Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 核心知识点精讲精练 3(Section B)-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 单元核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. there be 有，存在 2. too many 太多 3. *make one’s/the bed 铺床；整理床铺 4. hurry to school 匆忙去学校 5. finish my homework 完成我的作业 6. be late for 迟到 7. use my phone 使用我的手机 8. in class 在课堂上 9. wear the uniform 10. play basketball 穿校服 打篮球 11. practise the piano 练钢琴 12. *hang out 闲逛；常去某处 13. on weekdays 在工作日 14. become a better person 成为一个更好的人 15. show respect for 表示尊敬，尊重 16. *focus on 专注于 17. build school spirit 培养学校精神；塑造校风 18. *think about 思考，考虑 19. at weekends 在周末 20. make the world better 让世界变得更好 21. every day 每天 22. get untidy 变得不整洁 23. my own clothes 我自己的衣服(one’s own 某人自己的) 24. walk the dog 遛狗，带狗散步 25. lots of other things 许多其他事情 26. have fun 玩得开心 27. take care of 照顾 28. get along well(with sb.) (与某人)和睦相处 29. use bad word 使用脏话 30. fight with... 与...打架/吵架 31. ask for help 寻求帮助 32. be kind to 对(某人)友善 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj.不快乐的 [词汇拓展] unhappily(adv.)不快乐地；unhappiness(n.)不高兴，不满意 happy (adj.)快乐的，高兴的；happily(adv.)高兴地；happiness(n.)高兴，愉快 [词汇搭配] look unhappy看起来不高兴；be unhappy about/with对...不悦的，对...不满意的 [词汇例句] If my room is untidy, my mum will be unhappy. 如果我的房间不整洁，我妈妈会不高兴。 [随学随练] 用unhappy的适当形式填空。 (1) He says violin music can relax him and make him . (2) “I lost my new dictionary”, the boy said . (3) The sweets bring the boy much . He loves eating them. (4) The boy was late for school. The teacher was . (5) The story is interesting. The girls laugh . 2. hurry /ˈhʌri/ v.匆忙；仓促；催促(某人)；n. 匆忙 [词汇变形] <过去式> hurried [词汇搭配] hurry to school 匆忙到学校；hurry to do匆忙做某事 hurry sb. into doing sth.催促某人做某事；hurry up(with sth.)赶快，急忙（做某事） in a hurry 赶快；匆忙；in no hurry 有足够的时间，不着急 [词汇例句] You'll have to hurry if you want to catch that train.如果你想赶上那趟火车得抓紧时间了。 Take your time─there's no hurry.悠着点——不用急。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I don’t know why he left ________ without any words this morning. —Maybe he had something important to do. A．in a hurry B．in surprise C．in fear D．in danger 3. *either /ˈaɪðə(r); ˈiːðə(r)/ adv.也(用于否定词组后)；(conj.)或者，要么；pron. 两个中的任何一个 [词汇拓展] neither (pron.)两个都不；(adv.)也不 [词汇搭配] either…or… 要么…要么…;或者…或者… [词汇例句] You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 · either可以作连词，表示“或者，要么”。either...or...可以表示对两种事物的选择。当either...or...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要与or后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 Either you or your sister has to stay at home. 要么你，要么你妹妹必须待在家里。 · You can either play soccer or watch TV. 你要么踢足球，要么看电视。 · either可以作副词，用在否定句末，表示“也”。 Marry doesn’t like apples. I don’t like them, either. 玛丽不喜欢苹果。我也不喜欢它们。 · either可以作代词，表示两者中的任意一个。 Here are two model planes. You can take either. 这有两个飞机模型。你可以拿任何一个。 [词汇辨析] · also通常置于实义动词之前或be动词，情态动词之后，also通常不置于句末。 I buy some apples, and I also buy some strawberries. 我买了一些苹果，我也买了一些草莓。 · too表示“也”，用于肯定句末，其前可加逗号，也可以没有逗号。too还可以表示“太...” ‘I’m going home now.’ ‘I’ll come too.’ “现在我要回家了。”“我也一起走。” He eat too much ice-cream. 他吃了太多的冰激凌。 · either表示“也”，用于否定句末，其前必须有逗号隔开。 He doesn’t have a dictionary. I don’t have one, either. 他没有词典。我也没有。 [随学随练] 单项选择。 (1) —We don’t have ________ rules at home. What about you, Lily? —I don’t, ________. A．much; too B．much; either C．many; too D．many; either (2) —Dad, I think _______ you ________ my mother cleans my room. It is so clean now. —________ of us did it. Your sister did it A．either, or, neither B．neither, nor, either C．both, and, both 4. *practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v.训练；练习 [词汇拓展] practice (n.)练习 [词汇搭配] practise the violin 练习小提琴；practise doing...练习做某事 [词汇例句] She's practising for her piano exam. 她在练习准备钢琴考试。 5. *hang /hæŋ/ v.悬挂；垂下，使低垂 [词汇拓展] <过去式>hung [词汇搭配] hang out闲逛；常去某处；hang over sb使忧心忡忡；担心可能发生 hang on 抓紧；等一下，停一下；别挂电话，等一下；hang up挂断电话 hang balloons and lanterns悬挂气球和灯笼； [词汇例句] Her hair hung down to her waist.她的长发垂及腰际。 Hang on─I'm not quite ready.请稍候——我还没准备好呢。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Can you ________ with me this Saturday? —Sure! Catch you then! A．hang up B．hang out C．put up put out 6. *awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj.糟糕的 [词汇拓展] awfully(adv.)糟糕地；awfulness (n.)糟糕 [词汇搭配] an awful colour很难看的颜色；feel awful感到很糟糕 [词汇例句] I feel awful about forgetting her birthday.我忘了她的生日，感到很难过。 [随学随练] 单项填空。  What ________ awful day! I was late because of the busy traffic and I lost my key. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 7. *become /bɪˈkʌm/v.成为 [词汇拓展] <过去式>became；<动词-ing>becoming [词汇搭配] become a better person成为一个更好的人 [词汇用法] · become是一个系动词，表示“变化”，后常跟形容词或名词作表语。 Chengdu is becoming more and more beautiful. 成都正在变得越来越漂亮。 He became a doctor after he moved to the city. 他搬到城里后成了一名医生。 · 常见的表示“变化”的系动词有：turn; get; go; grow 等。 His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。 The food goes bad easily in summer. 夏天食物容易变质。