必修第三册 Unit 2 Natural disasters（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（译林版 湘苏皖）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．county n．郡，县 2．roll call点名 3．tsunami n．海啸 4．bubble n．泡沫，泡，气泡 5．pole n．柱，杆；极 6．Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马人 7．unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 8．cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 9．ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败 2．crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 3．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 4．exit vt.& vi.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开 5．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 6．stair n．楼梯；梯级 7．roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 8．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 9．hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 10．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 11．odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 12．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 13．typhoon n．台风 14．hurricane n．飓风 15．conference n．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈 16．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供 17．charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容 18．staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于 19．slide n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 20．fund n．资金；基金 21．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 22．downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n．楼下 23．document n．文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档 24．honey n．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜 25．otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 26．destination n．目的地，终点 27．bar n．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止 28．import n．进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进 29．export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出 30．port n．港口，避风港；港口城市 31．dawn n．黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚 32．volcano n．火山 33．trunk n．树干 34．beyond adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外 35．pattern n．图案，花样；模式；范例；模型 36．column n．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列 37．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救 38．locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于) Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害→injured adj.受伤的 2．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应 3．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻；缓和 4．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruct v．破坏→destruction n．破坏 5．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息→informed adj.有学问的；有见识的 6．shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 7．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 8．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的；有权势的→powerless adj.无力的；无能的 9．donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠 10．curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地；奇怪地 11．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．爆发 12．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受 13．distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的 14．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；锋利地→sharpen vt.使锋利 15．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n．退休 1．discard vt.丢弃 2．discount n．折扣 3．discourage vt.阻止；使气馁 4．discrimination n．歧视 5．dismiss vt.遣散；解散；解雇 6．dominant adj.统治的 n．主因 7．dormitory n．学生宿舍 8．drawback n．缺点；不利之处 9．dynasty n．朝代 10．ecology n．生态；生态学 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．at large整个，全部 2．safe and sound安然无恙的 3．occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 4．keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 5．run out of用完，耗尽 6．take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7．break out突然开始，爆发 8．far and wide到处，各处 9．hold on to抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 10．to one’s relief让某人宽慰的是 11．in detail详细地 12．flood in涌入 13．in all directions朝着四面八方 14．above all最重要的是 15．in the distance在远处 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.(in case引导目的状语从句) 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏，打不开了。 2．The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句，动词不定式作定语) 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。 3．NEWDALE—On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(leave＋宾语＋宾补) 纽代尔——12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近海域，造成数千人死亡。 4．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(while 连接并列分句，表对比) 爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。 5．Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come！