Unit 1 Period 2 Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

A friendship in trouble Dear Annie My name is Andrew. I am 17 years old and I have a problem. My best friend Matthew has stopped talking to me. We have been best friends since childhood and play together in the school football team. Last week, we had an important match against another school. The other team was superb1 and we really had to focus. I was determined2 to win, but Matthew was playing badly. He could not keep pace with the game, and as a result of his careless playing we lost. Afterwards, I got really angry with him, and I told him I thought he was not trying hard enough. He got annoyed, saying it wasn’t his fault if he couldn’t play as well as me, and that I shouldn’t talk to him in this manner. Then we both started shouting at each other and it turned into a horrible argument. He accused3 me of some really bad things just to hurt me. I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks4 too, but I dislike seeing our team lose. Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship. Since we argued, he hasn’t spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class. It’s really awkward. He is usually cheerful and outgoing, but he has been really quiet and looks sad. The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologized to me. Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me. I told my brother about the quarrel, but he said Matthew is just too sensitive5 and perhaps a little bitter6 because I am really athletic and good at football, and that I had better find another friend. What should I do? Yours truly Andrew (选自译林版旧教材必修5 Unit 1) 词汇积累 1．superb /suː'pɜːb/ adj. 极佳的；卓越的 2．determined /dɪ'tɜːmɪnd/ adj. 坚决的；有决心的 3．accuse /ə'kjuːz/ v. 指责；指控 4．remark /rɪ'mɑːk/ n. & vi.评论， 谈论 5．sensitive /'sensətɪv/ adj. 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 6．bitter /'bɪtə(r)/ adj. 不愉快的；愤愤不平的；味苦的 Period 2　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．sink　　 A．an action，a movement，or a sound that gives information，a message，a warning，or an order 2．fault B．a worried or nervous feeling about something 3．resolve C．a mistake，especially something for which you are to blame 4．signal D．the air that goes into and out of your lungs 5．breath E．to solve or end a problem or difficulty 6．concern F．not firmly held or fastened in place；not strictly controlled 7．loose G．to (cause something or someone to) go down below the surface or to the bottom of a liquid or soft substance 8．strategy H．a plan that is intended to achieve a particular purpose 答案　1.G　2.C　3.E　4.A　5.D　6.B　7.F　8.H Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Joseph took a breath to calm himself down and then began his speech. 2．Knowing I was not invited to her birthday party，my heart sank sorrowfully，feeling let down. 3.Moreover，we have to move on and look forward to seeing whatever happens next. 4．I don’t really work here；I am just helping out until the new secretary comes. 5．The children left the room in a mess，which really annoyed their mother. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 Skim the two letters and choose the best summary of them. A．Ben said something bad about his best friend，and Agony Aunt told him to apologise to his friend. B．Ben was angry that his team was let down by some members，and Agony Aunt told him to take it easy. C．Ben didn’t play well in the match，and Agony Aunt advised him to apologise to his teammate. D．Ben was in an awkward situation，and Agony Aunt gave him suggestions as to how to deal with his problems. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Read Letter 2 and match the main ideas. Para.1　　　 A．The suggestions for Ben to solve the problems. Paras.2－3 B．The real cause of making trouble. Paras.4－6 C．The common facts of everything. Paras.7－8 D．The real cause of Ben’s trouble. 答案　Para.1 B　Paras.2－3 D　Paras.4－6 A　Paras.7－8 C Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read the letter from Ben to Agony Aunt and do the following exercises. 1．Why did Ben’s team lose the match? A．The members played badly. B．Ben didn’t play well in the match. C．The point guard was hurt in the match. D．The point guard performed badly. 答案　D 2．What put Ben in an awkward situation? A．His team’s losing the match. B．His best friend’s telling what he said to others. C．His not concentrating on studying. D．His letting off steam. 答案　B Ⅱ.Read Ben’s letter carefully.Find out the adjectives describing Ben’s feelings. Ben’s feelings：mad⇨disappointed⇨angry⇨embarrassed and ashamed Ⅲ.Read the letter from Agony Aunt and do the following exercises. 1．Which example shows the meaning of the saying “Loose lips sink ships.”？ A．People admire Tom for his brave behaviour. B．A young man talks to others in a polite manner. C．An old man often helps those in trouble. D．Your best friend gives away your secret to someone else. 答案　D 2．