主题一 语境2 个人、家庭、社区及学校生活（复习讲案）（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（话题版 辽鲁琼京津闽渝鄂粤冀湘苏浙黑吉皖甘赣贵桂晋云豫新）

Ⅰ.记重点单词 1．campus n．校园；校区 2．goal n．目标；球门；射门 3．strategy n．策略；策划 4．personality n．性格；个性 5．author n．作者；作家 6．award n．奖；奖品；奖金 7．acquire vt.获得，得到 8．journal n．日记，日志 9．boarder n．寄宿生，住校生 10．struggle n．& v．奋斗，拼搏 11．partner n．同伴；配偶；合伙人 12．resource n．资源；资料；谋略(pl.) 13．awkward adj.令人尴尬的；难对付的 14．tip n．指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 15．workshop n．研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 16．well-rounded adj.全面发展的；面面俱到的 17．senior adj.级别(或地位)高的 n．较年长的人 18．campaign n．运动；活动；战役，军事行动；竞选 19．potential n．潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的 20．exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换 21．lecture n．讲座；讲课；教训 vi.开讲座；讲课 vt.训斥 22．debate n．讨论，辩论 v．(尤指正式)讨论，辩论；仔细考虑 23．inner adj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的；隐藏的；内心的 24．schedule n．工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定 25．monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测 n．显示器，监视器 26．content n．内容 (pl.)目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题 27．praise v．赞扬；颂扬 n．赞扬，称赞；颂扬；崇拜 28．junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的 n．职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年 29．freshman n．(especially NAmE)(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生 30．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任→confidently adv.自信地；有把握地 31．register vt.& vi.登记；注册→registration n．登记；注册；挂号 32．design n．设计；设计方案 vt.设计；筹划→designer n．设计者 33．organize vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建→organization n．组织；团体；机构→organizer n．组织者 34．improve vi.& vt.改进；改善→improvement n．改进；改善；提高 35．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地 36．revise vt.& vi.修改；修订；复习→revision n．修正；复习；修订本 37．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的；热切的；热心的→eagerly adv.渴望地；热切地 38．collection n．(一批)收藏品→collect vt.收集；募集 vi.收集；聚集；募捐 39．description n．描述，描写；叙述；形容→describe vt.描述，形容；描绘 40．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．智力；才智，智慧；天分 41．investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查；调查研究 42．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform vt.执行；完成；演奏 vi.执行；(机器)运转；表演→performer n．表演者 43．proposal n．提议，建议，动议→propose vt.建议；打算，计划；求婚 vi.建议；求婚 44．graduate vi.毕业；获得学位 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼 45．complexity n．复杂性；难题→complex adj.复杂的；合成的 n．建筑群；综合设施 46．assign vt.分配；分派；指派(任务)→assignment n．分配；任务；作业；功课 47．distribute vt.分发；分配；分送→distribution n．分布；分配；经销 48．patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patiently adv.耐心地→impatiently adv.不耐烦地 49．impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的 50．explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探→explorer n．探险家；勘探者；探测器→exploration n．探险；探索 51．apply v．申请；应用→application n．应用；申请；(对事物、学习等)投入→applicant n．申请人，申请者；请求者 52．subscribe v．订阅(报纸或杂志)→subscriber n．订户；签署者；捐献者→subscription n．捐献；订阅；订金 53．disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格→qualify v．使具有资格；证明……合格→qualified adj.合格的；有资格的→qualification n．资格；条件 54．individual n．个人 adj.单独的；个别的→individually adv.个别地；单独地 1．semester n．学期；半学年 2．periodical n．(学术)期刊；杂志 adj.周期的 3．bachelor n．学士；单身汉 4．engineering n．工程；工程学 5．overdue adj.过期的；迟到的；未兑的 6．president n．总统；董事长；校长；主席 7．boast vt.夸口说，自吹自擂说；以有……而自豪 8．statistic n．统计；统计学；(pl.)统计资料 9．credit n．信用，信誉；贷款；学分；信任；声望 10．catalogue n．目录；一系列 vt.把……编入目录 Ⅱ.背核心短语 1．take notes记笔记 2．in panic惊慌地 3．refer to提到，谈到 4．as a result of由于 5．lie in存在于，在于 6．team up with与……合作 7．in particular尤其，特别 8．stick to坚持；固守，维持 9．make an impression留下好印象 10．leave...alone不打扰；不惊动 11．go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力 12．look forward to盼望；期待 13．drop out of school退学，辍学 14．make a difference起作用，有影响 15．make the most of充分利用；尽情享受 Ⅲ.悟经典句式 1．before引导时间状语从句 To be frank，studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy.You’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. 坦率地说，在不同的文化中攻读学位从来都不容易。在你来之前，你最好学习一些基本的汉语。 2．so...that...如此……以至于…… The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has been so severe that after-school classes have been forced to close. 最近的疫情形势如此严峻以至于课外班都被迫关停。 3．