主题一 语境10 未来职业发展趋势，个人职业倾向（复习讲案）（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（话题版 辽鲁琼京津闽渝鄂粤冀湘苏浙黑吉皖甘赣贵桂晋云豫新）

Ⅰ.记重点单词 1．debt n．债务；欠款 2．client n．客户，顾客 3．purse n．(女式)钱包 4．dentist n．牙科医生 5．specialist n．专家 6．credit n．学分；信用；信贷 7．vision n．视野；视力 8．trend n．趋势，趋向，倾向 9．workshop n．车间，作坊；讲习班 10．prospect n．景色；前途；希望 11．salary n．薪金，工资 12．butcher n．肉铺老板，肉贩 13．librarian n．图书馆管理员 14．detective n．侦探；警探 15．firefighter n．消防队员 16．accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责 17．blank adj.无表情的，木然的；空白的 18．chairwoman n．女主席；女会长 19．bonus n．奖金；红利 20．superior adj.(在级别、重要性或职位上)较高的；优质的 21．hire v．(短期的)租用，租借；雇用 22．relevant adj.有关的，切题的 23．fire n．火；火灾；热情 vt.点燃；解雇 24．part-time adj.部分时间的，兼职的 25．salesman n．男推销员，男售货员 26．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房 27．electrical engineering电力(电气)工程学 28．column n．(报纸或杂志)专栏；支柱，圆柱 29．journalist n．新闻工作者，新闻记者 30．saleswoman n．女推销员，女售货员 31．administration n．管理，行政；执行，实施 32．resume n．(BrE CV)(求职用的)履历；简历 33．socialist adj.社会主义的 n．社会主义者 34．brilliant adj.极好的，优秀的；明亮的，灿烂的 35．communist adj.共产主义的 n．共产主义者 36．council n．委员会；市政服务机构 37．decent adj.相当好的，像样的，得体的 38．code n．代码；密码；道德准则，行为规范 vt.编码；把……译成密码 39．enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的 40．clerk n．接待员；办事员，文员；(商店的)售货员，店员 41．spy n．密探；间谍 vi.从事间谍活动 vt.突然看见，发现；监视 42．multiple adj.多的，多种的，涉及多个人(物、事等)的 43．knit(knitted；knitted) vt.& vi.编织；针织；(使)紧密结合n.编织的衣服；针织衫 44．department n．(医院、大学、公司、政府的)科，系，处，部；(大商场的)部 45．accumulate v．积累，积聚→accumulation n．积聚，累积；堆积物 46．purchase v．购买 n．购买；购买的东西→purchaser n．买方；购买者 47．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的，伤心的 48．receptionist n．接待员→reception n．接待；接收；招待会；反应；反响 49．retrain vt.(接受)重新培养，再培训→train v．培养；训练→training n．训练 50．categorize vt.把……分类(加以归类)→category n．种类，分类；范畴 51．supervise vt.& vi.主管；指导；监督→supervision n．监督；管理 52．finance n．资金；财政；金融vt.提供资金→financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→financially adv.财政上；经济上；金融上 53．parking n．停车位；停车→park n．公园；停车场 vt.停放；放置；寄存 vi.停放车辆 54．architect n．建筑师，建筑设计师→architecture n．建筑学；建筑风格；建筑式样；架构 55．accountant n．会计；会计师→account n．账户；解释；账目；理由；描述 vi.解释，说明；占(一定数量或比例) vt.认为；把……视为 56．persuade vt.说服；劝说→persuasive adj.有说服力的；劝诱的，劝说的→persuasion n．说服；说服力；信仰 57．management n．经营，管理→manage vt.管理；经营；控制；设法 vi.处理；应付→manager n．经理；管理人员 58．frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的 59．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→distribute vt.分配；散布；分销→distributor n．经销商；批发商 60．dedicate vt.把……奉献给→dedicated adj.专用的；专注的；献身的→dedication n．奉献；献身；献辞 61．photographer n．摄影者→photograph n．照片，相片 v．摄影，为……照相→photography n．摄影；摄影术 62．employ vt.& n．雇用，使用→employee n．雇员；从业员工→employer n．雇主，老板→employment n．使用；职业；雇用 1.exceed v．超过，超出 2．mechanic n．技工，机修工 3．guardian n．保安，监护人 4．head start领先；有利的开端 5．orient vt.使适应；使面对；确定方向 6．estate agent房地产经纪人 7．proficiency n．熟练；娴熟；精通 8．rational adj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的 9．manufacturer n．制造商；制造公司，制造厂 10．entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的 Ⅱ.背核心短语 1．rent out租出 2．out of work 失业 3．apply for申请，请求 4．interfere with妨碍，干涉 5．designer clothes名牌服装 6．pay off付清；取得成功 7．come to a conclusion得出结论 8．attend to关怀；照料；处理 9．make ends meet使收支相抵 10．get into debt陷入债务之中，负债 11．at the expense of以……为代价 12．follow in one’s footsteps继承某人的事业，步某人的后尘 Ⅲ.悟经典句式 1．the instant...一……就…… The instant I saw him，I knew he was the man who had interviewed me. 我一看见他，就知道他就是那个面试过我的人。 2．as long as...只要…… As long as I am dedicated to what I do and never give up，I will be able to make great progress. 只要我专心于我所做的事情，永不放弃，我就能取得很大的进步。 3．动词-ing形式作主语 Having a good command of English will provide you with a better chance of finding a job you like. 掌握好英语，你就有更好的机会找到你喜欢的工作。 4．wish虚拟语气 I don’t want to look back in years to come and say，“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.” 我不想在多年之后回顾过去时说：“我希望当初多考虑一些自己真正想做的事情。” 