必修第一册 Unit 3 Getting along with others（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（译林版 湘苏皖）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．medium n．(pl.media)传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具 adj.中等的，中号的 2．blog n．博客，网志 3．slave n．奴隶 4．raft n．木排，筏 5．well-meaning adj.出于好心的，善意的 6．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．awkward adj.局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的 2．sight n．视野；视力；看见 3．horrible adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的 4．chat vi.& n．聊天，闲聊 5．café n．咖啡馆，小餐馆 6．loss n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失 7．case n．具体情况，事例；案件；容器 8．definitely adv.肯定，确实；确切地 9．trick vt.欺骗，欺诈 n．诡计，花招；戏法 10．misunderstand vt.& vi.(misunderstood，misunderstood)误解，误会 11．contact vt.& n．联系，联络 12．generous adj.宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的 13．shallow adj.肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的 14．theme n．主题；主旋律 15．opinion n．意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰 16．quality n．品德，素质；质量；特征 adj.优质的，高质量的 17．extra adj.额外的，分外的，附加的 adv.额外，另外；特别，格外 18．measure vt.估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量 19．seek(sought，sought) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找 20．escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱 21．joy n．高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣 22．moment n．时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻 23．indeed adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地 24．thorough adj.彻底的，全面的；仔细的 25．company n．陪伴，做伴；公司 26．crowd n．一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌 27．poet n．诗人 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的 n．原件，原稿→origin n．起源→originally adv.最初 2．recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recovery n．恢复 3．judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断 4．apologize vi.道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉 5．behavio(u)r n．行为，举止，态度→behave vi.举止；表现 6．frank adj.坦率的，直率的→frankly adv.坦率地 7．ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知 8．suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→suffering n．痛苦，苦难→sufferer n．患者，受难者 9．explode vi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt.使爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆发 10．respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面→respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊重的→respectable adj.体面的；值得尊敬的 11．efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的→efficiency n．效率；效能 12．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflect v．反思；反射 13．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的 14．comfort vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的 15．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→fail vi.& vt.失败；不及格 16．recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n．认出；认可；承认 17．death n．死，死亡；死亡状态→dead adj.死的→die vi.死亡 18．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩；欣赏 1．anniversary n．周年纪念日 2．announce vt.宣布，宣告 3．antique n．古董，古玩 4．apart adv.& adj.相隔，相距；除外 5．apparent adj.表面上的；明显的 6．appeal vi.对……有吸引力；上诉；呼吁 7．appetite n．食欲；嗜好 8．application n．申请 9．approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近 n．方法 10．approve vt.批准；通过 vi.赞成 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．on the rocks(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 2．out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 3．make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功 4．at a loss不知所措，困惑 5．in the wrong有错，应承担责任 6．in any case无论如何，不管怎样 7．let go of放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 8．count on依赖，依靠，指望 9．eat away at腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 10．come between...and...损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍 11．in person亲自，亲身 12．high point最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13．through thick and thin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 14．in one’s opinion在某人看来 15．get over克服；恢复常态 16．bring out使显现，使表现出 17．smooth out消除(问题)，克服(困难) 18．be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事 19．take on呈现，具有 20．in full measure最大程度地，最大限度地 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Since then，a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me.(“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用) 从那时起，我们之间建立了一份亲密的友谊，她几乎就像我的姐妹。 2．Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.(动词不定式作表语) 我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影。 3．I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day...(so...that...如此……以至于……) 我如此生气以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她…… 4．We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(find＋it＋宾补＋to do...) 我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 5．Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.(it should be pointed out that...