Who does Agony Aunt think is to blame? A．Ben. B．Ben’s friend. C．Ben’s teammates. D．A and B. 答案　D 3．What does Agony Aunt think of Ben’s behaviour? A．Favourable. B．Opposed. C．Understandable. D．Admirable. 答案　C 4．Which is NOT the suggestion Agony Aunt gives? A．Letting off steam. B．Reconsidering what he did. C．Making an apology to his teammate. D．Communicating with his friend. 答案　A 5．According to Agony Aunt，what is probably the most important for Ben? A．Making a clear communication. B．Knowing himself clearly first. C．Speaking out his mind clearly. D．Turning to the coach for help. 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What do you think of Agony Aunt and her advice？(Critical thinking) 2．What other advice would you give to Ben？(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Ben is in 1.an awkward situation，and Agony Aunt gives him some advice on how to deal with his problems. Ben is a member of his school basketball team.He likes basketball very much.One day，his team lost a match.He was 2.disappointed(disappoint) with the point guard.Ben thought the team 3.were let(let) down by him.He told his best friend that the point guard was 4.to blame(blame)，just letting off steam.5.However，his best friend went and told everyone else 6.what he’d said.Embarrassed and ashamed，Ben doesn’t know what to do. Agony Aunt gives Ben some 7.suggestions(suggestion) about his problems.First of all，Ben should apologise to his teammate because they need to work together and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts.Ben should tell his teammate directly and honestly that he was talking without 8.thinking(think)．Besides，Ben can talk to his best friend and tell his friend he’s angry with him for repeating what he said and making the situation 9.worse(bad)，but that he wants to move on.Thirdly，Agony Aunt advises Ben to think about his own behaviour and not to say too much when he is angry.10.Anger(angry) often makes a person give others the wrong signal.Always remember：think first，speak later. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．I’m crazy about basketball，and pretty good at it too，which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句；从句中why引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句；主句中be crazy about意为“对……着迷”。 [自主翻译]　我酷爱打篮球，打得也很好，也许正因如此，在我们队输掉了最近的比赛时我相当恼怒。 2．I was just letting off steam really，because I was so angry，but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said. [句式分析]　此句为but连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中because引导原因状语从句；第二个分句中what I’d said为宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　我其实只是想发泄一下怒气，因为我太生气了，可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。 3．This means that if you speak too much about something，especially to people who you don’t know so well，it’ll cause all kinds of trouble. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句；从句中if引导条件状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰people。 [自主翻译]　意思是说如果你对某件事谈论得过多，尤其是跟你不太了解的人谈论，会招来各种各样的麻烦。 4．Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse，but that you want to move on. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。Tell your friend后面为省略that的宾语从句；what you said为宾语从句，but连接并列的宾语从句，第二个that不可(可/不可)省略。 [自主翻译]　告诉你的朋友，他传话的行为让情况更糟糕了，你对此很生气，但你想让事情就此过去。 5．Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。句中Filled with anger为过去分词短语作状语，whatever引导宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Relationship skills and social skills are referred to as “skills” for a reason—they require learning，practice，and improvement.Here are the best relationship books on the market，according to a licensed mental health counselor. Best for Communication：4 Essential Keys to Effective Communication in Love，Life，Work—Anywhere! In this day and age，we could all use a refresher in terms of basic communication skills.This award-winning book—filled with how-to guides and exercise challenges—is a great place to start.Written with all kinds of relationships in mind，including family，dating，friendships，and even work relationships，it’s designed to help you improve empathy，listening skills，and communication skills. Best for Socializing：How to Become a People Magnet Social anxiety is a common issue in our modern-day world among all age groups.This book，written by award-winning author Marc Reklau，provides 62 simple strategies(策略) to help you improve your social skills in everything from first impressions to deeper relationships.With a variety of strategies available，you can choose the ones that are best suited for your needs. Best for Problem-Solving：I Hear You：The Surprisingly Simple Skill Behind Extraordinary Relationships In this bestselling book，author Michael Sorensen put relationship problem-solving skills into a three-hour read.It reads more like a conversation to help users understand the value of listening and validation in relationships. Best for Personality Types：The Enneagram for Relationships：Transform Your Connections with Friends，Family，Colleagues，and in Love The Enneagram is one of the fastest-growing personality assessments and concepts in the world right now，and rightfully so.There are nine different personality types with up to 27 subtypes to help you understand yourself—aiding in connection with those closest to you. 1．