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Journalism has 1.a good development prospect.2.Fascinated(fascinate) by it，I’m writing to apply for the position 3.as a journalist.First of all，I’m hard-working and 4.enterprising(enterprise)，which can 5.definitely(definite) help me do a good job.In addition，I have accumulated some relevant experience，6.which can not only 7.broaden(broad) my vision but also improve my ability.What I want to stress at last is that I am proficient in 8.photography/photographing(photograph)．So I hope you can take a look at my resume.I would appreciate 9.it very much if you could take my 10.application(apply) into account. persuade vt.劝说；说服(persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n．说服) persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb to do sth＝advise sb to do sth 试图说服某人做某事(未必成功) persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 (1)I am an expert at creating，writing and presenting persuasive(persuade) marketing materials. (2)My close friend persuaded me not to oppose(oppose) the idea he came up with at the meeting. (3)当我申请大学专业时，我的母亲说服我主修电气工程专业。 ①When I applied for the major in college，my mother persuaded me to major in electrical engineering.(persuade sb to do sth) ②When I applied for the major in college，my mother persuaded me into majoring in electrical engineering.(persuade sb into doing sth) accuse vt.控诉，控告；谴责；指责 •accuse sb of...(＝charge sb with...)指责某人……；控告某人…… •the accused被告 (1)For lack of solid evidence，the accused(accuse) was allowed to go free. (2)这位青少年被控告偷了这位女士的金戒指，侦探正在调查此案。 ①The teenager was accused of stealing the woman’s gold ring and the detective is working on the case.(accuse) ②The teenager was charged with stealing the woman’s gold ring and the detective is working on the case.(charge) sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤(sorrowful adj.悲伤的) •to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是 in sorrow悲伤地；悲痛地 •sorrow at/for/over sth 对某事感到悲伤 (1)He said that his decision to resign was made more in sorrow than in anger. (2)As a matter of fact，he daren’t look up to see her sorrowful(sorrow) eyes. (3)令他非常悲伤的是，他的公司破产了，他所有的努力都白费了。 Much to his sorrow/To his deep sorrow，all his efforts were in vain when his company went bankrupt. superior adj.(在品质上)更好的，占优势的；高级的，有优越感的(superiority n．优势；优越感) •be superior to超过；优于；胜过 •have superiority over/to...in...在……方面比……有优势 (1)This model of 5G mobile phone is far superior to any others，which enjoys great popularity among its clients. (2)他们现在生产的产品在质量上比以前的产品有优势。 The products they now produce have superiority over/to their former ones in quality.(superiority) employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)；忙于，从事(employment n．雇用；职业；就业 employer n．雇主，老板 employee n．雇工，雇员) •employ sb to do...雇用某人做…… employ...as...雇用……当…… employ oneself in (doing) sth 从事于……，忙于…… be employed in doing sth 从事于……，忙于…… •in employment在业，有工作 out of employment失业 (1)If you are out of employment，this program will provide eight weeks of training. (2)For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter in the central district of the city. (3)We have been employed to look(look) at ways of reducing waste and we have made great progress. (4)He was employed in reading fiction and he didn’t see his niece come in. ①Employed in reading fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) ②Employing himself in reading fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) dedicate vt.致力于；献身于(dedicated adj.专用的；专注的；献身的 dedication n．奉献；献身；献辞) •dedicate oneself to (doing) sth/devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于做某事 •be dedicated/devoted to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事 (1)They faced one difficulty after another with bravery and dedication(dedicate)． (2)She is a warm-hearted and dedicated(dedicate) teacher，who has won general praise.