It is the first time that sb have/has done.../It was the first time that sb had done...这是某人第一次做…… It’s the first time that he has taken online courses because of the rapid spread of the disease. 因为疾病的迅速扩散，这是他第一次上网课。 4. It is a great honor for sb to do...对某人来说做……很荣幸。 It is a great honor for John to help his students acquire more knowledge by giving online classes. 对约翰来说，通过给学生们上网课让他们学到更多的知识，是一种莫大的荣幸。 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Campus security 1.turns(turn) out to be very significant.However，there are some potential problems in campus and the campus security is being threatened.Therefore，we should go all out 2.to keep(keep) the campus safe.First of all，the school should hire more responsible gatekeepers and adopt some 3.strategies(strategy) to prevent the social people from 4.coming(come) into the campus.In addition，schools should not only hire graduates who are 5.qualified(qualify)for teaching but also care about 6.their(they) individual qualities.The school also has to organize some activities for students to increase their safe consciousness and offer them some tips 7.on how to protect themselves.In general，campus security is so important 8.that it needs all of us to make efforts to achieve it.If everyone can do their parts，then it will make 9.a big difference.And finally，it will be of great benefit for students’ well-rounded development and healthy 10.growth(grow)． exchange vt.& n．交换；交流；兑换 ·exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 exchange A for B 以A交换B ·in exchange (for...)作为交换，互换 exchange student交换生 (1)Could you please help me to exchange this trunk for a bigger one? (2)To my surprise，he offered to clean the classroom for a week in exchange for my help with his English. (3)虽然我是一名交换生，但我精通英语，并了解英国文化。 While I am an exchange student，I have a good command of English and know about British culture. (4)读完一些英文名著之后，我们将就我们所读的内容与我们的同伴交换看法。(应用文写作之通知) After reading some English classics，we will exchange ideas about what we read with our partners. patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力 (patient adj.耐心的 n．病人 patiently adv.耐心地 impatiently adv.不耐烦地) •have the patience to do sth有耐心做某事 with patience耐心地 out of patience失去耐心；不耐烦 •be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 (1)My English teacher is always willing to explain the difficult language points to us with patience(patient)． (2)I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you were never impatient(patient) with me. (3)我的英语老师不仅对我们有耐心，而且他也关心我们的精神健康。因此他是我最尊敬的人。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ①My English teacher is not only patient with us but also he pays attention to our mental health.So he is the person I respect most. ②Not only is my English teacher patient with us but also he pays attention to our mental health.So he is the person I respect most.(not only 位于句首的部分倒装句) impress v．使印象深刻；使铭记；使意识到 (impression n．印象；印记；感想 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的) •impress...on...把……印在……上 impress sth on/upon sb ＝impress sb with sth使某人牢记某事 be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻；被……打动 •leave/make/create a(n)...impression on/upon sb 给某人留下一个……的印象 (1)The girl impressed her new teacher and classmates with her liveliness and a sense of humor. (2)At the end of the meeting yesterday，his lecture left a deep impression on/upon his audience. (3)A few characters are used to create a single impression(impress) growing out of the theme.(2020·浙江7月) (4)让我印象最深刻的是校园的美景和同学们的友善。 ①What impressed me most/What was most impressive was the beautiful scenery of the campus and the friendliness of my classmates.(主语从句；impress或impressive) ② The scenery of the campus was beautiful，and my classmates were friendly，which left/made/created a deep impression on/upon me.(定语从句；impression) ③I was deeply impressed by the beautiful scenery of the campus and the friendliness of my classmates.(be impressed by...) apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求[application n．申请(书)；应用 applicant n．申请人] apply to sb/sth适用于…… apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物 apply to do sth申请做某事 apply sth to...