选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Fit for life（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（译林版 湘苏皖）

Unit 3 Fit for life 基础知识排查 核心考点突破 写作能力提升 基 础 知识排查 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 gene n.基因 game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的 genome n.基因组，染色体组 lifespan n.寿命，有效期 wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 limb n.肢，臂，腿 速记——词汇句型背诵 Ⅰ.认阅读单词 head-on 　　adv.积极地，果断地；正面相撞地 　　adj.迎头相撞的；正面反对的 centimetre (AmE centimeter) n.厘米 acupuncture 　n.针刺疗法 stainless 　adj.不生锈的 steel 　n.钢；钢铁工业 millimetre (AmE millimeter) n.毫米 tongue 　n.舌头；语言 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 pulse n.脉搏 vi.搏动，跳动；洋溢着 wrist n.手腕，腕关节 bandage n.绷带 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 surgeon n.外科医生 physician n.医师，内科医生 dentist n.牙科医生 cell n.细胞 contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同，合约 virus n.病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒 Ⅱ.记重点单词 cancer n.癌症；邪恶，毒瘤 means n.(pl.means)方法，方式；财富，钱财 delete vt.删去，删除 restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 ultimately adv.最终；根本上 weapon n.武器，手段；兵器 fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n.基本规律，根本法则，基础 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vt.& vi.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度， 调整节奏 arise vi.(arose，arisen)发生，出现；(由……)引 起，(因……)产生 flu n.流行性感冒，流感 characteristic n.特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的 debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论；辩论 14 15 16 17 18 finding n.调查发现，调研结果 ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)脱离(社会)， 不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 artificial adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 rubber n.橡胶；橡皮 outgoing adj.外向的 conventional adj.传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习 俗的 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 leather n.皮革 sensory adj.感觉的，感官的 patent n.专利，专利证书 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的 fuel vt.增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n.燃料 tackle vt.应付，处理，解决 needle n.针；注射针；指针 solid adj.实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 switch vi.& vt.转变；交换；调班 n.开关，闸；转变，改变 clinic n.私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 organ n.器官；风琴；机构，机关 severe adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的； 艰难的 abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n.滥用；虐待；辱骂 tobacco n.烟草 33 34 35 36 37 38 drug n.毒品；药物 phenomenon n.(pl.phenomena)现象 substance n.物质；要点 symbol n.象征；符号，代号 widespread adj.分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 department n.(医院的)科，部门，局，系 39 41 42 43 40 44 1 2 chemist n.药剂师，药商；化学家 →chemistry n.化学 →chemical adj.化学的 specialize vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 →special adj.特殊的；特别的 n.特别活动(或节目等)； 特制产品；特价 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 →affection n.喜爱；钟爱 →effect n.作用；影响 identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份 →identity n.身份；本身 relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 →related adj.有关系的；有关联的 →relation n.关系 →relationship n.关系 3 4 5 abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的 →normal adj.正常的，标准的 restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 →restriction n.限制，约束 →restricted adj.受限制的 prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 →prohibition n.禁止；禁令 6 7 8 resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗 →resist v.抵抗；抗拒 →resistant adj.抵抗的，反抗的 equip vt.配备；使有能力 →equipment n.设备 grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的 →gratitude n.感谢；感激 disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 →disability n.缺陷，障碍 9 10 11 12 disturb vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱 →disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的 →disturbed adj.感到不安的 adjust vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 →adjustment n.调整；调节 →adjustable adj.可调节的 evidence n.证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明 →evident adj.明显的 →evidently adv.明显地，显而易见 13 14 15 examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试； 审问 →examination n.考试；检查 anxiety n.焦虑；担心；渴望 →anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的 →anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地 alcohol n.酒精，酒 →alcoholic adj.酒精的；含酒精的 n.酒鬼；嗜酒如命者 16 17 18 infection n.传染，感染 →infected adj.被感染的 →infectious adj.传染的；易传染的 19 interrupt vt.& vi.打扰，打断 interval n.间歇；间隔 invitation n.邀请；请帖 irregular adj.不规则的 jog vi.慢跑 journalist n.记者，新闻工作者 judgment n.判决 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 [词汇助力] 高频词汇 jungle n.丛林，密林 junior adj.初级的；年少的 justice n.