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Too much work and too little rest (休息)will make it easy for you to become ________. A．unhealthily B．health C．healthy D．unhealthy 8. *better /ˈbetə(r)/ adj.较好；adv.较好地 [词汇拓展] good (adj.)好的；well (adv.) 好地 [词汇搭配] better and better越来越好；be better off 有较多钱；比较宽裕 had better (not) do...最好(不)做，应该(不)做 [词汇例句] Families will be better off under the new law. 新法律会使家庭经济宽裕一些。 [词汇用法] better是good或well的比较级。在两者进行比较时，用形容词或副词的比较级形式。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You’d better ________ some popcorn(爆米花) or soft drinks before the film begins. —But I think it’s better ________ anything while watching the film. A．buy; not to have B．to buy; not to have C．to buy; to have D．buy; to have 9. *person /ˈpɜːsn/ n.人 [词汇拓展] people (n.) 人；personal (adj.)个人的，私人的；personality(n.)个性 [词汇搭配] in person 亲自；first/second/third person第一/第二/第三人称 [词汇例句] He's just the person we need for the job. 他正是我们需要的适合这项工作的人。 [词汇辨析] person / people / human · person和people指“人”，human指“人类”。 · people是集合名词，表示复数概念。表示“一个人”，不用one people，而用a/one person。当表示两个以上的人时，可用 people，如“三个人”，可以说three people。 · person泛指 man，woman 或 child 中的任何一个，其复数形式是 persons，但人们习惯用 people 代替persons。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Daniel is a ________ with a strong ________. He never asks others for advice on his ________ business(事情). A．personal; personality; person B．person; personal; personality C．person; personality; personal D．personality; person; personal 10. show /ʃəʊ/ (v.)表明；展示；向...演示；带，领(某人到某处)；展览，陈列；(n.)演出；节目；展览 [词汇搭配] show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看；向某人演示某物 show sb. to+(地点) 带/领某人去某处；show sb. around 带某人四处参观 show up出现，露面；show off 炫耀；on show 在展览 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中show的中文意思。 · My aunt shows me how to cut(切) the chicken. · He always watches the TV show. · Let me show you to my study. · Many computers are on show. · The teacher shows the students the map. · Studies show that 20% of the girls don’t exercise at all. 11. *focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.集中(注意力、精力等)；n.焦点 [词汇拓展] focused(adj.)注意力集中的；目标明确的 [词汇搭配] focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 [词汇例句] Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.每个练习各有不同的语法重点。 12. *build /bɪld/ v.创建；建造；n. 体形，体格 [词汇拓展] <过去式> built； building(n.)建造；建筑物 [词汇搭配] build school spirit 培养学校精神；塑造校风；build up 加大；加强；增多 build sb. up 增强体质；be of medium build中等身材 [词汇例句] Robins build nests almost anywhere. 知更鸟几乎随处筑巢。 We want to build a better life.我们想创造更美好的生活。 13. *spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n.精神；情绪；勇气，意志 [词汇拓展] spiritual (adj.)精神的；心灵的 [词汇搭配] in high/low spirits 情绪高/情绪低落；fighting spirit斗志；战斗精神 raise sb's spirits使振奋；使鼓起勇气 [词汇例句] You must try and keep your spirits up. 你必须设法保持高昂的情绪。 14. *relax /rɪˈlæks/ v. 放松，休息 [词汇拓展] <三单>relaxes；relaxed(adj.)放松的；relaxing(adj.)令人放松的；relaxation(n.)放松 [词汇例句] I'm going to spend the weekend just relaxing. 这个周末，我什么也不干，就是休息。 [随学随练] 用relax的适当形式填空。 (1) Listening to music can help you . (2) I love listening to music because it can make me feel . (3) Diet(节食) and are two important keys to good health. (4) Tony likes swimming and he thinks it’s the most of all sports. 15. world /wɜ:ld/ n. 世界 [词汇搭配] make the world better 使世界更美好； all over / around the world 世界各地 [词汇例句] It's a beautiful part of the world... 这是世界上很美的一个地区。 16. *advice/ədˈvaɪs/ n.建议；意见 [词汇拓展] advise (v.)建议；suggest (v.)建议；suggestion(n.)建议 [词汇搭配] follow sb’s advice 遵从某人的建议 ask sb. for advice=turn to sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议 give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 [词汇用法] · advice是不可数名词。表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice。 Let me give you a piece of advice .让我给你一个忠告。 · suggestion是可数名词。“一些建议”可以说some suggestions；也可以说some advice。 · 动词advise/suggest常用于以下搭配： advise/suggest doing...建议做某事；advise sb. to do建议某人做某事(不可以用suggest sb. to do) Police are advising people to stay at home.警方告诫民众要留在家里。 [词汇用法] 单项填空。 (1) Can you give me ________ on what to wear to the party, Sandy? A．an advice B．some advice C．some advices D．any advices (2) The teacher advised me ________ the chess club. A．join B．joined C．joining D．to join 17. *understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v.理解；领会 [词汇拓展] <过去式> understood ；understanding (n.)理解，领悟；(adj.)善解人意的； misunderstand(v.)误解 [词汇搭配] understand rules 理解规则 [词汇例句] Can you understand French? 你懂法语吗？ 18. *untidy /ʌnˈtaɪdi/ adj.不整洁的 [词汇拓展] tidy (adj.)整洁的；untidily (adv.)不整洁地；untidiness (n.)不整洁 [词汇搭配] get untidy 变得不整洁；untidy hair蓬乱的头发 [词汇例句] The place quickly became untidy. 这地方很快变得凌乱不堪。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 重点句型 (1) 描述规则的句型 · Every morning,I have to make my bed before breakfast. 每天早上，我必须在早餐前整理床铺。 · I have to hurry to school because can't be late for school. 我得赶紧去学校，因为上学不能迟到。 · When I'm at school, I mustn’t use my phone in class either. 当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上使用手机。 · And I have to wear the uniform.我还得穿制服。 · I have to finish my homework first.我得先完成作业。 · I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我只能在练习钢琴后打篮球。 · I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays.我不能在工作日和我的朋友出去玩， 谈论规则时，常用情态动词have to,must/mustn’t等描述。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 每天早上，我得读二十分钟英语。 (2) 我们禁止把手机带到教室。 (3) 我只能在写完作业后才能看电话。 (2) 谈论规则重要性(规则有帮助)的句型 · They can help you to become a better person.它们（规则）可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 · Rules can help to make the world better.规则可以让世界变得更美好。 2. 其他句型解析 · (教材原句 P14 )There are too many rules in my life！我的生活中有太多的规则！ 这是一个there be句型，表示“存在，有”。其中be动词与紧跟be动词之后的名词单复数保持一致。be动词后的第一个名词是复数名词，be动词用are；be动词后的第一个名词是单数名词或不可数名词，be动词用is。 例如：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 There are many books in the bag. 包里有很多书。 There is a pen and two erasers on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两块橡皮。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 路上有一些汽车。 (2) 我们学校有各种各样的社团。 (3) 课桌里有一本英语书和几本笔记本。 · (教材原句 P14 )When I'm at school, I mustn’t use my phone in class either. 当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上。 这是一个复合句，其中when I’m at school是when引导的时间状语从句，表示后面主句动作发生的时间。when表示“当...时”。 例如：When I’m in trouble, my friends come to help us. 当我有困难时，我的朋友们回来帮我。 · (教材原句 P14 )I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只能在我练习钢琴之后打篮球。 这是一个复合句，其中after I practise the piano是after引导的一个时间状语从句。after表示“在...之后”。 例如：After he finished his homework, he played soccer with his friends. 在他完成作业之后，他和他的朋友们踢足球了。 · (教材原句 P14 )You have to wear uniforms because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为这能树立学校精神。 这是一个复合句，其中 because it builds school spirit是有because引导的原因状语从句。because表示“因为”。 例如：I can’t play basketball with you because I have to look after my sister. 我不能和你打篮球，因为我得照顾我妹妹。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 太阳升起时，东方的天空变成了橙色。 (2) 在我吃完早饭后，我得匆忙赶到学校。 (3) 遵守规则很重要，因为它们(规则)可以帮我们成为更好的人。 · (教材原句 P15 )I know it can be difficult to follow many rules. 我知道遵守很多规则时很难的。 此句中it can be difficult to follow many rules是一个常用的句型：it +be+adj.+to do sth. 意为“做某事是...样的”。 这个句型中还可以添加for sb.变为：it +be+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 意为“对某人来说，做某事是...样的”，此时，形容词是修饰事物的形容词，如important, difficult, necessary等。 例如：It is difficult for me to finish this task in one day.我在一天内完成这项任务是困难的。 这个句型中还可以添加of sb.变为：it +be+adj.+of sb. to do sth. 意为“某人做某事是...样的”，此时，形容词是修饰人物的形容词，如kind, nice,polite,careful等。 例如：It is kind of you to help me with my homework.你帮我做作业真是太善良了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 对我们来说，保护动物是非常重要的。 (2) 犯了这么多错误，你真实太粗心了。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Every morning, I (铺床)to keep my room tidy. (2) If you want to speak English (较好地), you need to (练习) more. (3) On weekends, I like t (闲逛) with my friends at the park. (4) She has a lot of homework to do (在工作日). (5) The weather was (糟糕的), so we stayed inside all day. (6) She hopes to (成为) a doctor when she grows up. (7) He is a kind (人) and always helps others. (8) When you study, you need to (集中注意力) your work and not get distracted(分心). (9) He likes to (建造) models of airplanes in his free time. (10) She has a strong (精神) and never gives up. (11) I need to (思考)what I want to do for my summer vacation. (12) After a long day at school, I like to (放松) by watching TV. (13) My teacher gave me some good (建议) on how to study better. (14) I didn't (理解) the math problem, so I asked the teacher for help. (15) His room was (不整洁的), so he had to clean it before his friends came over. (16) She always (匆忙) in the morning to catch the school bus. (17) She likes to wear colorful (衣服) to school. (18) She wants to travel (世界各地) when she is older. (19) They are nice. They always (表示尊重) our feelings. (20) You can feel good about taking action to (使世界更好). 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) He feels (happy) because he lost his favorite toy. (2) The little boy makes (he)bed every morning. (3) We often practise (tell) English stories at the English corner. (4) I never hang out my friends at night. (5) Do you know the two boy students beside the teaching (build)?  (6) Th (relax) activity makes lots of people (relax) when they are tired. (7) —Mr. Green is an expert in education, so many students ask him for help. —I think he is also an (understand)teacher. (8) —Would you like to come to my birthday party? —I’d love to,  I have to look after my little sister. (9) I have to  (finish) my science project first. (10) Enough sleep is necessary for our health, so we mustn't (stay) up late. (11) You must go to school early. Don’t be late school again. (12) The cat didn’t want to let the bird (fly) away, so it climbed up the tree quickly. (13) My English teacher (advice) me to watch more English movies to improve my listening skills. (14) It is helpful for us (read) English in the morning. (15) Yesterday morning, my dad got up at 6:30 and hurried his work. 3. 