Unit 8 Period 6 Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Period 6　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．While he was at college，he majored in agriculture，for he was interested in crops. 2．The young founder of the club is trying his best to overcome the present difficulty these days. 3．After seeing the poster(海报)，he decided to found an organization to help those in need. 4．As we all know，fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. 5．The waiter wasn’t bothered to serve the customers.Therefore，he was fired by the boss. 6．As a matter of fact，the low birth rate(率) is a major problem in many developing regions. 7．Nowadays，some young people often make a profit by delivering some goods to different flats. 8．They were talking about how to recycle the materials when something strange occurred(发生)． 9．The famous composer had many difficulties reaching his destination(目的地) before lunchtime. 10．She is an ordinary(普通的) female worker.However，she has made striking contributions to the community. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．Currently(current)，the youth often prefer to stay at home all day，playing games. 2．The organizers are against the proposal(propose)，for it can cause complex problems. 3．In many counties of that country，parking(park) is allowed only on one side of the street. 4．The speech referred to the disappearance(disappear) of many plants and animals from our planet. 5．When the two women meet in the park，they often talk about some everyday occurrences(occur)． Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他相信，如果他陷入困境，他的哥哥会帮助他。 He believes that his brother will help him out if he gets into trouble. 2．她起得很早，为的是及时到达能看到日出的地方。 She got up early so that she could reach the place where she could see the sunrise in time. 3．老人在路边等着，为的是能见到那个前几天帮助他的人。 The old man was waiting by the road，so that he could see the person who helped him the other day. 4．我们能保证，如果你愿意放弃这里的工作，你就会得到那个工作。 We can make sure that you will get that job if you are willing to give up the job here. contented adj.满意的；满足的(content n．内容；目录；容量；满足 adj.满足的；满意的vt.使满足) content oneself with...满足于……，对……感到满意 be content to do sth乐意做某事 be content with...对……感到满意 注意：contented和content都可以用作形容词表示“满意的”，content往往用作表语，而contented既可作定语又可作表语。 (1)By following the steps，mothers should be able to lead a fulfilling and contented(content) life. (2)Obviously，the old performer is content to help(help) those who are less experienced. (3)The sculptor entered the room and put the contents (content) of the bag onto the table. (4)(读后续写之心理描写)She was content with what her husband had done.Therefore，her face lit up when she saw him. 她对丈夫所做的非常满意，所以当她看到他时，她的脸上露出喜色。 occur(occurred，occurred) vi.发生；出现 •sth occurs to sb某人突然想起某事 It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事 It occurs to sb that...某人突然想到…… •表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型还有：It strikes sb that...，It hits sb that...等。 注意：occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。 (1)她突然想到她应该毫不犹豫地收养这个无家可归的孩子。 ①It hit her that she shouldn’t hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(hit) ②It struck her that she shouldn’t hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(strike) ③It occurred to her that she shouldn’t hesitate to adopt the homeless child.(occur) (2)The villagers were talking about the incident which occurred in that corner then.(用非谓语动词改写) →The villagers were talking about the incident occurring in that corner then. proposal n．提议，建议(propose vt.提议，建议；打算) •make a proposal提出建议 make a proposal that...(should) do sth建议……做某事 •propose doing sth打算/建议做某事 propose that...(should) do sth建议……做某事 It is proposed that...(should) do...有人建议…… (1)Actually，the proposal(propose) made by the organizer is quite reasonable. (2)He proposed sending(send) a few members to help the people in that region. (3)我建议我们循环利用纸张以保护森林。 ①I proposed recycling paper to protect forests.(propose doing) ②I made a proposal that we (should) recycle paper to protect forests.(proposal＋从句) ③I proposed that we (should) recycle paper to protect forests.(propose＋宾语从句) survival n．继续生存，幸存(survive vt.幸存；幸免于；比……活得长vi.幸存；活下来survivor n．幸存者) survive sth从(事故/火灾/地震等)中幸存下来 survive sb (by...)比某人活得长(……年) survive on靠……存活下来 (1)The two founders surviving(survive) the fire were sent to the nearest hospital at once. (2)They survived on some dry bread while they were trapped on the massive ocean. (3)He was the only survivor that survived the accident.However，his only chance of survival was a heart transplant.It was a pity that he didn’t survive long，and even didn’t survive his father. 他是逃过此事故的唯一幸存者。然而，只有进行心脏移植他才有机会活下去。遗憾的是他活的时间不长，甚至还不如他的父亲活得长。 determination n．决心；毅力(determine vt.确定；决定；下定决心 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的) •determine to do sth决定做某事(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事 •be determined to do sth决心做某事(表示状态) (1)I have determined on/upon studying agriculture when I graduate from college. (2)Determined(determine) to look after his parents well，he moved to live with them. (3)He was fighting against the illness with courage and determination(determine) at the time. (4)(应用文写作之演讲稿)When I heard the news about global warming，I determined to change my lifestyle. 