；it作形式主语) 最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 Friendship is important to all of us and we all value it.But unfortunately，one day your friendship may be on the rocks.In that case，what should you do？I’ll make some suggestions here. Firstly，in my opinion，it is a good idea to think your behaviour through.If you are in the wrong，you’d better 1.apologize to your friend.If it is your friend’s fault，or he/she has misunderstood you, you mustn’t ignore his/her feelings，but instead，find an opportunity to 2.chat with him/her in person.Secondly，once your friend suffers a great loss or a big failure，spare no effort to 3.comfort him/her and do tell him/her that you support and admire him/her.In addition，if you find out that your friend feels lonely，you should keep him/her 4.company even if you are occupied.Lastly，once you are tricked by your friend，it is really horrible！It is necessary for you to have a full and 5.frank talk with him/her and listen to what he/she has to say and then decide whether you should let go of your friendship or not. In a word，a friend in need is a friend 6.indeed.May all of us treasure friendship. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；认为，判断；判决 n．裁判员；法官[judg(e)ment n．判断力；意见；宣判；评判] •judge...from/by...从……来判断…… as far as I can judge＝in my judgement据我判断；我认为 •judging by/from...从……来看；根据……来判断 (1)As the old saying goes，“You can’t judge a book by/from its cover.” (2)Judging(judge) from the look on her face，the twins knew their mother was satisfied with what they did.(2021·新高考全国 Ⅰ，读后续写) (3)我认为，阅读和写作课程很适合你，因为你是要阅读书面文本并分享你的想法。 (2021·上海，书面表达) As far as I can judge/In my judgement，the Reading and Writing courses are fit for you，because you intend to read written texts and share your thoughts. 用法点拨　judging from/by...表示“从……来看；根据……来判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。 apologize vi.道歉，谢罪 (apology n．[C]&[U]道歉；歉意) •apologize to sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事而向某人道歉 •owe sb an apology＝owe an apology to sb 应该向某人表示歉意 make an apology to sb (for...)(为……)向某人道歉 (1)You should make an apology to her for your carelessness to ease the awkward situation. (2)To be frank，you shouldn’t have spoken to your father in a rude manner.You owe him an apology(apologize)． (3)我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。(应用文写作之道歉信) I have to apologize to you/make an apology to you for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time. case n．事例；事件；具体情况；病例；案件；容器 in case以防(万一) in case of万一……，如果发生…… in any case无论如何；总之 in no case决不(置于句首时，引起部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事 (1)I held the rope tightly in case I might fall off. (2)In my opinion，you’d better give us a thorough explanation in case of being misunderstood. (3)As is often the case，his mind is wandering in class，which leads to his failure in the exam. (4)我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当地使用这一语言的情况。(话题写作之语言学习) We’ll discuss a case where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (5)We can in no case go against the law of nature，or we’ll suffer a great loss. →In no case can we go against the law of nature，or we’ll suffer a great loss.(用倒装句升级) 用法点拨　当case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时，要用where引导定语从句。 suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受 (suffering n．痛苦；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n．受害者；患者) •suffer from遭受……折磨；患……病 •suffer pains/hardships/damage/loss遭受痛苦/艰难/破坏/损失 (1)It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you ignore the doctor’s advice. (2)There are always some ups and downs in our life，but it is the sufferings(suffer) that make us stronger.(续写升华) (3)After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world. →Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) respect vt.尊敬，尊重 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面(respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 respectful adj.尊重的；表示敬意的) •respect sb for sth 因为某事而尊敬某人 •have/show respect for sb 尊重某人 give one’s respects to sb 向某人问候/致意 in every respect在各方面 in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于…… (1)I respect the old man for his generous help，contributing almost all his savings to that poor boy. (2)在你到家后，请代我向你父亲致意。 After arriving at your home，give my respects to your father. (3)在我们生活的许多方面，总有值得尊敬的人。至于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) In many respects of our life，there are always respectable people.With respect to/In respect of the person I respect most，I have to mention my maths teacher. measure vt.测量；估量；判定；量度为 n．措施；衡量；尺度；标准；计量制；计量单位 •measure...by...用……来衡量…… •make...to sb’s measure给某人量身定做…… take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 (1)The suit fits me.It seems to have been made to my own measure. (2)该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。