主题一 语境6 乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习（复习讲案）（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（话题版 辽鲁琼京津闽渝鄂粤冀湘苏浙黑吉皖甘赣贵桂晋云豫新）

Ⅰ.记重点单词 1．situation n．情境；情况；情形；形势 2．classic adj.经典的 3．odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的 4．tablet n．平板电脑 5．input n．输入；投入 6．outcome n．结果，后果 7．sufficient adj.充足的 8．willpower n．意志力；毅力 9．context n．上下文；语境；背景 10．timely adj.适时的；及时的 11．comic adj.滑稽的，好笑的 12．beyond prep.超出 13．laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 14．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展 15．cease vi.& vt.停止，终止，结束 16．degree n．程度，等级；度；学位；阶层 17．technical adj.工艺的；技术上的；专门技术的 18．random adj.随机的；不合常理的 19．certificate n．文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 20．polish vt.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n．抛光，上光 21．draft n．草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟 22．comprehension n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 23．renew vt.更新，更换；重新开始，中止后继续 24．pursue vt.追求；继续从事；追赶 25．drill vt.& vi.培训，训练；钻(孔) n．练习，训练；钻，钻头 26．bounce vt.(向某人)试探地透露(主意) vi.跳动 n．弹跳；活力 27．concrete adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n．混凝土 28．arrange vt.排列，布置→arrangement n．计划；安排 29．inquire vt.& vi.询问，打听→inquiry n．探究；调查；质询 30．recreation n．娱乐，消遣→recreational adj.娱乐的，消遣的；休养的 31．access n．接触的机会；通道，入径 vt.进入；使用；获取→accessible adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的 32．unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的；不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 33．continue v．持续；继续；连续→continuous adj.连续的；不中断的→continuously adv.连续不断地；连续地 34．approach n．方法；(距离和时间上的)靠近→approachable adj.亲切友善的；易理解的；可接近的 35．unlikely adj.不大可能的→likely adj.很可能的；合适的；有希望的 adv.很可能；或许 36．academic adj.学术的；理论的；学院的 n．大学生，大学教师；学者→academy n．学院；研究院；学会；专科院校 37．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→sharply adv.急剧地；锐利地；迅疾而突然地→sharpen vt.削尖；磨快；使敏捷；加重 vi.尖锐；变锋利 38．reference n．参考；提到；推荐信→refer vi.参考；涉及；提到；查阅 vt.将……送交给(以求获得帮助等) 39．presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出→present adj.现在的；出席的；(事物)存在的 n．礼物；现在，目前 v．颁发；赠送；展示 40．competence n．能力，才干→competent adj.胜任的；有能力的；能干的 41．composition n．构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲→compose vt.构成；撰写；使平静 vi.作曲 42．equip v．使有知识和技能，使能够胜任→equipped adj.装备齐全的；有能力的→equipment n．设备，装备；器材 43．reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映→reflection n．沉思；想法；反射→reflective adj.沉思的；深思的 44．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的→automatically adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地 45．ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的→ignorance n．无知，愚昧；不知，不懂 46．simplified adj.简化了的→simplify vt.简化；使单纯；使简易→simplification n．简化；简化的事物 47．reasoning n．推理，理性的观点，论证→reason n．理由；理性；道理 v．推论，推断；思考，理解→reasonable adj.合理的，公道的；通情达理的→reasonably adv.合理地；相当地；适度地 48．criticize vt.批评；评论 vi.批评；评论；苛求→criticism n．批评；评论→critical adj.批评的，批判的；关键的→critically adv.危急地；严重地；批评性地→critic n．批评家；评论员 49．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试；努力→attempted adj.未遂的 50．normally adv.通常，平常→normal adj.正常的，平常的→abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的 1．chunk n．厚块，大块；大量，大部分 2．curve n．曲线，弧线 3．periodically adv.定期地 4．sacrifice n．& vt.牺牲 5．strive vi.努力；奋斗 6．consultant n．顾问 7．master’s degree n．硕士学位 8．vocational adj.职业的，业务知识的 9．extension n．进修课；扩大，延伸 10．photographic adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的 Ⅱ.背核心短语 1．take it easy放轻松 2．as a result作为结果；因此 3．reflect on认真思考；沉思 4．take in吸收；领会；欺骗 5．in a flash转瞬间；立即 6．end up doing sth以做某事结束 7．catch up with赶上，追上 8．lifelong learning终身学习 9．attempt to do sth尝试做某事 10．be based on...以……为根据 11．be honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事 12．be bound to do一定会，很可能会 13．keep pace with与……步调一致；与……并驾齐驱 14．have a good command/knowledge of...精通/了解…… Ⅲ.悟经典句式 1．with的复合结构 With our society developing rapidly，lifelong learning is essential and vital for us. 随着社会的快速发展，终身学习对我们来说是必不可少并且至关重要的。 2．what引导的宾语从句 As students，we should put what we have learned in school into practice to serve our country better. 作为学生，我们应该将我们在学校中所学的知识付诸实践来更好地为我们的国家服务。 3．nor位于句首的倒装句 The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new；nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. 大学生在经济上依赖父母并不是什么新鲜事；要求从家里寄更多的钱也不足为奇。 4．as引导的定语从句 As is often the case，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history. 情况常常如此，我们很可能从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法。 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Nowadays，lifelong learning has become very important for everyone.This is because we need to renew our knowledge 1.continuously(continuous) to meet the needs of our work and improve our competence.There are several 2.approaches(approach) for us to take a lifelong learning.One way is to take 3.a part-time education program.Such programs are available 4.for everyone and can provide systematic and regular learning.The second one is to study by 5.ourselves(we)．