Unit 1 Period 8 Writing—Writing an essay-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 8　Writing—Writing an essay Activity 1　Read for some details. What message does the fable convey? A．Porcupines are not social animals. B．The more independent you are，the better your life will be. C．There should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships. D．Porcupines do not like coldness. 答案　C Activity 2　Read for the structures. Ⅰ.Read the fable and fill in the blanks to learn the structure of the fable. 1．Background information：The fable is adapted from a work by Schopenhauer. 2．Summary of the story：A group of porcupines gather together to keep warm.If they get too close，their quills hurt each other，while if they move apart，they feel cold.After trying several times，they find the ideal distance. 3．The viewpoint of the fable：The story teaches us that we need boundaries in interpersonal relationships. 4．Conclusion：We have to find proper distance between us and other people. Ⅱ.When we write an essay，we can use the following outline.(写作模板) Introduction：the author，the summary of a fable/story，the explanation of a famous saying... Main body：viewpoint & supporting examples in your real life Conclusion：... Activity 3　Read for some good sentences. 1．Please find out the expression showing the original author of the fable. 答案　Adapted from a work by Schopenhauer. 2．Please find out the sentence that describes the result of the fable. 答案　After repeating this process a few times，they eventually found the ideal distance where they could feel warm while managing not to hurt each other. 3．Please find out the sentence that shows the viewpoint of the fable. 答案　There should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships. 本单元的写作任务是写一篇寓言读后感，属于议论文(persuasive/argumentative essays)，是一种以表达观点感受为主的理性文体。议论文通常包括三部分：引言、主体和结论。引言部分包含文章的写作目的和文章的论点；主体部分详细地阐述和探讨论点；结论部分是对主体部分的总结归纳，要回扣文章的论点。 一、格式 1．引入话题：简要解释名言警句，介绍所读的文章、书籍或者观看的影视作品，包括名称、作者、主要内容等。 2．主体：介绍自己的思考或感悟，可结合社会实例。 3．结尾：总结全文得出的结论及意义等。 二、时态 文章多用一般现在时和一般过去时(事例)，也可以根据具体情况使用其他时态。 三、写正文时应注意的问题 1．围绕一个主题来展开； 2．若无法用已学语言知识来表达某种意思，可采用“同义转换法”； 3．结尾最好用一句话来总结自己的感想或体会。 常用表达 1．fable n．寓言 2．describe v．描述 3．viewpoint n．观点，看法 4．point of view观点 5．in conclusion总之 6．in short/brief简言之 7．in a word总之，简言之 增分靓句 1．The fable goes like this. 这则寓言故事的内容是这样的。 2．The fable teaches/tells us that... 这则寓言故事教给/告诉我们…… 3．I am deeply impressed by... 令我印象最深的是…… 4．I have the experience of... 我有……的经历。 5．One example from real life is... 现实生活中的一个例子是…… 6．After reading it，I’d like to point out that... 读完后我想指出的是…… 7．As the old saying goes，... 俗话说，…… 8．I have ever experienced such an event. 我曾经历过这样的事。 阅读教材P14中的寓言故事“The Porcupine Dilemma”，并根据以下要求写一篇文章： 1．你对这则寓言的理解； 2．举例说明； 3．总结并思考。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。 参考词汇：quill刺 第一步　审题谋篇 审题 写作要求是写出对寓言故事的理解以及思考，写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇议论文。 2．主体时态：表达观点应用一般现在时，介绍故事应以一般过去时为主。 3．主体人称：人称应该以第一、三人称为主。 谋篇 第一段：开门见山，简要介绍寓言故事。 第二段：写出论点，并举出正面或者反面的例证。 第三段：总结并评论主题的相关意义。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇 1．寓言 fable 2．靠近；接近 get close to 3．分离；离开 move apart 4．理想的距离 the ideal distance 5．界限 boundary 6．人际关系 interpersonal relationship 7．借鉴 draw lessons from 8．生某人的气 be annoyed with 9．关系破裂 break up 10．意识到错误 realize one’s fault 11．给……留空间 leave sb room 连词成句 1．《豪猪的困境》是德国哲学家叔本华写的。 The Porcupine Dilemma is written by German philosopher Schopenhauer. 2．寓言描述了一群豪猪聚在一起取暖。 The fable describes a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm. 3．如果它们靠得太近，它们的刺就会互相伤害。 If they get too close，their quills will hurt each other. 4．如果它们分开，它们会感到寒冷。 If they move apart，they will feel cold. 5．经过几次尝试，它们终于找到了理想的距离。 After trying several times，they finally find the ideal distance. 6．这个寓言告诉我们，人际关系应该有界限。 The fable teaches us that there should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships. 7．虽然这是一个古老的寓言，但时至今日，我们仍然可以从中吸取教训。 Though it is an old fable，we can still draw lessons from it even today. 8．曾经我认为朋友之间应该亲近，越亲近越好。 Once I thought friends should get close to each other，the closer，the better. 9．但这让我最好的朋友对我很恼火，我们的友谊几乎破裂了。 But that made my best friend annoyed with me and our friendship almost broke up. 10．幸运的是，我意识到了自己的错，开始给她留出更多的空间。 Fortunately，I realized my fault and began to leave her more room. 11．为了使我们的友谊长久，我们必须找到适当的距离。 In order to make our friendship last long，we have to find the proper distance. 12．这个距离应该足够近以便相互理解，足够远以便相互尊重。 The distance should be close enough to understand each other，and far enough to respect each other. 第三步　句式升级 1．用定语从句合并句1和句2。 The fable，the Porcupine Dilemma，is written by German philosopher Schopenhauer which describes a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm. 2．用连词连接句3和句4。 If they get too close，their quills will hurt each other，while if they move apart，they will feel cold. 3．用形容词作定语合并句11和句12。 In order to make our friendship last long，we have to find the proper distance，close enough to understand each other，and far enough to respect each other. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句子，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 参考范文 The fable，the Porcupine Dilemma，is written by German philosopher Schopenhauer which describes a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm.If they get too close，their quills will hurt each other，while if they move apart，they will feel cold.After trying several times，they finally find the ideal distance.The fable teaches us that there should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships. Though it is an old fable，we can still draw lessons from it even today.We all value friendship，but have you considered that we need boundaries with our friends? Once I thought friends should get close to each other，the closer，the better.But that made my best friend annoyed with me and our friendship almost broke up.Fortunately，I realized my fault and began to leave her more room. In conclusion，in order to make our friendship last long，we have to find the proper distance，close enough to understand each other，and far enough to respect each other. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$