(话题写作之环境保护) It is (high) time that we took/should take measures/steps/action to keep the air from being polluted. (3)那间五米宽的房间住起来很舒服。 ①The room which/that measures five meters across is comfortable to live in.(定语从句) ②The room measuring five meters across is comfortable to live in.(分词形式作后置定语) 用法点拨　(1)measure用作“措施”时，常用其复数形式。 (2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。 escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃避；逃跑；避免；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏 n．逃脱；逃避；漏出 •escape from从……逃脱；逃避…… escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事 •a narrow escape九死一生 (1)What annoyed me was that I didn’t escape being paired (pair) with that annoying guy. (2022·浙江1月，读后续写) (2)To their relief，the trapped students narrowly escaped from the shaking building. (3)最后，我们九死一生，幸运地避免了被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。 (2020·浙江7月，读后续写) At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear. benefit vi.得益于 vt.有益于；使受益 n．优势，益处，成效；救济金；奖金(beneficial adj.有益的) •benefit from/by从……中受益 •for one’s benefit(＝for the benefit of sb)为了某人的利益 •be beneficial to＝be of benefit to对……有益 (1)As we all know，failure is the mother of success，from which we benefit a lot. (2)China is pushing the reform of public hospitals in full measure for the benefit of all its citizens. (3)我认为，阅读英语书籍最让学生受益。(2022·全国乙，书面表达) ①As far as I can judge，students benefit most from reading English books.(benefit from) ②As far as I can judge，reading English books benefits students most.(benefit sb) ③As far as I can judge，reading English books is of great benefit to students.(be of benefit) recognize vt.认出，辨别出；意识到，承认；认可；赏识，表彰；正式向……致谢(recognition n．认出；认识；承认) •recognize...as/to be...把……看作…… It is recognized that...人们公认…… •beyond recognition认不出来；无法辨认 (1)Zhong Nanshan is recognized to be(be) one of the greatest scientists and all the citizens admire him. (2)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition(recognize)． (3)人们一致认为环境污染已经变成最严重的问题之一。(话题写作之环境保护) It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems. admire vt.钦佩；赞美；欣赏；羡慕 (admiration n．[U]赞赏；钦佩；仰慕 admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的；绝妙的；极好的) admire sb for sth 因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人 (1)I admire the poet for her good quality and remarkable ability and I can’t wait to express my admiration when reading her admirable works.(用合适的词或admire的适当形式填空) (2)说到中国历史上的著名人物，我最钦佩张骞。(话题写作之人物介绍) When it comes to famous figures in Chinese history，I admire Zhang Qian most. out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线 catch sight of望见；看到 lose sight of 看不见 come into sight进入视野内；映入眼帘 at first sight乍一看 at the sight of一看到 out of sight看不到 (1)用sight短语的适当形式填空 ①Only a short-sighted man will lose sight of the importance of education. ②The crowd cheered up the moment they caught sight of their idol. ③To my joy，the mountain town came into sight as we turned the last corner. ④The mother stood in the street until the car was out of her sight. (2)在露营的夜晚，一看到无边的夜空和闪闪发光的星星我们就兴奋起来。(读后续写之环境描写) During the camping nights，we were thrilled at the sight of the boundless night sky and the sparkling stars. bring out 使显现，使表现出 bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring in引进；获利；赚钱 bring about引起；导致 bring down使倒下；减少；降低 bring back把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复 用bring短语的适当形式填空 (1)I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but remember it definitely brought about a heated discussion. (2)The picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days. (3)For the benefit of the citizens，the government has taken measures to bring down the house prices. (4)The idea he came up with two months ago has brought in a lot more money for the company. (5)The fact is that the incident has brought out the best part in the girl. take on 呈现，具有；雇用；承担 take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 take up占去；占据；开始从事 take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 用take短语的适当形式完成语段 After taking over the caféfrom his father，Tom took in some scientific ideas and took on some experienced and hard-working workers，which implied that his café would take off soon.Tom held the strong belief that his café would take on a new look in the near future. so...that...　I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day... 我如此生气以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她…… so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。 •so...that...句型的常见形式： so＋adj./adv.＋that... so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that... so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that... •such...that...句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that... •当so/such及所修饰的部分放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。 (1)My English teacher is so knowledgeable and patient that all of us students show respect for her.