把某物应用/涂抹于…… apply oneself to (doing) sth致力于/集中精力于(做)某事 (1)He was one of the 30 applicants(apply) for the new job，so he had no confidence in himself. (2)如果你从现在起专心复习功课，我相信你能考上重点大学。 If you apply yourself to revising your lessons from now on，I am confident that you can be admitted to a key university. (3)得知我们学校的英语协会现在需要一些志愿者，我写信申请加入。(应用文写作之申请信) Learning that the English Association of our school is now in need of some volunteers，I’m writing to apply to join it. struggle n．斗争；难事；努力 vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 struggle to do...努力做……；挣扎着做…… struggle against/with...同……作斗争；与……抗争 struggle for sth为了某事而斗争 (1)After the fall，she struggled to her feet，trying to keep back the tears in her eyes. (2)The explorers in the mountain had to struggle for their lives against/with the bad weather and wild animals. (3)由于大学社区不同于家庭，许多学生将很难找到归属感，并且还得克服想家的情绪。 Because a college community differs from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging and struggle with/against homesickness. award n．奖；奖品；奖金；助学金vt.授予；判给；奖赏 •take up an award接受奖项 win/receive/get an award for sth因……而得奖 •award sth to sb ＝award sb sth授予/判给某人某物 (1)I often dream of performing on a wonderful stage and winning an award for my performance. (2)The Nobel Prize in medicine of 2015 was awarded to Tu Youyou for her great contributions in treating malaria. (3)接受这个奖的时候，我是如此激动以至于热泪盈眶。(读后续写之动作、心理描写) When taking up the award，I was so excited that tears welled up in my eyes.(状语从句的省略；so...that...) before引导时间状语从句　 To be frank，studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy.You’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come.坦率地说，在不同的文化中攻读学位从来都不容易。在你来之前，你最好学习一些基本的汉语。 before引导时间状语从句时，翻译比较灵活，可译为“在……之前；……之后才……；(不久)就……；还没来得及就……”等意义。 含before的常用句式： It won’t be long before...不久就……(before从句用一般现在时) It will be＋一段时间＋before...过若干时间才……(before从句用一般现在时) It wasn’t...before...没过多长时间就……(before从句用一般过去时) It was...before...过了多长时间才……(before从句用一般过去时) (1)写出下列句子中before的汉语意思 ①How time flies! Two weeks has gone by before we knew it.在……之前 ②It’s a pity that it will be five years before we meet again.……之后才…… ③It will not be long before the naughty student realizes his mistakes.不久就…… ④He took the bad news out of his mouth before I could stop him.还没来得及就…… (2)将近一天之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友彼得道歉。 It was nearly a day before he realized his mistakes and said sorry to his friend Peter. Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．perform A.起……作用　B.执行　C.表现好/不好　D.演出 (1)Surgeons are performing an emergency operation. B (2)She has been performing an important role in the non-profit organization. A (3)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing，and then goes for whatever.(2020·江苏) D (4)“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not，on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes，” Levine said in a statement.(2020·全国Ⅱ) C 2．tip A.n.小费　B.n.技巧；提示　C.n.尖；尖端　D.vt.付小费　E.vt.弄翻；使倾斜 (1)Sorry，your name is just on the tip of my tongue. C (2)After I had my hair cut，I gave the hairdresser a tip. A (3)Here are some tips on how to make friends. B (4)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service. D (5)The wind blew and the plants began to shake，tipping their leaves. E 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)Mr Smith lectured the student for being late.训斥 (2)To enjoy the convenience of digital payment，many senior citizens started to use smartphones. 年长的 (3)They scored five goals in the first half of the match.进球，射门 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The registration(register) of students for the course will begin on Thursday morning. 2．Nobody has cleaned up the room recently so that everything in it is covered with dust. 3．The teacher looked at Peter straight in the eye and wanted to know the truth with eagerness(eager)． 4．While the police have already done a lot of investigation(investigate)，much evidence remains to be confirmed. 5．Many of the families were living a hard life and they were struggling to make(make) ends meet. 6．Before graduation，students exchanged presents with each other，which was really moving. 7．It will take about a year before we meet again after we graduate from college. 8．