Unit 1 Period 7 Developing ideas & Other parts—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 7　Developing ideas & Other parts—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Your duties will include working out new marketing strategies in three weeks. 2．His success in the boxing game justified the faith his coaches had put in him. 3．Such a moving story was it that all the people present were moved to tears. 4．Once I knew I was forgiven(原谅) I could be at peace with myself at last. 5．Please ensure that all problems have been resolved before we move on. 6．Some young men climbed on buses and fences(栅栏) to get a better view of the stage. 7．To be frank，I was astonished by the size and complexity(复杂性) of the problem. 8．The price of the course is too high，and moreover(而且)，it isn’t the core course of the major. 9．Of maths and English，I like the latter(后者)，from which I can gain a lot of confidence. 10．He was criticised(批评) by the boss without reason and is now letting off steam by drinking. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．It was rather annoying that she told lies to me.So annoyed was I that I stamped my foot in annoyance.(annoy) 2．To adjust it to the boy’s height，the worker made adjustments to the adjustable chair.(adjust) 3．Larry said that she got the news accidentally.But it is by no means accidental for her to do so.(accident) 4．To my embarrassment，my colleague found fault with me in public.I was so embarrassed at the embarrassing occasion.(embarrass) 5．Jessica wanted to gain independence from her parents after graduation，so she lived independently in a city far away from her hometown.(independent) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．I am in favour of the point that a good citizen should be able to pull his own weight. 我支持一位好的公民应该能够尽责这一观点。 2．His son was concerned with the accident，which let him down. 他的儿子与这起事故有关，这让他很失望。 3．Adjusting yourself to the new schedule，you will soon get satisfaction from your work. 使自己适应新的日程表，很快你就会从工作中得到满足感。 4．Not knowing how to resolve the problem，I have no choice but to turn to you for help. 不知道如何解决这个问题，我只得向你求助。(疑问词＋不定式) 5．Even if/though he was stuck in hardships，he still willingly helped those in trouble. 尽管他深陷困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。(even if/though) annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的(annoy v．使恼怒，使生气annoying adj.令人气恼的annoyance n．烦恼；使人烦恼的事情) •be/get annoyed with sb生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth对某事生气 be annoyed to do sth因做某事很生气 •to one’s annoyance令某人恼怒/生气的是 (1)To his annoyance，all people criticized him for such a little fault，so he said some annoying words，which instead annoyed them more.(annoy) (2)令我恼火的是，值班工人没有立即发出警告信号。 ①What annoyed me was that the worker on duty didn’t send out the warning signals immediately.(annoy v．) ②I was annoyed that the worker on duty didn’t send out the warning signals immediately.(annoyed adj.) ③To my annoyance，the worker on duty didn’t send out the warning signals immediately.(annoyance n．) adjust v．适应，(使)习惯(adjustment n．调整；适应adjustable adj.可调节的) •adjust to (doing) sth适应(做)某事 adjust...to...调整……以适应…… adjust oneself to...使自己适应…… •make an adjustment/adjustments做出调整 (1)It took him quite a while to adjust to living(live) an independent life. (2)To make more progress in English，we have made an adjustment(adjust) to our learning strategies. (3)(应用文写作之求助信)我写信向您寻求一些如何适应新环境的建议。 I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings. forgive v．原谅，宽恕 (forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕) forgive sb sth原谅某人某事 forgive sb for (doing) sth原谅某人(做)某事 forgive and forget 不念旧恶，既往不咎 (1)When she realized what she had done，she begged my forgiveness(forgive)． (2)If you stop finding fault with my work and pull your weight，I’ll forgive you for everything. 如果你不再挑我工作上的毛病，做好你分内的事，什么事我都会原谅你。 (3)(应用文写作之致歉信)I’m writing to apologize to you and hope you could forgive me for being so rude to you. 我写信向你道歉，希望你能原谅我如此无礼。 protect...from... 保护……免受…… •protect against防范…… protect...against...保护……免受…… 阻止……做某事 (1)Effective measures must be taken to protect the environment from/against pollution. (2)Much to our annoyance，local government didn’t take action to prevent these animals from dying out. →Much to our annoyance，local government didn’t take action to keep/stop these animals from dying out. 让我们气愤的是，当地政府并未采取行动来阻止这些动物灭绝。 (3)Not only will exercise lower blood pressure，but it will possibly protect against heart attacks. 运动不仅会降低血压，还可能会预防心脏病发作。 to...extent 在……程度上 to what extent在多大程度上 to some/an extent在某种程度上 to a large extent在很大程度上 用extent的相关短语填空 (1)In short，Internet voting，to some/an extent，is unfair and cannot be trusted. (2)To what extent do you agree with the saying that loose lips sink ships？ (3)To be frank，my success is due to your generous help and guidance to a large extent. 坦率地说，我的成功很大程度上要归功于你的慷慨帮助和指导。 hide...from 向……隐瞒(hidden adj.隐藏的，隐秘的hiding n．隐藏，躲藏) •hide sth in/under/behind把……藏在……里面/下面/后面 hide-and-seek捉迷藏游戏 •a hiding place藏身处 •a hidden place一个隐秘的地方 (1)(应用文写作之书信)As far as I’m concerned，it is wrong of you to hide the bad news that you failed in the exam from your parents.I suggest that you tell them the truth. (2)Ben was playing hide-and-seek with his cousins in the castle when he found a hidden place in an empty room.Hidden in the room，he listened carefully to sounds of others，knowing that everyone was looking for a hiding place to hide themselves. 本正在城堡里和表哥们玩捉迷藏，突然他在一个空房间里发现了一个隐秘的地方。藏在房间里，他仔细听着别人的动静，他知道每个人都在寻找藏身处来躲藏。 independent adj.独立的，自主的；不受约束的(independently adv.独立地independence n．独立；自主dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的dependence n．依赖，依靠) •be independent of/from...不受……控制/影响；独立于…… •gain independence (from) (脱离……)获得独立 •be/become dependent on/upon依赖；依靠 (1)Not only should they learn from their fault，but also they should make sure to think independently(independent)． (2)Women struggling in the dilemma between the professional and traditional roles finally gained independence(independent)，breaking away from the difficult situation. (3)Old people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on/upon their children. 老年人可以找自己的朋友而不会在情感上太依赖他们的子女。 (4)Learning that you are eager to be independent of/from your parents and live alone，I am writing to offer you some suggestions. 得知你渴望不依赖父母而独自生活，我写信给你提供一些建议。 “疑问词＋不定式”结构 教材原句　Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know what to do.安妮对这个决定感到震惊，不知道该怎么办。(P6) 本句中的what to do是“疑问词＋不定式”结构。“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或双重宾语等成分。 注意： •why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to； •在“what＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动形式； •whether后可跟不定式，而if不可。 (1)The problem is whether(if/whether) to put up a new fence. (2)(2020年浙江卷读后续写)My heart raced wildly，not knowing what to do. 我的心狂跳不止，不知该做什么。 (3)The guide showed us around the farm and explained to us how to take care of those cash crops. 向导带领我们参观了农场，并向我们解释了如何照管这些经济作物。 (4)We are still discussing when we will take the machine apart. →When to take the machine apart is still under discussion.(“疑问词＋不定式”作主语) even if/though 引导让步状语从句 教材原句　Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut，we say “It’s great！”，even if we think it’s awful.或者有朋友问我们他的新发型怎么样，即使我们觉得剪得非常糟糕，也会说“棒极了！”(P11) •本句中的even if 意为“即使”，用于引导让步状语从句。 •even if/though意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。在主、从句主语相同或从句主语为it且从句谓语动词含有be动词时，也可采用省略结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。 (1)You ought to carry on with your dream，even if facing(face) a lot of difficulties. (2)It was a tiring work，but I was looking forward to the pay，even if I wasn’t sure how much it would mount to. →It was a tiring work，but I was looking forward to the pay，even if not sure how much it would mount to. (3)Even if/though she adjusts to living abroad well，she will never forget her hometown. 即使她能很好地适应国外生活，她也永远忘不了她的家乡。 Ⅰ.一词多义 justify A.v.为……辩解　B.v.证明……正当　C.v.对……作出解释 1．The president said that no argument can justify a war. B 2．It is natural that we all justify our errors. A 3．The Prime Minister has been asked to justify the decision to Parliament. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．He let off steam by tearing the letter into pieces.v.撕碎，撕破 2．Sections of these roads that are dangerous for road vehicles shall be fenced off.v.用栅栏隔开 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The most important trees were tagged to protect them from being damaged(damage) by construction machinery. 2．Thinking for a while，she resolved to do(do) something in her power to help them out. 3．The report is likely to prove highly embarrassing (embarrass) to the government. 4．I am satisfied with your explanation and I am going to forgive you. 5．Frankly(frank) speaking，we are not surprised that you were criticized for your carelessness. 