我听到关于全球变暖的消息时，我决定改变自己的生活方式。 work through调整(情绪) work on致力于……；对……起作用；继续工作；从事于…… work out解决；算出；制定出；锻炼 work as从事……工作 (1)The old man used to work as a clerk，and later he turned into a master in that field. (2)The boy was so clever that he was the only student to work out the difficult problem. (3)I shall work on that project from next week，and being a professional person，could you help me? (4)It’s natural that a person who loses his family needs time to work through his sorrow. 一个失去家庭的人需要时间来平复悲伤，这是很自然的。 come up with想出，想到 come up走近；上升；被提出 come on快点；加油；来吧 come across遇见；(偶然)发现 When it comes to...当谈及……，当提到…… 用come短语完成下面的语段 (应用文写作之建议信)When it comes to English learning，I have some practical suggestions to share.Firstly，when you come across unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers’ questions come up in class，you should try to come up with answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“Come on！” 当谈及英语学习，我有一些实用的建议想要分享。首先，当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，不要总是查词典。另外，当老师在课堂上提出问题时，你应当试着想出答案。最后，如果你失败了，你必须告诉你自己“加油！” tracking n．跟踪(track v．追踪n.轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道) •tracking system追踪系统 •track down追踪到；追查到 •be on the right track思路正确 keep track of了解……的动态 get off the track偏离正题 (1)As far as I’m concerned，the young man is on the right track and we should offer him a chance. (2)The police have so far failed to track down the attacker，which worries the residents. (3)The police kept track of the kidnapper using electronic equipment. 警方利用电子设备跟踪绑架者。 (4)The speaker has got off the track and some audience got a little impatient. 演讲者偏离了正题，一些观众开始不耐烦了。 so that引导目的状语从句 教材原句　People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。(P36) •句中so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。 •so that还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。 注意：当so that引导目的状语从句时可以转换成so as to或in order to结构，但其后需要接动词原形，而不再是从句结构。 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it. (2)他们努力工作，以便能在展览中取得成功。 ①They worked hard so that they might succeed in the exhibition. ②They worked hard in order that they might succeed in the exhibition. ③They worked hard in order to/so as to succeed in the exhibition. Ⅰ.一词多义 current A.n.潮流　B.adj.通用的　C.adj.当前的，现时的　D.n.电流；水流；气流 1．Some birds use warm air currents to help them fly. D 2．We can make a proper plan according to their current language skills. C 3．The old man tries to go with the current of the times. A 4．Could you tell me something about the current money in that country? B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．But the helicopter didn’t come back again，and the day became darker.The slim hope in Jane’s eyes faded away.微小的 2．After struggling for many years，the youth found the path to success.途径 3．It is said that the new policy will profit the old people in this center.对……有利 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Currently(current)，the company hardly makes a profit as a result of poor management. 2．We see it most often in businesses where the founder(found) is still in charge. 3．If I were slimmer(slim)，more beautiful and more clever，I would be more contented. 4．Thanks to the help of the PLA men，the residents stuck in the flood were saved. 5．She was caught cheating in the exam and therefore she was punished by her teacher. 6．My parents are content to live(live) in the small county，where many goods are so cheap. 7．You are supposed to work through current difficulties if you want to make a healthy profit. 8．What’s more，years of experience of being a monitor makes me a brilliant organiser(organise)． 9．To improve your oral English，you ought to read one of the English articles every day at any rate. 10．It is reported that something unexpected came up in the regional(region) election last week. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I’m sure that my son has the determination to make his dream come true. 2．You’d better give up that stupid plan when the organizers are both against it. 3. Therefore，it is urgent that we (should) find a way to bring their argument to an end. 4．Honestly speaking，it’s her father’s words that helped her work through her shyness. 5．I will express my thanks to the boy who has come up with such a wonderful plan. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——谈论骑自行车) 1．现在，汽车已经成为一种受欢迎的交通工具。(currently；transport) Currently，cars have become a popular means of transport. 2．汽车的使用导致了空气污染，这和全球变暖是有直接关系的。(result in；global) The use of cars has resulted in air pollution and it is directly related to global warming. 3．因此，一些人想出一个建议：我们骑自行车上班。(therefore；come up with；proposal) Therefore，some people came up with a proposal that we (should) go to work by bike. 4．一些组织者在一些区域张贴海报来建议市民使用自行车。(organizer；region；poster) Some organizers put up some posters in some regions to advise the citizens to use a bike. 5．