUE? A. Some plants can talk to people. B. Plants like tomatoes make noises for greeting. C. Some animals can understand plants’ sounds. D. Scientists can grow healthy plants by talking to them. 3. What do plants use the “wood wide web” to do? A. Produce food with other plants. B. Give out chemicals to keep off insects. C. Send food to or take food from other plants. D. Connect the roots of different plants. 4. Why do scientists want to learn about plants’ talks? A. To create a “firewall” to stop insects. B. To help plants grow better. C. To build a bigger web for plants. D. To improve plants’ talking system. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度沪教版英语7年级 下 Unit 3 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→环境保护→热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题trees and us，了解树木为我们做的事，识别有关树木的令人惊叹的事实，描述为了保护树木我们能做的事。 1. 语言知识: 能理解现在进行时的概念，能正确运用现在进行时；能理解现在进行时的使用场景，并能辨析不能运用于现在进行时的动词。 2.语言技能：能用现在进行时描述人们正在做的事。 3.学习策略: 能小组合作，树木如何保护自己免受敌害。 4.文化意识:学完本单元后，学生能够了解树木的重要性，了解中国的茶种植历史和茶文化。 自主学习任务一：背默重点句型 1. 我在观看一个关于树的电视节目。 I a TV programme about trees. 2. 苏苏和我在做我们的小组课题。 Susu and I on our group project. 3. 做一个树不容易。 not be a tree. 4. 但是像我一样的树木有反攻的聪明方法。 But trees like me have clever ways of . 5. 现在，它只能悲伤地等待成为一只幸运鸟儿的大餐。 Now it sadly to become a lucky bird’s big meal. 【答案】1. was watching 2. are working 3. It is easy to 4. fighting back 5. is waiting ►问题一：现在进行时的定义、标志词和句子结构？ 【点拨】例句：What are you doing now? 1. 现在进行时用于表达某事正在发生或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 时间标志词：now, look, listen, at the moment, these days 3. 动词（现在分词）变化规律： ① 直接加ing，如walk - walking ② 去e加ing, 如come - coming ③ 重读闭音节，双写末尾字母加ing，如run - running ④ 以ie结尾，把ie改为y再加lie，如lie - lying 句型 结构 例子 肯定句 主语+ be(am/is/are) +现在分词+其它 She is running. 否定句 主语+ be(am/is/are) +not+现在分词+其它 She isn’t running. 疑问句 Be(is/are)+主语+现在分词+其它? Is she running? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be(is/are)+主语+现在分词+其它? When is she running? 【典例】Look! The bird in the sky. A.fly B. is flying C. flies D. are flying 【答案】B 【解析】根据所学所知，now是现在进行时的标志词之一，所以这句话用现在进行时。选B。 【变式练】 1. She on this project these days. A. working B. works C. is working D. worked 2. --Where is your brother? --He homework in the study. A. is doing B. does C. doing D. did 【答案】1. C 【解析】根据所学可知，these days是现在进行时的标志词之一，所以这句话用现在进行时，be+V-ing，故选C。 2. A 【解析】句意：--你的哥哥在哪里？ --他在书房写作业。根据情景可知这是现在进行时，be+V-ing，故选A。 ►问题二：现在进行时有特殊用法吗？ 【点拨】表示位置移动的动词，如：leave/ come/go/begin/fly等用于现在进行时，表示按计划或安排近期将要进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天她将前往上海。 I am coming to help you this afternoon. 今天下午我就来帮你。 【典例】I fishing next weekend.. A.go B. is going to go C. goes D. am going 【答案】D 【解析】根据所学所知，表示位置移动的go，可以用现在进行时表达将来。故选D。 【变式练】 1. you to Jane’s party tonight? A. Are, come B. Do,come C. Is, going to D. Are, coming 【答案】1. D 【解析】根据所学所知，表示位置移动的come，可以用现在进行时表达将来。故选D。 ►问题三：有动词不能用于现在进行时吗？ 【点拨】例句：I know my deskmate well. My younger sister like eating apples. 以下动词只用于一般现在时，不可用在现在进行时。 ①情感类：love, like, hate, care, believe, prefer, understand, know, realize, want等 ②感官类：see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste, look, notice等 ③存在状态类：lie, remain, appear, exist, seem, belong to等 【典例】I her very well these days. A. am knowing B. know C. knew D. knowing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些天，我很了解她。know不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选B。 