(情态动词＋have done) 火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着几度喷发的往事，这原本可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的是什么！ 6．Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(as if 引导方式状语从句) 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 A county located at the foot of a high mountain has beautiful scenery.So it is the destination of many visitors every year.Unfortunately，one day an earthquake 1.broke out there，which was one of the most destructive natural disasters.It was natural that a person couldn’t keep his head when a terrible disaster 2.occurred，not to mention the children.Some cried，scared and even became numb.Others hugged each other tightly.Luckily，only a small number of people were badly 3.injured，and most suffered slight injuries.Everywhere people looked，there was nothing but ruins.They were in shock.Soon after the quake，the rescue team arrived.After confirming that most people were safe and sound，the leader smiled with 4.relief.Some charities immediately supplied the county with food，shelters and funds；many individuals also began to 5.donate some food and clothes to the victims the moment they were informed of the news. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元的词汇复现 signal vi.&vt.发信号，示意；表明；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 •signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal sb that...示意某人…… •a traffic signal交通信号 (1)The policeman in the distance signalled to the car to stop(stop) so that the pedestrian could cross the street safely. (2)铃声响起，这表示放学了，学生们站起来，抓起书包，像箭一样冲下楼去。(读后续写之动作链描写) The bell rang，signalling that school was over，and all the students rose to their feet，seized their schoolbags and went downstairs like arrows. (3)这个善良的人抱起受伤的男孩，把他放到车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。(读后续写之动作链描写) The kind man lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，ignoring the traffic signals all the way. confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 confirm sth 确认某事 confirm that...确认/证实…… It has been confirmed that...已确认/证实…… (1)It has not been confirmed what effects the GM material has on the food chain. (2)他说的话证实了他与此事无关。 What he said confirmed that he had nothing to do with the incident. (3)已经证实，肥胖往往是缺乏运动和不健康的饮食导致的。(话题写作之饮食与健康) It has been confirmed that obesity often results from lack of exercise and unhealthy diets. occur vi.(occurred；occurred；occurring)发生；出现；存在于；(想法)产生 (occurrence n．出现；发生；事件) sth occurs/occurred to sb 某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起要做某事。 (1)A perfect idea occurred to us that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day. (2)It seldom occurred to them to wander(wander) a bit，to take a moment to see what’s around them. (3)我突然想到，这只熊可能会被我们大蒜面包的气味吸引，所以我把面包尽可能地向远处扔去。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写) It occurred to/struck/hit me that the bear might be attracted by the smell of our garlic bread.So I threw the bread as far as I could. relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；宽慰，轻松；救济 (relieve vt.减轻；缓和) •in/with relief欣慰地，释然地；松了口气 to one’s relief(＝to the relief of sb)让某人宽慰的是 •relieve sb of...将某人从……中解脱出来；帮助某人减轻(负担) (1)When arriving at the destination，all of us breathed a sigh of relief(relieve)． (2)Seeing their son came back safe and sound，the couple smiled in/with relief. (3)At the conference，it has been decided that a secretary will be hired to relieve the manager of some of the administrative work. (4)令我们松了一口气的是，直升机在那只熊把围栏拆掉之前到达了。 (2020·浙江7月，读后续写) To our relief/To the relief of us，the helicopter arrived before the bear tore down the fence. inform vt.告知；通知；了解，熟悉 (informed adj.有见识的；有学问的) inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事 inform sb that...通知某人…… keep sb informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道…… (1)It’s necessary for us to keep the new staff informed(inform) of the procedure of taking office. (2)你能提前告知我你的计划，以便我据此做出安排吗？(应用文写作之邀请信) Would you please inform me of/about/keep me informed of/about your plan in advance，so I can make arrangements accordingly? (3)我很抱歉地告诉你，周末我不能和你外出了。(2021·北京，书面表达) I’m sorry to inform you that I will fail to go out with you this weekend. shock n．休克；打击；震惊，惊愕 vt.使震惊；使惊愕 (shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的) •in shock震惊地；休克 be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 •be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊 (1)The news that he died in the rescue work is so shocking(shock) that everyone is very shocked at/by it. (2)Tom was shocked to know(know) that the dam had been destroyed in the flood. (3)Looking at the house which lay in ruins in shock，he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped. (4)看到厨房一片狼藉，父亲惊呆了。