Unit 2 Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 6　Extended reading & Other parts—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．A nearby volcano erupted violently，sending out a hail of rocks and boiling mud. 2．We all know that China tea has been exported to many foreign countries. 3．With so many destructive(破坏性的) fires in this area，my heart breaks for the people and wildlife who have lost so much. 4．Many shopping malls tend to locate(把……安置在) stores in areas of dense population. 5．Without any hesitation，the young soldier rushed into the burning house to rescue those trapped. 6．Since the tsunami，donations have been flooding(大量涌入) in from all over the world. 7．The retired old man donated(捐赠) most of his savings to schools damaged by the earthquake. 8．You’d better make a mark where you bury the wine，otherwise you may lose it. 9．After several months of sailing，they finally arrived at their destination(目的地)． 10．A private detective has unearthed(发掘) some fresh evidence so far. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The boy was so curious about the box that he opened it just to satisfy his curiosity.(curious) 2．Around the year 600，the eruption(erupt) of a nearby volcano buried Ceren’s buildings. 3．I sent letters to everyone I knew，calling on them to donate money.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.(donate) 4.Rescue planes are trying to locate the missing people；they are searching for the exact location of the people who are missing.(locate) 5．With people’s incomes sharply growing，there has been a sharp increase in the number of vehicles.(sharp) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．While she was reading，she heard her name called from behind. 当她在读书的时候，她听见有人在背后叫她的名字。 2．Once upon a time here lived a man who was known by the name of Yu Gong. 从前，这里住着一个人，名叫愚公。 3．Several years after they graduated from high school，they met again by chance in Paris. 他们高中毕业几年之后，在巴黎又偶然相遇。 shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的) be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth因做某事而感到震惊 be shocked that...对……感到震惊 (1)All of us were shocked at the shocking news that such an attack should happen in this region.(shock) (2)We were shocked to hear(hear) that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.The news was a shock to everyone. (3)(2020·浙江，读后续写)The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shocked. →The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in，which shocked Elli and I．(which引导非限制性定语从句) →What shocked Elli and I was that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.(what引导主语从句) scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓(scared adj.害怕的 scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的，引起恐慌的) •scare...away/off把……吓跑 scare sb into doing sth恐吓/警告某人做某事 •(be) scared to death吓得要死 be scared to do sth害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new. (2)Pictures of diseased lungs scare people into quitting smoking. (3)(2020·浙江，读后续写)At the very moment，the helicopter arrived.It landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the bear off/away. (4)(2020·浙江，读后续写)When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I was nearly scared to death.当我意识到那头熊回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。 (5)(读后续写之心理描写)I bowed my head timidly and I was scared to look at my father’s cloudy face. 我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。 donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)(donation n．捐赠，捐献 donor n．捐赠者；献血者) donate sth to...＝make a donation (of sth) to...向……捐赠 (1)(2021·天津)Pruitt tries to give his donations(donate) to families that are truly struggling. (2)(读后续写之人物描写)The old man donated a lot of money to the school，enabling the students to return to their classroom. (3)政府呼吁公众给贫穷的孩子捐款。 ①The government appeals to the public to donate money to the poor children.