必修第二册 Unit 2 Be sporty，be healthy（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（译林版 湘苏皖）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．bat n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt.& vi.用球棒(板)击球 2．immune adj.有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 3．aerobic adj.有氧的；需氧的 4．tai chi n．太极拳，太极 5．carbohydrate n．碳水化合物，糖类 6．crane n．鹤 7．rooster n．雄鸡 8．imitate vt.模仿；仿效 9．philosophy n．哲学 10．unity n．统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．soccer n．〈美〉足球运动 2．skydiving n．跳伞运动 3．lung n．肺 4．disease n．病，疾病 5．moreover adv.此外，而且 6．reduce vt.减少，缩小 7．routine n．常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 8．muscle n．肌肉，肌 9．jogging n．慢跑锻炼 10．skiing n．滑雪(运动) 11．pull-up n．引体向上 12．bone n．骨头，骨 13．gymnastics n．体操，体操训练 14．stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 15．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 16．movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 17．petrol n．汽油 18．protein n．蛋白质 19．average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 20．throughout prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 21．sweat n．汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 22．prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 23．tissue n．(人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 24．maintain vt.维持；维修，保养 25．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 26．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 27．athlete n．运动员 28．boxing n．拳击运动 29．champion n．冠军，第一名 30．court n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 31．plus conj.而且，此外 prep.加；和 32．nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 33．gym n．健身房，体育馆 34．partner n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 35．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 36．nowadays adv.现今，现在 37．master n．大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 38．ache vi.& n．疼痛，隐痛 39．root vt.& vi.(使)生根 n．根，根茎；根源，起因 40．backwards(also backward) adv.向后；朝反方向 41．diagram n．简图，图解，图表，示意图 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→congratulate vt.祝贺 2．assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n．假定；设想 3．tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→tendency n．趋势；倾向；偏好 4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 5．injury n．伤害，损伤→injure vt.伤害，损伤→injured adj.受伤的 6．equipment n．配备，装备；设备→equip v．配备；装备 7．lack vi.& vt.缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺→lacking adj.没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n．播音员；宣告者 9．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj.犹豫的，踌躇的 10．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．允许进入；承认；入场费 11．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj.受鼓舞的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 12．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n．探险；探索，探究→explorer n．探险者 13．satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt.满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满足的；(感到)满意的 14．exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existence n．生存；存在→existing adj.目前的，现有的 15．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸；呼出→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 1．certify vt.证明，证实；颁发证书给 2．circular adj.圆形的；绕圈的 3．circulate v．(使)循环，(使)流通 4．civilize vt.使文明，开化 5．civilization n．文明；教化 6．classical adj.传统的；古典的 7．clarify vt.澄清；阐明 8．clarification n．澄清，阐明 9．coincidence n．碰巧；巧合 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2．over the long term长期 3．stick with持续，坚持 4．make up for弥补，补偿 5．put the finishing touches to对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6．in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7．under the weather略有不适，不舒服 8．no wonder不足为奇，并不奇怪 9．be rooted in起源于 10．prevent...from...阻止…… 11．to start with首先，作为开始 12．get over克服 13．play a role in在……中发挥作用，扮演角色 14．keep up保持，维持 15．have an effect on对……有影响 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) 事实也证明，经常锻炼的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 2．Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings.(动名词短语作主语) 锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服负面情绪。 3．When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility.(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do...) 制订锻炼计划时，首先需要考虑的是你期望在哪些方向有所改善，是心肺功能、肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 4．To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(状语从句的省略) 为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时，要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 5．Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th-century Taoist，was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(sb be v．-ed to do...) 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极拳。 6．Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations.(现在分词短语作结果状语) 太极拳教会了我放松大脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does wonders for us.Now，let’s look at the benefits in detail.Firstly，doing exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over the long term.Studies also show that working out can help us 1.reduce stress and get over negative thoughts.In a word，exercise is good for our body and mind. There’re different kinds of activities.Aerobic activities，like jogging and skiing，can develop heart and lungs.Strength training，such as pull-ups and weightlifting，increases 2.muscle strength and encourages bone development.Flexibility training，including gymnastics and tai chi，helps 3.stretch your muscles and improve your body’s range of movement.Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang which cannot 4.exist independent of each other. Do choose your favourite activities and 5.stick with it.When exercising，you must wear proper clothes and equipment to avoid injuries.Remember to drink to 6.make up for water lost to sweat.Gradually，you will find，to your satisfaction，that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺(常用复数) (congratulate vt.祝贺) •express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb 向某人祝贺 a letter of congratulation贺信 •congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 (1)Congratulations(congratulate) to you on your winning the champion during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. (2)The president of that country sent a letter of congratulation(congratulate) to our country on our holding the Winter Olympics successfully. (3)我们祝贺你们通过了高考。 ①We express/offer/send our congratulations to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulation) ②We congratulate you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulate) range n．一系列；(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；种类；山脉 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 •a full/wide range of...大范围的……，各种…… in/within the range of...在射程以内；在……范围内 beyond/out of range of...在射程外；在……范围外 •range from...to.../range between...and...包括从……到……之间；在……到……之间变化 (1)For persons who are able to develop an immune response，the death rate is usually within/in the range of 10%－15%. (2)我们的俱乐部正在举办一系列的活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵。我们期待着你的加入。 (2022·天津，书面表达) ①A range of activities are being held in our Club，which range from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.We are expecting your joining.(which引导的定语从句) ②A range of activities are being held in our Club，ranging from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.We are expecting your joining.(分词作状语) injury n．损害，损伤，伤害 (injure vt.损伤，伤害 injured adj.受伤的) •do sb an injury/do an injury to sb 伤害某人 •get/be injured受伤 •the injured受伤的人；伤员 (1)Dogs’ masters should be responsible if their pets do an injury(injure) to other people. (2)尽管腿受了伤，疼得厉害，他还是决定完成比赛。 ①Though he got/was injured in the leg and it ached a lot，he was determined to finish the race. ②Though injured in the leg and it ached a lot，he was determined to finish the race.(用状语从句的省略改写) (3)营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(读后续写之动作链描写) The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows，offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the hospital nearby. equipment n．配备，装备；设备 (equip v．配备；装备；使有所准备；使能够胜任) equip...with...用……装备…… equip sb for (doing) sth 使某人为(做)某事而准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人具备做某事的条件 be equipped with配备有……(表状态) (1)Our school has bought a lot of new equipment(equip) since the new gym was set up. (2)It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak(speak)． (3)My English teacher is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us students.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ①Equipped with much experience in teaching，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) ②Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vi.& vt.缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的；没有的) •(a) lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… •lack (for) sth 缺少某物 •be lacking in在……方面缺乏 (1)For lack of enough energy，the athlete was under the weather and left the match at last. (2)健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。(话题写作之健康生活) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise. (3)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。 (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) ①Though they lacked cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. ②Though lacking cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(用省略句改写) 用法点拨　lack可用作及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，但通常不用于被动语态和进行时。名词lack常与of连用。 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称；预示 (announcement n．通知；宣布，宣告) •announce sth to sb (＝announce to sb sth )向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称；据宣布…… •make an announcement下通知；宣布 (1)The airline announced to the media that the flight to the USA was canceled. (2)It was announced(announce) that the boxing athlete was innocent of the crime. (3)请注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“Growing Together”将于7点半在学校大厅上映。