We would be grateful if you could give approval to our proposal(propose)． Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力 (应用文写作：英语演讲比赛报道) 1．我很荣幸能参加我们学校上周举行的英语演讲比赛。(It is a great honor for sb to do...) It is a great honor for me to attend the English speech contest held in our school last week. 2．这个活动是如此吸引人，有100多名学生参加了比赛，真令人惊讶。(so...that...) The activity was so attractive that more than 100 students took part in the contest，which was really surprising. 3．这是我第一次报名参加英语演讲比赛，所以我真的很紧张。(It was the first time that...) It was the first time that I had signed up for the English speech contest，so I was really nervous. 4．但是没过多久我就意识到我应该鼓起勇气去面对挑战。(It was not long before...) But it was not long before I realized that I should gather my courage to face the challenge. 5．这次活动不仅增强了我的信心，也开阔了我的视野。(confidence) Not only did the activity build up my confidence but also broadened my horizons. (2021·新高考全国Ⅱ，C) A British woman who won a $1 million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. Andria Zafirakou，a north London secondary school teacher，said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution(变革)．“We are going to make a change，”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.” The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort—whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star—into schools to work with and inspire children. Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School，her place of work for the past twelve years.“I’ve seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by—their eyes are shining and their faces light up，” she said.“We need artists more than ever in our schools.” Artist Michael Craig-Martin said：“Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.” It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary，he added. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project.He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on.“It is absolutely necessary.The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity，and it is our creative spirit，our visionary sense of freshness，that has been our strength for centuries.” 1．What will Zafirakou do with her prize money? A．Make a movie. B．Build new schools. C．Run a project. D．Help local musicians. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Andria Zafirakou，...she said.‘I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.’”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。 2．What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools? A．It is particularly difficult. B．It increases artists’ income. C．It opens children’s mind. D．It deserves greater attention. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段尤其是“‘...at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools.’It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary，he added.”可知，目前艺术课程在学校里被低估，没有受到应有的重视，所以Craig-Martin认为，学校的这种态度是不对的，即英国学校的艺术教学应该引起更多的关注。故选D。 3．What should be stressed in school education according to Schama? A．Moral principles. B．Interpersonal skills. C．Creative abilities. D．Positive worldviews. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Bring Artists to Schools B．When Historians Meet Artists C．Arts Education in Britain D．The World’s Best Arts Teacher 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。结合全文内容，尤其根据第二段Andria Zafirakou说的话可知，文章介绍了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动的一个项目，让艺术家走进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。 细研真题 Ⅰ.宏观把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为“世界最佳教师”后获得了100万美元的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目——让艺术家走进学校。 Ⅱ.微观排障——长难句分析 A British woman who won a $1 million prize after she was named the World’s Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools. 分析　该句为主从复合句，主句为A British woman will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools；who引导的是定语从句，并在从句中作主语。 译文　一名英国女子在被评为“世界最佳教师”后获得了100万美元的奖金，她将用这笔钱把鼓舞人心的人物带进英国学校。 Ⅲ.主题词汇积累　语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇 直接细节题——定位对比找答案 第一步：先通过题干信息来选择定位词。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词等，即问题的核心信息。 第二步：在原文中查找定位词或定位词的近义词，找出相关的句子。 第三步：分析这些句子和选项，得出正确答案。 本文中第1题为直接信息题。