Unit 2 Period 5 Extended reading—Reading comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 5　Extended reading—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．destination　　 A．to find sth in the ground by digging 2．export B．to save sb/sth from a dangerous or harmful situation 3．unearth C．to find the exact position of sb/sth 4．port D．a place to which sb/sth is going or being sent 5．locate E．a town or city with a harbour，especially one where ships load and unload goods 6．rescue F．to sell and send goods to another country 答案　1.D　2.F　3.A　4.E　5.C　6.B　 Ⅱ.选词填空 1．It is said that two hundred houses were burned down in the fire which broke out a few years ago. 2．As it was getting dark，the hill appeared as a black mass in the distance. 3．When the police arrived，the crowd were scared and ran in all directions. 4．This special kind of art can take the form of paintings，sculptures，cloth or even stickers. 5．Seeing the photos，many stories in my childhood flooded in my mind. 6．The rescue teams looked far and wide for the missing climbers but saw no one. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the text? A．The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and destruction of Pompeii. B．The introduction of Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius. C．A terrible volcanic eruption happened in Pompeii. D．The novel The Last Days of Pompeii and its author. 答案　A Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Read the text quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　　 A．Signs before the volcanic eruption. Para.2 B．Description of Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius. Para.3 C．Reactions and feelings of people. Para.4 D．Rediscovery of the city. Para.5 E．Eruption of Mount Vesuvius. 答案　Para.1 B　Para.2 A　Para.3 E　Para.4 C　Para.5 D Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read the introduction part and do the following exercises. 1．What is the novel The Last Days of Pompeii about? 答案　The novel imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79，when Mount Vesuvius erupted. 2．When and how was the city of Pompeii destroyed? 答案　Pompeii was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the year 79. 3．What is Pompeii like today? 答案　It’s the ancient city as it was and today it is an international tourist destination. Ⅱ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What can reflect a model of the whole Roman Empire? Pompeii’s little shops，tiny palaces，forums，wine bars，theaters，and the energy and skill of its people. 2．What can you see near the port? Trading ships brought imports and exports busily.Fishing boats moved in all directions rapidly.The rich had fun in the golden pleasure boats relaxedly. 3．From questions 1 and 2 above，we can infer that Pompeii was a lively and prosperous city. 4．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．There used to be few shops in Pompeii. B．The people in Pompeii used to live poorly. C．Pompeii was a busy city before it was ruined. D．Some boats were destroyed in the accident. 答案　C 5．What might have warned people of the eruption then? A．The light ashy rocks. B．Glassy water. C．Trading ships. D．Crowded pleasure boats. 答案　A Ⅲ.Read Paras.2－4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Which of the following is the right order of the volcanic eruption? a．The fire moved and changed in colour with every moment. b．The mountain-cloud rolled near，dark and rapid，like a river.It threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! c．A huge cloud shot from the peak of the volcano，looking like a huge tree of fire. d．Each hurried blindly and fearfully on. e．The earthquake came. A．a－c－b－e－d　 B．c－a－b－d－e C．a－b－d－e－c　 D．b－a－e－c－d 答案　B 2．Read paragraph 2 and fill in the blanks. The awful night rolled (1)slowly away，and the dawn (2)greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! When the citizens looked upwards with (3)unspeakable fear，they saw a (4)huge cloud shooting from the peak of the volcano.It took the form of a (5)huge tree.Then，there was a fire.This fire moved and changed in colour with every moment：now it was bright，now of a pale and (6)dying red，and now again it burnt with an (7)unbearable light. 3．What’s the function of the words filled in above? 答案　They vividly show that the eruption is approaching. 4．Find verbs to describe how the citizens reacted when the Mount Vesuvius erupted in Para.4. 答案　Turned to fly；running；pressing；pushing；hurried blindly and fearfully. 5．What feelings can these verbs found above create? 答案　They can create feelings of confusion，panic and fear. Ⅳ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Which word can replace the phrase “rolled away” in line 31? A．Passed. B．Slid. C．Dropped. D．Fled. 答案　A 2．Which one is NOT referred to about its remains unearthed? A．Fresh walls. B．Rich patterns of its floors. C．Silent restroom. D．Half-finished columns. 答案　C 3．What was the city like after it was unearthed? Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.In its forum，the half-finished columns seemed as if just left by the workman’s hand. 4．What happened to Pompeii seventeen centuries later? A．It was buried deep and forgotten by people forever. B．The colour faded on the rich pattern of its floors. C．It was rediscovered and could still remind people of its glorious past. D．