他们做这些事情不是为了利益，而是为了人类的生存。(profit；survival) They did these things not for a profit，but for the survival of human beings. Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2023·四川成都高一期末) Kenya has been at the forefront(前沿) of the global war on plastic since the government banned single-use plastics in protected areas in June 2020.Unfortunately，the preventive measures have barely received attention.Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.However，if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way，the unsightly plastic heaps will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The material engineer’s seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017.She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother’s backyard.It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them.But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up. She says，“I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution.But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical，sustainable，and affordable.The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company produces over 1,500 bricks a day.The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is mixed with sand，heated at very high temperatures，and compressed(压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness.The resulting product is stronger，lighter，and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks.More importantly，it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic.“There is that waste they cannot process anymore；they cannot recycle.That is what we get，” Matee says. Matee is not nearly done.Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings.She says，“The more we recycle the plastic，the more we produce affordable housing，the more we created more employment for the youth.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee通过自己的努力，创造性地解决塑料垃圾污染的问题。 1．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply? A．Matee’s method can be effective if adopted. B．Matee’s idea has been widely accepted. C．Colorful bricks are in huge demand. D．Plastic waste hasn’t attracted enough attention. 答案　A 解析　句意理解题。根据画线句子前However可知，这句话的意思与前面内容为转折关系。前句讲政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果，大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场，画线句子的意思与其相反，应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。故选A。 2．Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee? A．Generous and ambitious. B．Confident and grateful. C．Creative and resolved. D．Optimistic and modest. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up.”可知，Matee对自己的想法绝不会放弃，说明她很有决心；根据第三段第三句可知，她认为最好的方法是将废弃物引入建筑空间，这种想法很有创造性。由以上内容可知，Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。故选C。 3．What is Nzambi Matee’s ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic products? A．To build cheaper houses. B．To support the government. C．To create job opportunities. D．To tackle plastic pollution. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，将塑料产品的混合物做成铺路砖最终目的是解决塑料污染问题。故选D。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Kenya：Pioneer in Banning Single-use Plastics B．Nzambi Matee：Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste C．Mix of Plastic Products：A New Construction Material D．Plastic Recycling：A Creative Solution to Pollution 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句及第三段可知，Matee认为解决问题的方法必须具备实用性、持续性以及负担得起，因此提出将塑料垃圾转换到建筑空间之中的想法。B项“Nzambi Matee：解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者”符合文章主题。故选B。 Ⅴ.完形填空 I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds.Our guide，Carlos， 1 us through the thick trees and plants until we reached a 2 where we could spot the birds we were looking for.We waited 3 ，hoping to catch a glimpse of the rare creatures. 4 ，Carlos gave us a signal and pointed to a 5 nearby.We could hardly see anything，but Carlos had 6 one of the rare birds we were searching for. Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头) until we could see the bird 7 .We watched in awe(惊叹) as the bird flew from branch to branch，seemingly 8 by our presence.It was a beautiful sight to 9 .After a few minutes，the bird 10 ，and we continued our hike，excited by the 11 . Bird-watching in the rainforest was a 12 and patience-testing activity，but it was worth it for the unique and unforgettable experience.It was unbelievable to see the 13 of bird species in the jungle and appreciate their beauty up close.Carlos was an excellent guide who shared his knowledge and 14 for the environment with us.I would recommend this activity to anyone who loves nature and wants to 15 the wonders of the rainforest. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者前往热带雨林，在导游的带领下，目睹了雨林奇观的经历。 1．A.led B．helped C．pulled D．drove 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Our guide，Carlos”可知，Carlos是作者的导游，由此推断，Carlos带领作者他们穿过茂密的树木和植物。故选A。 2．A.trap B．clearing C．source D．farm 答案　B 解析　根据上文“I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds.”可知，作者是去观鸟，所以导游是带领他们来到了可以观鸟的地方。clearing林中空地。故选B。 3．A.in despair B．in silence C．with pride D．