单项填空。 (1) It’s awful of them to say bad things about her behind her back. A．absent B．awful C．untidy D．polite (2) —How many people are there in your family? —There are ________. A．three people B．three person C．three peoples D．three’s people (3) Peter can’t go to watch the football match and I can’t ______. A．too B．either C．also D．neither (4) —Could you give us ________ on learning math? —Sure. I’m glad to do that. A．a advice B．an advice C．some advice D．some advices (5) My mother eats little after 8 p.m. ________ she thinks it is healthy. A．so B．when C．before D．because (6) Many children in the earthquake(地震) lost their schools. But we all believe that things will get better because so many people ______ them. A．care about B．worry about C．talk about D．think about (7) —Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday? —I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister. A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．must; can (8) Keep quiet! You ________ talk loudly in the library and you ________ obey the rules. A．mustn't; should B．needn't; can't C．should; may D．must; can't (9) —The boy lives a happy life, and we can hear him laugh from time to time. —Laughing can make us ________. A．relaxes B．relaxed C．to relax D．relaxing (10) Mary didn’t ________ the rules of the game so Mr. Brown explained (解释)them to her carefully. A．practice B．become C．understand D．lend 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) Eric在家里和在学校都要遵守很多规则，Eric感到不高兴，请你从规则的重要性方面给他提一些建议： (2) 在家里，爸爸妈妈会为我们制定一些规则，试着用英文写几条你家中的规则。 2. 阅读理解 A Family rules help children learn what is and isn’t OK in the family. Following them can help children learn to follow rules in other places, so it’s not good to make rules too late. Good family rules are easy for children to understand. One day, on the way home from school, my mom tells me she is going to make some new rules for me, my brothers and sisters. Before this, we know she wants us to be good, but we really don’t have any rules. Well, Mom cares about that. On Sunday she starts giving us some rules. Clean your rooms every other day. Be ready for dinner at 7:00 p.m. That means sitting at the table with clean hands. If Mom is having a meeting in the house, be very quiet. That means turning down the music and the TV. Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. and get up at 7:30 a.m. to prepare for school. Take out the rubbish on Monday morning before school. Clean the bathroom on Friday. Following these rules isn’t too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. At other times, it can be tough. For example, if your room is really dirty and you can’t finish cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, along with something else you have to do. That isn’t easy. Mom makes these rules because she loves us a lot. She wants us to learn how to be on time, be clean and tidy and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules. These rules help make our family warm and happy. I feel lucky to grow up in such a great family. 1. What should the children do according to the new rules? ①Clean their rooms every day.                           ②Never watch TV again. ③Wash hands before dinner.                              ④Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 2. What should the children do on Friday? A．They should have a family meeting. B．They should look after sisters and brothers. C．They should take out the rubbish. D．They should clean the bathroom. 3. What does the underlined word “tough” mean? A．Difficult. B．Interesting. C．Relaxing. D．Boring. 4. Which of the following is true? A．They get up at half past six every day. B．Rules help them be clean and on time. C．There are four people in the writer’s family. D．They eat dinner at 6:00 p.m. 5. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． B 阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。（1～4题每题答案不超过3个单词， 5题须用完整句子回答） As a student, we have different kinds of rules in our school. We should first understand these rules and then we can really follow them. For example, students cannot bring food into the classroom, because our classroom is a place for study, not for eating. The food left may make our classroom dirty. Running is also not allowed (允许) in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous because we may get hurt. So please don’t run in the classroom. We can’t listen to music in the classroom, because we need a quiet place for study. Listening to music may disturb (打扰) others. We have to wear the school uniform on weekdays. Although our school uniform might not look very beautiful, it can make us do all kinds of sports easily. It is good for our health. We can focus on schoolwork more when we wear uniforms. Rules play an important role in our whole life. So we need to follow them. 1. There are ________ rules in the passage. 