Unit 2 Period 4 Using language(1)：Grammar—Verb -ed as attributive-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 4　Using language(1)：Grammar—Verb -ed as attributive 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并完成下面的练习 The United Nations Children’s Fund，also ①known as UNICEF，is a United Nations organization ②based in New York.It offers help ③needed by children all over the world. UNICEF was founded on 11 December 1946，to provide food and healthcare to children in countries ④damaged in World War Ⅱ.Since 1953，UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the ⑤developing world，including those ⑥living with diseases or disabilities，and those ⑦affected by rapid modernization and environmental problems.Now，UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories. 自主发现 以上黑体部分是分词(短语)在句中作定语。其中①②③④和⑦是过去分词在句中作定语；⑤和⑥是现在分词在句中作定语。过去分词作定语，强调分词的动作与被修饰词之间是被动关系，在时态上强调动作已经完成；现在分词作定语则表示主动或动作正在进行。分词短语作定语放在被修饰词之后，单个的分词作定语可直接放于被修饰词的前面。 一、过去分词作定语时的位置 一般情况下，单个的过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人们现在正在医院受到良好的照顾。 To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012. ＝To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study which was conducted in Australia in 2012. 回到水污染的问题上，我想让你看一下2012年在澳大利亚做过的一项研究。 [温馨提示] (1)有些过去分词可以表示特定含义，单独作定语时要放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。 There were a couple of seats left at the back. 后面还剩几个座位。 (2)如果被修饰的词是指示代词those或something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代词，单个的过去分词作定语要放在这些词的后面。 He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。 (3)有些过去分词作定语时，前置和后置的意义不同。 The authorities concerned are to blame. 有关当局应受到指责。 She looked at me with a concerned look. 她关切地望着我。 二、过去分词作定语时的意义 1．及物动词的过去分词作定语时，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时只表示被动。 He is a teacher respected by all the students. 他是一位受所有学生尊敬的老师。(只表示被动) The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon. 会上提出的这项计划将很快被执行。(表示完成和被动) 2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。 The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早晨，升起的太阳明亮地照耀着。 When I woke up the next morning，I found the ground was covered with fallen leaves. 当我第二天早上醒来时，发现地面被落叶覆盖了。 三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 语法 形式 意义 动词-ing形式作定语 doing 表示主动动作正在进行；表示经常性的动作或现在(当时)的状态 being done 表示被动动作正在进行 过去分词作定语 done 表示被动、完成或者被动动作已经完成 不定式作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生 to be done 表示被动动作将要发生 The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作正在进行) The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作已完成) The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作将要发生) [温馨提示]　表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，frightened(害怕的)，puzzled(困惑的)，shocked(震惊的)，moved(感动的)等。 用所给词的正确形式填空 Ryan is an average boy.He likes books 1.written(write) by J．K Rowling and likes songs 2.sung(sing) by Michael Jackson.But he is also a warm-hearted boy.When he was a boy 3.aged(age) 6，he had trouble believing the words 4.spoken(speak) by his teacher that many people in 5.developing(develop) African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.6.Realizing(realize) life was difficult for them，he decided to help them.At first，he only wanted to build a well but his action made a great difference.Many 7.inspired(inspire) people began to give him their support.Over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean and safe water.What a kind and 8.determined(determine) boy！ Ⅰ.使用过去分词改写下列句子 1．Thousands of people die from the air which has been polluted every year. →Thousands of people die from the polluted air every year. 2．The girl is my daughter.She is dressed in pink. →The girl dressed in pink is my daughter. 3．The suggestion which had been made by the experts was adopted by the manager. →The suggestion made by the experts was adopted by the manager. 4．The soldier who was badly wounded was rushed to the hospital immediately. →The badly wounded soldier was rushed to the hospital immediately. 5．We must adjust ourselves to the conditions which have been changed. →We must adjust ourselves to the changed conditions. Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed(design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 2．The Olympic Games，first played(play) in 776 BC，didn’t include women until 1912. 3．The question being discussed(discuss) now has nothing to do with our present work. 4．Tsinghua University，founded(found)in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 5．At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was fortunately rescued by some local villagers living(live) in Baoxing County in Sichuan Province. 6．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned(return) to our shop for quality problems. 7．The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern architects and engineers. 8．In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the book. 9．