6．Please ensure(sure) that all lights are switched off when you leave the office. 7．To tell the truth，I had a hard time adjusting(adjust) myself to the new working environment here. 8．I was astonished and concerned about the urgency and complexity(complex) of the whole matter. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I have been looking forward to working in your company. 2．You’d better signal to us in advance if you are tearing the fence apart. 3．Just pull your weight—it is no use complaining about what you should do. 4．It is not right to be curious about others’ private life. 5．Every time I was criticized for other’s fault，she would speak up and justify me. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——寻求建议) 1．我无意间发现我最好的朋友考试时作弊。(by accident) I found my best friend cheating in the exam by accident. 2．当老师询问我时我说了谎。(过去分词作状语) When asked by the teacher，I told a lie. 3．但是我对自己所做的十分生气。(annoyed) But I was annoyed with myself at what I did. 4．如果我告诉老师真相的话，我的朋友会原谅我吗？(forgive) Will my friend forgive me if I tell the teacher the truth? 5．我不知道该怎么做。希望你能帮帮我！(what to do) I don’t know what to do.Hope you can help me out. Ⅳ.完形填空 Pen pals Jill Stretton and Cathie Alexander live half a world apart.However，they’ve 1 a faithful correspondence(通信) for seven decades. The long-lived letter-writing relationship 2 in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia was given Alexander’s 3 by a friend.Back then，it sometimes took six weeks for a long-distance letter to reach its 4 ，but the pair established an instant rapport(融洽) after their first 5 that has grown 6 with time. Though the two women didn’t meet in person until 1982，they felt as if they had truly 7 with one another，sharing life’s moments through their letters.“She is just like one of the family，” Stretton said.“And we are still together as we ever were 70 years ago.That is quite 8 for people who’ve lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship.” Stretton and Alexander have never stopped 9 to one another.Along with hopes，dreams，photos，and family updates，through the years，their letters have contained their sweet life 10 —weddings，birthdays，graduation and so on. While they 11 write letters，with the development of technology，Stretton and Alexander have slightly bowed to the times.For longer messages，they’ve turned to the Internet，but they agree that nothing will 12 a handwritten note.“Now，we do 13 to send postcards rather than write long letters because we email each other now，” Stretton 14 honestly.But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship. The two women’s story proves that the 15 is nothing when it comes to true friendship. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了相隔大半个世界的两位女士通过书信保持着数十年的友谊，这说明只要是真正的友谊，距离从来不会成为其阻碍。 1．A.ignored B．selected C．sought D．maintained 答案　D 解析　ignore忽视；select挑选；seek寻找；maintain保持。根据下文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship”可知，她们有长久的书信往来关系，所以她们保持了长达七十年的通信。故选D。 2．A.improved B．changed C．began D．disappeared 答案　C 解析　improve改善；change改变；begin开始；disappear消失。根据下文“in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia”可知，1950年是她们通信开始的时间。故选C。 3．A.email B．address C．number D．postcard 答案　B 解析　email邮件；address地址；number数字；postcard明信片。根据上文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship in 1950”可知，她们作为笔友开始通信关系前首先需要知道对方的地址。故选B。 4．A.destination B．rate C．power D．intention 答案　A 解析　destination目的地；rate比率；power力量；intention意图。根据上文“took six weeks”和“reach its”可知，她们之间的信件需要花费六周才能到达目的地。故选A。 5．A.adventure B．struggle C．exchange D．comment 答案　C 解析　adventure冒险；struggle挣扎；exchange交流；comment评论。根据上文“but the pair established an instant rapport(融洽) after their first”可知，她们有了交流之后才会建立起融洽的关系。故选C。 6．A.stronger B．weaker C．worse D．less 答案　A 解析　stronger更强烈的；weaker更虚弱的；worse更糟的；less更少的。“that has grown with time”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an instant rapport，此处指她们第一次交流时就建立了融洽的关系，之后随着更多的交流，这种感觉更加强烈。故选A。 7．A.broken down B．grown up C．turned up D．settled down 答案　B 解析　break down出故障；grow up长大；turn up出现；settle down定居。根据下文“sharing life’s moments through their letters”可知，几十年来，她们通过书信分享着彼此的生活，虽然一直没有见面，但感觉就像是一起长大似的。故选B。 8．A.typical B．frightening C．convenient D．inspiring 答案　D 解析　typical典型的；frightening可怕的；convenient方便的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据“And we are still together as we ever were 70 years ago.That is quite for people who’ve lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship.”