It was restored to its former glory. 答案　C 5．What do the remains of the city remind us? 答案　The remains of the beautiful city survive to remind us that human lives burn bright and short. Ⅴ.Read the whole passage and do the following exercises. 1．What is the author’s tone when writing this text? A．Indifferent. B．Upset. C．Positive. D．Excited. 答案　B 2．What type of writing is the text? A．Narrative writing. B．Argumentative writing. C．Expository writing. D．Practical writing. 答案　A 3．What rhetorical devices(修辞手法) does the author use? ①It took the form of a huge tree：the trunk，blackness，the branches，fire! The mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them，dark and rapid，like a river. ②Now it was wildly bright，now of a pale and dying red，and now again it burnt with an unbearable light. If，in the darkness，wife was separated from husband，or parents from child，there was... So came the earthquake...and so ended life in Pompeii. ③The cries of women broke out；the man looked at each other，but were silent. Each turned to fly—each running，pressing，pushing against the other. ④The awful night rolled slowly away，and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! It threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! 答案　① Simile(明喻)　②Parallelism(排比)　③Synaesthesia(通感)　④Hyperbole(夸张) Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．People in Pompeii were not aware of the signs before the volcano erupted，and the city was destroyed.Do you think that we will be better able to protect ourselves from natural disasters in the future? Why？(Creative thinking) 2．Compare the first and last paragraphs.What effect do they create? What does the author want to remind us？(Critical thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Pompeii was a typical Roman city 1.where people could see a model of the whole Roman Empire.The ashy rocks of Mount Vesuvius in Pompeii warned people 2.of the possible eruption. On the last day of Pomepii，a huge cloud in 3.the form of a tree shot from the peak of the volcano.The earth 4.shook(shake) violently.Ashes and 5.burning(burn) stones were thrown out like a shower.People ran away in all directions 6.fearfully(fearful)．Then 7.came(come) the earthquake. Seventeen centuries later，the 8.remains(remain) of the city were dug out.Its walls were fresh as if 9.painted(paint) yesterday and the columns seemed as if just 10.left(leave) by the workman’s hand. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。now dark，now light作rocks的定语，表示先后两个状态；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a story；what was to come作warned的宾语，其中be to do结构表将来；might have done表示“过去本可以做而实际并没有做”，含有轻微的责备或惋惜之意。 [自主翻译]　火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着几度喷发的往事，这原本可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的是什么！ 2．The crowd looked upwards，and saw，with unspeakable fear，a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano. [句式分析]　本句为简单句。and连接两个并列谓语looked和saw；saw...a huge cloud shooting...是“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；介词短语with unspeakable fear在此处作状语。 [自主翻译]　人们抬头仰望，眼前景象让他们感到莫名恐惧，只见一团庞大的云正从火山口喷薄而出。 3．So came the earthquake...and so ended life in Pompeii. [句式分析]　本句是and连接的并列句。两个分句均为全部倒装结构。 [自主翻译]　这时，地震来了……庞贝城的生活就此终结。 4．Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii，the remains of their beautiful city survive to remind us that human lives burn bright and short. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。after引导的是时间状语从句；主句是主谓结构，其中to remind us...是不定式作结果状语，后面that human lives...中的that引导的是宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　在大火和火山灰袭击庞贝人很久很久之后，他们美丽城市的遗迹得以留存下来，提醒我们人类的生命灿烂而短暂。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A “Do you go to a window when you hear a clap of thunder，or pounding rain，or see a streak of lightning(闪电) in the sky? Me too.Except I take my curiosity a little bit further.I go out and chase the biggest storms I can find.” The quote above was from Tim Samaras.Tim’s curiosity started when he was about six years old when he saw the fantastic tornado in the movie The Wizard of Oz.And this curiosity took him in search of some of the worst storms and tornadoes in recent history. He spent over half of his life running into the path of tornadoes to place research tools in the right places to gather information.He battled dangerous and powerful winds，pounding rain，chunks of hail，and the eerie noise of a racing tornado many times.He even saw the destruction of an entire community.Tim was a storm researcher and an explorer. Tim didn’t put himself in harm’s way for the thrill of it he did it for the science.His goal was to answer questions about tornadoes to help people better prepare for these violent storms. When Tim went after storms，sometimes the tables were turned and the storms chased him! That’s exactly what happened to Tim and his team while tracking a tornado.Upon seeing the tornado change course and head directly for them，the team jumped into action and quickly set up a tornado measuring device and then quickly drove away. Besides chasing storms，Tim also wanted to inspire young people to study science and take up scientific research.“If you are as interested in weather as I do，learn as much as you can about weather.There are many colleges and universities that have active tornado research programs that allow students to participate at all levels.Most of all，keep your focus on what you want to do! Sometimes schoolwork can become very difficult.Keep at it，and you will do great！” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了蒂姆致力于风暴的研究，以帮助人们更好地应对猛烈的风暴并且建议学生们坚持目标方能克服学习困难。 1．What made Tim curious about storms and tornadoes? A．A book. B．A film. C．Lightning. D．Love for science. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tim’s curiosity started when he was about six years old when he saw the fantastic tornado in the movie The Wizard of Oz.”可知，让蒂姆对风暴和龙卷风感到好奇的是一部电影。故选B。 2．Why did Tim go after the tornadoes? A．He wanted to see the destruction they made. B．He tried to answer the students’ questions. C．He was curious about how tornadoes looked. D．He hoped to help others stay safe in the future. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His goal was to answer questions about tornadoes to help people better prepare for these violent storms.”可知，蒂姆追逐龙卷风是因为他希望将来能帮助别人保持安全。故选D。 3．What did Tim and his team do first when facing a dangerous storm? A．Drove away quickly. B．Took a safe shelter. C．Turned their table. D．Set up measuring equipment. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Upon seeing the tornado change course and head directly for them，the team jumped into action and quickly set up a tornado measuring device and then quickly drove away.”可知，蒂姆和他的团队在面对危险风暴时首先做的事情是设置测量设备。故选D。 4．According to Tim，how could students overcome learning difficulties? A．By sticking to their learning goal. B．By taking up scientific research. C．By participating in school programs. D．By remembering as much as possible. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most of all，keep your focus on what you want to do! Sometimes schoolwork can become very difficult.Keep at it，and you will do great！”可知，根据蒂姆的说法，学生克服学习困难的方法是坚持学习目标。故选A。 B Massive flooding in America’s Yellowstone National Park caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes.The recent floodwaters changed the path of a river popular for fishing.It also devastated homes，bridges and roadways. Yellowstone became America’s first national park in 1872.It is known for its natural beauty that includes mountains，rivers and lakes.The forces of fire and ice have shaped the park for thousands of years.It is a place where visitors can get close to different kinds of wildlife. Flooding caused by heavy rain and melting mountain snow did cause a lot of damage.It drove more than 10,000 visitors out of the park.The rain also damaged hundreds of homes in nearby communities.Luckily，no one was reported hurt.However，the park could remain closed for up to one week.Some entrances might not open all summer.The water also washed away camp structures，flooded small towns and cut power to parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming.The event happened as the park was beginning its busy summer season and received millions of summer visitors. The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4.9 meters as it flowed past Billings，Montana’s largest city.The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant(工厂) because it couldn’t operate effectively with water levels that high.Billings officials said the city only had a 24-hour supply of water.They were asking people to protect water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operations.“None of us planned a 500-year flood event on the Yellowstone when we designed the equipment，” said Debi Meling，the city’s director of public works. Yellowstone officials said，“The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer.This will greatly affect local economies that depend on summer tourists.But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园的大洪水造成的破坏和影响。 5．What does the underlined word “devastated” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Developed. B．Designed. C．Destroyed. D．Demanded. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容可知，本段讲述了大洪水造成的破坏与变化，画线单词前的also表明该句讲述的内容与上文一样，也是讲述洪水造成的破坏，由此可猜测，该单词意为“破坏”。故选C。 6．What can we learn about flooding from paragraph 3? A．Its bad effects. B．Its lasting time. C．The repairs after it. D．The wildlife hurt in it. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，该段讲述的是洪水造成许多损害，例如破坏房屋、公园关闭等，由此可知，此段讲述的是洪水的负面影响。故选A。 7．What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after flooding? A．It stopped working. B．It was forced to operate. C．It only cut down the city’s water supply for 24 hours. D．It was asked to design new equipment to protect water. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant(工厂) because it couldn’t operate effectively with water levels that high.”可知，随着水位不断上升，该处理厂被迫关闭，即停止运作。故选A。 8．What’s the attitude of Yellowstone officials to the rebuilding work after flooding? A．Uncertain. B．Unconcerned. C．Curious. D．Confident. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据尾段内容尤其最后一句可知，黄石公园的官员对重建非常有信心。故选D。 C A newly restored(修复的) house in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii，House of the Vettii，opened to the public on Tuesday. The house likely belonged to two former slaves who became rich through the wine trade.The house offers visitors a look at everyday life in Pompeii.The city was buried by volcanic ash from Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE.The restoration of the house is yet another sign of the rebirth of Pompeii. “House of the Vettii is like the history of Pompeii and actually of Roman society within one house，” said Pompeii’s director，Gabriel Zuchtriegel.He said it shows the last period of Pompeian-made wall paintings. The restoration of the wall paintings contained a new，better method using wax(蜡)．