We can learn 6.what we need on our own.For example，we can learn by surfing the Internet，inquiring our colleagues or 7.referring(refer) to reference books.As far as I’m concerned，we should choose one way depending on our own personal situation and 8.preference(prefer)．Personally，I prefer the first one,9.which can help us study 10.more efficiently(efficiently) than ever before. beyond prep.超出；除……之外；在(或向)……较远的一边；晚于，迟于；非……所能及 adv.在另一边；在(或向)更远处 beyond description无法描述 beyond one’s reach够不着；高不可攀 beyond one’s power是某人所不及的 beyond compare无可比拟；非常好 beyond control/belief/doubt无法控制/无法相信/毫无疑问 (1)写出下列句子中beyond的汉语意思 ①This story tells us that people should not be ignorant of one’s strength or doing something beyond one’s ability.超出 ②As was expected，the situation was beyond her control.非……所能及 ③But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings，they have little instinct(本能) to help one another.除……之外 (2)由于无法控制的情况，讲座被取消了，这真是个遗憾。 Due to circumstances beyond control，the lecture was cancelled.It was really a pity. (3)他在英语演讲比赛中的表现非常出色，没人能跟他相匹敌。 It was his wonderful performance in the English Speech Contest that made him beyond compare.(强调句；beyond) attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试；努力(attempted adj.未遂的) •make an attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试做…… in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试 •attempt to do...尝试(试图)做…… (1)In an attempt to make a good impression，she finds herself telling stories with no end. (2)Jim prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt. (3)许多人试图通过远程学习取得学位以获得晋升。 ①Many people attempt to get their degrees through distance learning in order to get promoted.(attempt v．) ②Many people make an attempt to get/(at) getting their degrees through distance learning in order to get promoted.(attempt n．) equip v．配备，装备；使有所准备；使有能力(equipment n．[U]设备，器材；配备，装备) •equip...with...用……装备…… equip sb for (doing) sth/to do sth 使某人为(做)某事而准备；使某人具备(做)某事的条件 be equipped with配备有……(表状态) •a piece of equipment一件设备 (1)We want our children to receive a good education，which will not only improve their competence but also equip them for future life. (2)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment(equip) at the wall，we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history！(2021·全国甲) (3)My English teacher is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us students.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ①Equipped with much experience in teaching，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(过去分词短语作状语) ②Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(现在分词短语作状语) access n．(接近的)方法；通道；机会；权利(常与to连用)；可接近性 vt.进入；使用；获取(accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的) •have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入 give access to准许进入(接近) •be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 (1)Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access to online reading at a library branch.(2020·天津) (2)Free Internet resources at home is a huge step in making online education accessible(access) to everybody. (3)无论我们在哪里，我们都可以获得我们想要学习的知识。(have access to)(2021·全国乙，书面表达) No matter where we are，we can have access to the knowledge we want to learn. refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；将……送交给(以求获得帮助)(reference n．提及，涉及；参考；参考书目；推荐信) •refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer to...as...把……称作…… •in/with reference to sb/sth 关于 (1)They always refer to me as a bookworm because I am always addicted to reading. (2)Apart from the textbooks，I often refer to other reference(refer) materials to assist my studies. (3)如果你想知道更多关于比赛的信息，请联系我。 If you want to know more in/with reference to the competition，just contact me.(reference) (4)如果你遇到了不认识的字，你可以查字典或者向他人求助。(应用文写作之建议信) If you meet with the characters you don’t know，you can refer to a dictionary or turn to others for help.(refer) familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的(unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的；不常见的) •sb be familiar with...某人对……熟悉 ...be familiar to sb ……为某人熟悉 •be unfamiliar with 对……不了解；与……不熟悉 (1)It is a good idea to travel with people who are familiar with these regions. (2)The book is essentially a taster(初步了解) for those unfamiliar(familiar) with the subject. (3)As they learn more，speakers of those languages will find words in English more familiar to them. (4)我相信这些捐赠的书籍不仅会让你更加熟悉中国，也有助于提高你的中文水平。 I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but also help improve your Chinese. catch up with赶上，追上 catch a cold感冒 catch sight of看见 catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意 catch sb doing...发现某人正在做…… catch on受欢迎，流行起来；理解；了解 (1)用catch短语的正确形式填空 ①The idea of glasses being a fashion item has been slowly to catch on. ②After being out of school long，she had to work hard in order to catch up with others. ③Keep an eye out for the beautiful，observe the unusual，and catch sight of the surprising. (2)可是无论他们多么努力尝试，他们永远也发现不了丹尼尔在做什么错事。 