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) (3)The real estate agent was dedicated to working(work) day and night so that he could pay off his debts as soon as possible. (4)他辞去职务后，就致力于帮助残疾人。 ①After he resigned from the post，he dedicated himself to helping the disabled.(dedicate) ②After he resigned from the post，he devoted himself to helping the disabled.(devote) out of work 失业 out of breath喘不过气来 out of question毫无疑问 out of sight看不见，在视野之外 out of balance失去平衡 out of control失去控制 out of respect出于尊敬 out of curiosity出于好奇 (1)They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired. (2)The specialist has made many important discoveries out of curiosity(curious)． (3)当负面情绪失去控制时，问题似乎严重到无法解决。 When negative emotions are out of control，problems might seem too serious to handle. (4)她失业了，目前还没有希望能够找到工作。毫无疑问，她将过着艰苦的生活。 She is out of work and has no prospect of finding a job at present.She will lead a hard life out of question. the instant用作连词　The instant I saw him，I knew he was the man who had interviewed me.我一看见他，就知道他就是那个面试过我的人。 the instant用作连词，表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。近义或同义表达还有：the moment，the minute，the second，immediately，instantly，directly，hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...等。名词用作连词，引导时间状语从句的还有the first time，each/every/next/any/last time等。 (1)The moment he graduated from college，he was sent to a company to work as an accountant. (2)我们一到农场，农民就带我们参观，介绍果园，并告诉我们采摘时应该注意什么。 (2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达) The instant/Instantly/The moment we arrived at the farm，the farmers showed us around，introducing the fruit garden and telling us what we should take notice of when picking. (3)信不信由你，几个月前，当我第一次碰巧读到《青年》报时，我有一种想一口气读完它的冲动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ) Believe it or not，the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath. wish虚拟语气　I don’t want to look back in years to come and say，“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.”我不想在多年之后回顾过去时说：“我希望当初多考虑一些自己真正想做的事情。” wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。 (1)I wish I had(have) a decent job，which can help me to live a more stable life. (2)总而言之，我希望你能够不辜负我们学校的期望。我坚信努力工作会有回报的！ To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.And I firmly believe hard work will pay off! (3)我希望上周二我在我姐姐的婚礼上，但是我当时在纽约出差。 I wish I had been at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then. Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．brilliant (1)The three brilliant stars are shining up in the October evening sky. D (2)He is a brilliant mathematician and physicist and will probably become a theoretical physicist. B (3)We hope to cooperate with each other and reach the brilliant future with all our customers together. A (4)There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant. C 2．credit (1)Credit will be given in the exam for good spelling and grammer. C (2)Contact your school’s guidance office to find out how to apply for credits. D (3)The banking system is still under pressure from loan losses，and credit remains tight. B (4)Behind the cash register at a store in downtown San Francisco，he swiped his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. A 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired.解雇 (2)As we all know，the sport has a strict code of conduct.行为规范 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．I tried to persuade him to combine(combine) study with relaxation，but in vain. 2．She vowed to herself that she would dedicate her life to scientific studies. 3．He accused the government of ignoring the economic development of the remote areas. 4．To her great sorrow，her father is out of work，which will drive their family in trouble. 5．It is hard for us to believe that Mr Blix and his team will come to a conclusion(conclude) within a short period of time. 6．