【变式练】 1. Anna what the teacher said now. A. am understanding B. understood C. understands D. understanding 2. The sofa soft. A. feels B. feel C. is feeling D. felt 【答案】1. C 2. A 【解析】 1. 句意：Anna现在明白老师说什么了。有now，排除B。understand不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选C。 2. 句意：这沙发感觉很舒服。感官动词feel不能用于现在进行时，可用于一般现在时，故选A. 基础过关 一、选择题。 1. Listen! Who the piano? A. is playing B. playing C. plays D. play 2. --Where is your sister? --She flowers in the garden. A. water B. watering C. waters D. is watering 3. Tonny usually a black jacket. A. is wearing B. wears C. wore D. wear 4. Tina to Hainan Island next summer holiday. A. are going to fly B. flies C. fly D. is flying 5. The soup delicious. A. smells B. smell C. is smelling D. smelling 【答案】ADBDA 【解析】 1. 题中有时间标志词listen，用现在进行时，be+V-ing，故选A. 2. 句意：--你的妹妹在哪里？ --她在花园里浇花。 根据情景可知用现在进行时，故选D。 3. 题中有时间标志词usually，属于一般现在时，主语第三人称单数，故选C。 4. 题中有时间标志词next，属于一般将来时，动词用be going to 或will。主语为单数，排除A选项。位置移动的动词，可以用现在进行时表达将来，故选D。 5. 句意：这汤闻起来很香。smell不可用于现在进行时，故选A。 二、用动词的适当形式填空。 1. The children (make) a model together these days. 2. He often (play) basketball after school. 3. Look! They (have) a test now. 4. The vegetable (look) quite fresh. 5. My granddaughter (come) to see us tomorrow. 【答案】1. are making 2. plays 3. are testing 4. looks 5. is coming 【解析】1. 时间标志词these days,可表示现阶段正在进行的事情，用现在进行时，故填are making。 2. 时间标志词often，为一般现在时。主语he第三人称单数，所以动词相应变化成plays. 3. 时间标志词look和now, 现在进行时，所以填are having。 4. look在这里表示“看起来”，是感官动词，不能用于现在进行时，可用一般现在时，表示蔬菜看起来很新鲜。 5. tomorrow表示一般将来时。位置移动的动词come可以用现在进行时来表示将来，故填is coming。 能力提升 一、语法选择 （2023七下期中）Trees are important. They can provide animals 1 homes. Lots of products, like paper and pencils, are made 2 trees. However, they can give 3 these only if they are alive. They must be taken good care of to keep 4 . Therefore, people spend much time and money 5 trees. It is found that the tree would grow best in a climate with 6 sunlight and rainfall, and little sunlight or rainfall would 7 the growth of a tree. The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate 8 be decided by reading the pattern of rings in a tree trunk. You should count the rings of a tree trunk 9 the outside to the inside. If 10 tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that there is lots of sunlight and rainfall. If the rings are 11 to each other, then the climate is bad. Study like this is not only for the history of weather, 12 for the history of human beings. You can find only sand now in one place of New Mexico. However, there were 13 people who used to live there. They 14 suddenly. Why? A group of scientists studied patterns of dead tree rings which once grew there, and they found that people went away because they had destroyed all the trees 15 and build houses. 1. A. to B. with C. in D. of 2. A. in B. from C. of D. with 3. A. our B. ours C. we D. us 4. A. healthily B. unhealthy C. healthy D. health 5. A. study B. to study C. on studying D. studying 6. A. many B. few C. a few D. plenty of 7. A. to stop B. stopped C. stopping D. stop 8. A. should B. must C. would D. can 9. A. from B. between C. since D. as 10. A. an B. the C. / D. a 11. A. close B. closing C. closed D. closely 12. A. so B. and C. but also D. or 13. A. millions B. million of C. million D. millions of 14. A. are leaving B. leave C. will leave D. left 15. A. burning B. burn C. to burn D. to burning 【答案】BBDCD DDDAB ACDDC 【导语】本文介绍了树木的重要性和树木年轮的相关信息。 1．句意：他们能给动物提供住所。 