with relief 答案　B 解析　in despair绝望地；in silence寂静地；with pride自豪地；with relief放松地。根据上文“I went on a bird-watching hike in the South American rainforest to see some rare birds.”可知，作者是去观鸟的，所以应该是静静地等待。故选B。 4．A.Confusingly B．Curiously C．Undoubtedly D．Suddenly 答案　D 解析　confusingly令人困惑地；curiously好奇地；undoubtedly毫无疑问地；suddenly突然。根据上文可知，作者是在等待着观鸟。而下文“Carlos gave us a signal and pointed to nearby”则讲的是Carlos给了作者一个信号，所以是突然给了一个信号。故选D。 5．A.rock B．cave C．tree D．stream 答案　C 解析　根据下文“We watched in awe(惊叹) as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，鸟是在树枝上飞来飞去，所以导游是指着附近的一棵树。故选C。 6．A.spotted B．attacked C．caught D．saved 答案　A 解析　spot发现；attack袭击；catch抓住；save挽救。根据下文“Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头) until we could see the bird”可知，导游Carlos已经发现了鸟。故选A。 7．A.regularly B．personally C．clearly D．briefly 答案　C 解析　regularly定期地；personally私人地；clearly清晰地；briefly简短地。根据上文“Carlos set up his telescope and adjusted the lens(镜头)”可知，Carlos架起望远镜，调整镜头，根据常理推测，Carlos这样做是为了让作者等人能够清楚看到那只鸟。故选C。 8．A.amazed B．frightened C．unaffected D．unhurt 答案　C 解析　amazed感到惊叹的；frightened害怕的；unaffected不受影响的；unhurt没有受伤的。根据上文“We watched in awe(惊叹) as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，鸟非常活跃，再根据上文可知，作者他们静静地在看鸟，所以鸟并没有受到影响。故选C。 9．A.take in B．hunt for C．stir up D．refer to 答案　A 解析　take in吸收，看到；hunt for搜寻；stir up激起；refer to提及，参考。根据上文“We watched in awe(惊叹) as the bird flew from branch to branch”可知，这是作者他们看到的美丽景色。故选A。 10．A.tripped over B．showed up C．turned back D．flew away 答案　D 解析　trip over绊倒；show up出现；turn back转身，拒绝；fly away飞走。根据下文“we continued our hike”可知，作者他们继续徒步旅行，由此判断，鸟是飞走了。故选D。 11．A.attempt B．performance C．impact D．experience 答案　D 解析　attempt试图；performance表演；impact影响；experience经历，经验。根据下文“but it was worth it for the unique and unforgettable experience”可知，作者他们虽然继续徒步，心中却还是对这次经历感到兴奋。故选D。 12．A.striking B．challenging C．worthwhile D．beneficial 答案　B 解析　striking显著的；challenging具有挑战性的；worthwhile值得的；beneficial有益的。根据空后的“patience-testing”可知，观鸟需要耐心，再根据上文可知，观鸟是有挑战性的。故选B。 13．A.diversity B．mystery C．mission D．origin 答案　A 解析　diversity多样性；mystery神秘；mission任务；origin起源。根据上文内容可知，作者特意来雨林观鸟，并看到了许多罕见的鸟类，所以空处指的是作者看到了鸟类的多样性。故选A。 14．A.patience B．energy C．passion D．intention 答案　C 解析　patience耐心；energy能量；passion热情；intention目的。根据上文可知，Carlos非常擅长寻找鸟，所以他对于环境是很有热情的。故选C。 15．A.show B．promote C．create D．witness 答案　D 解析　根据上文可知，作者是前往雨林亲自观鸟，所以对作者而言，是见证了雨林的奇观。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 When bicycle-sharing company oBike pulled out of Singapore last year，leaving the city with 1. (desert) bicycles，Myanmar businessman Mike Than 2. (see) the perfect opportunity to turn waste into treasure.“What 3. these bicycles could be given to poor students in villages so they could cycle to school？” he thought. With that，he started a movement called Lesswalk with the purpose of buying bicycles from bike-sharing firms oBike and Ofo—4. have stopped operations in Singapore—and shipping the bicycles to Yangon.He planned to modify(改装) the bicycles before giving them to teenagers and families 5. (live) in villages.Over the last three months，Mike Than 6._________(buy) 10,000 bicycles.Of these，most are unused bicycles from Ofo and oBike. He planned to modify the bicycles so that they could 7. (well) suit the needs of the children in villages.“For people who live in villages，most of the time they ride around with their little brother and sister.I’m planning to add 8. extra seat at the back，so that they can go to school together.I might have to spend more money，but it is better to help some people enjoy the 9. (convenient) of these bikes rather than leave them 10. (go) to waste，” he said. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了缅甸商人Mike Than购买废弃的共享单车，再把这些自行车改装后送给农村的贫困学生，让他们骑车上学的事情。 1．答案　deserted 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语，并且bicycles 与desert之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作前置定语。故填deserted。 2．答案　saw 解析　考查动词时态。根据上文last year可知，应用一般过去时。故填saw。 3．答案　if 解析　考查连词。句意：他想：“如果把这些自行车发给农村的贫困学生，让他们骑车上学，会怎么样？”What if...？如果……会怎样？故填if。 4．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词bike-sharing firms oBike and Ofo，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．答案　living 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，live在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语teenagers and families构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填living。 6．答案　has bought 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上文“Over the last three months”可知应用现在完成时，主语为Mike Than，助动词用has。故填has bought。 7．答案　better 解析　考查比较级。结合句意表示“更好地”，应用well的比较级better。故填better。 8．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。seat为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且extra是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 9．答案　convenience 解析　考查词性转换。冠词后应接名词，convenience表抽象概念不可数。故填convenience。 10．答案　going 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是“leave ＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处的them与go之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补，表示主动。故填going。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$