With several scenarios bouncing around in my head，I do wish that I decided(decide) on one now. 7．The flour made in this factory is far superior to that in that factory in quality. 8．No sooner had he stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力 (应用文写作之职业规划) 1．当我的朋友知道他没有被公司雇用时，他非常沮丧。(the instant用作连词) My friend was very depressed the instant he knew he was not employed by the company. 2．他感到非常后悔，希望自己早点听从导师的建议，提前做计划。(wish虚拟语气) He felt very regretful and wished he had followed his instructor’s advice to make a plan in advance. 3．他决定致力于参加线上职业规划课，这对他很有帮助。(dedicate oneself to) He decided to dedicate himself to taking an online career planning course，which would be helpful to him. 4．只要他们对自己未来的职业道路有一个清晰的想法，他们就会对未来的职业选择少一些困惑。(as long as...) As long as they have a clear idea of their future career path，they will be less confused about their future career choice. 5．职业生涯规划是当代大学生的必由之路。无论他们做何选择，希望他们都能有一个光明的未来。(动词-ing形式作主语) Career planning is a must for contemporary college students.No matter which choice they make，hopefully，they can all have a bright future. (2022·浙江1月，A) For nearly a decade now，Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist.Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis(危机) in the late 2000s.The downturn hit the real estate (房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.One day，while driving near her home，she saw a dog wandering on the road，clearly lost.She took it home，and her sister in Denver agreed to take it.This was a loving home for sure，but 1,600 miles away.It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself.It was her first road trip to her new job. Merebeth’s pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust.It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana，Washington and Oregon，she says proudly.If she wants to visit a new place，she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.She travels in all weathers.She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming，heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas. This wanderlust is inherited from her father，she says.He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old，because he wanted them to explore a new place together.As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the California coast，away from her parents，where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking. It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30,000 per year before tax.She doesn’t work in summer，as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car，even with air conditioning.As autumn comes，she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning.It’s a call she must handle alone，though.Merebeth says，“When I’m on the road I’m just in my own world.I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals.” 1．Why did Merebeth change her job? A．She wanted to work near her home. B．She was tired of working in the office. C．Her sister asked her to move to Denver. D．Her former employer was out of business. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The downturn hit the real estate(房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.”可知，Merebeth之所以换工作是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。 2．The word “wanderlust” in paragraph 2 means a desire to . A．make money B．try various jobs C．be close to nature D．travel to different places 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后三句“她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要在那里找到一个有运输需要的宠物。 她风雨无阻地旅行。”可知，画线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。 3．What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job? A．She has chances to see rare animals. B．She works hard throughout the year. C．She relies on herself the whole time. D．