to朝着；with和；in在……里面；of……的。根据“provide”可知，provide sb with sth“给某人提供某物”，故选B。 2．句意：很多产品，比如纸和铅笔，都是由树木制作的。 in在……里面；from来自；of……的；with和。根据“are made”可知，be made from“由……制成的”，由于纸和铅笔看不出制作的原材料，使用from，故选B。 3．句意：然而，只有他们活着，才能给我们这些。 our我们的；ours我们的（东西）；we我们；us我们。根据“they can give…these”可知，give sb sth“给某人某物”，空处使用人称代词宾格us，故选D。 4．句意：他们必须被好好照顾来保持健康。 healthily健康地；unhealthy不健康的；healthy健康的；health健康。根据“They must be taken good care of to keep…”可知，树木被好好照顾来保持健康，keep healthy“保持健康”，故选C。 5．句意：因此，人们花费了大量的时间和金钱在树木上。 study学习，动词原形；to study动词不定式；on studying在学习；studying现在分词。根据“spend time and money”可知，spend…(in) doing sth“花费……做某事”，故选D。 6．句意：人们发现，这种树在阳光和雨水充足的气候中生长得最好，而阳光和雨水太少会阻碍树的生长。 many很多；few几乎没有；a few一些；plenty of许多。根据空后的“sunlight and rainfall”可知，sunlight不可数，修饰不可数名词使用plenty of，故选D。 7．句意：人们发现，这种树在阳光和雨水充足的气候中生长得最好，而阳光和雨水太少会阻碍树的生长。 to stop停止，动词不定式；stopped动词过去式；stopping现在分词；stop动词原形。根据空前的“would”可知，情态动词would后接动词原形，故选D。 8．句意：从有利气候到不利气候的变化可以通过阅读树干年轮的模式来决定。 should应该；must必须；would愿意；can能。根据“The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate…be decided by reading the pattern of rings in a tree trunk.”可知，用阅读年轮的方式能推测出气候的变化，表示能力，使用can，故选D。 9．句意：你应该从外到内数树干的年轮。 from来自，从；between在……之间；since自从；as像……一样。根据“the outside to the inside.”可知，from…to…“从……到……”，从外到里，故选A。 10．句意：如果第十环远离其他环，那么肯定有很多阳光和雨水。 an不定冠词，放在元音音素开头的单词之前；the定冠词；a不定冠词，放在辅音音素开头的单词之前。序数词tenth使用时，前面需要加上定冠词the，故选B。 11．句意：如果这些年轮彼此接近，那么天气就很差。 close接近的，形容词；closing现在分词；closed过去式；closely紧密地。根据“If the rings are”可知，空处缺少句子表语，结合选项，使用形容词作表语，故选A。 12．句意：如果第十环远离其他环，那么肯定有很多阳光和雨水。这样的研究不仅是对天气史的研究，也是对人类历史的研究。 so所以；and和；but also而且；or或者。根据“Study like this is not only for the history of weather”可知，not only…but also…“不仅……而且……”，故选C。 13．句意：然而，曾经有数百万人住在那里。 millions数百万；million of错误表达；million一百万；millions of成百上千万的……。根据空后的“people”可知，修饰名词，使用millions of，故选D。 14．句意：他们突然离开。 are leaving正在离开；leave离开，动词原形；will leave将要离开；left动词过去式。根据“who used to live there.”可知，曾经住在这里，说明时间是过去，使用一般过去时，空处填写动词过去式，故选D。 15．句意：一组科学家研究了曾经生长在那里的死树年轮的模式，他们发现人们离开了，因为他们毁坏了所有的树来燃烧和建造房屋。 burning燃烧，现在分词；burn动词原形；to burn动词不定式；to burning错误表达。根据“they had destroyed all the trees…and build houses”可知，空处表达的是毁坏树木的目的，使用to do不定式表目的，故选C。 二、阅读理解 A (2024深圳七下期末） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1. What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A. It is a way of growing leaves. B. It is a way of changing colors. C. It is a way for animals to eat plants. D. It is a way to make food for plants. 2. Why are leaves green in summer? A. Because trees are making food for leaves. B. Because they are busy making food for trees. C. Because there is no other color inside leaves in summer. D. Because summer is playtime for the leaves of many trees. 3. What stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall? A. Less air in fall. B. Less time in fall. C. Less water in fall. D. Less sunlight in fall. 4. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The colors. B. The leaves. C. The trees. D. The animals. 5. What is the best title of the article? A. The colors of the tree leaves. B. The trees in different seasons. C. The importance of the sunlight. D. The changes of the four seasons. 【答案】DBDCA 【导语】本文介绍了树叶为什么会变颜色。 1．细节理解题。根据“Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis.”可知，树叶利用阳光、水和空气为树木提供食物。这种制造食物的方式被称为光合作用。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Leaves are green in summer because they are making food.”可知，树叶在夏天是绿色的，因为它们在制造食物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical.”