The chairman announced the exciting news in an excited voice.(excite) 10．The meeting to be held(hold) next Monday aims to deal with the problem related(relate) to students’ mental health. Ⅲ.结合非谓语动词作定语的用法完成下列句子 1．Finding Nemo，directed by Andrew Stanton，is set in the Great Barrier Reef on the northeast coast of Australia. 由安德鲁·斯坦顿导演的《海底总动员》以澳大利亚东北海岸的大堡礁为背景。 2．Soldiers came to rescue those buried in the ruins. 士兵们来救援被埋在废墟中的人们。 3．The meeting being held now is of great significance to the local economy development. 正在召开的会议对当地经济发展具有重要意义。 4．The ancient building dating back to the Song Dynasty is well preserved by the government. 这座可追溯到宋代的古建筑被政府保存得很好。 5．Firstly，I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which may help you understand the poems to be learned. 首先，我建议你提前学习唐朝的历史，这可能有助于你理解将要学习的诗歌。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 In 2009 in a small town，Todd Bol came up with an idea to share his mother’s love of reading with others.Bol’s mother had been a teacher who had loved reading.He decided to build a wooden box and fill it with books.Bol placed the box of books on a post in his front yard with a sign that read “Free Books”．Soon his neighbours noticed this tiny model of a “schoolhouse”．They began taking the books and replacing them with books of their own.The tiny library allowed people the opportunity to “check out” books day or night. Bol’s friends and neighbours wanted little libraries of their own.Bol built several and gave them away.One of his friends，Rick，believed that Bol’s little libraries could benefit more than just local friends and neighbours.With these ideas in mind，Bol and Rick came up with a plan to build over 2,500 Little Free Libraries around the world.They believed that books should be available to all people，no matter where they live or what their background is.To help achieve their goal，Bol and Rick created a website that provides information about the Little Free Libraries and how people can establish little libraries of their own. Thanks to Bol and Rick，the Little Free Libraries are encouraging people to read more.They didn’t just provide books.They also helped build friendships and a sense of belonging among community members.As more and more people visited Bol’s little library，they began talking with one another.They shared thoughts，ideas，and stories.They got to know one another.Everyone loved the little library.After all，as Bol says，“It’s a magic box with books.People tell us all the time that they’ve met more people in a week than they have in a lifetime.” Today there are more than 100,000 Little Free Libraries around the world，and they can be found on almost every continent. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。Todd Bol在母亲的启发下，和朋友Rick建立了小型图书馆。这些小型图书馆不仅提供了知识，还加强了社区居民之间的联系。 1．From whom did Todd Bol get the idea of Little Free Libraries? A．His mother. B．His teacher. C．His neighbours. D．His friends. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段前三句可知，Todd Bol是受到母亲的启发，有了建造小型免费图书馆的想法。故选A。 2．Why did Bol and Rick create a website? A．To make more money. B．To establish online libraries. C．To replace paper books with e-books. D．To provide information and guidance. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Bol和Rick创建网站是为了提供信息和指导。故选D。 3．What have the Little Free Libraries brought to the community? A．New buildings. B．More visitors. C．Friendly relationships. D．Green environment. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They didn’t just provide books.They also helped build friendships and a sense of belonging among community members.”可知，小型免费图书馆给社区带来了友好的关系。故选C。 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Well begun，half done. B．Don’t judge a book by its cover. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Little people can make a big difference. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。文章讲述了Todd Bol在母亲的启发下，和朋友Rick建立了小型图书馆。这些小型图书馆不仅提供了知识，还加强了社区居民之间的联系。由此可推知，他们的故事告诉我们：小人物也能产生大影响。故选D。 Ⅴ.完形填空 I was walking home from school on a windy winter day.It was 1 and I forgot my hat and scarf(围巾)．My cheeks were rosy red and my hands were numb(麻木的)． All of a sudden，an old lady 2 beside me and asked if I would like a ride home.Her 3 smile melted(融化) away the thought that I should never talk to strangers，so I said OK.We had an amazing 4 on the road.When she dropped me off she also told me her address. I didn’t see her for about a month.One night as I 5 her kindness，I decided to return the favor.I made a lot of 6 and walked down to her house with my friend.At first I was a bit 7 she wouldn’t remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies.I was 8 wrong.She was very happy and seemed so 9 that someone would do something like that! When I got home my mom told me that the old lady 10 and told my mom on the phone that she 11 because she was so touched.She said she would never 12 the kindness that was given to her! That filled me with such 13 ！