(应用文写作之通知) Attention，please.I have an announcement to make.An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7∶30. hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇，迟疑；不愿；顾虑；疑虑 (hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑 hesitant adj.犹豫的，踌躇的) •hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over...对……犹豫不决 •without hesitation毫不犹豫地 (1)To be honest，I was hesitant about/over/in/at choosing him as my partner. (2)如果你陷入了困境，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。 ① If you get into trouble，don’t hesitate to turn to us for help.(hesitate) ② If you get into trouble，do turn to us for help without hesitation.(hesitation) admit vt.& vi.承认(过错、罪行)，招认；接纳；准许进入；准许加入；容纳 (admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费) admit sth/doing sth/having done sth 承认某事/做过某事 admit...to be...承认……是…… admit that...承认…… admit...into/to...允许……进入……；允许成为……中的一员；接收(入学) (1)Hearing that the admission(admit) to the concert is only ￡5，I didn’t hesitate to go to buy a ticket. (2)She apologized to her teacher and admitted breaking/having broken(break) a piece of equipment in the lab by mistake. (3)得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信) Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you. (4)现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我想邀请你加入。(应用文写作之邀请信) The table tennis team of our school is admitting new members right now so I would like to invite you to join. inspire vt.激励；鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) [inspiration n．启示；灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 inspired adj.卓越的；受到鼓舞的] inspire sb to do...激励某人做…… (1)Inspired(inspire) by her，I have learnt to stay positive even when I feel defeated. (2)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration(inspire) to her family. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ) (3)最激励我们的是他完成比赛的毅力和决心。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) What inspires us most is his perseverance and resolution to complete his race. satisfaction n．满足，达到；满意；欣慰(satisfy vt.使满意；满足 satisfied adj.满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意的) •with satisfaction满意地 to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是 •satisfy one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要 •be satisfied with sth/sb对某事/某人感到满意 be satisfied to do sth对做某事感到满意 (1)To my satisfaction，my son finally found a satisfactory/satisfying job and he was satisfied to work in the firm.(satisfy) (2)为了满足我的需要，爸爸为我创造了一个好的学习氛围。看着我的成绩单，我爸爸满意地点了点头，脸上绽开了微笑。(读后续写之心理描写) To satisfy my needs，my father created a good learning atmosphere for me.Looking at my report card，my father nodded with satisfaction，a smile spreading across his face. (3)你的旅行社曾作出“保证满意”的承诺，可是事实上没有一个游客对你们的服务满意。(应用文写作之投诉信) Your travel agency had promised “Satisfaction Guaranteed”，but as a matter of fact，none of the tourists was satisfied with your service. exist vi.存在；生活，生存 (existence n．存在；生存 existing adj.目前的，现存的) •exist on靠……为生 There exists/existed...某地有……；存在…… •come into existence产生；成立；开始存在 (1)You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he is earning. (2)No one knows when such a custom first came into existence(exist)． (3)众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。 As is known to us all，there exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 用法点拨　exist只用作不及物动词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时。 in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 (respond vi.回应，反应，回答) •make a response to对……作出回应 •respond to回答/回应…… (1)In response to the Sunshine Sports Activities launched by our school，we have organized long-distance running in the morning. (2)Receiving a letter doesn’t mean you need to make a response(respond) to it. (3)不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。(应用文写作之建议信) Don’t respond to any e-mails requesting personal information，no matter how official they look. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth　When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility.制订锻炼计划时，首先需要考虑的是你期望在哪些方向有所改善，是心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 •当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the only，the very时，常用不定式作后置定语。 •动词不定式用来修饰的多是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，attempt 等。 (1)The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. (2)我们抓住了登上梯子的黄金机会，通过梯子上了直升机。(2020·7月浙江，读后续写) We seized the golden chance to climb the ladder，through which we got into the helicopter. (3)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) John was the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help Bernard out of difficulty. (4)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(应用文写作之申请信) I can speak fluent English and I am the only student in my class to go abroad for further study.There is no doubt that I am the best person to be responsible for the job. 状语从句的省略　To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. 为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时，要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 状语从句的省略有两种形式： •当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 •当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。 (1)He gradually recovered after treated(treat) for a time. (2)工作的时候，我意识到烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。 While working，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. (3)If it is possible，I am going to visit some homes of the old in the city. →If possible，I am going to visit some homes of the old in the city. 1．One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月) 有一天，我得到消息说他因严重疾病住院了。 2．For the study,191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.(2022·浙江1月) 在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性参加了自行车运动测试，直到她们疲惫不堪，以测量她们的心血管容量峰值。 3．The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独，改善老人的健康状况。 4．While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.(2020·全国Ⅰ) 虽然我倾向于买很多书，但这三本书都是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。 5．In any given office，employees can range from 22 to 70 and beyond，and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.(2020·全国Ⅱ) 在任何一个特定的办公室里，员工的年龄范围可以在22岁到70岁及以上，而在沟通方式上找到共同点可能是一个挑战。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．average (1)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. D (2)The candidates’ age ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37. A (3)It’s said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. C (4)The average American has not even thought about next year’s election. B 2．admit (1)Only ticket-holders will be admitted to the cinema. B (2)Everyone of us should have the courage to admit our mistakes. A (3)Only athletes who have reached the standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. C (4)The gym to be completed next month can admit 1,000 people at a time. D 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)I called the office to update them on the day’s development.向……提供最新消息 (2)Suffering a massive earthquake，the city was reduced to ruins.使沦落，使陷入窘境 (3)In order to inspire more students to participate in sports activities，our school has built more basketball courts and tennis courts.球场 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．After a heated discussion，it has been decided that the old system will be replaced by/with a new one. 2．To his parents’ surprise，the boy has been admitted into/to a key university. 3．The government announced that they would adopt approaches to prevent such a case happening (happen) again. 4．The first to give(give) us the lecture is a famous historian from England. 5．Congratulations(congratulate) to you on winning an award in the English speech contest. 6．With regard to children’s education，most parents attach importance to it，while the minority assume it to be(be) meaningless. 7.Despite being full of horror，he threw his bike towards the wolf without hesitation(hesitate)． 8．Even schools in mountain villages tend to attach(attach) importance to cultivating students’ creative thinking. 9．We should equip ourselves with knowledge and creative spirits which are the most important factors for success! 10．While travelling(travel) in Europe，he found many interesting events and experienced different cultures. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)——英文报Youth庆祝创刊十周年 1．作为本报的忠实读者之一，首先我谨表示衷心的祝贺。(congratulations) As one of the faithful readers of this newspaper，firstly I would like to offer/express/send my sincere congratulations. 2．它涵盖了各种主题，从诗歌到科幻小说，这拓宽了我们的视野。(range) It covers a variety of topics，ranging from poems to science fiction，which broaden our horizon. 3．Youth Viewpoint这个栏目最受我们这些学生的欢迎，它鼓励我们发表我们的观点。(inspire) Youth Viewpoint is the most popular with us students，which inspires us to present our views. 4．对我而言，阅读时我会忘记一切烦恼，从而放松了自己。(状语从句的省略) For me，while reading，I will always forget all my troubles and relax myself. 5．我认为Youth在未来会给读者带来更多的惊喜并且更受欢迎。(assume) I assume that Youth will bring more surprise to its readers and enjoy more popularity. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．情感描写 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑 satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到 stick with持续，坚持 2．动作描写 stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 lack vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 3．环境描写 nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 (2020·浙江7月，读后续写)——与北极熊斗智斗勇 一只熊正在附近湖边玩耍。他嗅到了我们的面包的气味，然后他靠着他的嗅觉到了我们的位置。他太饿了，似乎马上就会把我们吞下去。太恐怖了！突然，我想到了一个好主意。我打算用面包来阻止他的攻击。我把面包尽可能地扔向远处。这确实有效了。熊毫不犹豫地朝面包方向跑去。应我们的要求，直升机很快就到了。我们满意地爬了进去。这真是一次可怕而宝贵的经历。 A bear was playing beside a nearby lake.He sniffed the smell of our bread，and then he followed his nose to our position.He was so hungry that it seemed that he would swallow us in a minute.How terrible! Suddenly，a good idea occurred to me.I intended to use the bread to prevent his attack.I threw the bread as far as I could.It did work.The bear didn’t hesitate to run to the bread.In response to our request，the helicopter soon arrived.We climbed into it with satisfaction.It was a horrible and precious experience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$