What is special about How to Become a People Magnet? A．It focuses on problem-solving skills. B．It offers various strategies about social skills. C．It deals with all kinds of relationships. D．It’s an award-winning book. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，《如何成为一个有吸引力的人》的特别之处是提供了各种各样关于社交技巧的策略。故选B。 2．Which one should people hoping to understand themselves choose? A．4 Essential Keys to Effective Communication in Love，Life，Work—Anywhere! B．How to Become a People Magnet. C．I Hear You：The Surprisingly Simple Skill Behind Extraordinary Relationships. D．The Enneagram for Relationships：Transform Your Connections with Friends，Family，Colleagues，and in Love. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，希望了解自己的人应该选择The Enneagram for Relationships：Transform Your Connections with Friends，Family，Colleagues，and in Love。故选D。 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To point out the importance of relationships. B．To encourage people to improve social skills. C．To call for the understanding between people. D．To introduce 4 relationship books to readers. 答案　D 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段中“Here are the best relationship books on the market，according to a licensed mental health counselor.”及下文对这四本书的具体介绍可推知，文章的目的是向读者介绍四本人际关系类书籍。故选D。 B Think about that.If you are anything like me，you struggle to ask for help when you need it.It’s something a lot of humans battle with.You don’t want to be a burden on others.You are afraid to speak up，or want to prove that you can do it yourself. You don’t ask for help when you don’t know how to do something or can’t manage it on your own，because you might be afraid of looking stupid or incompetent.You might pretend like you know what you’re doing when you’re really drowning.Perhaps you think asking for help is a sign of weakness；that if you ask for help you’re admitting you’re inadequate in some way；that you lack knowledge，skill or experience to do something yourself.You don’t want anyone to see that you’re struggling and you want people to think that you’re in control and can handle things. There are tons of reasons you won’t ask for help，but not to do so can be a mistake.You get in your own way if you make asking for help mean something negative about you when it doesn’t.Asking for help doesn’t mean you’re stupid or inadequate.It simply means you need help with something specific for a time. Confident people often ask others for help.They do so not only because they’re secure enough to let it be known they need help，but they know that trying to do everything themselves is not always the best use of their time，skills or energy.They recognize it can leave them feeling overwhelmed and stressed and then they can’t do things properly.Confident people find someone who’s good at what they need to learn or get done and then ask for their help and guidance.They know that asking，“Can you help me？” shows respect for the other person’s knowledge and abilities.Otherwise，they wouldn’t ask. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章说明了“害怕向别人求助”这种现象产生的原因，并鼓励大家遇到问题时勇敢求助。 4．What is the author’s personality like? A．He shows great love to others. B．He hesitates to ask others for help. C．He looks down upon other people. D．He dislikes those who pretend to know. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，遇到需要向别人求助的问题时，作者会很挣扎，不想成为别人的负担。由此可推知，作者不太愿意向别人求助。故选B。 5．What does the underlined word “incompetent” mean in paragraph 2? A．Indifferent. B．Unqualified. C．Determined. D．Devoted. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“You don’t ask for help when you don’t know how to do something or can’t manage it on your own，because you might be afraid of looking stupid or incompetent.”可知，incompetent与前面的stupid为并列关系，二者应语义相近。当你不知道如何处理某件事时，你也不想向别人求助，因为你害怕看起来很蠢，或者说很无能。incompetent为形容词，表示“无能的、不称职的”，与unqualified为同义词。故选B。 6．What is quite natural for confident people? A．To offer help to other people. B．To respect others’ abilities. C．To promote their abilities. D．To turn to others for help. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Confident people often ask others for help.”可知，自信的人经常向别人寻求帮助。故选D。 7．Through this text，what is the author trying to do? A．To advise us to learn more knowledge. B．To encourage us to bravely ask for help. C．To show our respect to the people around us. D．To encourage us to be more confident in our life. 答案　B 解析　写作意图题。根据第三段最后两句以及第四段内容可知，作者认为向别人求助是很正常的，是在鼓励我们遇到困难时要勇敢地向别人求助。故选B。 