主题二 语境19 体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康（复习讲案）（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（话题版 辽鲁琼京津闽渝鄂粤冀湘苏浙黑吉皖甘赣贵桂晋云豫新）

Ⅰ.记重点单词 1．surfing n．冲浪(运动) 2．skiing n．滑雪(运动) 3．content n．满意，满足；内容；目录 adj.(作表语)满足的；满意的 vt.(使)满足，(使)满意 4．skip v．跳绳；跳过 5．marathon n．马拉松赛跑；马拉松式的活动(或工作) 6．champion n．(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名 7．shot n．投球，射球，击球 8．backboard n．篮板 9．bounce v．(使)弹起，(使)反弹 10．teammate n．队友 11．volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做，义务做 12．roller skating滑旱冰 13．net n．(the net)球门网；网，网状物 14．pull-up n．引体向上 15．semi-final n．半决赛 16．session n．一段时间，一场；会议(期)，开庭(期)；学年 17．nerve n．勇气，气魄 18．teamwork n．合作，协作 19．tournament n．锦标赛 20．intense adj.紧张的；激烈的 21．athlete n．运动员 22．badminton n．羽毛球 23．event n．重要事情，大事；(体育运动的)比赛项目 24．bowling n．保龄球 25．track and field田径运动 26．court n．(网球等的)球场 27．defeat vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 28．bench n．(场边的)运动员休息区 29．clap vi.& vt.鼓掌，拍手 30．audience n．观众；听众 31．tip n．尖端；建议；提示；小费 v．(使)倾斜；轻触；给小费 32．shortcut n．捷径，近路 33．stadium n．体育场 34．sportsmanship n．体育精神 35．skydiving n．跳伞运动 36．gymnastics n．体操，体操训练 37．boxing n．拳击(运动) 38．motto n．(pl.mottoes，mottos)格言，座右铭 39．chest n．胸部；大箱子 40．amateur n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj.业余的 41．relay n．接力赛 vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 42．opponent n．(竞争、比赛等的)对手 43．medal n．奖章；勋章 44．range n．一系列；范围 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 45．flame n．火焰，火舌 46．stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 47．seize vt.夺取；抓住；把握(时机等)；(情绪)突然侵袭，突然控制 48．balance n．平衡；均匀；平衡能力 v．(使)平衡→balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的 49．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作 50．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪 51．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n．鼓掌；喝彩 52．sweaty adj.满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→sweat n．汗水 v．流汗；艰苦努力 53．announce vt.宣布，播报；通告→announcement n．通告，公告→announcer n．播音员；广播员 54．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→ambitious adj.有雄心的，有野心的 55．participate vi.参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参加者 56．annual adj.一年一度的，每年的→annually adv.一年一度地，每年地 57．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛；竞争→competitor n．参赛者；竞争者，对手→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 58．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；入场费 59．move v．移动 n．活动，移动→movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 60．jog vi.& n．慢跑→jogging n．慢跑(锻炼) 61．cycle vi.骑自行车 n．自行车；循环→cyclist n．骑自行车的人 62．expect v．期盼；等待；预料，预期→expectation n．预料，预期 63．frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地；经常地→frequency n．发生的频率，发生率 64．ache vi.(持续而隐隐地)疼痛 n．疼痛→aching adj.疼痛的；痛的 65．assure vt.向……保证，使确信→assurance n．保证；确信；担保 66．ultimate adj.(目标等)最终的→ultimately adv.最后，最终 1．all-round champion全能冠军 2．bodybuilding n．健身 3．chief referee裁判长；主裁判 4．closing ceremony闭幕式 5．cross-country race越野赛 6．gymnasium(gym) n．体育馆；健身房 7．spectator n．观众 8．substitute n．替补 9．runner-up n．亚军(队) 10．final n．决赛 Ⅱ.背核心短语 1．give way倒塌；塌陷 2．beyond one’s expectations超出某人的预期 3．follow in one’s footsteps仿效某人；继承某人(尤指家人)的事业 4．burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) 5．be rooted in起源于 6．in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳 7．try out for sth 争取成为；参加选拔 8．crash into 猛撞，猛击 9．keep up with 跟上，保持同步 10．sign up 报名 11．be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的；无法再忍受的 12．be capable of 有能力 13．take advantage of sth 利用某物/事 14．do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 15．stick with持续，坚持 16．make up for弥补，补偿 17．walk on air欢天喜地，得意扬扬 18．find one’s way into偶然来到，无意中处于 19．make it 获得成功；准时到达 20．stand for代表；支持 21．in a row连续地 22．let sb down 使失望，辜负(某人的信任或期望) Ⅲ.悟经典句式 1．which引导非限制性定语从句 The athletes tried their best to compete for the gold medals，which left us a deep impression. 运动员们尽全力去争夺金牌，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。 2．it作形式宾语 He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace. 他梦想着奥运会将有可能让所有国家的人民共同生活在和平之中。 3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 You will make some good friends，most of whom are also interested in playing table tennis. 你会交到一些好朋友，他们中的大多数人也喜欢打乒乓球。 4．even though/if引导的让步状语从句 Even though Atlanta could run faster than any man in Greece，she was not allowed to run and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games. 尽管亚特兰大能跑得比希腊的任何男人都快，但是她却不被允许在奥运会上跑步为自己赢得荣誉。 