2. Running is also not allowed in the classroom, because it’s ________. 3. We can’t listen to music in the classroom, because it may ________. 4. When we wear uniforms, we can ________ more. 5. Do we need to follow the rules? Why? ________________________________________________________ 3. 完形填空 Harry is a boy from the USA. He is the only child of his parents, but his mother is ___1____ with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework (家务) such as (例如) cleaning the room, doing the ___2____ and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t need to do housework. Harry feels terrible and wants to ___3_____the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for an hour after school, and he gets home ____4____. Harry’s mother worries about him and scolds (责备) him after he ___5_____ home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! ____6____ do you make so many rules for me?” Don’t you know I make the rules to ____7____ you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am ____8____,” his mother says. ____9____ hearing his mother’s words, Harry says sorry to his mother. And he learns to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to ____10____ their love to us. 1.A．important B．strict C．friendly D．afraid 2.A．uniforms B．kitchen C．dishes D．exercise 3.A．talk about B．write down C．think of D．ask for 4.A．early B．quietly C．luckily D．late 5.A．leaves B．saves C．arrives D．misses 6.A．Why B．What C．How D．When 7.A．stop B．help C．follow D．feel 8.A．beautiful B．relaxed C．scary D．busy 9.A．Before B．Between C．Over D．After 10.A．remember B．use C．show D．forget 4. 语篇填空 A 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词。 There are too many rules in my family. I have to get     1     and make my bed at 6: 00 a.m. After breakfast, I need to do the dishes. After that, I run to school because I can’t be late. At school, we have more rules — don’t     2     noisy, don’t eat in class... After school, I can’t play basketball     3     I must do my homework first. I can play it only     4     weekends. After diner, I can’t relax, either. I must read     5     book before watching TV. And I have to go to bed before 10: 00! B 阅读下面短文，根据所给首字母，上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。每个空只能填一个词。 I’m Bob and I’m a student of No. 2 Middle School. We have many r    1     in our school. I think some of them are good for us, but o    2     are not so good. We have to wear our school     3     (uniform). I think it’s good. If we don’t have this rule, some students will w    4     expensive clothes. They will think more about clothes, but not study. We can’t be l    5     for school and we have to listen to the teacher in class. All of these rules are good for our study and I like them. We     6     (can) take mobile phones (手机) to school. I don’t think it’s a good idea. S    7     our parents are busy and can’t get home on time. They n    8     to tell us about that. If we can’t take phones, how can they tell     9     (we)? Also, we can’t go to the movies on weekends. I know we should study hard, but we need some time to relax     10    . 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 单元核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. there be 有，存在 2. too many 太多 3. *make one’s/the bed 铺床；整理床铺 4. hurry to school 匆忙去学校 5. finish my homework 完成我的作业 6. be late for 迟到 7. use my phone 使用我的手机 8. in class 在课堂上 9. wear the uniform 10. play basketball 穿校服 打篮球 11. practise the piano 练钢琴 12. *hang out 闲逛；常去某处 13. on weekdays 在工作日 14. become a better person 成为一个更好的人 15. show respect for 表示尊敬，尊重 16. *focus on 专注于 17. build school spirit 培养学校精神；塑造校风 18. *think about 思考，考虑 19. at weekends 在周末 20. make the world better 让世界变得更好 21. every day 每天 22. get untidy 变得不整洁 23. my own clothes 我自己的衣服(one’s own 某人自己的) 24. walk the dog 遛狗，带狗散步 25. lots of other things 许多其他事情 26. have fun 玩得开心 27. take care of 照顾 28. get along well(with sb.) (与某人)和睦相处 29. use bad word 使用脏话 30. fight with... 与...打架/吵架 31. ask for help 寻求帮助 32. be kind to 对(某人)友善 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj.不快乐的 [词汇拓展] unhappily(adv.)不快乐地；unhappiness(n.)不高兴，不满意 happy (adj.)快乐的，高兴的；happily(adv.)高兴地；happiness(n.)高兴，愉快 [词汇搭配] look unhappy看起来不高兴；be unhappy about/with对...不悦的，对...不满意的 [词汇例句] If my room is untidy, my mum will be unhappy. 如果我的房间不整洁，我妈妈会不高兴。 [随学随练] 用unhappy的适当形式填空。 (1) He says violin music can relax him and make him happy. (2) “I lost my new dictionary”, the boy said unhappily. (3) The sweets bring the boy much happiness. He loves eating them. (4) The boy was late for school. The teacher was unhappy. (5) The story is interesting. The girls laugh happily. 2. hurry /ˈhʌri/ v.匆忙；仓促；催促(某人)；n. 匆忙 [词汇变形] <过去式> hurried [词汇搭配] hurry to school 匆忙到学校；hurry to do匆忙做某事 hurry sb. into doing sth.催促某人做某事；hurry up(with sth.)赶快，急忙（做某事） in a hurry 赶快；匆忙；in no hurry 有足够的时间，不着急 [词汇例句] You'll have to hurry if you want to catch that train.如果你想赶上那趟火车得抓紧时间了。 