Unit 2 Period 3 Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Period 3　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．When asked about the clinic’s future，the physician responded(回复) that he remained optimistic. 2．We respected him for his various virtues，such as generosity，honesty and sincerity. 3．We’ve gone to the opposite extreme(极端) of a few decades(十年) ago when parents tended to be more strict. 4．The majority of my colleagues agree with me while a few ones disagree. 5．The resident physician fell ill，so I would replace him and do the operation instead. 6．Passive(被动的) smoking does great harm to our health. 7．At the moment，I am faced with lots of dilemmas and I am absolutely at a loss. 8．In the past decade，Huawei company has hired thousands of technical experts. 9．Do take advantage of the precious chance to broaden your horizons and expand your knowledge. 10．We students fancy that the Student Union should hold a variety of activities to enrich our boring campus life. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．My brother got married last year.His smile on the face reflects that he got a happy marriage.(marry) 2．Complaint does harm to our health.Besides，complaining to others is no use at all.(complain) 3．His proposal was rejected by his manager at the meeting.The rejection made him feel horrible.(reject) 4．Many students voted for Tom in the election and eventually he was elected as monitor.(elect) 5．After his retirement，the retired chairman physician moved to the countryside.(retire) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Hearing the teacher’s voice，the pupils stopped talking at once. 听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。 2．Smoking does harm to your health，so you’d better give it up. 抽烟有害健康，因此你最好把烟戒掉。 3．Everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart. 我要说的一切都发自内心。 4．Not having received a reply，he decided to write a letter again. 由于没有收到答复，他决定再写一封信。 5．Amy was the only person to arrive at the top of the mountain. 艾米是唯一到达山顶的人。 carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 carry on doing/with...继续(做)…… be/get carried away变得很激动；失去自制力 carry out执行；实施 carry off成功地完成；赢得，获得(奖项) carry sb back(to sth)使某人回想起(某事) (1)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)With the guidance of my partner，I carried on doing(do) our project and our efforts paid off finally. ＝With the guidance of my partner，I carried on with our project and our efforts paid off finally. (2)(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Although it was difficult for the twins to ①carry out their plan to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast，they ②carried it off at last.The moment the mother saw the breakfast，she immediately ③was/got carried away，with her eyes glittering with happiness.The delicious breakfast ④carried them back to their past sweet times they spent together.尽管对于这对双胞胎来说实施做一顿母亲节早餐的计划很难，但他们最终成功地完成了。母亲一看到早餐，立即变得很激动，她的眼睛闪烁着幸福的光芒。美味的早餐使他们回想起了过去一起度过的甜蜜时光。 (3)His virtue carried him through the moral dilemma. 他的美德帮助他渡过了那个道德困境。 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚(complaint n．抱怨；投诉) •complain about/of...抱怨…… complain (to sb) that...(向某人)抱怨…… complain to sb about/of sth向某人抱怨某事 •make a complaint about/of...抱怨……；对……提出投诉 (1)The majority of the staff complained to me about/of the horrible working conditions. (2)I complain to you that the English novels you sent to me have rough paper and a terrible smell. 我向您投诉，您邮寄给我的英文小说纸质粗糙，还有一股难闻的气味。 (3)(应用文写作之投诉信)我写信是投诉你们酒店的服务不好。 ①I’m writing to make a complaint about/of the poor service of your hotel.(complaint) ②I’m writing to complain about/of the poor service of your hotel.(complain) respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应(response n．反应；回答；回复) •respond to对……做出回应或反应 respond that...回答说…… •make a response to回答……；对……作出回应 in response to响应；作为对……的回应 (1)(应用文写作之结束语)I would be grateful if you could respond to my message at your earliest convenience. ＝I would be grateful if you could make a response(respond) to my message at your earliest convenience. (2)In response to our request，he responded that we should listen to and speak Chinese on a daily basis. 