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，the father was numb with shock. scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓 (scared adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；害怕的 scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的) •scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 scare...away/off把……吓跑 •be scared to death吓得要死 be scared to do sth/of doing sth 害怕做某事 (1)At the sight of the scary scene，the young girl was too scared to move.(scare) (2)The robber scared her into handing over her money and gold ring. (3)Seeing the volcanic eruption in the distance，I had to admit I was scared(scare) to death. (4)北极熊越靠近我们，我们就越害怕。我们试着用辣椒喷雾把它吓跑。 (2020·浙江7月，读后续写) The nearer the polar bear was，the more scared we got.We tried to use the pepper spray to scare it away/off. power n．能力；力量；控制力；权力；动力；电，电力 (powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的；健壮的；强大的powerless adj.无影响力的；无权的；无能为力) in power当权 come to/into power开始掌权；上台 in/beyond one’s power在某人的能力范围内/超出某人的能力 (1)The government came to/into power in 2020；that is，it has been in power for less than three years. (2)Sometimes a smile is so powerful(power) that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage. (3)如果你有什么问题，尽管来找我。我会尽我所能帮助你。(应用文写作之建议信) If you have any troubles，just turn to me.I’ll do everything in my power to help you. 用法点拨　(be) in power表状态，可以和时间段连用；come to/into power表动作，不和时间段连用。 curious adj.好奇的；奇特的；求知欲强的 (curiosity n．好奇，好奇心 curiously adv.好奇地；奇怪地) •be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 极想做某事 •out of curiosity出于好奇 with curiosity＝curiously好奇地 (1)A boy who was curious about everything was curious to know(know) what his mother put in the box；to satisfy his curiosity(curious)，he opened that box. (2)Hearing her cry，the other people in the restaurant turned around to look at her curiously(curious)． (3)“What if we run out of our energy？” the girl asked his father with curiosity. (4)我很想得到这个成为我们学校英语协会志愿者的机会。 I am curious to get the chance to be a volunteer of the English Association of our school. distance n．距离；远方；间距；遥远；冷淡；疏远；差异 (distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的) from a distance (of)从远处 in the distance在远处 at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远；离一段距离 keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from sb 对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离 (1)We saw a squirrel at a distance of five meters，but the squirrel ran away and disappeared in the distance immediately it found us approaching. (2)当她小心翼翼地沿着小溪走着时，一个熟悉的身影从远处向她走了过来。(读后续写之场景描写) As she picked her way carefully along the stream，a familiar figure came up to her from a distance. (3)确实很难与她相处融洽，因为她总是对每个人都很冷淡。 It’s really difficult to get along well with her because she always keeps everyone at a distance/keeps her distance from everyone. locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于) (location n．地点；位置) be located on/at/in...位于…… (1)Qingdao is an attractive city located(locate) on the coast of China. (2)The location(locate) of our tourist destination is close to a port with beautiful scenery. (3)广州位于中国南方，被认为是我国最具现代化的城市之一。(话题写作之地理位置与方位介绍) [普通表达]　Guangzhou is located in the south of China and is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country. [高级表达]　Located in the south of China，Guangzhou is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country.(分词短语作状语) run out of (人)用完，耗尽；从……流出/跑出 run out用完，耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态) give out用完；筋疲力尽；发出(主语为物，无被动语态) use up用完，耗尽(“人”作主语，是及物动词短语) What a terrible day! First，food and drinking water had been used up before we reached the destination.Then，my husband was driving when the car suddenly broke down.It turned out that the gas had run out/given out.So we had to walk along the road until our strength gave out.We finally reached a small hotel but unfortunately，we found we had run out of/used up our money.(选择合适的短语补全语段) as if/though　Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 •as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，在此处引导状语从句，也可引导表语从句；引导状语从句时常用省略形式，后面可直接跟不定式、分词、名词、形容词、介词短语等。 •as if引导从句中的语气和时态： (1)陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生) (2)虚拟语气 (1)She described the destructive typhoon to us so vividly as if she had experienced(experience) herself. (2)When his mother kissed him on the cheek，it seemed as if the baby were(be) on top of the world.(读后续写之心情描写) (3)我们讨论了一会儿我的意见，我觉得他怀疑地看着我，好像在说这是多么蠢。 (2022·浙江1月，读后续写) We discussed my opinion for a while，and I felt he was eyeing me doubtfully as if to say how stupid it was. (4)听到家乡发生水灾的消息，玛丽吓得僵住了，好像被定在了地上。(读后续写之情感描写) Hearing the news that her hometown was hit by the flood，Mary froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground. 1．