选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Sports culture（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（译林版 湘苏皖）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．solidarity n．团结，齐心协力 2．motto n．格言，座右铭 3．humanity n．人类；人性；人道 4．hurdle n．(pl. hurdles)跨栏赛；栏架；障碍 5．advent n．(重要事件、人物等的)到来，出现 6．ascend vi.& vt.上升，升高，登高 7．half-marathon n．半程马拉松赛跑 8．ankle n．踝，踝关节 9．constitution n．体质，身体素质；宪法，章程 10．humility n．谦逊，谦虚 11．net n．(the net)球门网；网，网状物 12．unintentionally adv.无意地，非故意地 13．council n．政务委员会，地方议会；市政服务机构 14．backfire vi.产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果 15．ballpark n．棒球场；变动范围 16．venue n．活动场地 17．curveball n．曲线球 18．towel n．毛巾，抹布，纸巾 19．literally adv.真正地，确实地；按字面，字面上 20．iron n．铁；熨斗 vt.& vi.(用熨斗)熨，烫平 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．joint adj.联合的，共同的 n．关节；接合处 2．boundary n．边界，分界线 3．afterwards(also afterward) adv.以后，后来 4．proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 5．flame n．火焰，火舌 6．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 7．rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 8．trend n．趋势，趋向 9．identical adj.完全同样的 10．fellow adj.同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n．同辈，同类；男人，家伙 11．relay n．接力赛 vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 12．chest n．胸部；大箱子 13．cheek n．面颊，脸颊 14．amateur n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj.业余的 15．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 16．session n．一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 17．chairman n．(委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 18．pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 19．celebrity n．名人；名望 20．grace n．高雅，文雅；优美；风度，体面 21．dignity n．尊严；自尊；高贵 22．idiom n．习语，成语 23．league n．联赛；等级，级别 24．insurance n．保险业；保险；保险费 25．salesman n．售货员，推销员 26．handle vt.处理，应付；控制，操纵 n．把手，拉手；柄 27．fist n．拳，拳头 28．waist n．腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 29．remark n．谈论，言论 vi.& vt.说起，评论 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．participate vi.参与，参加→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参与者 2．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n．竞争者 3．diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的→diversity n．多样性；多种多样 4．motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n．动力；诱因；干劲 5．demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威→demonstration n．表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 6．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n．鼓掌 7．election n．选举，推选；当选→elect vt.选举；推选 8．faith n．信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地 9．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→ambitious adj.有志气的，有野心的 10．limit n．限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limitation n．范围；限制 11．opponent n．对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj.对抗的；相反的→opposed adj.强烈反对的；截然不同的 12．unselfish adj.无私的，忘我的→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n．自私自利→selfless adj.无私的→selflessness n．无私，忘我 13．complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉→complaint n．不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 14．cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruelly adv.残酷地；残忍地 1．innocent adj.清白的；无辜的 2．insert vt.插入 3．inspect vt.检查；检验；审视 4．instant n．瞬间；刹那 5．instruct vt.通知；指示 6．instruction n．说明，须知；教导 7．instrument n．乐器；工具；器械 8．insurance n．保险 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．track and field田径运动 2．call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3．walk on air欢天喜地，得意扬扬 4．keep sth in perspective正确客观地看待 5．find one’s way into偶然来到，无意中处于 6．move the goalposts改变条件(或规则) 7．score an own goal进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 8．in the ballpark差不多 9．a ballpark estimate大致相近的估计 10．throw sb a curveball给某人出难题 11．three strikes and you are out三振出局 12．below the belt不公正的，伤人的 13．throw in the towel认输，承认失败 14．die out灭绝；逐渐消失 15．side by side肩并肩地，一起；相互支持 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life.(强调句型) 是一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。 2．His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.(that引导表语从句) 他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3．Whether you come first or last，it is important to remember that at any sporting event，you face two opponents：your fellow competitors and yourself.(whether...or...引导让步状语从句) 无论你是第一名还是最后一名，重要的是要记住，在任何体育赛事中，你都面临着两个对手：与你同场竞技的人和你自己。 4．Thankfully，goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did.(wish后接虚拟语气) 谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 5．This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.(先行词为situation，where 引导定语从句) 这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。 6．When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.(too...to...) 