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) (2)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写) ①He was so nervous that he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. ②So nervous was he that he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写) (3)你取得了如此巨大的进步，所以我特地写信祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信) You have made such great progress，so I am specially writing to congratulate you. 1．Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.(2019·全国Ⅰ) 在医院看到窗外树枝的病人可能比看到建筑物或天空的病人恢复得更快一些。 2．It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia，a serious illness of the mind. (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 它还被用来帮助患有痴呆症的患者，痴呆症是一种严重的精神疾病。 3．I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.(2022·浙江1月) 我感到非常的无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。 4．We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。 5．Among the signatories of the warning was Bob Johnson，the originator of the “ecological footprint” concept，which measures the total amount of environmental input needed to maintain a given lifestyle.(2021·北京) 在该警告的签署者中有鲍勃·约翰逊，他是“生态足迹”理念的发起者，该理念衡量维持特定生活方式所需的环境投入的总量。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元的词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．trick (1)The naughty boy played tricks on the shy girl，making her cheeks flame with anger. B (2)Tricked into giving up a large quantity of money，he got so desperate that he drowned his sadness in wine. C (3)As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings.Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings？ A 2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)Bob looked back，only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment. vt.被遗忘 (2)It’s reported that the cause of the crash was given as engine failure.n.故障，失灵 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The hungry and exhausted boys cheered up at the sight of delicious food. 2．He apologized to his chief editor for his rude behaviour at the meeting. 3．He had a narrow escape from the fire，but his skin was severely burned. 4．The teenager was brave enough to save his neighbour’s life and was recognized as a hero. 5．Athletes are trained on a regular basis and often suffer from great physical pain. 6．Personally，forgiveness is a virtue，which is beneficial(benefit) to our physical and mental health. 7．The young couple lived in a furnished flat measuring(measure) approximately 15 metres by 16 metres. 8．Judging(judge) from his unique design for the building，we know he is an excellent designer. 9．It is normal for us to meet many failures(failure)，but we can get over them with our determination and perseverance. 10．Seeing I was uncomfortable(comfort)，my mother came up to me and gathered me into her arms. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (2020·新高考全国 Ⅰ)——报道5公里越野赛活动 1．人们一致认为体育运动对我们有益，所以上周日我们学校举办了一场越野赛。(recognize，benefit v．) It is recognized that sports benefit us，so last Sunday our school held a cross-country running race. 2．这条路线长5公里，从学校大门到南山山脚下。(measure) The route measures five kilometers，from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. 3．道路非常陡峭和崎岖，以至于参赛者遭受了很多痛苦。(so...that...，suffer) The road is so steep and rough that the participants suffered a lot. 4．这场竞赛对参赛者在身体和精神上都很有益。(benefit n．) The race is of great benefit to the participants physically and mentally. 5．我们全校师生都钦佩他们的决心和毅力。(admire) All the teachers and students in our school admire their determination and perseverance. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．情感描写 awkward adj.局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的 at a loss不知所措，困惑 frank adj.坦率的，直率的 joy n．高兴，愉快 failure n．失败；失败的人(或事) 2．动作描写 recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制 respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应 trick vt.欺骗，欺诈 suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受 misunderstand vt.& vi.误解，误会 make it准时到达；获得成功 3．环境描写 sight n．视野；视力；看见 out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线 blog n．博客，网志 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 (2022·浙江1月，读后续写) 坦白地说，面对我的搭档，我感到局促不安甚至不知所措。当我们见面讨论我们的课题时，我很少回应他，因为我担心我会让事情变得更糟。所以我遭受了很多痛苦。我认为，我就是个失败者。令我高兴的是，博客上的一篇文章让我意识到，我可能误解了他和我自己。我变得自信起来，并告诉自己“我能成功”。之后，我们就很享受同彼此讨论和分享意见。最终，我们按时完成了我们的课题。 To be frank，facing my teammate，I felt awkward and even at a loss.When we met to discuss our project，I rarely responded to him for fear that I would make things worse.So I suffered a lot.In my opinion，I was a failure.To my joy，an article in the blog made me realize I may have misunderstood him and myself.I became confident and told myself “I can make it”．Then we enjoyed discussing and sharing our opinions with each other.Finally we finished our project on time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$