With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(2022·全国乙) 由于它们能够看到前方，它们可以就任何问题发出警示，这样，快速行驶的列车可以及时做出反应。 2．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ) 艺术家旅社距市中心车站只需步行10分钟，紧挨本市所有主要景点。 3．From 2000 to 2019，there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world，resulting in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.(2021·北京) 2000年至2019年，全球发生重大自然灾害7 348起，造成经济损失29 700亿美元。 4．The family called the Italian Culture Ministry；the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.(2020·全国Ⅱ) (Nicolo)一家给意大利文化部打了电话，官员证实了这两幅画都是真迹，价格高达5 000万美元。 5．Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 护理中心的工作人员报告说，在喂养母鸡的地方，药物的使用减少了。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．supply A.n.供应量；补给量　B.n.生活必需品，补给品　C.vt.供给，供应 (1)The media supplies lots of information to us every day. C (2)In China，there is a plentiful supply of cheap labour. A (3)It was said that the refugees had run out of the supplies. B 2．flood (1)I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front. E (2)The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. A (3)The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their village. C (4)Floods of people come to the West Lake to admire the beautiful scenery every year. B (5)Refugees continued to flood into neighbouring countries，leading to great panic. D 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)The naughty boy smashed the window with an iron bar，which annoyed the old man.条，块 (2)Please remember to cut off the power or it may lead to fire.电 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．It was confirmed that a large amount of money raised by our organization had been donated to the local school. 2．We were going to take some photographs with the cattle，but they were scared(scare) away. 3．The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the process of the important project. 4．A good idea occurred to me that I might join a related organization as a volunteer in defence of the wildlife. 5．I’m curious to know(know) how to help the people in this region get rid of poverty. 6．His political activity made him a powerful(power) figure in the committee. 7．To his relief，he has entirely recovered and can take part in the sports meeting to be held next month. 8．We are shocked(shock) that there are still some people damaging the animals’ habitats or even tracking and killing them. 9．My first reaction(react) to the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger. 10．The couple knew their son’s application was rejected，but they behaved as if nothing had happened(happen)． Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (邀请外教参观中国剪纸展) 1．我突然想到上次你告诉我，你想了解更多的中国传统文化。(occur) It occurred to me that last time you told me you wanted to know more about traditional Chinese culture. 2．所以，我写信告知你，我们学校将举办一个中国剪纸展并邀请你参观。(inform) Therefore，I’m writing to inform you that there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition in our school and invite you to visit it. 3．你会为之感到震惊的是展出的很多剪纸作品都是著名艺术家创作的。(shock) You will be shocked that many paper-cutting works on show are created by famous artists. 4．参观完展览后，你很可能会感觉自己好像就是一个熟悉中国剪纸的中国人。(as if) After visiting the exhibition，you may feel as if you were a Chinese who is familiar with Chinese paper-cutting. 5．如果你想了解更多关于这次展览的详细信息，请联系我。(curious) If you’re curious to learn more detailed information about the exhibition，please contact me. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．情感描写 odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤 scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓 curious adj.好奇的；奇特的 2．动作描写 crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 3．环境描写 disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败 tsunami n．海啸 downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n．楼下 destination n．目的地，终点 bar n．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 port n．港口，避风港；港口城市 ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 这个海滩是著名的旅游目的地。那天，海滩上与往常一样。游客们跑着，打着排球，或者只是坐在沙滩上。突然，一个小女孩注意到一些奇怪的事。她感到很好奇，便向父母询问此事。她的父母立刻意识到这是海啸来临的前兆。他们感到震惊和害怕。但很快他们想到一定要保持冷静并立即通知安全员。令他们宽慰的是，在安全员的帮助下，所有人都很幸运地躲过了这场灾难。 The beach is a famous tourist destination.That day was like any other day on the beach.Tourists were running，playing volleyball or just sitting on the sandy beach.Suddenly，a little girl noticed something odd.She felt curious and asked her parents about that.Her parents realized immediately that these were signals of an approaching tsunami.They were shocked and scared.But soon it occurred to them that they should keep their heads and inform the safety officers immediately.To their relief，with the aid of the safety officers，all the people were fortunate enough to shelter from the disaster. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$