正义；公正；司法 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 relate to 　涉及，与……有关 prohibit sb from doing sth 　禁止某人做某事 wrestle with 　努力处理，全力解决 put sth in place 　准备就绪 without doubt 　毫无疑问，的确 a ripe old age 　高龄 go to great lengths to do sth 　竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 Ⅳ.背核心短语 date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 play a critical role in 在……中起关键作用 serve as 充当/作为…… take the place of 代替 be made of 由……制成 in addition to 除了…… 8 9 10 11 12 13 Ultimately，this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.(make＋it＋adj.＋to do) 最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.(as引导时间状语从句) 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 1 2 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to a different part of the body.(独立主格) 到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 For example，there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain，but no agreement has been reached.(there be 句型；现在分词短语作定语) 例如，有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛，但至今仍然莫衷一是。 3 4 填词——语境词汇串记 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 affect，anxiety，restrict，severe，wrestle with My friend Mike once was outgoing.Unfortunately，he contracted a kind of 1. disease，which changed him and his life.His life got into a mess.To relieve his 2. ，he became addicted to alcohol abuse. The physician who specialized in his disease warned him to 3.________ his drinking and adjust his attitude.Additionally，all of our friends went to great lengths to help him 4. the disease.We told him， severe anxiety restrict wrestle with affect，anxiety，restrict，severe，wrestle with “The modern technology does help you fight against the disease.You must have faith in yourself.” Ultimately，his disease took a turn for the better.He was deeply 5. .He was too grateful to express his thanks to those who helped him. 返 回 affected 核 心 考点突破 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 29 vt.影响；感动；打动；(疾病)侵袭 (effect n.作用；影响 affection n.喜爱) affect • be affected by受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with感染……疾病 • have an effect/influence on对……产生影响 • show/have/feel (much) affection for(非常)喜欢……，喜爱…… (1) (affect) with a serious disease，he became disabled and he knew there was no hope of recovery. 1 Affected (2)I propose that you choose some gifts with New Zealand features，which is bound to win your friend’s (affect). (3)我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有着积极的影响。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) I ，whose words and actions ________ ____________________. affection feel much affection for my mum have a positive effect on me (4)总的来说，英文报Youth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作) In summary，the English newspaper Youth _________________________ _____________. countless moving stories in the newspaper. affects me greatly/has a great effect on me I am often deeply affected by a means of (做)某事的方法或途径 by means of用……办法，借助…… by no means决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) by all means一定，务必；好的，当然可以 n.手段；方法；方式；财富，钱财 means 2 (1)We think prohibiting students from carrying mobile phones at school is means of keeping them focusing on study. (2)Every possible means (try) to treat his cancer so far，but none has worked. ＝All possible means (try) to treat his cancer so far，but none has worked. a has been tried have been tried (3)没有Paul的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。 ①Mac with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul. ② with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(用倒装句改写) 用法点拨　当means作主语且有every，each，one，a等修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，all，a few等修饰时，谓语动词用复数。 could by no means scare the wolf off/away By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away arise from＝arise out of由……引起/产生；从……中产生 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来 vi.出现，发生；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 3 arise (1)Seeing her husband pacing back and forth，the woman (arise) from her seat and asked him to stop. arose (2)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。 ①At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters _____________________.(分词短语作定语) ②At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters ______________________________.(定语从句) arising from his class which/that arose from his class 4 • a debate on/over/about...关于……的辩论 under debate正在讨论中 • debate with sb on/about/over sth 和某人就某事辩论 debate wh-从句/wh-＋to do讨论/辩论…… n.辩论；讨论，争论 v.辩论，讨论；仔细思考 debate (1)There is a heated debate whether some conventional customs should be abolished. about/on/over (2)It has been reported that the country’s health care reform is still _____ debate. (3)我们必须讨论应该采取什么措施来阻止空气污染。