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Competitive Sports and Mass Sports Soccer，boxing，badminton，marathon，skiing，gymnastics and track and field，there seem to be hundreds of sports for us.In stadiums，gyms，or homes，we can work out 1.sweating(sweat) all over.Competitive sports mean that athletes must compete 2.against/with each other for medals in champions or Olympics to win honour and glory for their country,3.which needs not only skills and strength but also great 4.determination (determine)．However，success often comes along with stress，failure and injuries.Sometimes even a master will fall apart，5.but he never loses heart.Finally he makes 6.it and becomes a legend. 7．Compared(compare)with competitive sports，many sports focus on fitness rather than competition.Millions of people go jogging or do push-ups to keep slim instead of going on a diet by 8.cutting(cut) out fat.However，with no audience to shout encouragement，they may give up.They cheat themselves into taking exercise the next day or pretend 9.to have done(do) it otherwise，which doesn’t make sense.However，even if you take exercise now and then，it 10.will make(make) a difference and have positive effects，won’t it？ compete vi.竞争；对抗(competitive adj.竞争的；努力竞争的；有竞争力的competitor n．竞争者，竞争对手；参赛者competition n．竞争；竞赛，比赛) compete with/against sb 和某人竞争 compete for sth 为……而竞争 compete in sth 在……中竞争 (1)As the youngest competitor，she competed in the women’s 10-meter platform diving with/against others for gold medals.So she must be very competitive so that she could win.(用合适的词或compete的适当形式填空) (2)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete) to watch，together with the story behind it.(2019·全国Ⅲ) (3)尽管这是一场竞争性的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛过程中所表现出的决心。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作) ①Though this was a competitive race，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race.(主语从句) ②Though this was a competitive race，it was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race that really mattered.(强调句型) admit v．承认；准许进入(或加入)；接纳；可容纳 (admission n．承认；准许进入；入场费) admit doing/having done sth 承认做/做过某事 admit sb/sth as/to be...承认某人/物是…… be admitted to/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)；被录取 admit that...承认…… (1)写出下列句子中admit的汉语意思 ①Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got mad when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September.(2021·天津3月)承认 ②One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月) 被接收(入院) ③The stadium to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students.容纳 ④According to the guideline，only ticket-holders will be admitted into the stadium.准许进入 (2)玛丽有责任心、乐观并且有耐心，她被认为是最好的教练之一。 Mary is responsible，optimistic and patient，who was admitted as/to be one of the best coaches.(定语从句) (3)现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员，因此我想邀请你加入。 The table tennis team of our school is admitting new members right now so I would like to invite you to join. congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜；(pl.)贺辞 (congratulate vt.祝贺) •express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb (on sth)(为某事)向某人致以祝贺 a letter of congratulation贺信 •congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 (1)Congratulations(congratulate) to Chinese athletes on their excellent performance during 2022 Beijing Olympic Games! (2)首先，我对你在上周举行的跳高比赛中的成功表示衷心祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信) ①First of all，I sincerely congratulate you on your success in the high jump held last week. (congratulate) ②First of all，I express my sincere congratulations to you on your success in the high jump held last week. (congratulation) range n．一系列；范围，界限；种类；山脉 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 •a full/wide range of...大范围的……；各种…… in/within the range of...在视(听)觉范围以内；在……范围内 beyond/out of range of...在视(听)觉范围外；超出……范围 •range from...to.../range between...and...包括从……到……之间；在……到……之间变动 (1)To enrich students’ after-class life，we held a wide range of activities，ranging from watching English movies to taking part in the school sports meet. (2)For persons who are able to develop an immune response，the death rate is usually within/in the range of 10%－15%. (3)Prices of these toys range between $7 and $10，which is quite affordable for average families. (4)此外，随着这座体育场的落成，各类体育赛事得以举行，其中乒乓球、足球和赛跑大受欢迎。 Moreover，with the stadium set up，a wide/full range of sports events are able to be held，of which ping-pong，football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.