But however hard they tried，they could never catch Daniel doing anything wrong. (3)为了引起观众的注意，我必须使我的文章有一个具体的结论。 To catch the audience’s eye，I must bring my essay to a concrete conclusion. as引导定语从句　 As is often the case, we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.情况常常如此，我们很可能从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法。 •as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如；正像”之意，代指整个主句的内容，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。与as不同，which引导非限制性定语从句代指整个主句的内容时，只能放在主句之后，意为“这一点”，且无“正如/正像……”之意。 •as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被the same，such，so等修饰。 (1)用as或which填空 ①As is said above，he has overcome the difficulty and starred in a TV series. ②He did not finish the work on time，which made his boss very angry. ③This is the same pen as I lost yesterday，which is really surprising. (2)The newspaper reports that talks between two countries are making progress. →As is reported in the newspaper，talks between the two countries are making progress.(用as引导的定语从句改写) (3)Jennifer has an impressive academic and business background，and it enables her to be accepted by the transnational corporation. →Jennifer has an impressive academic and business background，which enables her to be accepted by the transnational corporation.(用定语从句改写) Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．sharp A.adj.急剧的　B.adj.敏锐的　C.adj.锋利的　D.adv.整点地　E.adj.急转的；陡的　F.adj.清晰的 (1)She studied the young man with her sharp bright eyes. B (2)Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. A (3)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. E (4)She planned to unlock the shop at 8∶00 sharp this morning. D (5)It is really amazing that all the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. F (6)She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes. C 2．present A.n.目前，现在　B.adj.现在的，目前的　C.adj.出席的，在场的　D.v.颁发；授予　E.v.提交，呈递　F.v.带来，导致　G.v.展示，呈现 (1)The Grammy Awards are presented annually in the United States. D (2)It was surprising that his speech just won praise from all the people present. C (3)Her attorney(律师) presented related evidence to the judge. E (4)In my present job，I am in charge of the sales department of an enterprise. B (5)The EXIT signs could not be seen clearly，which presented potential safety issues. F (6)How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present？ A (7)Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. G 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)As we all know，we should keep tablets out of the reach of young children.药片 (2)Despite being a big star，she’s very approachable.平易近人的 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls. 2．He has become a crosstalk performer familiar to every one of us. 3．To my delight，he referred to English learning many times in his speech，which helped me a lot. 4．With the College Entrance Examination approaching(approach)，we are busy making full preparations for it. 5．He attempts to learn(learn) Chinese well，and he can have his homework finished based on what the teacher requires. 6．Every classroom is equipped(equip) with a computer，through which we can look up the information on different websites. 7．Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. 8．As the saying goes，a man depends upon his parents at home and upon his friends outside.It’s really true. Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力 (应用文写作：终身学习) 1．吉姆已经工作多年了。由于在大学里缺乏努力，他没有拿到证书，也没有拿到学位。(nor位于句首的倒装句) Jim has worked for many years.Due to the lack of effort in university，he didn’t get a certificate，nor did he get a degree. 2．随着社会的快速发展，对复合型人才的需求越来越大。(with的复合结构；compound talents) With the society developing so rapidly，there is an increasing demand for compound talents. 3．他充分利用业余时间接受进一步的教育使自己具备丰富的知识。(equip...with...) He made full use of his spare time to get further education to equip himself with enormous knowledge. 4．最后，他成功了。他为自己取得的成就感到骄傲。(what引导的宾语从句) Finally，he made it.He was very proud of what he had achieved. 5．他的经历告诉我们一个道理。正如谚语所说：“活到老，学到老。”(as引导的定语从句) His experience teaches us a lesson.Just as the saying goes，“It is never too late to learn.” (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ) Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people.However，the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 1 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay，put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.Stay loose and free. 2 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.Even though this technique won’t work for everyone，it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 3 Yet，by learning to live with imperfection，you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱) paper.Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration，not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 4 As a result，these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore，you can enter your changes into your word processor. 5 The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A．Make sure your handwriting is neat. B．Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C．The second draft of the essay should be better. D．First of all，learn the technique of nonstop writing. E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F．Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G．Then you can print out a fresh draft，again setting your text on triple-space. 1．答案　D 解析　分析文章结构和后两段首句可知，空格处是本段的主题句。由空后的“When you are first...write nonstop...leave the paper.”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句。 2．答案　B 解析　空前说“Stay loose and free.”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，承上启下，符合语境。 3．答案　E 解析　E选项中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明有很多人想第一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境。 4．答案　F 解析　F选项中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境。 5．答案　G 解析　根据空前和空后内容可知，空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境。 细研真题 Ⅰ.宏观把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 文章的脉络如下： Ⅱ.微观排障——长难句分析 Even though this technique won’t work for everyone，it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. 分析　该句为主从复合句，Even though引导的是让步状语从句；not与everyone连用表示部分否定；work的意思是“奏效”；draw on的意思是“借鉴，利用”。 译文　尽管这个技巧并不是对每个人都有效，但是它可以帮助人们得到大量可供借鉴的想法。 Ⅲ.主题词汇积累　语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇 设空在段中 空格设在段中通常是主题句的展开句。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。 第一步：认真阅读空前空后内容，找出联系。 第二步：分析空格前后内容的连贯性，锁定线索词。 第三步：在选项中查找相关特征词，选出正确答案。 本文中第2、 3、 4、 5题为段中设空题。以第4题为例，根据策略，其解题步骤如下： Step 1　浏览后发现空前说“第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间”，空格后说“结果，这些作家从来没有养成删掉大块的草稿，在空格处做修改的习惯”。 Step 2　通过分析发现空前有关键词“revision”，空后有关键词“these writers”“writing revisions in the blank space”。 Step 3　对比选项发现F选项中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，起到承上启下、衔接过渡的作用，故选F项。 假设你是李华，你校即将举办一场孔子思想讲座，主题是“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也”。你的英国朋友Jim对学习中国文化非常感兴趣，请你写一封邮件邀请他来听讲座，内容包括： 1．时间、地点； 2．讲座主题； 3．可能的收获。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 分步练写作 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 写作要求是邀请英国朋友Jim听讲座。写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇邀请信，写作时应注意邀请信的格式。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。 3．主体人称：人称应该以第一人称和第二人称为主。 [谋篇] 第一段：引出主题，发出邀请。 第二段：写明讲座的时间、地点、主题和可能的收获。 第三段：表示对朋友到来的期待。 第二步　遣词造句 [核心用词] 1．参加一个讲座attend a lecture 2．聚焦于focus on/upon 3．塑造一个人的性格shape one’s personality 4．对……有更好的理解have a better understanding of... 5．接受邀请accept one’s invitation 6．一次有意义的经历a meaningful experience 7．一次有益的经历a rewarding experience [连词成句] 1．我知道你对中国文化很感兴趣。 I know that you are very interested in Chinese culture. 2．我写信是想邀请你参加在我们学校举办的一个关于孔子的讲座。 I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about Confucius to be held in our school. 3．被邀请的教授将重点讨论孔子的一句名言——见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 The invited professor will focus on one of Confucius’ sayings—When you see worthy ones，strive to equal them. 4．这个讲座不仅能帮助你了解是什么塑造了我们的性格，也能让你更好地了解中国文化。 The lecture will not only help you know what shapes our personalities but also enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. 5．这是一次有意义而又有益的经历，你一定会受益匪浅。 It will be a meaningful and rewarding experience and you will definitely benefit a lot. [句式升级] 1．用现在分词短语作状语改写句1和句2。 Knowing that you are very interested in Chinese culture，I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about Confucius to be held in our school. 2．用what引导的主语从句改写句3。 What the invited professor will focus on is one of Confucius’ sayings—When you see worthy ones，strive to equal them. 3．用部分倒装句改写句4。 Not only will the lecture help you know what shapes our personalities but also enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. 4．用which引导的定语从句改写句5。 It will be a meaningful and rewarding experience，which will definitely benefit you a lot. 第三步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 参考范文 Dear Jim， How is everything going？Knowing that you are very interested in Chinese culture，I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about Confucius to be held in our school. The lecture is scheduled to start at 6 pm next Friday，in Lecture Hall 1.What the invited professor will focus on is one of Confucius’ sayings—When you see worthy ones，strive to equal them.Not only will the lecture help you know what shapes our personalities but also enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. It will be a meaningful and rewarding experience，which will definitely benefit you a lot.I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$