应我们的要求，他回答说我们应该每天听和说汉语。 appoint vt.任命；委派(appointed adj.约定的；指定的appointment n．约会；约定，预约；委任；任命；职位) •appoint sb as/to be...任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事 •at the appointed time在约定的时间 •make an appointment with sb与某人约会/预约 (1)(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learning that you are appointed as the chairman of the Student Council，I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you. (2)If you want to see the doctor，you’d better make an appointment(appoint) with him in advance. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)I strongly suggest that you should arrive on time or earlier than the appointed(appoint) time，which is significant to show your politeness. (4)(应用文写作之活动安排)Our headmaster appointed me to introduce the Chinese culture of tea arts to foreign exchange students.我们校长委派我向外国交换生介绍中国的茶艺文化。 tend vi.趋于；倾向 vt.照顾；照料；护理(tendency n．趋势；倾向) •tend to do/be...容易/易于/趋向…… tend (to) sb/sth照顾/护理/看护某人/某物 •have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事 There is a tendency towards/to(do) sth.有一种(做)……的趋势/倾向。 (1)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)There is a tendency(tend) that the majority of young people choose online learning，so how to be smart online learners seems extremely significant. (2)(2022·北京，应用文写作)我们倾向于在写英语作文时犯错误，所以我写信邀请你给我们作一个关于英语写作的在线讲座。 We tend to/have a tendency to make mistakes when writing English compositions，so I am writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的(scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的) •be scared •scare sb into doing sth威胁/恐吓某人做某事 scare sb/sth away/off把某人/物吓跑 (1)The sudden appearance of the cute rabbit scared my horse into running like crazy. (2) (读后续写片段描写)Although he was scared to death，Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the scary wolf with all his strength.Fortunately，the wolf was scared away/off, but he was still in a state of shock. 虽然被吓得要死，麦克还是挣扎着爬起来用尽全力把他的自行车扔向那只吓人的狼。幸运的是，狼被吓跑了，但是他仍然惊魂未定。 (3)(2020·浙江，读后续写)My husband and I were scared that we would be hurt by the fierce bear and thus，our teeth were chattering. →My husband and I were scared of being hurt by the fierce bear and thus，our teeth were chattering.(用be scared of改写) →My husband and I were scared to be hurt by the fierce bear and thus，our teeth were chattering.(用be scared to do改写) replace vt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处(replacement n．替换；更换；替换物；接替者) •replace A with/by B　以B代替/替换A replace sth＝take the place of sth代替某物/某事 •a replacement for ……的替代品/替补 名师点津　“代替”的其他表达法：in place of；in one’s place；take one’s place；instead of (1)The reason why my father rejects replacing the old computer with/by a new one is that he hasn’t found a proper replacement(replace)． (2)I am very pleased to replace/take the place of my colleague to deliver a speech at an opening ceremony. →I am very pleased to deliver a speech at an opening ceremony in place of/instead of my colleague. nothing(否定词)＋形容词比较级＋than 教材原句　To a person nothing is more precious than their life. 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更宝贵的了。(P16) •句中“nothing(否定词)＋形容词比较级＋than”为比较级形式表达最高级意义。 •其他表示最高级的句型： ①the＋最高级＋比较范围 ②can/could＋never/not＋be＋...enough/too...再……也不过分；越……越好 ③比较级＋than＋ (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写)When learning that I won the first prize in the writing contest，never had I been more excited. 当得知我在写作比赛中获得第一名时，我从来没有这么兴奋过。 (2)—How beautifully she sings！I have never heard a better voice. —I can’t agree with you any more. ——她唱歌多么动听啊！这是我听过的最好听的声音了。 ——我完全同意你的看法。 (3)汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。(任用三种方式表达) ①Tom is the most hard-working student in our class. ②Tom is more hard-working than any other student in our class. ③Nobody is more hard-working than Tom in our class. the＋序数词＋名词＋to do 教材原句　She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。(P16) •此句中的不定式to be hired...作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only，the last，the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 •在time，way，chance，ability，promise等抽象名词后常用不定式作后置定语。 (1)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact(contact) you failed. (2)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Jack was the first person to think of a good idea to help Bernard earn some extra money by making popcorn. 杰克是第一个想到一个好主意来帮助伯纳德做爆米花赚点额外收入的人。 (3)I can’t afford to miss such a precious chance to strengthen each other’s understanding. 我不能错过这样一个增进彼此了解的宝贵机会。 (4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)In my opinion，randomly pairing up students can’t improve their oral English and after all，the ability to speak English varies from person to person. 在我看来，随机配对学生并不能提高他们的英语口语，毕竟，说英语的能力因人而异。 感官动词＋宾语＋宾补 教材原句　At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。(P16) •本句中含有“see sb doing sth”结构即“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”。 •可用于该结构的感官动词有：see，hear，smell，feel，watch，notice，observe等。 (1)(读后续写之情绪描写)When I saw a snake winding(wind) its way on the road，I was scared to death. (2)I’d like to see the plan carried(carry) out. (3)Absorbed in his study，the boy didn’t hear his parents quarrelling in the next room.这个男孩沉浸在学习中，没有听到隔壁房间里的父母在争吵。 (4)I observed a thief enter the bank and I dialed 110 right away. →A thief was observed to enter the bank and I dialed 110 right away.(变为被动语态) Ⅰ.一词多义 sharp adj. A．急剧的　B．敏锐的　C．锋利的　D．急转的，陡的 1．She studied the young man with her sharp bright eyes. B 2．Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. A 3．After a sharp turn in the path they are suddenly approaching a faint square of light. D 4．She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was peeling apples. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I think the moral of the story is to let the buyer beware.n.寓意 2．A team of army doctors were tending the wounded.vt.照顾 3．In the first half，Jack broke his leg and had to retire.vi.(因伤)退出(比赛) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I was deeply impressed by the kindness and beauty of my first teacher in kindergarten. 2．The retired teacher donated most of his savings(saving) to the School Union. 3.In spite of his advanced age，he still didn’t retire from teaching. 4．I fancy that your suggestion got rejected(reject) because it was quite impractical. 5．At the moment I am working out regularly to make me feel more energetic(energy) and efficient in my work. 6．I am grateful for everything in my life，so never do I make a complaint(complain)． 7．Much to my joy，my mother decided to replace the old television with/by a new one. 8．I saw the wrestler wandering(wander) in the square. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Ever since he graduated from university，he has been working at the branch company in Shanghai. 2.To be frank，deeds are better than words when people are in need of help. 3．It was his determination that absolutely carried him through the difficult period. 4．People under stress tend to develop their full range of potential. 5．The staff said the director，rather than the secretary，was responsible for the incident. Ⅲ.单句写作(话题写作之人物介绍) 1．上周我弟弟被任命为学生会主席。 Last week my brother was appointed to be/as chairman of the Student Council. 2．他总是第一个帮助有困难的人解决他们的困境。 He is always the first one to assist those in trouble to solve their dilemmas. 3．他耐心地回答其他人的问题，并且不遗余力地为老师提供许多实用的建议。 He responds to others’ questions patiently and spares no effort to provide a great deal of practical advice for teachers. 4．他不害怕面对各种困难。 He is not scared to face/be faced with various difficulties. 5．所以我相信没人比他更有资格当主席了。 So I believe nobody can be a more qualified chairman than him. Ⅳ.阅读理解 A One devoted man is helping to make sure that children with poor living conditions won’t go hungry during the school day. Mary’s Meals，an organization founded by Scottish farmer Magnus Macfarlane-Barrow，provides needy kids in 12 countries with free meals at school each weekday.The group’s aim is to ensure that students have food in their stomachs so they can better fix their attention on the study in class. Macfarlane-Barrow，who runs Mary’s Meals on his father’s farm，told CNN that the entire operation started with a conversation he had with a teen living in a poor state.He said，“In 2002，I was in Malawi during a year of terribly short of food，and I met this family—the father had died，and the mother was dying with her six children around her.I began talking to her oldest child，Edward，who was about 14，and asked him，‘What are your hopes？’ And he said，‘I’d like to have enough food to eat，and I’d like to go to school one day.’ And that was it.” In its first year，the group fed 200 children in need.Since that time，it has made rapid progress.Last month，Mary’s Meals fed more than 1 million children every school day.That was 5 million meals every week.“The million is amazingly important，but we are far from satisfied.Our work’s just beginning.We’ve proven that this works，and now we’re just thinking about the next child，” said Macfarlane-Barrow. He and the group recently celebrated the achievement in Malawi，where the program began.So far，the program has had very good results.In Malawi，schools that carried out the Mary’s Meals program saw a 24-percent increase in the number of new students within the first six months. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个为贫困儿童提供免费食物的非营利组织是如何成立、发展的。 1．Why did Macfarlane-Barrow found Mary’s Meals? A．He hoped to provide free food for poor families. B．He expected to teach children how to help others. C．He wished to become well-known by helping others. D．He wanted to make children free of hunger in class. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Magnus Macfarlane-Barrow成立Mary’s Meals的原因是他想让在校学习的孩子们免于饥饿。故选D。 2．What inspired Macfarlane-Barrow to start Mary’s Meals? A．The dialogue with a poor child. B．The success of helping a needy kid. C．The terribly short of food in Malawi. D．The conversation with a poor mother. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，和一个居住在贫困州的孩子的交谈让他有了建立Mary’s Meals的想法。故选A。 3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．Mary’s Meals program has been very successful. B．Only a few children suffer from hunger now. C．Macfarlane-Barrow is satisfied with the result. D．Mary’s Meals fed one million children every day. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So far，the program has had very good results.”可知，目前该项目已经取得了非常好的结果，即该项目现在已经很成功。故选A。 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Edward’s dream has come true. B．Malawi gets away from being short of food. C．Mary’s Meals program has shocked the world. D．A farmer feeds one million kids every school day. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据第四段中的数据可知，本文主要讲述了一个苏格兰的农民创立了Mary’s Meals，每个学校日给超过100万的儿童提供食物。故D选项“一个农民每个学校日给100万孩子提供食物”概括文章主旨。故选D。 B I’d say I quarrel with my parents a lot.Throughout high school，I was always jealous of some of my friends who didn’t seem to have those problems at home，but I’ve come to see over the years that no one’s situation is perfect. Part of the reason I work all week during my break，in addition to the money，of course，is to be out of the house to avoid continuing quarrels.At work，I eat lunch with my friend Krysta every day，but the best days are when our favourite workmate，Lucy，is on her lunch break at the same time as us.Her funny way of storytelling always has us laughing happily，and although she is almost old enough to be our mom，she feels more like a best friend. A few weeks ago，however，there was a change in our lunch conversation，and the story she told had us in real tears instead of our usual tears of laughter.A more serious topic had come up，and she sat us down to explain the importance of forgiveness，especially when it came to our parents.Telling stories of her troubled relationship with her mother，she changed my whole outlook on life and my feelings towards my parents.She reminded us that no matter how much resentment (怨恨) we’re feeling in a moment of anger，we have to be thankful for the support they provide and learn to forgive everything else. This week I’ve spent my break at home，having very small quarrels and lots of quality time together with my parents.Sometimes you need a reminder to make you realize how important it is to let go of past resentment and work to repair broken relationships.My workmate’s moving stories not only brought me to tears in the break room at work that day but served as that wake-up call as well. 5．Why was the author jealous of some of her friends? A．