(range，定语从句) give way 倒塌；塌陷 give in屈服，投降；让步，勉强同意 give out分发；用光 give away赠送；泄露；暴露 give up放弃 give off散发(光和热等) give way to给……让路 (1)用give短语的正确形式填空 ①If a person has not enough sleep in the night，his actions will give him away during the day. ②At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills. ③On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark. ④Many houses are being knocked down to give way to a new grand stadium. ⑤Stephen spent many childhood hours playing on the muddy basketball court，and with every shot，the weak plastic backboard gave way. (2)起初，大卫落后很多。然而，他并没有放弃，而是拼尽全力，最终赶上了其他人。 (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) At the beginning，David was left far behind.However，he didn’t give up and went all out to keep up with others finally. it作形式宾语　 He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.他梦想着奥运会将有可能让所有国家的人民共同生活在和平之中。 •当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语。构成的句型主要有： consider/think/suppose/feel/find/make/believe＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth/that... •常用it作形式宾语的动词还有： like/dislike/hate/love/appreciate/enjoy/owe＋it＋when/if/that从句 take it for granted that...认为……理所当然 see to it that...确保…… depend on it that...相信…… (1)I’d like it if you could join us in playing table tennis，which I believe will help us a lot. (2)如果你能接受我们的诚挚邀请来参加即将到来的运动会，我将不胜感激。 (应用文写作之邀请信) I’d appreciate it if you could accept our sincere invitation to participate in the upcoming sports meet. (3)I think cooperating with you in the competition is my privilege，which benefits me a lot.(应用文写作之感谢信) →I think it a privilege for me to cooperate with you in the competition，which benefits me a lot. (用it作形式宾语) Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．nerve (1)I was going to have a go at parachuting(跳伞) but lost my nerve at the last minute. C (2)Jill’s nerves were stretched to breaking point when the host announced the result of the contest. A (3)Even after years as a singer，he still suffers from nerves before a performance. B 2．balance (1)She cycled round the corner，lost her balance and fell off. A (2)Children are taught to lift weight，balance their diets and build physical endurance. C (3)I have a balance of about $500 in my savings account. B 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)I decided to try for a more natural shot of a fox peering from the bushes.镜头 (2)In order to build up our body and develop our sportsmanship，our school has built five tennis courts.球场 (3)Is it customary in the United States to leave a tip for every meal？小费 (4)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery when fear seized me.My wallet was gone. (情绪)突然侵袭 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．Another 8,000 players in six cities compete in the company’s summer basketball league. 2．To his pleasant surprise，his son has been admitted into/to a key university. 3．The sports meeting was put off，which astonished everybody. 4．He never gives up training even though he is injured. 5．It is a global site on which runners all over the world can share their stories about running. 6．Paul was still usually on the bench and he found it really tough for him to be just a replacement. 7．As the aircraft was ready to take off，all the passengers fastened their seat belts immediately. 8．Our basketball team won by two points，and our headmaster sent us a letter of congratulation(congratulate) immediately. Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力 (应用文写作：奥运会报道) 1．2022年北京冬奥会期间，中国运动员奋力争夺奖牌，给我留下了深刻印象。(which 引导的非限制性定语从句) During 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games，Chinese athletes struggled to compete for medals，which left a deep impression on me. 2．激烈的赛程中有7个大项，15个分项，109个小项，每一项都承载着奥运健儿的汗水和泪水。 (“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) There are 7 major events,15 sub items and 109 minor events in the fierce competition，each of which carries the sweat and tears of Olympic athletes. 3．所有的运动员都表现出极大的决心和信心。即使他们中的一些人受伤了，他们也没有放弃。 (even if/though) All the athletes showed great determination and confidence.Even if some of them were injured，they didn’t give up. 4．我认为对运动员们来说，怀着勇气和决心为祖国的荣誉而战是一种莫大的荣耀。(it 作形式宾语) I think it a great honor for the athletes to compete for the glory of our country with nerve and determination. (2021·全国甲，C) When I was 9，we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow，London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days，I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery. Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite：Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don’t worry about it.Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand，and Toby came over，helping me up：“Safe，man.Safe.”A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting：“ Safe! Safe! Safe！” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater. When I was 15，my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there，but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years，I’d given it up. When I returned to London in 2004，I found myself wandering down to Southbank，spending hours there.I’ve traveled back several times since，most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear：tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving(穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards，I found my way to the beam.Then a rail-thin teenager，in a baggy white T-shirt，skidded(滑) up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago，” I told him.Then，slowly，he began to nod his head.“Safe，man.Safe.” “Yeah，” I said.“Safe.” 1．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby. C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好地融入新的城市，感到很失落，故选A。 2．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean? A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don’t worry! 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater.”可知，作者掌握了滑板的落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，由此可以推断出画线词是表示赞美，结合选项，故选B。 3．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends. C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，重温儿时玩滑板的快乐时光。故选D。 4．What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A．Children should learn a second language. B．Sport is necessary for children’s health. C．Children need a sense of belonging. D．Seeing the world is a must for children. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，作者9岁那年搬家之后，滑板让作者找到了归属感，15岁时，作者搬到了华盛顿，由于当地没有玩滑板的氛围，作者放弃了这一爱好，但是每次回到伦敦，滑板还是可以让作者找回儿时的记忆和美好，找到归属感，所以整篇文章作者想传递的信息就是儿童需要有归属感，故C项正确。 细研真题 Ⅰ.宏观把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了滑板运动陪伴作者成长，给予其归属感，表达了作者对滑板运动的深厚感情。 文章的脉络如下： Ⅱ.微观排障——长难句分析 Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand，and Toby came over，helping me up：“Safe，man.Safe.” 分析　本句为主从复合句。主句是I fell onto the stones and Toby came over；when trying a certain trick on the beam作时间状语从句；damaging a nerve in my hand作结果状语；helping me up作伴随状语。 译文　有一次，当我在滑板的横杆上玩某种把戏时，我摔倒在石头上，伤了我手上的一根神经。托比过来帮我站起来：“安全，伙计。” Ⅲ.主题词汇积累　语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇 (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作) 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．参加人员； 2．跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下； 3．活动反响。 注意：词数80左右(标题已给出)。 A Cross-Country Running Race 分步练写作 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 写作要求是写关于5公里越野赛跑活动的新闻报道。写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇报道，写作中应注意报道的常规格式。 2．主体时态：以一般过去时为主。 3．主体人称：以第三人称为主。 [谋篇] 第一段：交代事件、时间、地点、人物和目的。 第二段：详细记述事件的过程和细节。 第三段：总结活动的反响、评价或意义。 第二步　遣词造句 [核心用词] 1．为了in order to 2．丰富我们的校园生活enrich our campus life 3．参加比赛participate in the race 4．9点出发set out at 9 am 5．不仅……而且…… not only...but also... 6．增进我们的身心健康improve our physical and psychological health 7．建立积极的人生态度build a positive attitude towards life [连词成句] 1．上周日，我们学校组织了一次5公里越野赛跑活动，因为它想丰富我们的校园生活。 Our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday because it wants to enrich our campus life. 2．来自20个班的90名同学参加了这次比赛，其中30名是女孩。 Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race and thirty were girls. 3．尽管我们很累，但深感自豪。 Although we were tired，we felt so proud. 4．这次比赛不仅增进了我们的身心健康，而且帮助我们建立积极的人生态度。 The event not only improved our physical and psychological health，but also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. 5．我们希望将来学校会开展更多类似的活动。 We hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future. [句式升级] 1．用不定式作目的状语改写句1。 To enrich our campus life，our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday. 2．用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句改写句2。 Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，among whom thirty were girls. 3．用as引导的让步状语从句改写句3。 Tired as we were，we felt so proud. 4．用部分倒装句式改写句4。 Not only did the event improve our physical and psychological health，but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. 5．用do强调谓语改写句5。 We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future. 第三步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 参考范文 A Cross-Country Running Race To enrich our campus life，our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday. Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race，among whom thirty were girls.Participants set out at 9 am from the gate of the school，through the Renmin Park，and finally arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain.Tired as we were，we felt so proud after the race. We felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological health，but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$