Unit 2 Period 1 Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

The Power of Good “The British Schindler”：the life of Nicholas Winton It is August 1939, and a group of frightened children are boarding1 a train at Prague’s Wilson Station. Their heartbroken parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again. But they know that their children will live. These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish, that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London, to German-Jewish parents. The family later took British nationality2. On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business. In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis. In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger. He decided to help transport3 children to safety in Britain. He established4 an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary5 homes for them. He used donated funds6 and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required. By August 1939, Winton had saved 669 children. During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force. He left the military7 in 1954. He then worked for international charities and for various companies. For the most part, he did not mention the children he saved, and his actions soon disappeared from people’s memories. That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home. The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in8. She sent the journal to a newspaper, and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That’s Life. At one point, the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet. The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a respected figure around the world. Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement, including a knighthood in 2003, and the Czech government’s highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014. Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at the age of 106. As the Chinese saying goes, “A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”(选自外研版新教材必修第三册 Unit 3) 词汇积累 1．board /bɔːd/ vt.上(船或火车、飞机等) 2．nationality /ˌnæʃə'næləti/ n．国籍 3．transport /træn'spɔːt/ vt.运输，运送 4．establish /ɪ'stæblɪʃ/ vt.建造；设立 5．temporary /'temp(ə)rəri/ adj.临时的；暂时的 6．fund /fʌnd/ n．基金 7．military /'mɪlɪt(ə)ri/ n．军队 8．take sb.in 收留某人 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·浙江丽水高一统考期末) The Pathway and River Cleanup is a yearly event involving thousands of volunteers who generously donate their time to help clean up Calgary. The 2023 Pathway and River Cleanup will take place from Sept.9 to Sept.11,2023. Volunteer Registration To volunteer for the Pathway and River Cleanup，you must be： *12 years or older *Accompanied by a parent or guardian (if you’re between 12 and 17 years old) *Able to commit to three hours of cleanup on one of the three event days. You are encouraged to register as a group (minimum 10 people) with a designated(指定的) leader.If you do not have a group，you can join a team led by Calgary Parks staff. Volunteers may request a specific cleanup location at the time of registration.We will do our best to satisfy specific location requests.If you do not have a preferred cleanup location，one will be given to you. Remember to register online.Registration in person is not accepted. Group Leaders Each group must have a designated leader.New group leaders are required to attend a one-hour，online orientation session(入职培训)．Returning group leaders must attend the orientation session every three years，but must complete yearly online training. Group leaders will be responsible for： *Conducting a group member orientation session before event day to provide safety training. *Ensuring the safe and effective cleanup of the designated cleanup area.Risks will be minimized as much as possible.However，volunteers may come in contact with rocky shorelines，sharp items and illegal campsites. If you have any questions about volunteering for the Pathway and River Cleanup，please contact 311. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了路径和河流清理项目招聘志愿者的相关信息。 1．What can volunteers choose according to their preference? A．The way to register. B．The cleanup locations. C．The rewards for their efforts. D．The length of their volunteering time. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Volunteer Registration部分中的“Volunteers may request a specific cleanup location at the time of registration.”可知，志愿者可以在注册的时候选择清理地点。故选B。 2．What is required of the volunteers for the Pathway and River Cleanup? A．They must register online. B．They must be older than 12 years old. C．They must be accompanied by a parent or guardian. D．They must be able to volunteer three hours in the three event days. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Volunteer Registration部分最后一段“Remember to register online.Registration in person is not accepted.”可知，志愿者需要在网上登记，现场登记是不被接受的。故选A。 3．What should group leaders do? A．They should have online training every three years. B．They should attend a one-hour online orientation session. C．They should offer a group member orientation training. D．They should request a specific cleanup location for the group. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Group Leaders部分中的“Conducting a group member orientation session before event day to provide safety training.”可知，组长应该举办一场小组成员培训课。故选C。 B Carnegie’s life saw him rise from an extremely poor man to America’s richest one.Carnegie once moved from job to job to get better pay and richer experience.He never accepted he could not better himself. When he was a telegraph messenger，Carnegie made sure he knew every influential businessman in Pittsburgh，where he was primarily based.He became known as a young man who was willing to work hard，trustworthy and intelligent.Carnegie’s perseverance(毅力) and carefulness paid off when he was provided with a post by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company as a secretary and telegraph operator.Promotion came quickly，and he rose to be the superintendent(主管) of the Railroad’s Western Division.With the help of Thomas A．Scot，Carnegie learned about management and controlling costs.These skills were of great value to his future business. Carnegie could take advantage of the connections he made through his business and the social events he attended.Over the next years，Carnegie took every chance to invest in railroads.He came to own ironworks，bridge companies，and steel plants.Carnegie was friends with literary figures from both Britain and the US.He valued education.It was his friendship with Enoch Pratt that created his interest in establishing free public libraries.Carnegie spent the second half of his life donating his fortune.Free libraries were an important part of it. Carnegie’s life teaches us a lot.He promoted the need for perseverance，determination，and single-mindedness.Motivate yourself in whatever way you feel happy doing.Aim to be the best you can be.Always try to be the best in everything you attempt.Success is the reward for hard work.Never believe that you do not deserve a reward for your work.There is plenty of room for successful people at the top of every field of business. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Carnegie从贫苦到成功的人生以及人们从他的人生经历中能学到的东西。 4．Which words can best describe Carnegie working as a telegraph messenger? A．Reliable，wise and hard-working. B．Skilled，respectful and learned. C．Influential，devoted and kind. D．Famous，proud and sociable. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“He became known as a young man who was willing to work hard，trustworthy and intelligent.”可知，当作为一名电报员时，卡内基被认为是努力、可靠和聪明的。故选A。 5．How did Enoch Pratt influence Carnegie? A．He offered Carnegie advice on investment. B．He helped Carnegie start a career in charity. C．He inspired Carnegie to build free public libraries. D．He introduced Carnegie to some influential businessmen. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“It was his friendship with Enoch Pratt that...free public libraries.”可知，卡内基与伊诺克·普拉特的友谊使卡内基对建立免费公共图书馆产生了兴趣，故选C。 6．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A．To show us the difficulties Carnegie overcame. B．To tell us about Carnegie’s main achievements. C．To stress Carnegie’s charming personality. D．To encourage us to learn from Carnegie. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了我们可以从卡内基身上学到的东西，所以是在鼓励我们向卡内基学习。故选D。 7．Which can be the best title for the text? A．What Carnegie’s Life Was Like B．What Carnegie’s Story Tells Us C．How Carnegie Became Successful D．How Carnegie Built His Fame 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。本文共四段，其中有三段介绍了卡内基从贫苦到成功的人生。因此，选项C“卡内基是如何成功的”可以充分概括文章内容，故选C。 C Identical twins Kathy and Sophie arrived at college last year and determined to strike out on independent paths，so they had requested rooms in different dorms.While Kathy got along well with her roommate，Sophie was miserable.She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Finally，they divided the room into two and gave up on oral communication.During this time，Sophie kept seeking comfort from Kathy.Before long，the two wanted to live together again.Sophie’s roommate eventually agreed to move out. Sophie’s ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual，but the conflict she faced is not.Most roommate conflicts spring from such small，annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract principles.One person likes quiet，while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet.One eats only organically(有机地) produced vegetables and loves animals，while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class. When personalities don’t mix，the excitement of being away at college can quickly fade away.Moreover，roommates can affect each other’s psychological health.A recent study reports that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another. Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode，finally resulting in physical violence.Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a lecture on roommate relations.Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room，including acceptable hours for study and sleep，a policy for use of each other’s possessions.Some schools try to head off the feud before it begins by using computerized matching.Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学室友之间产生冲突的原因和危害以及一些学校为了避免这种冲突而采取的措施。 8．Why is the twins’ story mentioned? A．To describe college life. B．To reveal the relationship of the twins. C．To show the love between the sisters. D．To present the phenomenon of roommate conflicts. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容及第二段第一句可推知，文章提到双胞胎的故事是为了引出室友之间存在冲突这一现象。故选D项。 9．What is the cause of most conflicts among roommates? A．They have opposite mindsets. B．They argue over serious matters. C．They differ greatly in life values. D．They hold different preferences in some way. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，大多数室友之间的冲突产生于细微的差别，而不是在抽象的原则性问题上有很大的不同。故选D项。 10．What does the underlined word “feud” in the last paragraph mean? A．Difference. B．Quarrel. C．Competition. D．Test. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。通读全文可知，文章围绕roommate conflicts展开，画线词所在句句意为“一些学校试图通过电脑配对的方法提前阻止……”，所以画线单词feud的意思应该与conflict的意思相近。故选B项。 11．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Identical twins lived together again finally in college. B．Roommate conflicts are common and some ways to avoid them in college. C．Roommate contracts are useful in solving conflicts. D．Roommate conflicts may affect students’ psychology. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第二段提到室友之间的冲突很常见，最后一段提到许多学校已经建立了冲突解决项目。由此可知，文章主要讲的是大学里室友之间的冲突很常见以及如何避免它。故选B项。 Ⅱ.七选五 Conflict(冲突) is an unavoidable part of life.So how can we save meaningful relationships after a fight with our loved ones? 1 If you are currently struggling to seek forgiveness，consider these key steps to apologize effectively. Say the words.After hours of quarreling，many people try to take courage to say “I am sorry.” To some it is almost equal to admitting defeat，and no one likes to lose. 2 Instead，they may buy flowers or offer a back rub，convinced that surely this must be enough.But is it? Words are actually quite useful. 3 It is easy to think you are the victim in a fight.We tend to minimize our own errors while overstating the mistakes of others.This is the way we rationalize (合理化) our actions in conflicts.Simply put，we make excuses.But if earning forgiveness is your final goal，then attempt to be less defensive the next time you find yourself in a fight.Stop making excuses for yourself and your behavior and own up to your actions. Ask for the chance to make up or pay for your mistakes.This gesture is even more effective if it comes at some personal cost to you.So pay for that broken window with your allowance，buy your sister a new pair of headphones after a quarrel，or offer to help your partner with extra housework after arguments. 4 Apologies do work，but be mindful that how you apologize also matters. 5 When you need more than it，extra work is needed to develop the relationship，like seeking professional advice from experts. A．Take responsibility for your own wrongdoing. B．One critical way is by learning how to apologize. C．Many people try to avoid saying those little words. D．Second，real actions should come after sweet words. E．It’s necessary to remember to avoid financial losses in a fight. F．In the end，you will be further along in the forgiveness process. G．And sometimes an apology is not enough to repair a relationship. 1．答案　B 解析　上文问到在和爱的人吵架后应该如何挽救这段关系。下文提到有一些有效道歉的方法，所以空处是回答上文的问题，B项“一个关键的方法是学习如何道歉”符合语境，故选B。 2．答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，一些人认为吵架后说“对不起”等于承认失败，结合下一句可知，这些人不想承认自己失败，他们不说“对不起”，反而通过买花或提供背部按摩来寻求原谅，C项“许多人试图避免说出这简短的几个字”符合语境，故选C。 3．答案　A 解析　空处是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句可知，本段主要讲述不要为自己的行为找借口，要勇于承担责任，A项“为自己的错误承担责任”符合语境。故选A。 4．答案　F 解析　本段第二句提到，如果付出一些个人的代价，道歉会更有效，空前一句接着列举了一些付出个人代价的实际行为，F项“最后，你会在获得原谅的过程中更进一步”承接上文，描述了这样做的效果，符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　G 解析　下文是描述道歉不起作用的情况下该怎么办，所以G项“有时候，道歉并不足以修复一段关系”引出下文，符合语境，故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$