C A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily，it is a bad thing for young people.Puppy love(早恋)may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression.The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys，and younger girls are the worst of all. The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”．According to the study，even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”，this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls.Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They won’t tell that to their parents. Dr Marianm Kaufman，an expert on young people problems，says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing.Trying romance often causes the depression.She advises kids not to jump into romance too early.During growing up，it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self.She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends，attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family. Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes—and if they see signs from their daughters or sons，they need to give help.The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.Love will always make us feel young，but only maturity(成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早恋对年轻人的负面影响并建议年轻人如何避免这样的问题。 8．Which of the following is more likely to have depression? A．Young people who have a strong sense of self. B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior. C．Careless parents whose children are deep in love. D．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys，and younger girls are the worst of all.”及第二段最后两句可知，总是隐藏感情和想法的年轻女孩更可能抑郁。故选D。 9．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly. B．The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance. C．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression. D．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.”可以推断出，女性年龄越大，越不可能在浪漫中迷失自己。故选B。 10．What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love? A．Confused. B．Disinterested. C．Disapproving. D．Scared. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。由第三段第三句和最后一段最后一句“Love will always make us feel young，but only maturity(成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.”可判断出，作者对早恋的态度是“不支持的”。故选C。 11．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Romance is a two-edged sword for adults. B．Parents should forbid their children’s love. C．Puppy love may bring young people depression. D．Romance is good for young people. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其是第一段中的“Puppy love(早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression.”点明了主题：早恋会使年轻人抑郁。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 Bullying(霸凌) is a big problem，which can make kids feel hurt，scared，sick，lonely，embarrassed，and sad.Bullies might use words to call names，tease or make fun of others. 1 Bullying is a big deal. Bullying is a big problem that affects lots of kids.Being bullied can make kids feel really bad and even not want to go to school. 2 It can make school a place of fear and can lead to violence and more stress for everyone. 　3　 Some bullies are looking for attention.They might think bullying is a way to be popular or to get what they want.Some bullies come from families where everyone is angry and shouting all the time.They may think that being angry，calling names，and pushing people around is a normal way to act.Some bullies are copying what they’ve seen someone else do.Some have been bullied themselves. How can you handle it? So now you know that bullying is a big problem that affects a lot of kids，but what do you do if someone is bullying you? 4 When you’re scared of another person，you’re probably not feeling you’re brave.But sometimes just acting brave is enough to stop a bully.How does a brave person look and act？Stand tall and you’ll send the message：“Don’t mess with me.” It’s easier to feel brave when you feel good about yourself. Always have a friend nearby. 5 Make a plan to walk with a friend or two on the way to school，recess，lunch，or wherever you think you might meet the bully. A．Stand tall and be brave. B．Why do bullies act that way? C．Some bullies even hit，kick or threaten kids. D．Bullying bothers not just the kids who are getting picked on. E．Be brave to offer support if your friend is having bully trouble. F．Two is better than one if you’re trying to avoid being bullied. G．The good news is that kids who are bullies can learn to change their behavior. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了霸凌的危害、现状、霸凌者欺负他人的原因以及解决措施。 1．答案　C 解析　前一句说的是霸凌者的行为，而C选项也在描述霸凌者的行为，并且C选项中的even表递进，故选C。 2．答案　D 解析　上文提到霸凌是一个大问题，会影响到很多孩子，并讲述了其给被欺负者带来的负面影响，下文讲了霸凌会让学校成为一个恐怖的地方，会导致暴力和使每个人有压力，由此可知空处是在说明霸凌不仅会困扰受欺负的孩子，故D项符合语境，故选D。 3．答案　B 解析　本空为本段小标题，根据本段内容可知，本段主要围绕霸凌者为什么会霸凌别人进行分析，故B选项“为什么霸凌者会那样做”符合语境，故选B。 4．答案　A 解析　下文主要说明你要勇敢地行动，不要给霸凌者欺负你的机会，选项中的brave和下文的brave是原词复现。故A选项“昂首挺胸，变得勇敢”符合语境，故选A。 5．答案　F 解析　上文建议一定要有朋友陪同，下文提到建议做好计划以和朋友同行去任何可能遭受霸凌的地方，即借助朋友的力量来避免被霸凌。故F选项“如果你想避免被霸凌，两个人比一个人更好”符合语境，故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$