Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 单元知识滚动练-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

单元知识滚动练 Unit 3 复习强化 提示：加灰底词为Unit 4词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Lost in his experiment，he was not aware that all others had left. 2．The boy was removed from the school football team due to his injury. 3．The fact is that it is really difficult for an addict to quit smoking. 4．His abilities and broad knowledge are not fully appreciated(欣赏) by his boss. 5．The professors’ comments(评论) on our experiment really made us a little surprised. 6．The chess club is not only for entertainment but can also enrich our knowledge. 7．We promise to deliver(递送) the goods within 24 hours. 8．Our company offers technical(技术的) support free of charge for those buying our software. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We would appreciate it if you could provide us with sufficient data. 2．You can get access to the research databases just on your smartphone. 3．The project aims to raise general awareness(aware) about saving energy. 4．The fact is that the members who are in favour of the plan are in the majority(major)． 5．The lovely cat belonging(belong) to my best friend died in this traffic accident. 6．A boy ran to me instantly(instant) he saw me in the street，which puzzled me. 7．When he woke up the next morning，he found himself lying(lie) in the hospital. 8．During high school，we have to study Chinese，math，and English，which all belong to the college examination subjects. Unit 4 巩固落实 提示：加灰底词为Unit 3 词汇 Ⅲ.单词拼写 1．Due to lack of sufficient evidence，the man was set free. 2．Her travel journal was published(发表) in a famous magazine，giving her a surprise. 3．He has applied for a post which is relevant to trade affairs. 4．Statistics indicate(暗示，表明) that the majority of the students choose science major. 5．Because of the heavy rain，the sports meeting has to be postponed until next week. 6．We are conducting(组织，实施) a survey of people’s attitudes toward buying goods online. 7．I intended to be an engineer developing software in the future，which earned my father’s support. 8．Born in a poor family，he only received limited education in his childhood. 9．We all know that proper exercise every day is beneficial to our health. 10．To his credit(赞扬，认可)，the athlete got a good result in the important competition. Ⅳ.选词填空 pay off，put forward，take it for granted，by accident，with a bang，through trial and error，as to，speed up 1．The team won their last four games，ending the season with a bang. 2.Obviously，modern devices have speeded up people’s lives to a certain extent. 3．She discovered the recipe by accident during a visit to a nearby school. 4．Recent studies tell us that learning is enhanced through trial and error. 5.Above all else，you shouldn’t take it for granted that your parents love you so much. 6．What do you think of the plan Tom put forward last week? 7．If you can afford to go out all the time，you can afford to pay off some of your debts. 8．There are no hard rules，but rather traditional guidelines as to who pays for what. Ⅴ.单句语法填空 1．I always dream of having a house surrounded(surround) by green trees and flowers. 2．It was not until a month later that he got interested in badminton. 3．They displayed only a part of their products because the space was limited(limit)． 4．Students should involve themselves in community activities，which can help them establish good relationships with others. 5．I hope these suggestions will be of benefit to you and you can make great progress in English. 6．The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 7．The side effect of the drug is that it can speed up our heart rate. 8．Children should ask for their parents’ permission(permit) before going out at night. Ⅵ.完成句子 1．I consider it no use quarrelling with him about it. 我认为关于这件事和他争吵是没用的。 2．Some scientists declare that most of our tiredness comes from our mental and emotional attitudes. 一些科学家宣称，我们的疲劳大部分来自我们的精神和情感态度。 3．Learning English well is beneficial to your future career. 学好英语有益于你未来的职业。 4．It is about to rain and they are likely to postpone the opening ceremony. 就要下雨了，他们很可能会推迟这场开幕典礼。 5．Was it the young man’s honesty and hard work that helped him gain this position? 是这个年轻人的诚实和努力工作帮助他获得了这个职位吗？ Ⅶ.单元语法——单句语法填空 1．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken(take)． 2．Our school offers students a course specially designed(design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 3．To solve the problem of water pollution，I’d like to look at a study conducted(conduct) in 2020. 4．The teacher came into the lab，followed(follow) by some students. 5．Disappointed(disappoint) at her son’s study，the woman began to cry. 能力提升 Ⅷ.阅读理解 Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important. One of the winners of 2022’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal.He received the award with two other chemists for their work on “click chemistry”．Click chemistry describes when scientists create materials that join molecules together even in living things.Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．He talked about his co-winner，Carolyn Bertozzi.He said，“She has such a broad knowledge of both chemistry and biology and she knows how to use her knowledge in a very skillful way.” Researchers Michele Root Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”，who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives.Sometimes they are called “Renaissance” men or women. One winner in Physiology or Medicine，Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard，said that during some parts of her life，she made games，drew pictures and wrote a cookbook.She told young scientists to avoid following the “mainstream” and move out of their study areas in order to be independent and original. Most professionals are not like the prize winners.They are special in that they regularly look for chances to learn new things，even outside of their jobs.Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood，metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers say that the Nobel Prize winners have an open mind about their life experiences，unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests. Dario Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997.He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing.“When I’m having difficulty with a play，I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures，” he said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，获得诺贝尔奖的人们往往是具有多种兴趣、在不同的领域具备广博知识的博学者，而不是专业者。 1．Why does the author mention Meldal and Carolyn? A．To stress their wider range of knowledge. B．To explain the meaning of “click chemistry”． C．To introduce the significance of their research. D．To congratulate them on winning the Nobel Prize. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段末句“But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.”推知，作者在第二段中提到了2022年获得诺贝尔化学奖的Morten Meldal和Carolyn Bertozzi及他们各自在化学之外的兴趣和知识等，是为了强调他们广博的知识面。故选A。 2．What do the words “‘Renaissance’ men or women” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Those who explore their interests in their work. B．Those who know a lot about many different fields. C．Those who have the potential to win the Nobel Prize. D．Those who live a life like that of Renaissance people. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，大量的诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为“博学多才”，他们在工作和生活中有很多不同的兴趣。由此猜测，Renaissance men or women指的是那些懂得不同领域知识的人们。故选B。 3．What do Nobel Prize winners tend to do? A．Live a life with a variety of interests. B．Follow the popular current of thought. C．Focus on their special work to be successful. D．Find chances to seek for new things regularly. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章中列举的获得诺贝尔奖的科学家们的例子以及第六段可知，这些诺贝尔奖获得者们往往倾向于过一种有各种兴趣爱好的生活。故选A。 4．What does the example of Dario Fo prove? A．Hobbies are unique to everyone. B．Hobbies are important to inspiration. C．Hobbies are the first step to knowledge. D．Hobbies bring you energy and excitement. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing.‘When I’m having difficulty with a play，I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures，’ he said.”可推知，Dario Fo的例子证明了业余爱好对创作灵感的促进作用。故选B。 Ⅸ.七选五 Natural disasters may claim thousands of lives or destroy millions of homes.What can we learn from disasters? Sometimes，there are no real answers.Everyone has lost something and someone，and they keep on asking what they have done to deserve this cruel fate.It’s okay to hold on to these questions，but no matter how hard and painful it is，you should keep moving，breathing and living. 1 Even strangers can teach you kindness.There may be millions of selfish people in the world. 2 There is still kindness out there，waiting to be discovered.You will find it everywhere，at the most unexpected places—even among the wastelands left by the disaster. Family is everything.Sometimes we forget to love our family，just because we’re too busy with our own lives. 3 We will not realize their value until we arrive at an empty house，an abandoned and forgotten place that you once called “home”． 4 Sure，reality can be harsh and unforgiving but it doesn’t mean that we should blame ourselves and feel like a victim forever.We have to strive and thrive；we have to fight and do whatever it takes to resist and rise up.Not everyone will have a happy ending or an interesting plot，but we can always decide how to write the ending. Every day of your life should be spent loving and living.Don’t be angry at the world for letting you live an unbearable life of heartbreaks and frustrations. 5 So just love deep and love hard.Live as if it’s your only chance to find the happiness that you deserve. A．You’ll find your way someday. B．Your money won’t matter in the end. C．Life is too short to live in its imperfections. D．However，it’s not a reason to lose hope in humanity. E．You shouldn’t be a victim forever—be a survivor. F．You have to help yourself first before you can help others. G．At times，we take them for granted because we think they’ll always be there. 语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。尽管现实很残酷，有很多灾难，我们都应该热爱生活，过好每一天。 1．答案　A 解析　上文说明，尽管现实残酷，生活艰难，但总有一天会找到出路，继续生活。选项A(你总有一天会找到出路)符合题意，承接上文。故选A。 2．答案　D 解析　上文“Even strangers can teach you kindness.There may be millions of selfish people in the world.”与下文“There is still kindness out there，waiting to be discovered.”说明世界上总还是有善良的人，故不应对世界、对人类感到失望，选项D(然而，这并不是一个对人类失去希望的理由)符合题意。故选D。 3．答案　G 解析　下文“We will not realize their value until we arrive at an empty house，an abandoned and forgotten place that you once called ‘home’．”说明平时我们不会意识到家以及家人对于我们的意义和价值，选项G(有时，我们认为他们是理所当然的，因为我们认为他们会永远在那里)符合题意。故选G。 4．答案　E 解析　下文“Sure，reality can be harsh and unforgiving but it doesn’t mean that we should blame ourselves and feel like a victim forever.”说明我们不应该认为自己是一个受害者，选项E(你不应该永远成为受害者——应该成为幸存者)符合题意。故选E。 5．答案　C 解析　上文“Don’t be angry at the world for letting you live an unbearable life of heartbreaks and frustrations.”说明我们生活的世界不完美，但我们仍要积极乐观，选项C(生命太短暂，不可能生活在完美中)符合题意。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$