Take your time─there's no hurry.悠着点——不用急。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I don’t know why he left ________ without any words this morning. —Maybe he had something important to do. A．in a hurry B．in surprise C．in fear D．in danger 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--我不知道为什么今天早晨他一言不发就急忙离开了。--也许他有重要的事情要做。 考查介词短语。in a hurry急忙;in surprise惊讶;in fear害怕;in danger在危险中。根据“without any words this morning”及“Maybe he had something important to do.”可知，他一言不发是可能有重要的事情要做，所以急忙离开，因此in a hurry符合语境。故选A。 3. *either /ˈaɪðə(r); ˈiːðə(r)/ adv.也(用于否定词组后)；(conj.)或者，要么；pron. 两个中的任何一个 [词汇拓展] neither (pron.)两个都不；(adv.)也不 [词汇搭配] either…or… 要么…要么…;或者…或者… [词汇例句] You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 · either可以作连词，表示“或者，要么”。either...or...可以表示对两种事物的选择。当either...or...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要与or后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 Either you or your sister has to stay at home. 要么你，要么你妹妹必须待在家里。 · You can either play soccer or watch TV. 你要么踢足球，要么看电视。 · either可以作副词，用在否定句末，表示“也”。 Marry doesn’t like apples. I don’t like them, either. 玛丽不喜欢苹果。我也不喜欢它们。 · either可以作代词，表示两者中的任意一个。 Here are two model planes. You can take either. 这有两个飞机模型。你可以拿任何一个。 [词汇辨析] · also通常置于实义动词之前或be动词，情态动词之后，also通常不置于句末。 I buy some apples, and I also buy some strawberries. 我买了一些苹果，我也买了一些草莓。 · too表示“也”，用于肯定句末，其前可加逗号，也可以没有逗号。too还可以表示“太...” ‘I’m going home now.’ ‘I’ll come too.’ “现在我要回家了。”“我也一起走。” He eat too much ice-cream. 他吃了太多的冰激凌。 · either表示“也”，用于否定句末，其前必须有逗号隔开。 He doesn’t have a dictionary. I don’t have one, either. 他没有词典。我也没有。 [随学随练] 单项选择。 (1) —We don’t have ________ rules at home. What about you, Lily? —I don’t, ________. A．much; too B．much; either C．many; too D．many; either 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--我们家没有很多规矩。你呢，莉?--我也没有。 考查不定代词及副词辨析。much多，修饰不可数名词;many多，修饰可数名词。rules是复数形式，应用many修饰，排除A和B;too也，用在疑问句和肯定句末;either也，用在否定句末。第二空是否定句，用either。故选D。 (2) —Dad, I think _______ you ________ my mother cleans my room. It is so clean now. —________ of us did it. Your sister did it A．either, or, neither B．neither, nor, either C．both, and, both 【答案】A 【详解】句意:-爸爸，我想不是你就是我妈妈打扫我的房间。现在它是如此的干净。--我们俩都没做，是你姐姐干的。 考查代词辨析。either...or...要么…要么…;neither...nor...既不也不;both...and...既...又...;neither两者都不;either(两者中)任意一个;both两者都，根据cleans my room. It is so clean now.可知，房间被打扫了，且cleans为第三人称单数，故推知是爸爸或者妈妈打扫的，用either...or...;再根据Your sister did it可知，爸爸和妈妈两人都没打扫房间，用neither。故选A。 4. *practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v.训练；练习 [词汇拓展] practice (n.)练习 [词汇搭配] practise the violin 练习小提琴；practise doing...练习做某事 [词汇例句] She's practising for her piano exam. 她在练习准备钢琴考试。 5. *hang /hæŋ/ v.悬挂；垂下，使低垂 [词汇拓展] <过去式>hung [词汇搭配] hang out闲逛；常去某处；hang over sb使忧心忡忡；担心可能发生 hang on 抓紧；等一下，停一下；别挂电话，等一下；hang up挂断电话 hang balloons and lanterns悬挂气球和灯笼； [词汇例句] Her hair hung down to her waist.她的长发垂及腰际。 Hang on─I'm not quite ready.请稍候——我还没准备好呢。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Can you ________ with me this Saturday? —Sure! Catch you then! A．hang up B．hang out C．put up put out 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--这个星期六你能和我一起出去玩吗?--当然!到时候见! 考查动词短语。hang up挂断电话 ;hang out闲逛;put up张贴；搭建；举起；put out扑灭，熄灭。根据"with me this Saturday?"以及“Sure! Catch you ten!”可知是约着一起出去玩，只有选项B符合语境。故选B。 6. *awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj.糟糕的 [词汇拓展] awfully(adv.)糟糕地；awfulness (n.)糟糕 [词汇搭配] an awful colour很难看的颜色；feel awful感到很糟糕 [词汇例句] I feel awful about forgetting her birthday.我忘了她的生日，感到很难过。 [随学随练] 单项填空。  What ________ awful day! I was late because of the busy traffic and I lost my key. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:多么糟糕的一天!由于交通堵塞我迟到了还把钥匙丢了。考查冠词。a一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词;the定冠词表特指;a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词;/零冠词。根据“What...awful day!”可知，此句为what引导的感叹句，结构为what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词，awful为元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故选A。 7. *become /bɪˈkʌm/v.成为 [词汇拓展] <过去式>became；<动词-ing>becoming [词汇搭配] become a better person成为一个更好的人 [词汇用法] · become是一个系动词，表示“变化”，后常跟形容词或名词作表语。 Chengdu is becoming more and more beautiful. 成都正在变得越来越漂亮。 He became a doctor after he moved to the city. 他搬到城里后成了一名医生。 · 常见的表示“变化”的系动词有：turn; get; go; grow 等。 His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。 The food goes bad easily in summer. 夏天食物容易变质。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Too much work and too little rest (休息)will make it easy for you to become ________. A．unhealthily B．health C．healthy D．unhealthy 【答案】D 【详解】句意:工作太多，休息太少，很容易变得不健康。 考查形容词用法。unhealthily不健康地，副词;health健康，名词;healthy健康的，形容词;unhealthy不健康的，形容词。根据“become”"可知，需要形容词作表语，排除选项A、B;根据“Too much work and too little rest"可知，工作太多，休息太少，很容易变得不健康。故选D。 8. *better /ˈbetə(r)/ adj.较好；adv.较好地 [词汇拓展] good (adj.)好的；well (adv.) 好地 [词汇搭配] better and better越来越好；be better off 有较多钱；比较宽裕 had better (not) do...