可知，她们的友谊持续了几十年，并且友情还跟当初一样，这对于那些对长久的友谊丧失信心的人来说是一种鼓舞。故选D。 9．A.responding B．speaking C．writing D．turning 答案　C 解析　respond回复；speak说；write写，写信；turn转身。根据下文“through the years，their letters have contained their sweet life”可知，她们几十年来一直通过写信分享彼此的生活，所以她们从未停止通信。故选C。 10．A.goals B．memories C．benefits D．journeys 答案　B 解析　goal目标；memory记忆；benefit好处；journey旅程。根据下文“weddings，birthdays，graduation and so on”可知，她们在信中分享的都是她们生活中美好的事情，这些都是属于她们的美好回忆。故选B。 11．A.still B．gradually C．never D．eventually 答案　A 解析　still仍然；gradually逐渐地；never从不；eventually最终。根据上文While和下文“For longer messages，they’ve turned to the Internet”可知，虽然她们仍然在写信，但对于较长的信息她们转向了网络。故选A。 12．A.determine B．impact C．measure D．replace 答案　D 解析　determine决定；impact影响；measure估量；replace取代。根据下文“But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.”可知，写信在她们的友谊中扮演着最重要的角色，因此可以推断，她们认为没有什么能取代手写的信件。故选D。 13．A.pretend B．tend C．refuse D．fail 答案　B 解析　pretend假装；tend倾向于；refuse拒绝；fail失败。根据下文“rather than write long letters because we email now”可知，因为她们用电子邮件通信，所以她们不再手写长信，而是倾向于寄明信片。故选B。 14．A.apologized B．asked C．admitted D．argued 答案　C 解析　apologize道歉；ask询问；admit承认；argue争论。空后的“honestly”说明Stretton承认她们用电子邮件发长信，倾向于寄明信片这个事实。故选C。 15．A.distance B．quality C．challenge D．profession 答案　A 解析　distance距离；quality质量；challenge挑战；profession专业。根据下文“nothing when it comes to true friendship”和全篇内容可知，两位女士虽然相隔很远，但是她们几十年来用书信保持着彼此的友谊，并且友情没有因为距离受到任何影响，所以距离不会妨碍真正的友谊。故选A。 Ⅴ.语法填空 Julie always thought of herself as an easy-going and tolerant person,1. put up with people’s differences.She hardly ever became upset about anything，and 2. (believe) that if you treated people well，they would cooperate with you.That is，until Alex and Harry moved in next door.At first，when their music woke her at night，she was just a bit 3. (annoy)．She said to herself，“Take 4. easy.I make a lot of noise sometimes.I will go round and complain，in as nice a way as possible.” When she knocked at Alex and Harry’s door，she said，“ 5. (honest) speaking，your loud music has bothered me.Do you think you could turn it down a bit？” They just smiled，not 6. (feel) ashamed at all，and then Alex said，“You can think whatever you like，as far as we’re 7. (concern)．” Then they shut the door in Julie’s face.In the following week，the noise continued and Julie felt angry，but she was 8. (determine) not to lose her temper.Next time she called on next door，she gave Harry and Alex a present.“It’s just a cake I made 9. you.Please accept my sincere 10. (apologize) for last time！” And that day the noise stopped. “What a relief！” thought Julie.“Now there’s some peace and quietness and I can read my favorite book.” 1．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词person，指人，而且在从句中作主语。故填who。 2．答案　believed 解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空处在句子中作谓语，根据句中became可知，句子使用一般过去时。故填believed。 3．答案　annoyed 解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构，空处应用形容词作句子表语，说明主语she的状态。故填annoyed。 4．答案　it 解析　考查代词。take it easy为固定用法，表示“放松点”。故填it。 5．答案　Honestly 解析　考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词speaking，空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Honestly。 6．答案　feeling 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，feel与逻辑主语They之间是主动关系，空处应用现在分词形式作状语。故填feeling。 7．答案　concerned 解析　考查形容词。as far as sb be concerned为固定用法，表示“就某人而言”。故填concerned。 8．答案　determined 解析　考查形容词。be determined to do sth表示“决心做某事”。故填determined。 9．答案　for 解析　考查介词。结合语意，此处表示“为哈利和亚历克斯做了一个蛋糕”，空处应用介词for，表示“为了”。故填for。 10．答案　apology 解析　考查名词。分析句子结构，空处应用名词作动词accept的宾语，apologize的名词形式为apology，且此处指一个道歉，应用单数形式。故填apology。 Ⅵ.续写小故事 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A man was going to the house of a rich person.As he went along the road，he saw a box of good apples at the side of the road.He said，“I do not want to eat those apples because the rich man will give me much food.He will give me very nice food to eat.” Then he took the apples and threw them away into the dust. He went on and came to a river.The river was very broad so he could not go over it.He waited for some time；then he said，“I cannot go to the rich man’s house today，for I cannot get over the river.” He began to go home. 参考范文 He began to go home.He didn’t eat anything that day.He felt hungry.He came to the apples，and he was glad to take them out of the dust and eat them. Do not throw good things away，and you may be glad to have them at some other time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$