可知，在秋天树木受到的阳光较少，因此光合作用减慢。随着时间的推移，叶子停止制造绿色化学物质。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe.”可知，一旦天气足够冷，晚上出现冰，树木就会落叶。树木这样做是为了保护自己的安全。此处代词“They”指代前句“the trees”。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Why are the leaves on trees different colors?”和通读全文可知，本文介绍了为什么树叶一年四季是不同的颜色。“树叶的颜色”为最佳标题。故选A。 B （2024广州七下期末） Plants use chemicals to talk with each other. This happens when insects are eating a plant’s leaves. Then, the plant gives out chemicals from those leaves. This is like a warning, or a call for help, “Mayday, mayday!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others make the bees interested in the plant. The bees will come and kill those harmful insects. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system (系统). So we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also make sounds. But people can’t hear these sounds. Some plants, such as corn and chili plants, make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is little water. Plants, like tomatoes, make a sound when they are weak. When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help. Scientists are trying to listen to these sick plants. Then they can find new ways to grow healthier plants without touching them. Most surprisingly of all, plants have a wonderful talking system. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”, just like the Internet we use. The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground. By using the web, plants can greet each other and give food to others. However, not all plants are friendly. Some may use it to take other plants’ food, or send chemicals to hurt other plants. Probably one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help stop these fights. Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better. Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1. Which sentence can replace(代替) “Mayday, mayday!” in paragraph 1? A. Be careful! The insects are eating my leaves! B. Let’s celebrate the holiday May Day! C. Come to me, bee! Kill the insects! D. Let me give you some food and drinks! 2. Which of the following about plants’ sounds is TRUE? A. Some plants can talk to people. B. Plants like tomatoes make noises for greeting. C. Some animals can understand plants’ sounds. D. Scientists can grow healthy plants by talking to them. 3. What do plants use the “wood wide web” to do? A. Produce food with other plants. B. Give out chemicals to keep off insects. C. Send food to or take food from other plants. D. Connect the roots of different plants. 4. Why do scientists want to learn about plants’ talks? A. To create a “firewall” to stop insects. B. To help plants grow better. C. To build a bigger web for plants. D. To improve plants’ talking system. 【答案】ACDB 【导语】本文主要讲述了植物之间如何通过化学物质和声音进行交流，以及科学家如何研究这些交流方式以帮助植物更好地生长。 1．词句猜测题。根据“This is like a warning, or a call for help.”可知，当昆虫正在吃植物的叶子时，植物会从叶子中释放化学物质，这就像是一个警告或求救信号。所以选项A“小心！昆虫正在吃我的叶子！”最能代替“Mayday, mayday!”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help.”可知 ，一些动物如蝙蝠可以听到植物的声音，并会来帮助它们。所以选项C“一些动物可以理解植物的声音”是正确的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground.”可知，植物使用“木质广域网”来连接不同植物的根部，并在地下形成网络。所以选项D“连接不同植物的根部”是正确的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better.”可知，科学家正在学习更多关于植物交流的知识，以便它们可以更好地生长。所以选项B“帮助植物更好地生长”是正确的。故选B。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$