根据策略，其解题步骤如下： Step 1　确定题干关键词：what，Zafirakou，her prize money Step 2　回到原文准定位： Andria Zafirakou，a north London secondary school teacher，said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution...she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”(paragraph 2) Step 3　结合定位的句子，对比选项发现最佳答案是C。 (2022·浙江1月改编) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dr Henderson was assigning(指定) project mates for his psychology class，I secretly hoped that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with.Above all，I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.As fate(命运) would have it，Dr Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself.He looked at me as though I weren’t there.I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.He wasn’t mean or abusive；he just gave me the impression that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say，I didn’t look forward to an entire term of being brushed off，but I tried to make the best of it and didn’t say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis(假说)，set up an experiment to test the hypothesis，do the statistical analysis and present the findings.Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project，I was uneasy.Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.I actually wanted to drop the class at one point，but stopped short because I didn’t want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out.I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers.I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly，but at least we had a topic. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. 分步练写作 第一步　快读文本　获取信息 故事五要素信息： 人物 亨德森教授；我；我的队友 时间 当老师分配我们做项目时 地点 学校 事件 老师把我和我最不愿碰到的家伙分到一组。遇到这样的一个搭档，我只能少说以免出错 起因 亨德森教授在他的心理课上指定项目搭档 故事发展线索：老师指定项目搭档→我虽不愿和我的搭档一组，但仍坚持下来→我和搭档讨论项目→讨论后有了项目主题 情感发展线索：不情愿(老师把我和我最不愿碰到的家伙分到一组)→感觉被轻视(我向新搭档介绍自己)→内心不安(我们讨论项目时)→放松(确定了项目主题) 第二步　细读首句　合理推测 1．针对续写第一段首句设问： (1)How did we draw up our plans? (2)Did we cooperate well? (3)How did we feel when we carried out our plans? 续写的第一段首句讲的是我们定期见面起草我们的方案。接着应该写事情是如何进展的，我们是否合作得很好，感受如何。 2．针对续写第二段首句设问： (1)How was my reaction to him? (2)Did I finish the project well? (3)What did I learn from the experience? 续写第二段首句说我听到搭档生病住院的消息，接着应该写我的反应和感受，我的具体做法，最后是不是完成了项目，我从中有何收获。 第三步　恰当用词　打造靓句 1．虽然我想和他充分地分享我的想法，但我没有这样做因为我害怕会托他的后腿。 Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully，I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back. 2．我认为说服他接受我的观点是不可能的，所以我不想浪费时间去讨论。 I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views，so I didn’t want to waste our time on discussion. 3．一到约好的地方我就开始等着离开，他也是如此。 I started to wait to leave immediately we arrived at the appointed place，and so did he. 4．当我带着鲜花和水果走进他的病房时，他看到我有点惊讶。 He was a little surprised to see me when I stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits. 5．我们的努力得到了回报，亨德森教授对我们精彩的调查结果感到很满意。 Our hard work paid off and Dr Henderson was very satisfied with our wonderful findings. 第四步　衔接过渡　组句成篇 在确定了思路和内容之后，续写时，要注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。 参考范文 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully，I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back.I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it’s OK to do this way or that way.I thought it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views，so I didn’t want to waste our time on discussion.I started to wait to leave immediately we arrived at the appointed place，and so did he.I just hoped that the presentation day could come earlier. One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.I felt so sorry to hear that and I thought I should visit him in any case.He was a little surprised to see me when I stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits.I offered to do the rest work of our project and he invited me to share my ideas to perfect it.We began to work as a fine team and finally finished our project on time.Our hard work paid off and Dr Henderson was very satisfied with our wonderful findings.From this project，we also learned the significance of teammates.Just as the saying goes，one person can go far，but a group of persons can travel farther. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$