(donate) ②The government appeals to the public to make a donation of money to the poor children.(donation) curious adj.好奇的；奇特的(curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲) •be curious about sth对某事好奇 be curious to do sth渴望做某事 •out of curiosity出于好奇 with curiosity＝curiously好奇地 (1)Many people gathered at the bar gate，curious to know (know) what was happening. (2)(应用文写作之邀请信)If you are curious about the history of our school，you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity! (3)To satisfy my curiosity，I opened my father’s drawer curiously the other day.(curious) (4)We are curious about Western art，so we’d like you to deliver a speech about the history of it. 我们对西方艺术很好奇，所以想请你做一个关于西方艺术历史的演讲。 distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远(distant adj.遥远的；冷淡的) •in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处 at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远 keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from...与某人保持距离；疏远…… within walking distance走着就能到；很近 •be distant from距……很远；与……不同 (1)Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank. (2)(2022·全国甲)However，after I went to high school，somehow I became distant(distance) from him. (3)(2020·全国Ⅱ)We’ll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which is at a distance of two kilometers from our school. 我们将于下周六在一家距我们学校两公里的农场进行水果采摘活动。 (4)(应用文写作之建议信)Learning that other students always keep you at a distance，I am writing to offer you some suggestions.了解到其他同学总是疏远你，我写信是为了给你一些建议。 (5)(应用文写作之建议信)You can also visit the city museum，which is within walking distance of the hotel where you stay.你也可以参观城市博物馆，从你住的酒店走着就能到。 rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救(rescuer n．救助者，救援人员) •come/go to one’s rescue来/去营救某人 •rescue sb/sth from...从……中营救…… (1)The firemen rescued three climbers from the mountain.Fortunately，these rescuers(rescue) brought them back safe and sound. (2)The girl who fell into the river would have died if the young man hadn’t come to her rescue. (3)幸运的是，当我们被困在家里时，警察救了我们。 ①Luckily，the police rescued us when we were trapped in our house.(rescue vt.) ②Luckily，the police came to our rescue when we were trapped in our house.(rescue n．) locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)(location n．位置；场所) be located in/on＝be situated in坐落于；位于 lie in位于 (1)(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located(locate) just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. (2)On learning that an art exhibition is to be held and that you’re collecting suggestions on its location(locate)，we all come to life. (3)(2020·全国Ⅱ)这个农场位于我市郊区，有蔬菜、水果等多种农作物。 ①The farm，located in the suburb of our city，has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(locate) ②The farm，situated in the suburb of our city，has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(situate) ③The farm，which lies in the suburb of our city，has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(定语从句，lie) run out of 用完，耗尽 run out用光(不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态) (1)I am running out of petrol.I must find a gas station before it runs out. 我的汽油快用完了。我必须在汽油用完之前找到加油站。 (2)(应用文写作之倡议书)In the future，care for the environment will become very important as the earth’s natural resources are running out. 在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。 (3)(读后续写之人物描写)Running out of energy and patience，Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.(v.-ing作状语) 耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃了在小溪边散步，然后就睡着了。 as if引导方式状语从句 教材原句　Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday...它的墙壁依然新的像昨天刚刚刷完……(P26) •as if/though 好像，可引导方式状语从句或表语从句。在此句中，as if 引导方式状语从句，其后省略了they were。 •在有些情况下，特别是从句主语和主句主语相同时，as if/though后采用省略形式，结构：as if/though＋分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语等。 (1)The little child stared at me as if seeing(see) me for the first time. (2)He opened his mouth as if to say(say) something important. (3)The director left the meeting room as if/though in anger. 