(话题写作之环境保护) We must . (4)在他和父母讨论了专业的选择后，他的父母推荐他选择数学专业。(话题写作之学校生活) After ，his parents recommended him to choose math major. debate what measures should be taken to stop the air pollution under he debated with his parents on/about the choice of major 5 • adjust to doing sth适应做某事 adjust...to (doing)...调整……以适应(做)…… adjust oneself to...使自己适应…… • make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整 v.调整；调节；(使)适应；习惯；整理 (adjustment n.调整；调节；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的) adjust (1)The glasses can give you a clear vision at a distance.They can for special visual needs.Moreover, the is not difficult to make.(adjust) adjustable be adjusted adjustment (2)It took a few weeks for her to adjust to (live) in the city. (3)得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。(应用文写作之建议信) Knowing that __________________________________________________ ____________，I’m writing to give you some tips，which I hope will be of help to you. living you have some difficulty in adjusting yourself to the new school life 6 • There is no/little doubt that...毫无疑问……，that之后的从句为同位 语从句，说明doubt的内容。 There is some doubt whether...怀疑是否…… • I don’t doubt that/I have no doubt that我不怀疑…… I doubt whether/if.../I have some doubt whether我怀疑/不相信是否…… 毫无疑问，确实 without doubt (＝beyond doubt) (1)There is no doubt it is unwise of him to be addicted to drug abuse. (2)The running race has been， doubt，one of the most rewarding events we have participated in so far. (3)我怀疑他是否能够胜任他要申请的这个职位。 ① he is qualified for the position he wants to apply for.(doubt v.) ② he is qualified for the position he wants to apply for. (doubt n.) that without/beyond I doubt whether/if I have some doubt whether 用法点拨　(1)在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句或whether引导的同位语从句。(2)在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句或同位语从句。 7 • date back to＝date from追溯到…… • out of date过时的，陈旧的 up to date至今，到目前为止；最近的，新式的；拥有最新信息的 fix/set a date for确定……的日期 追溯到……，始于，自……至今 date back to 这座古老的建筑位于村庄的东边，它的历史可以追溯到15世纪。 (1)This old building 15th century lies to the east of the village.(定语从句) (2)This old building 15th century lies to the east of the village.(现在分词短语作定语) 用法点拨　date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。 which/that dates back to dating back to 8 as作连词，还可引导以下几种状语从句： • 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”。 • 引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”。 • 引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”。 • 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，必须使用倒装。句式结构 为“形容词/副词/名词/动词原形＋as＋主语＋谓语”。 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately. 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 as引导时间状语从句 (1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思 ①As alcohol and tobacco are harmful to our health，we had better stay away from them. ②Do as you are told，or you will be fired by the boss without doubt. ③Young as he is，David has gained rich experience and can tackle some difficulties on his own. _____ 由于 _____ 按照 ____________ 虽然，尽管 (2)Although we were tired and hot，we indeed had great fun. (2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达) → ，we indeed had great fun.(as，句式升级) (3)随着公共汽车逐渐靠近城镇，汤姆浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(读后续写之紧张心理描写) ，Tom shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles. Tired and hot as we were As the bus got closer and closer to the town 印证——高考原句呈现 A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 一项为期五年的突破性研究表明，与饮食相关的人类咬合变化导致了新的语音，如今在世界上一半的语言中发现了这种语音。 1 印证——高考原句呈现 2 Beautifully restored to its 1860 appearance，the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years.(2021·浙江) 这座房子被完美地修复到1860年的外观，是亚伯拉罕和玛丽·林肯17年的家。 印证——高考原句呈现 3 At this point，it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.(2021·浙江) 目前，还不清楚为什么狗似乎具有识别人类不同面部表情的能力。 印证——高考原句呈现 4 The woman’s eye fell on the man’s face，and she immediately looked down and adjusted her scarf.(2021·北京) 女士看了下男子的面孔，然后立即低下头调整她的围巾。 印证——高考原句呈现 5 He pulls out a special device，points it at the suspect，and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground.This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device.(2020·天津) 他拿出一个特殊的装置，指向嫌疑人，然后打开它。那个小偷倒在了地上。这种新武器被称为远程定向声波发射器。 巩固——基础知识达标 1.arise (1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately. (2)What problems do you think may arise when humans are cloned？ (3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. (4)As is known to all，traffic accidents often arise from carelessness. A.v.起床　B.v.由……引起　C.v.起身　 D.v.