She earns a basic and tax-free salary. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’s a call she must handle alone，though.”和“When I’m on the road I’m just in my own world.I’ve always been independent-spirited”可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。 细研真题 Ⅰ.宏观把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。 文章的脉络如下： Ⅱ.微观排障——长难句分析 As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the California coast，away from her parents，where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking. 分析　该句为主从复合句。As soon as引导的是时间状语从句；where引导的是定语从句。 译文　高中一毕业她就离开家，远离自己的父母，住在加利福尼亚海岸的卡特琳娜岛，在那里她享受着航海和越野自行车的生活。 Ⅲ.主题词汇积累　语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇 间接信息题——同义转换定答案 第一步：先通过题干信息来锁定关键词。 第二步：在原文中查找关键词，锁定信息区间。 第三步：分析这些句子和选项，运用5种正确选项特征定答案。 ①同义/近义/反义词复现；②同根词或原词复现；③简化原文复杂的表达；④正话反说；⑤变换语态。 本文中第1题是间接细节题，根据策略，其解题步骤如下： Step 1　确定题干关键词：Merebeth，change her job。 Step 2　回到原文准定位：根据文章第一段中“The downturn hit the real estate (房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.”可获取关键信息“The firm went broke”。 Step 3　分析选项可知went broke与 out of business为同义短语替换，故正确答案为D。 (2021·天津6月，书面表达改编) 假如你是晨光中学的李津。你在英国游学期间曾寄宿在英国学生Chris家，他母亲Nancy通过电子邮件祝贺你顺利完成高中学业，并询问你将如何安排高中最后一个假期。请你用英语回复，内容包括： 1．表示感谢并问候； 2．计划与家人一起做的事情； 3．你决定选择哪个专业，为学好该专业做何准备。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Nancy， Yours， Li Jin 分步练写作 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 写作要求是给Chris的母亲Nancy写一封邮件，表示感谢并告知自己的假期安排和将要选择的专业。写作时应注意以下几点： 1．确定文体：这是一封感谢信和告知信的融合，写作时应注意感谢信的常用句式。 2．主体时态：文章以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。 3．主体人称：人称应该以第一人称和第二人称为主。 [谋篇] 第一段：表达感谢。 第二段：假期与家人具体做哪些事情。 第三段：选择的专业及为此所做的准备。 第二步　遣词造句 [核心用词] 1．因某事对某人表达感激 be grateful to sb for sth 2．名胜古迹 places of interest 3．观看升旗仪式 watch the flag-raising ceremony 4．欣赏壮观的日出 enjoy the amazing sunrise 5．主修 major in 6．计算机科学 computer science 7．从事；参与 be engaged in 8．进行有针对性的学习 have targeted learning [连词成句] 1．在英国游学期间，你和你的家人照顾了我。 You and your family took care of me during my study tour in the UK. 2．我对你和你的家人非常感谢。 I am very grateful to you and your family. 3．我想去天安门广场，在那里观看升旗仪式。 I want to go to Tian’anmen Square and watch the flag-raising ceremony there. 4．我计划爬泰山，在那里欣赏壮观的日出。 I plan to climb Mountain Tai and enjoy the amazing sunrise there. 5．我会咨询从事这一专业的人，报名参加网课。 I will consult people who are engaged in this major and sign up for an online class. 6．有一个清晰的目标，将来我才能进行有针对性的学习。 I will have targeted learning in the future with a clear goal. [句式升级] 1．将句1和句2合成一句话。 I am very grateful to you and your family for taking care of me during my study tour in the UK. 2．用不定式作目的状语改写句3。 I want to go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the flag-raising ceremony. 3．用where引导的定语从句改写句4。 I plan to climb Mountain Tai where I will enjoy the amazing sunrise. 4．用过去分词短语作定语改写句5。 I will consult people engaged in this major and sign up for an online class. 5．用“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句改写句6。 Only with a clear goal will I have targeted learning in the future. 第三步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 参考范文 Dear Nancy， I am very glad to receive your email.I am very grateful to you and your family for taking care of me during my study tour in the UK. Now that I have finished my high school studies，my parents and I are going to visit some places of interest in China.First of all，I want to go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the flag-raising ceremony.In addition，I plan to climb Mountain Tai where I will enjoy the amazing sunrise. More importantly，I have decided to major in computer science.To make good preparations，I will consult people engaged in this major and sign up for an online class.Only with a clear goal will I have targeted learning in the future，which will be more efficient. Yours， Li Jin 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$