最好(不)做，应该(不)做 [词汇例句] Families will be better off under the new law. 新法律会使家庭经济宽裕一些。 [词汇用法] better是good或well的比较级。在两者进行比较时，用形容词或副词的比较级形式。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You’d better ________ some popcorn(爆米花) or soft drinks before the film begins. —But I think it’s better ________ anything while watching the film. A．buy; not to have B．to buy; not to have C．to buy; to have D．buy; to have 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--你最好在电影开始前买些爆米花或软饮料。--但我认为在看电影的时候最好什么都不要。考查非谓语动词。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，排除BC;根据“But I think it's better..anything while watching the film”可知转折词后表示自己认为在看电影的时候最好什么都不要。故选A。 9. *person /ˈpɜːsn/ n.人 [词汇拓展] people (n.) 人；personal (adj.)个人的，私人的；personality(n.)个性 [词汇搭配] in person 亲自；first/second/third person第一/第二/第三人称 [词汇例句] He's just the person we need for the job. 他正是我们需要的适合这项工作的人。 [词汇辨析] person / people / human · person和people指“人”，human指“人类”。 · people是集合名词，表示复数概念。表示“一个人”，不用one people，而用a/one person。当表示两个以上的人时，可用 people，如“三个人”，可以说three people。 · person泛指 man，woman 或 child 中的任何一个，其复数形式是 persons，但人们习惯用 people 代替persons。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Daniel is a ________ with a strong ________. He never asks others for advice on his ________ business(事情). A．personal; personality; person B．person; personal; personality C．person; personality; personal D．personality; person; personal 【答案】C 【详解】句意:丹尼尔是一个个性很强的人。他从不就个人事务征求别人的意见。 考查词性辨析。person人，可数名词;personality个性，品格;personal个人的;第一个空不定冠词a后加可数名词单数，结合句意，应该选person;第二个空strong是形容词，修饰名词，结合句意，表示“有强烈的个性”，应该用personality;第三个空business是名词，用形容词修饰，用personal。故选C。 10. show /ʃəʊ/ (v.)表明；展示；向...演示；带，领(某人到某处)；展览，陈列；(n.)演出；节目；展览 [词汇搭配] show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看；向某人演示某物 show sb. to+(地点) 带/领某人去某处；show sb. around 带某人四处参观 show up出现，露面；show off 炫耀；on show 在展览 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中show的中文意思。 · My aunt shows me how to cut(切) the chicken. (v.)(通过示范)教，向...演示 · He always watches the TV show. (n.)节目 · Let me show you to my study.(v.)引，带，领(某人到某处) · Many computers are on show. (n.)展览 · The teacher shows the students the map. (v.)给...看，展示 · Studies show that 20% of the girls don’t exercise at all. (v.)表明 11. *focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.集中(注意力、精力等)；n.焦点 [词汇拓展] focused(adj.)注意力集中的；目标明确的 [词汇搭配] focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 [词汇例句] Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.每个练习各有不同的语法重点。 12. *build /bɪld/ v.创建；建造；n. 体形，体格 [词汇拓展] <过去式> built； building(n.)建造；建筑物 [词汇搭配] build school spirit 培养学校精神；塑造校风；build up 加大；加强；增多 build sb. up 增强体质；be of medium build中等身材 [词汇例句] Robins build nests almost anywhere. 知更鸟几乎随处筑巢。 We want to build a better life.我们想创造更美好的生活。 13. *spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n.精神；情绪；勇气，意志 [词汇拓展] spiritual (adj.)精神的；心灵的 [词汇搭配] in high/low spirits 情绪高/情绪低落；fighting spirit斗志；战斗精神 raise sb's spirits使振奋；使鼓起勇气 [词汇例句] You must try and keep your spirits up. 你必须设法保持高昂的情绪。 14. *relax /rɪˈlæks/ v. 放松，休息 [词汇拓展] <三单>relaxes；relaxed(adj.)放松的；relaxing(adj.)令人放松的；relaxation(n.)放松 [词汇例句] I'm going to spend the weekend just relaxing. 这个周末，我什么也不干，就是休息。 [随学随练] 用relax的适当形式填空。 (1) Listening to music can help you relax. (2) I love listening to music because it can make me feel relaxed. (3) Diet(节食) and relaxation are two important keys to good health. (4) Tony likes swimming and he thinks it’s the most relaxing of all sports. 15. world /wɜ:ld/ n. 世界 [词汇搭配] make the world better 使世界更美好； all over / around the world 世界各地 [词汇例句] It's a beautiful part of the world... 这是世界上很美的一个地区。 16. *advice/ədˈvaɪs/ n.建议；意见 [词汇拓展] advise (v.)建议；suggest (v.)建议；suggestion(n.)建议 [词汇搭配] follow sb’s advice 遵从某人的建议 ask sb. for advice=turn to sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议 give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 [词汇用法] · advice是不可数名词。表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice。 Let me give you a piece of advice .让我给你一个忠告。 · suggestion是可数名词。“一些建议”可以说some suggestions；也可以说some advice。 · 动词advise/suggest常用于以下搭配： advise/suggest doing...建议做某事；advise sb. to do建议某人做某事(不可以用suggest sb. to do) Police are advising people to stay at home.警方告诫民众要留在家里。 [词汇用法] 单项填空。 (1) Can you give me ________ on what to wear to the party, Sandy? A．an advice B．some advice C．some advices D．any advices 【答案】B 【详解】句意:桑迪，你能给我一些关于穿什么去参加聚会的建议吗? 考查名词和不定代词用法。advice“建议”，不可数名词;some“一些”可用于表示征求意见，希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中;any“任何”用于疑问句或否定句中。根据"Can you give me..on what to wear to the party"可知此处表示征求意见，some advice符合，故选B。 (2) The teacher advised me ________ the chess club. A．join B．joined C．joining D．to join 【答案】D 【详解】句意:那个老师建议我加入象棋俱乐部，短语advise sb.to do sth.表示建议某人去做某事。根据题意，故选D。 17. *understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v.理解；领会 [词汇拓展] <过去式> understood ；understanding (n.)理解，领悟；(adj.)善解人意的； misunderstand(v.)误解 [词汇搭配] understand rules 理解规则 [词汇例句] Can you understand French? 