出现 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 ____ C ____ D ____ A ____ B A.n.开关　B.n.改变，转变　C.v.调班 2.switch (1)Please press the switch on your right to turn the lights off. (2)I can’t work next weekend—will you switch with me？ (3)She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. ____ A ____ C ____ B A.n.(移动的)速度；步伐　 B.n.节奏　 C.v.确定速度；调整节奏　 D.v.走来走去 3.pace (1)The ball gathered pace as it rolled down the hill. (2)She stood up and began to pace up and down. (3)The online classes will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace. (4)It’s a long climb，so you have to pace yourself. ____ A ____ D ____ B ____ C 4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思 (1)She was deeply affected by the story，tears rolling down her cheeks. ________________ (2)Research suggests that warm colors can fuel our appetite. _____________ (3)Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. ________________________ v.使感动，打动 v.脱离社会，不与人交往 v.增强，刺激 1.Many diseases，which can’t be cured，arise bad eating habits. 2.Tired and exhausted he was，he proceeded to do his homework. 3. (affect) with a high fever，he didn’t complain，and instead，he finished his task on schedule. 4.For some amateurs，competing in some races is regarded as good means of entertainment. 5.Mary made (adjust) in time，overcame all difficulties and ultimately turned to writing love stories. Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 from as Affected a adjustments 6.There’s no doubt each of us can gain more benefits from solidarity and cooperation. 7.Chinese tea culture (date) back to thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually became a tradition. 8.He is waiting for the results anxiety，hoping he can rank first. 9.She was disturbed (know)that the marathon was cancelled due to the epidemic. 10.I’m grateful to you encouraging me to participate in this relay race，from which I benefit a lot. that dates with to know for 返 回 写 作 能力提升 毫无疑问，对于这个问题，不同的人有不同的看法。(doubt) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 2 Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (应用文写作之观点评论类作文) 最近，我们学校就学生们是否应该在周末上课展开了激烈的争论。(debate) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Recently，there has been a heated debate in our school about whether the students should have classes on weekends. There is no doubt that as to this issue，different people have different ideas. 3 4 Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 有些人不赞成上课。在他们看来，许多心理问题是太多的学习负担导致的。(arise) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some people disapprove of having classes.In their opinion，many mental problems arise from too much study burden. 其他人的想法截然不同。随着入学考试的临近，学生应该充分利用空闲时间进行复习。(as) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Others think quite differently.As the entrance examination is drawing near，students should make full use of free time to review. 5 Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 在我看来，我们不仅应该学会让自己适应繁忙的学校生活，而且也要学会好好休息。(adjust) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ From my point of view，we should not only learn to adjust ourselves to the busy school life but also learn to rest well. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 1.人物描写 outgoing adj.外向的 surgeon n.外科医生 disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 disability n.缺陷，障碍 教材续写语料 Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 2.情感描写 without doubt毫无疑问，的确 grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的 disturb vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的 anxiety n.焦虑；担心；渴望 教材续写语料 Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 3.动作描写 affect vt.影响；侵袭；使感染；深深打动 pace vt.& vi.来回踱步，走来走去 arise vi.(由……)引起，(因……)产生 wrestle with努力处理，全力解决 abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 教材续写语料 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 丈夫踱来踱去，妻子焦虑不安。毫无疑问，令人不安的事情发生在了他们身上。他们唯一的外向活泼的儿子汤姆，因滥用药而残疾了。出乎意料的是，汤姆接受了他的残疾。深受一个励志故事的影响，他决心成为父母的骄傲。他会全力解决他所遇到的困难。他坚信他成为一名优秀外科医生的梦想会实现。 续写语料运用 The husband ，and the wife ___________ _________. ，something disturbing happened to them. Their only son Tom，__________________________________________ _______________.Out of their expectations，Tom __________________ ____________. ，he determined to be his parents’ pride. he met.He was convinced that his dream of being an excellent surgeon would come true. 返 回 续写语料运用 paced back and forth was full of anxiety Without doubt who was outgoing became disabled on account of drug abuse accepted his disability Affected by an inspiring story He would try his best to wrestle with difficulties 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.xinjiaoyu.com $$