There really is nothing else joyful like 14 others and making someone’s day 15 ！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看望在一个寒冷的冬日里让自己搭车回家的老妇人，并认识到没有什么事情比帮助他人更能让人感到快乐了。 1．A.cool B．cloudy C．mild D．cold 答案　D 解析　根据空前的“on a windy winter day”可知，天气非常寒冷。cool凉爽的；cloudy多云的；mild温和的；cold寒冷的。故选D。 2．A.drove up B．took up C．picked up D．turned up 答案　A 解析　根据空后的“asked if I would like a ride home”可知，一位老妇人开车驶到“我”身旁，问“我”是否需要搭车回家。drive up开车；take up拿起；pick up挑选；turn up出现。故选A。 3．A.simple B．strange C．warm D．easy 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“melted(融化) away the thought that I should never talk to strangers”可知，这位老妇人温暖的笑容打消了“我”不想和陌生人说话的想法。simple简单的；strange奇怪的；warm温暖的；easy容易的。故选C。 4．A.silence B．argument C．quarrel D．chat 答案　D 解析　根据语境和下文的“she also told me her address”可知，在路上“我们”进行了很好的交谈。silence沉默；argument争论；quarrel争吵；chat聊天。故选D。 5．A.repeated B．regretted C．remembered D．forgot 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“I decided to return the favor”可知，当“我”想起这位老妇人的善行，决定报答她。repeat重复；regret后悔；remember想起；forget忘记。故选C。 6．A.cookies B．sweets C．bread D．salad 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies”可知，“我”为她做了很多甜饼干。cookie甜饼干；sweet糖果；bread面包；salad沙拉。故选A。 7．A.confused B．worried C．nervous D．disappointed 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“she wouldn’t remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies”可知，“我”担心她不记得“我”或把“我”当成坏人。confused困惑的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的；disappointed失望的。故选B。 8．A.hardly B．usually C．generally D．completely 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“She was very happy”可知，事实证明“我”的想法完全错误，她看到“我”很高兴。hardly几乎不；usually通常；generally 一般地；completely完全地。故选D。 9．A.surprised B．fearful C．puzzled D．satisfied 答案　A 解析　根据空后的“that someone would do something like that”可知，她似乎很惊讶有人会为她做这些事。surprised吃惊的；fearful担忧的；puzzled困惑的；satisfied满意的。故选A。 10．A.escaped B．visited C．called D．came 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“told my mom on the phone”可知，这位老妇人给“我”妈妈打了电话。escape逃跑；visit拜访；call打电话；come来。故选C。 11．A.left B．cried C．laughed D．slept 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“because she was so touched”可知，她感动哭了。leave离开；cry哭；laugh笑；sleep睡觉。故选B。 12．A.forget B．imagine C．permit D．pardon 答案　A 解析　根据语境可知，她说永远也不会忘记“我”的好意。forget忘记；imagine想象；permit允许；pardon原谅。故选A。 13．A.puzzle B．happiness C．sadness D．interest 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“There really is nothing else joyful...”可知，听到老妇人这样说，“我”的心里充满了幸福。puzzle疑问；happiness幸福；sadness悲伤；interest兴趣。故选B。 14．A.replacing B．signaling C．helping D．harming 答案　C 解析　根据语境可知，此处是说没有什么比帮助他人更让人感到快乐了。replace代替；signal发信号；help帮助；harm伤害。故选C。 15．A.easier B．harder C．busier D．brighter 答案　D 解析　and前说帮助他人，此处是说使别人的日子变得更明亮。easier更容易的；harder更难的；busier更忙碌的；brighter更明亮的。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Thanks to the efforts made by former world martial art(武术) champion Chen Sitan and his wife Lin Xu，the ancient Chinese martial art tai chi has 1. (increasing) become a form of life for many New Yorkers. Chen started learning martial art 2. the age of six.By the time he retired from his athletic career，he 3. (win) 32 gold medals in Chinese and international competitions.Having coached athletes in sports team for years,4. Chens went to the US in 2003 with the hope 5. they could bring Chinese culture to more people around the world through tai chi. The couple started teaching children tai chi in school and later 6. (found) Sitan Tai Chi and Martial Arts.The school’s class schedule now includes various 7. (form) of tai chi，health qigong，and different levels of martial arts. Lin said people from different age groups come to 8. (she) classes for different purposes.“Young kids want to improve 9. (fit)and learn Chinese culture，adults take chances to relieve stress 10. (bring) by work，and retired people practice it to prevent health problems，” she said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了前世界武术冠军陈思坦与妻子林旭把中国的武术文化传播到美国的故事。 1．答案　increasingly 解析　考查副词。修饰动词become，用副词形式。故填increasingly。 2．答案　at 解析　考查介词。at the age of意为“在……岁时”。故填at。 3．答案　had won 解析　考查动词时态。by the time＋过去时间，主句用过去完成时。故填had won。 4．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。“the＋姓氏复数”表示一家人。故填the。 5．答案　that 解析　考查名词性从句的引导词。名词hope后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。 6．答案　founded 解析　考查动词时态。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填founded。 7．答案　forms 解析　考查名词的复数。形容词various后接可数名词的复数形式，form为可数名词。故填forms。 8．答案　her 解析　考查代词。名词classes前用形容词性物主代词。故填her。 9．答案　fitness 解析　考查名词。动词improve后接名词作宾语。故填fitness。 10．答案　brought 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，且名词stress与bring之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故填brought。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$