当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 Jack，an amateur sportsman，participated in 1.diverse competitions and demonstrated his ambition and faith. At the beginning，he took up track and field.He was always the first to do training in the court.His 2.consistent efforts paid off，ranking first in a half-marathon.Afterwards，he took an interest in the men’s 100-meter hurdles，which was difficult to handle.But he didn’t 3.throw in the towel.In the end，he defeated all the opponents in a match.When rewarded with a prize，he couldn’t help bursting into tears.His 4.motto was：Win with humility，lose with grace，and do both with dignity. Jack was also an unselfish man.He committed himself to doing voluntary work to help people in need and called on others to participate in the relay race.5.Motivated by his spirit，more people began to do the identical cause.He held a firm belief that only by 6.joint efforts and solidarity could we build a more harmonious world. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 participate vi.参加；参与 (participant n．参加者；参与者 participation n．参加；参与) participate in参加；参与 (1)For all the participants，the activity is a good opportunity and the participation in the activity will further strengthen their overall competence.(participate) (2)那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。(应用文写作之通知) Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21. compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 (competitor n．竞争者；比赛者 competition n．比赛；竞争 competitive adj.有竞争力的) compete in参加……的比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for为……而竞争 compete with/against和……竞争 (1)Even though she had to compete with/against many competitive competitors，she had faith in herself and competed in the relay race.The competition was tough and many competitors had an advantage over her，but she managed to enter the final.(用合适的词或compete的适当形式填空) (2)尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展示的决心。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作) Though this was a competitive race，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that the participants showed during the race. rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；排，列；等级；军衔 rank first/second/...位居第一/二/…… rank as列为…… (1)Chinese team got 28 gold medals，ranking(rank) third of all the countries that competed in the Sydney Olympics. (2)As is known to all，Lang Lang is ranked as a first-class pianist. (3)得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中排名第一，我写信表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信) Learning that you ranked first in the English speech competition held last week，I am writing to express my sincere congratulations. limit n．界限；限度；限制；限量，限额 vt.限制；限定；限量，减量 (limited adj.有限的 limitless adj.无限的) •beyond/within the limits of超出/限定在……范围内 There is a/no limit to (doing)．..……是有限的/无限的。 •limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 •be limited to 受限制于…… (1)If you study hard，you will find your limitless(limit) power. (2)Life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to serving(serve) the people. (3)在这次农场采摘活动中，我们的工作限于采摘桃子并把它们放进一个大盒子里。 (2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达) In this farm picking activity，our work is limited to picking peaches and putting them into a big box. remark n．[C]谈论，言论 vi.& vt.评论，说起(remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的) •make remarks/a remark on/upon/about...就……发表评论/意见 •remark on/upon对……进行评论 remark that...说起……；评论…… (1)Some audience remarked that the celebrity was ugly，but I thought it was bad manners to make remarks on/upon/about the appearance of others and we had to admit that his performance on the stage was remarkable.(用合适的词或remark的适当形式填空) (2)我们都同意他提出的建议：我们不应评论别人的私事。 ①We are all in favor of the suggestion that he presented：we shouldn’t remark on/upon others’ private affairs.(remark v．) ②We are all in favor of the suggestion that he presented：we shouldn’t make remarks/a remark on/upon others’ private affairs.(remark n．) call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 call up给……打电话；(使)想起 call off取消 call for要求；需要；去接某人 call at拜访(地点) (1)用call短语的适当形式填空 ①This picture called up memories of my taking part in that half-marathon. ②The council announces that the conference is called off so we can go home now. ③Sometimes situations call for us to be strong and brave enough to proceed to our dreams. ④The children called at their house to tell them about the plan of selling popcorn. (2)我们学校周围贴了一张海报，号召我们参加绿色地球活动。 A poster was put up around our school, calling on us to join in the activity for a greener earth. too...to...　When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。 •too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth.表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能”。 •当“too...to...”结构用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。 ·can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分。 得知您对长城感兴趣我非常高兴。长城太壮观而不容错过。正如一句老话所说：“不到长城非好汉。” 因此，我怎么强调爬长城的意义都不过分。(传统文化之长城) I am too pleased to learn that you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is too spectacular to miss.Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So I can’t/can never stress the significance of climbing the Great Wall too much. wish后接虚拟语气　Thankfully, goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did.谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 •wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语气，表示不太现实或不太可能实现的愿望。 •wish后面从句中的谓语动词形式为： ①would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反) ②did/were(表示与现在事实相反) ③had done/been(表示与过去事实相反) (1)我的头脑里有几个方案在蹦来蹦去，我的确希望现在可以决定一个。 With several plans bouncing around in my head，I do wish that I decided on one now. (2)随后，她感到很尴尬，她多么希望自己什么都没说过。(读后续写之情感、心理描写) Afterwards，embarrassed，she wished she hadn’t said anything. (3)我希望你能抓住这个机会，进一步学习中国传统文化。(话题写作之传统文化) I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further. 1．Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland，has found how and why this trend arose.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 现在，由瑞士苏黎世大学的达米安·布拉西领导的一个研究小组已经发现了这种趋势产生的方式和原因。 2．He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.In that moment，I began to fall for him.(2022·全国甲) 他把瓶子里的水倒到他手里，然后喂给我的狗喝。就在那一刻，我开始对他有了好感。 3．It’s a call she must handle alone，though.Merebeth says，“When I’m on the road I’m just in my own world.”(2022·1月浙江) 但是，这是一件她必须独自处理的事情。梅里贝斯说：“当我在路上的时候，我只是在我自己的世界里。” 4．For the biggest stadiums in the world，we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far，which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity，as well as updated information from official stadium websites.(2021·全国乙) 对于世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了迄今为止由世界地图册提供的数据，根据它们规定的常设容量以及来自官方体育场网站的最新信息对它们进行排名。 5．The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more，so will I．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ) 测试表明，当我们做决定时，社会环境的影响非常大。如果同伴参与者吃得多的话，我也会。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．handle (1)These pieces of glassware are valuable，so they handle them with great care. C (2)I wasn’t sure if I could handle such a powerful car. A (3)The little girl turned the handle and opened the door，which surprised her parents. B 2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)Students who demonstrated against the war were sent into prison by the policemen.v.游行示威 (2)He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.n.军衔；军阶 (3)People poured into the square from all parts of the city.v.不断涌向 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The witness said he was too frightened to remember(remember) what had happened then. 2．To sum up，I sincerely call on you not to involve(involve) yourself in politics. 3．Having achieved remarkable(remark) results，he became famous in his profession. 4．The teacher persuaded many students in his class to participate in the cross-country running race organized by the school. 5．The boy who was in poverty studied day and night to compete for the scholarship. 6．At the peak of her career，the athlete ranked(rank) second in the championship. 7．I think as a Communist Party member it is very important that we should be faithful(faith) and committed to serving the people. 8．It is so urgent；nevertheless，the police command that all the drivers should limit the speed of their cars to 60km per hour on this road. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (改编自2020新高考全国Ⅰ——叙事类) 1．上周日，我参加了我们学校组织的一场越野赛跑。(participate) Last Sunday I participated in a cross-country running race organized by our school. 2．一开始，我对自己很有信心，觉得自己能完成任务。(faith) At the beginning，I had faith in myself and thought I could finish the task. 3．当接近终点线时，我太累了不能继续下去，甚至想放弃。(too...to...) When approaching the finish line，I was too tired to continue，and even wanted to give up. 4．我很自豪我坚持了下来，并在这次比赛中出乎意料地排名第二。(rank) I was proud that I persisted and ranked second in this race unexpectedly. 5．学生们和老师们都认为这次比赛不仅为学生们提供了锻炼身体的机会，而且让我们更有凝聚力。 (remark，not only...but also) Both students and teachers remarked that the race not only provided chance for the students to exercise，but also made us more cohesive. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．人物描写 solidarity n．团结，齐心协力 joint adj.联合的，共同的 faith n．信心；宗教信仰 fellow adj.同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n．同辈，同类；男人，家伙 ankle n．踝，踝关节 opponent n．对手，竞争者；反对者 2．动作描写 participate vi.参加，参与 compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌 rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉 3．环境描写 relay n．接力赛 vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 ballpark n．棒球场；变动范围 venue n．活动场地 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 David参加了100米接力赛。他的同伴们都对他充满了信心。不幸的是，他的脚踝半道受伤了。他落在了对手的后面。但他竭尽全力去追赶他人。他所有的队友都没有抱怨，相反，他们都尽力跑。最后，他们在这次比赛中位居第一名。是他们的团结和共同努力帮助了他们。所有的观众都为他们鼓掌喝彩。 David competed in 100-meter relay race.His fellows had faith in him.Unfortunately，his ankle got injured halfway.He fell behind his opponents. But he went all out to keep up with the others. All his teammates didn’t complain，instead，they all tried their best to run.In the end they ranked first in this competition.It was their solidarity and joint efforts that helped them. All the audience applauded and cheered up for them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$