They didn’t have to work all week. B．They didn’t need to do housework. C．They got along well with their parents. D．They could spend much time with their parents. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“I’d say I quarrel with my parents a lot.Throughout high school，I was always jealous of some of my friends who didn’t seem to have those problems at home...”可知，作者经常跟父母吵架。整个高中时代，作者都挺羡慕一些朋友，因为他们在家不会有那种(跟父母经常吵架的)问题。故选C。 6．What can we know about Lucy? A．She likes to have lunch on her own. B．She is about the author’s age. C．She has a sense of humor. D．She is a poor talker. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Her funny way of storytelling always has us laughing happily”可推断，Lucy很有幽默感。故选C。 7．What happened to the author a few weeks ago? A．She was taught a lesson by Lucy. B．She was moved by Lucy’s mother. C．She laughed happily at Lucy’s stories. D．She discussed her problems with Lucy. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Telling stories of her troubled relationship with her mother，she changed my whole outlook on life and my feelings towards my parents.”可推断，几周前，Lucy给作者上了一课，使作者改变了对生活和父母的看法。故选A。 8．What message does the author most want to give us? A．We shouldn’t waste valuable family time. B．We should show thanks to our parents. C．We shouldn’t quarrel with our parents. D．We should forgive all but ourselves. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推断，作者想传达的信息是我们应该对父母心存感恩。故选B。 Ⅴ.七选五 Everyone makes countless choices every day. 1 For instance，when hunger strikes，you can reach for a nutritious(有营养的) snack good for your health，or junk food which may contribute to fatness.Then how do you make choices? If you’re interested in living a richer，fuller life，there is a foundation which you can base all your decisions on，so that you can make life better not only for yourself，but also for those around you. 2 Imagine if every parent，mate，friend，teacher，businessman，and politician truly did their best to choose what’s best for all in every decision they made，we would certainly live in a more caring，supportive world. “But how do I know what is really best？” you might ask.The answer is simple.It doesn’t matter. 3 What matters is that whatever decision you make，you should choose with a sincere desire for what’s best for all.Even if it later turns out that you have made a bad choice，there’s no need for guilt(愧疚)．With a clear heart，you may stay clear and open. 4 Probably next time you’ll achieve a satisfactory outcome. However，choosing what’s best does not mean you have to always sacrifice(牺牲)yourself for others.It’s typical of a mother to sacrifice for her kids.However，an overly tired mother may get angry easily. 5 Yet in the long run，it can help her to be a better mother to her children.So as you move through each day of your lives，remember to take account of yourselves as you choose what’s best. A．This may make you feel guilty about your choice. B．A working mother can’t balance career and family. C．This foundation is to choose based on what’s best. D．Some rest for this mother might seem not selfless. E．This then allows you to more easily learn from your mistakes. F．And every choice you make，however big or small，affects you in some way. G．What matters is not the choice you make，but the intention behind your choice. 1．答案　F 解析　后文一句在举例讲做出的每种选择的影响，F项“你所做的每一个选择，无论大小，都会在某种程度上影响你”引起下文，符合语境。故选F。 2．答案　C 解析　前文一句讲到所有决定都可以基于一个基础，所以C项“这个基础是基于最好的来做选择”承接前文，符合语境，其中foundation是同词复现，what’s best也在后文反复出现。故选C。 3．答案　G 解析　根据前文“It doesn’t matter.”以及后文“ What matters...a sincere desire for what’s best for all.”可知，G项“重要的不是你所做的选择，而是你的选择背后的意图”与前文构成转折关系，与后文是同构复现，其中matter是同词复现。故选G。 4．答案　E 解析　根据前文“With a clear heart，you may stay clear and open.”以及后文“Probably next time you’ll achieve a satisfactory outcome.”分析可知，两句间应是一个过渡句，说明上文的做法所起的作用，E项中的This指代的是前句的“保持清澈和开放”，learn from your mistakes是下文achieve a satisfactory outcome的前提。故选E。 5．答案　D 解析　根据前文“However，an overly tired mother may get angry easily.”以及后文“Yet in the long run，it can help her to be a better mother to her children.”可知，空处应提到一种有帮助的做法，D项中的rest与前句的tired相呼应，且是后句的it的指代对象，符合语境。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$