导演离开了会议室，好像很生气。 (4)It seems as if/though the boy has lost his way. 这个男孩好像迷路了。 Ⅰ.一词多义 sharp A.adj.锋利的　B.adj.急剧的，骤然的　C.adj.严厉的　D.adj.灵敏的 1．It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.It was only a very small fault. D 2．After the storm，there was a sharp drop in temperature. B 3．It’s dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife. A 4．He was very sharp with me when I was late. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I retired late that evening.睡觉；就寝 2．Although Tom lives far away from his family，they don’t feel distant.疏远的 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The people who have been to this Roman city say that its beauty is beyond description. 2．His new book mainly took the form of pictures，so that it attracted many teenagers. 3．He rushed to the airport to meet his honey，only to find(find) that she had gone. 4．The Aviation Challenge program gives staff members the chance to earn(earn) their Aviation medal. 5．The local people of the county lined up to donate money to the earthquake-hit area. 6．His new house is within walking distance of his company. 7．I wake up every morning，feeling(feel) energetic and ready to start a new day. 8．Hold on tightly to your umbrella so that it doesn’t blow away in the wind. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I’d like to buy a house—modern，comfortable，and above all in a quiet neighbourhood. 2．It’s reported that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming. 3．I saw someone waving to me in the distance，but I couldn’t see it clearly. 4．As shots rang out，the crowd in the supermarket ran screaming in all directions. 5．He had to throw out a few drunks who were causing trouble in the bar. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——在线学习) 1．我觉得在线学习对我们学生有很大影响。(It occurs to sb that...) It occurs to me that online learning has a great effect on us students. 2．在线学习不仅可以开阔我们的视野也会提高我们的学习兴趣。(not only...but also...) Online learning can not only broaden our horizons but also enhance our interest in learning. 3．使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(what主语从句，shock) What shocks us is that many students are addicted to online games. 4．从长远看，这会对他们的健康造成很大的伤害。(do harm to) It will do great harm to their health in the long run. 5．让我们欣慰的是，大家正尽力帮助他们改掉这个坏习惯。(to one’s relief) To our relief，people are sparing no effort to help them get rid of the bad habit. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Somalia，Kenya，and now Ethiopia are warning of a serious drought that affects millions of people in Eastern Africa.In Ethiopia’s Somali area，people have seen the failures of what should have been three straight rainy seasons.Droughts do come and go over the years.However，the lack of rainfall has led to the driest conditions in 40 years in parts of Somalia and Ethiopia. UNICEF is the United Nations’ children’s agency.Local Zaynab Wali told a visiting team with UNICEF that she and her seven children had never seen a drought like this.She said the government gave out food for animals during the last drought five years ago.“This time，we even don’t have enough food for our family.” Children walk among the bodies of dead animals，which died from lack of food and energy.Somalia Consortium works to improve international aid for Somalia.It said in a separate statement that in Somalia，more than 7 million people need emergency help.It is asking international organizations to give much more to the country. “We are just one month into the long dry season，and I have already lost 25 goats and sheep，” Hafsa Bedel in Ethiopia’s Somali area told UNICEF.She also lost four camels，a large desert animal，as well.She said there was nowhere for her animals to eat.She added that there was not enough food for her own family，including her six children. UNICEF thinks that more than 150,000 children in such areas of Ethiopia have dropped out of school.They are needed to help find the limited amount of water and help their families with other work. One young boy was seen supporting an animal，a donkey.The donkey was once important for carrying goods.But now，it had become too weak to walk on its own. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了东非地区出现严重干旱，并对干旱原因和给东非人民和动物所带来的巨大影响作了具体阐述。 1．Why did Zaynab Wali mention the last drought? A．To show the need to protect animals. B．To express her disappointment this time. C．To prove the high frequency of drought. D．To praise the government for its timely help. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知，Zaynab Wali提到上次的干旱中，政府甚至为动物分发食物，而这次干旱中她和家人的食物都短缺，言外之意是政府这次的安排与上次相比是很不妥的，故推知她是想表达她对于这次干旱政府的安排的失望。故选B。 2．What is Somalia Consortium trying to do now? A．Get more foreign help. B．Warn people of the risk of drought. C．Offer more education to the children there. D．Make clear the number of people in need. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后三句可知，索马里联合会在努力获得更多的国外援助。故选A。 3．What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us? A．The seriousness of the drought. B．The functions of animals in farming. C．The sweet picture of the boy and the animal. D．The importance of taking care of the weak animal. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，驴现在虚弱得都不能自己走路了，更别谈运货了，结合上文可知，这是因干旱而导致动物没有食物吃所造成的，故本段主要想告诉我们干旱的严重性。故选A。 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Drought in Eastern Africa Leaves Animals in Danger B．UN Officials Care for Children Affected by Drought C．Millions Face Risk as Drought Affects Eastern Africa D．Drought Makes People of Eastern Africa Leave Their Home 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。由文章第一句可知，索马里、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚都警告说，东非出现严重干旱，影响数百万人，后面段落对这次干旱的情况作了具体介绍，故本文就是围绕“干旱影响东非，使数百万人面临风险”这一话题进行阐述的。故选C。 Ⅴ.完形填空 A True Champion When our second child was born，Jim and I thought she was perfect，but the doctor pointed out that her feet were turned inward.“If they are not 1 it would be a problem，” he told us. When she was only two weeks old，I had to 2 her to the doctor every two weeks to have each foot cast. 3 the casting was finished and it was time for corrective shoes and bars.Jim and I watched with hope and concern as she 4 to walk.Those first，clumsy(笨拙的) steps made us so 5 .By the time she entered preschool，her 6 appeared quite normal.Encouraged by her progress，we looked for something else to help 7 her lower body. After many attempts，it turned out that she 8 the ice! When she turned six，we enrolled her in skating lessons and soon she was 9 like a swan.She wasn’t the fastest nor the most 10 skater.She had to work hard at every new movement，but she loved the ice and her efforts 11 .In France，at the 1992 Winter Olympics，our daughter，Kristi Yamaguchi， 12 the gold medal. I thought back to the early years of 13 that Kristi faced.During those years，we didn’t 14 gold medals and a professional career ahead of her.In our eyes，Kristi had always walked with the grace of a true 15 . 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小时候脚有问题的Kristi Yamaguchi通过不懈努力，学会走路和滑冰，并在冬奥会上获得金牌的故事。 1．A.broken B．corrected C．controlled D．cut 答案　B 解析　break打破；correct纠正；control控制；cut切。根据上文“but the doctor pointed out that her feet were turned inward”以及常识可知，孩子的脚不被纠正的话，将会是一个问题。故选B。 2．A.carry B．move C．bring D．take 答案　D 解析　carry携带；move移动；bring带来；take带领。根据下文“her to the doctor every two weeks to have each foot cast”可知，此处表示作者带女儿去看医生，take sb to some place表示“带某人去某地”，符合题意。故选D。 3．A.Eventually B．Unfortunately C．Importantly D．Previously 答案　A 解析　eventually最终；unfortunately不幸的是；importantly重要的是；previously先前地。根据上文“I had to her to the doctor every two weeks to have each foot cast”以及下文“the casting was finished and it was time for corrective shoes and bars”可知，最终，打石膏完成了。故选A。 4．A.chose B．skipped C．struggled D．preferred 答案　C 解析　choose选择；skip跳过；struggle努力，挣扎；prefer更喜欢。根据下文“Those first，clumsy(笨拙的) steps made us so .”