Zuchtriegel thinks the wall paintings show the dreams，imagination and worries of the owners because they lived between these images. And who were these owners? The Vettii were two men—Aulus Vettius Conviva and Aulus Vettius Restitutus.Pompeii experts say they were once slaves who were later freed.It is believed that they became wealthy through the wine trade.Some think the two were brothers. Perhaps the Vettius men saw their own life story in the image of Hercules who overcame great difficulties.This possibility interests Zuchtriegel. Architect Arianna Spinosa is director of the restoration.She said it represents the perfect Pompeii home，because of both the wall paintings and the architecture. The house was discovered in the late 19th century.It was closed in 2002 for urgent restoration work.After a partial reopening in 2016，it was closed again in 2020 for the final part of the work，which included the restoration of the wall paintings，floor and structural elements. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了罗马古城庞贝的一座新修复的房屋向公众开放。这座房子已经经历了20年的修复和改进。 9．Which of the following might be the owners of the house? A．Officers. B．Painters. C．Businessmen. D．Slave owners. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The house likely belonged to two former slaves who became rich through the wine trade.”可知，房子的主人可能是后来通过葡萄酒贸易致富的两个前奴隶，即他们是商人。故选C。 10．What can be known from the paintings according to Zuchtriegel? A．The method of making wine. B．Slaves’ working scenes. C．The building process of a house. D．Feelings of the house owners. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Zuchtriegel thinks the wall paintings show the dreams，imagination and worries of the owners because they lived between these images.”可知，从这些画中我们可以知道房主的情感。故选D。 11．What happened to the house during the last 20 years? A．It was greatly damaged. B．It was repaired and improved. C．It was crowded with visitors. D．It was hidden away from people. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推断，最近20年来，房子主要是在被修复和改进。故选B。 12．What can be the best title for the text? A．House in Pompeii Shows Ancient Roman Life B．Volcanic Eruption Caused Disaster in Pompeii C．Pompeii Came to Life Due to Ancient Houses D．Two Slaves Created Wonder of Paintings 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段中第二句及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了罗马古城庞贝的一座新修复的房屋向公众开放，这座房子可以让游客一窥在庞贝的日常生活。所以A项作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world.There are many kinds of disasters，with wide distribution，high frequency and heavy losses.In the background of global climate change，major natural disasters occur from time to time. 1 It makes China face even much severe and complex situation.In order to raise the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses，warnings and instructions are given to the public. 2 Let’s have a look. Fire When a fire breaks out，smoke threatens mostly. 3 Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire.It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation，so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony.Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries. Mud-rock flow Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow，and it’s really dangerous to stay downstream.When you try to escape from it，instead of going along the bottom of the ditch，it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally quickly.Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field.It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain. Flood 4 We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety rope.We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it. Lightning strike On cloudy and rainy days，a lightning strike may happen. 5 Of course，you also should stay away from iron tower poles.We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home.Close the doors，windows and cut off the power. A．Cut off the power and shut off water sources. B．Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather. C．Try to find a higher place，but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice. D．First you need to take shelter，and then find a gap under the table or bed. E．Losses caused by natural disasters in China are continuously increasing. F．They also play a part in popularizing the knowledge and self-rescue skills. G．In that case，please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel. 1．答案　E 解析　由空前一句和空后一句可知，E项“在中国自然灾害造成的损失在不断增加”承接上文“重大自然灾害时常发生”，并引出下文“这使得中国面临更严峻和复杂的形势”。故选E项。 2．答案　F 解析　空前一句说明要给出警告和指示以提高防治灾害和减少损害的意识，F项“它们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用”与前文为并列关系，说明了警告和指示的作用。选项中的They指代上文“warnings and instructions”。故选F项。 3．答案　G 解析　空前说明火灾发生时，烟雾危害最大，G项“那样的话，请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。 4．答案　C 解析　结合小标题“Flood”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的自救办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但是待在屋顶上不是一个好的选择”符合洪水来临时的做法。故选C项。 5．答案　B 解析　由空前一句和小标题可知，本段主要讲述下雨天避免雷击的方法。B项“在这种天气，请不要站在树下”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$