Unit 3 Period 4 Using language(1)：Grammar—Present perfect passive （课件）-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 4 Using language(1)：Grammar—Present perfect passive Unit 3 The world of science 语境感悟 语法精讲 达标检测 语境 感悟 3 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成下面的练习 Within the next 80 years，our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing.Many things in our lives ①have already been affected，right down to the food we eat.For instance,3D-printed hamburgers ②have been served to customers in some restaurants in London.But perhaps the most significant success that ③has been achieved to date is in medicine.Human body parts，including a beating heart，④have been made with 3D printing technology.And it is not just humans that are benefiting—in Brazil，a new 3D-printed shell ⑤has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire. 以上加颜色部分是 的被动语态，其构成是______________ _______；加颜色部分的动词与句子的主语之间是 关系，表示“__________________”。 自主发现 返 回 现在完成时 have/has been done ……已经被…… 被动 语法 精讲 6 现在完成时的被动语态强调动作或状态在说话之前已经结束或持续到现在并对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。 一、构成 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？ 1.In spite of his disability，he has been awarded three golden medals in the last five years. 尽管他有残疾，在过去的五年中他获得了三枚金牌。 2.The computers donated by the workers have not been transported to that school yet. 工人们捐赠的电脑还未被送到那所学校。 3.Haven’t you been informed of the date of the interview? 你还没有被告知面试日期吗？ 4.How long has the institution been set up? 这个机构成立多久了？ 二、用法 1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，for a long time，in recent years，in/during/over the last/past...years等连用。 A lot of factories have been funded by the government in the last twenty years. 许多工厂在过去的二十年里受到了政府的资助。 Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides. 尽管之前有多轮谈判，但到目前为止，双方还未达成协议。 2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被维修) 3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished. 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。 三、使用现在完成时的被动语态时应该注意的问题 1.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别   动作发生的时间 对现在的影响 一般过去时的被动语态 过去 无影响 现在完成时的被动语态 过去 有影响 2.动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 The orphans have been taken good care of here. 孤儿们在这里受到很好的照顾。 3.并不是所有动词(词组)都有被动语态。happen，take place，break out，belong to，last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自从1978年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 4.带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，teach，show，tell，buy，lend，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. →He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company). →A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company). 返 回 达标检测 语法填空 The world 1. (turn) upside down since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers.The twin inventions of the personal computer and the Internet 2. (consider) to be among the most important events of the last century.Shopping 3._____________ __________(change) completely by now.More and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes.In addition，social communication 4. (take over) by the Internet.Games，music，movies and so on 5. (influence) by the Internet during the last decades. 返 回 has been turned have been considered has been changed has been taken over have been influenced $$