以及语境可知，此处表示女儿在努力地走路。故选C。 5．A.regretful B．proud C．fearful D．anxious 答案　B 解析　regretful后悔的；proud骄傲的；fearful恐惧的；anxious焦虑的。根据上文“Jim and I watched with hope and concern as she to walk.”可知，作者和丈夫期待女儿可以走路，所以女儿最初的步伐使得作者和丈夫感到骄傲。故选B。 6．A.minds B．positions C．steps D．performances 答案　C 解析　mind头脑；position位置；step步伐；performance表现。根据上文“Those first，clumsy(笨拙的) steps made us so .”以及语境可知，当进入幼儿园时，女儿的步伐似乎很正常了。steps为原词复现。故选C。 7．A.stretch B．treat C．revise D．strengthen 答案　D 解析　stretch伸展；treat处理；revise修订；strengthen加强。根据上文“Encouraged by her progress，we looked for something else to help”可知，女儿取得了进步之后，作者和丈夫受到鼓舞，继续帮助女儿加强下半身的力量。故选D。 8．A.loved B．mastered C．escaped D．tried 答案　A 解析　love喜欢；master掌握；escape逃脱；try尝试。根据下文“but she loved the ice and her efforts ”可知，女儿喜欢冰。故选A。 9．A.dancing B．sliding C．walking D．running 答案　B 解析　dance跳舞；slide滑动；walk走路；run跑。根据上文“we enrolled her in skating lessons and soon she was”可知，女儿在上滑冰课，所以此处表示像天鹅一样滑动。故选B。 10．A.flexible B．awkward C．special D．active 答案　A 解析　flexible灵活的；awkward笨拙的；special特殊的；active活跃的。根据上文“She wasn’t the fastest”及下文“She had to work hard at every new movement”可知，此处表示女儿不是最灵活的滑冰运动员。故选A。 11．A.paid for B．paid off C．paid back D．paid out 答案　B 解析　pay for支付；pay off得到回报；pay back偿还；pay out支出。根据下文“In France，at the 1992 Winter Olympics，our daughter，Kristi Yamaguchi， the gold medal.”可知，女儿的努力得到了回报。故选B。 12．A.earned B．gathered C．won D．acquired 答案　C 解析　earn赢得(名声、尊敬等)；gather收集；win赢得(比赛等)；acquire获得。根据下文“the gold medal”可知，此处表示女儿赢得了金牌，应用动词win表示通过比赛获得胜利。故选C。 13．A.achievement B．adventure C．devotion D．challenge 答案　D 解析　achievement成就；adventure冒险；devotion忠诚，奉献；challenge挑战。根据上文作者对女儿看病和练习滑冰的描述可知，此处表示作者回想起女儿小时候面临的挑战。故选D。 14．A.expect B．ignore C．recover D．seek 答案　A 解析　expect预料，期待；ignore忽略；recover恢复；seek寻找。根据下文“gold medals and a professional career ahead of her”以及语境可知，作者和丈夫没有期待过女儿可以获得金牌。故选A。 15．A.explorer B．youth C．champion D．volunteer 答案　C 解析　explorer探险家；youth青年；champion冠军；volunteer志愿者。根据上文可知，女儿一路战胜了很多挑战，作者和丈夫从未期待过女儿获奖，因为在作者和丈夫看来，女儿一直在以冠军的风度走路。故选C。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Do you want to learn a foreign language？Choose one of the most 1. (use) languages suggested below to learn. In most countries all over the world，English is 2. most widely used second language.Whether a person is traveling to a foreign country or communicating 3. people from other 4. (country) for business purposes，English is one language which will come in handy(有用的) at every step. Spanish is the language of business in about twenty countries.There are many jobs in the United States as well as in many other countries，which specially ask for people 5. know how to speak and write Spanish. The Chinese economy is booming！In the future China 6. (become) the world economic leader，which makes it the perfect time 7. (learn) Mandarin，a language 8._________ (speak) by millions of people. French is recognized as one of the top languages to learn,9. (simple) because it is a chief language in northern and western Africa.Anyone trying to understand European history can benefit a lot from 10. (learn) this language. 1．答案　useful 解析　考查词性转换。设空处修饰后面的名词languages，而且前面有the most，由此可知此处需用形容词形式，构成形容词最高级，意为“最有用的语言”。 2．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。句意：在全世界大多数国家中，英语是使用最广泛的第二语言。由此可知此处需要用the和most widely一起构成最高级。 3．答案　with 解析　考查介词。固定短语communicate with sb意为“和某人交流”。 4．答案　countries 解析　考查名词的单复数。country是可数名词，此处有other修饰，即其他的国家，应该用复数形式countries。 5．答案　who/that 解析　考查定语从句。people作先行词，而且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who或者that引导定语从句。 6．答案　will become 解析　考查动词时态。根据时间状语In the future可知用一般将来时态。 7．答案　to learn 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处it作形式宾语，to learn Mandarin是真正的宾语。 8．答案　spoken 解析　考查非谓语动词。language和speak之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 9．答案　simply 解析　考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰原因状语从句。句意：法语被认为是要学的首要语言之一，仅仅因为法语为北非和西非的主要语言。 10．答案　learning 解析　考查非谓语动词。作介词from的宾语，用动名词形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$