你懂法语吗？ 18. *untidy /ʌnˈtaɪdi/ adj.不整洁的 [词汇拓展] tidy (adj.)整洁的；untidily (adv.)不整洁地；untidiness (n.)不整洁 [词汇搭配] get untidy 变得不整洁；untidy hair蓬乱的头发 [词汇例句] The place quickly became untidy. 这地方很快变得凌乱不堪。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 重点句型 (1) 描述规则的句型 · Every morning,I have to make my bed before breakfast. 每天早上，我必须在早餐前整理床铺。 · I have to hurry to school because can't be late for school. 我得赶紧去学校，因为上学不能迟到。 · When I'm at school, I mustn’t use my phone in class either. 当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上使用手机。 · And I have to wear the uniform.我还得穿制服。 · I have to finish my homework first.我得先完成作业。 · I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我只能在练习钢琴后打篮球。 · I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays.我不能在工作日和我的朋友出去玩， 谈论规则时，常用情态动词have to,must/mustn’t等描述。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 每天早上，我得读二十分钟英语。 Every morning, I have to read English for twenty minutes. (2) 我们禁止把手机带到教室。 We mustn’t bring mobile phones to classroom. (3) 我只能在写完作业后才能看电话。 I can only watch TV after I finish my homework. (2) 谈论规则重要性(规则有帮助)的句型 · They can help you to become a better person.它们（规则）可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 · Rules can help to make the world better.规则可以让世界变得更美好。 2. 其他句型解析 · (教材原句 P14 )There are too many rules in my life！我的生活中有太多的规则！ 这是一个there be句型，表示“存在，有”。其中be动词与紧跟be动词之后的名词单复数保持一致。be动词后的第一个名词是复数名词，be动词用are；be动词后的第一个名词是单数名词或不可数名词，be动词用is。 例如：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 There are many books in the bag. 包里有很多书。 There is a pen and two erasers on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两块橡皮。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 路上有一些汽车。 There are some cars on the road. (2) 我们学校有各种各样的社团。 There are all kinds of clubs in our school. (3) 课桌里有一本英语书和几本笔记本。 There is an English book and some notebooks in the desk. · (教材原句 P14 )When I'm at school, I mustn’t use my phone in class either. 当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上。 这是一个复合句，其中when I’m at school是when引导的时间状语从句，表示后面主句动作发生的时间。when表示“当...时”。 例如：When I’m in trouble, my friends come to help us. 当我有困难时，我的朋友们回来帮我。 · (教材原句 P14 )I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只能在我练习钢琴之后打篮球。 这是一个复合句，其中after I practise the piano是after引导的一个时间状语从句。after表示“在...之后”。 例如：After he finished his homework, he played soccer with his friends. 在他完成作业之后，他和他的朋友们踢足球了。 · (教材原句 P14 )You have to wear uniforms because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为这能树立学校精神。 这是一个复合句，其中 because it builds school spirit是有because引导的原因状语从句。because表示“因为”。 例如：I can’t play basketball with you because I have to look after my sister. 我不能和你打篮球，因为我得照顾我妹妹。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 太阳升起时，东方的天空变成了橙色。 When the sun rises, the sky in the east turns orange. (2) 在我吃完早饭后，我得匆忙赶到学校。 After I finish breakfast, I have to hurry to school. (3) 遵守规则很重要，因为它们(规则)可以帮我们成为更好的人。 It’s important to follow rules, because they can help us to become better men. · (教材原句 P15 )I know it can be difficult to follow many rules. 我知道遵守很多规则时很难的。 此句中it can be difficult to follow many rules是一个常用的句型：it +be+adj.+to do sth. 意为“做某事是...样的”。 这个句型中还可以添加for sb.变为：it +be+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 意为“对某人来说，做某事是...样的”，此时，形容词是修饰事物的形容词，如important, difficult, necessary等。 例如：It is difficult for me to finish this task in one day.我在一天内完成这项任务是困难的。 这个句型中还可以添加of sb.变为：it +be+adj.+of sb. to do sth. 意为“某人做某事是...样的”，此时，形容词是修饰人物的形容词，如kind, nice,polite,careful等。 例如：It is kind of you to help me with my homework.你帮我做作业真是太善良了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 对我们来说，保护动物是非常重要的。 It is important for us to protect the animals. (2) 犯了这么多错误，你真实太粗心了。 It was so careless of you to make so many mistakes. 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Every morning, I make my bed (铺床)to keep my room tidy. (2) If you want to speak English better(较好地), you need to practise(练习) more. (3) On weekends, I like to hang out(闲逛) with my friends at the park. (4) She has a lot of homework to do on weekdays(在工作日). (5) The weather was awful(糟糕的), so we stayed inside all day. (6) She hopes to become(成为) a doctor when she grows up. (7) He is a kind person(人) and always helps others. (8) When you study, you need to focus on(集中注意力) your work and not get distracted(分心). (9) He likes to build(建造) models of airplanes in his free time. (10) She has a strong spirit(精神) and never gives up. (11) I need to think about (思考)what I want to do for my summer vacation. (12) After a long day at school, I like to relax(放松) by watching TV. (13) My teacher gave me some good advice(建议) on how to study better. (14) I didn't understand(理解) the math problem, so I asked the teacher for help. (15) His room was untidy(不整洁的), so he had to clean it before his friends came over. (16) She always hurries(匆忙) in the morning to catch the school bus. (17) She likes to wear colorful clothes(衣服) to school. (18) She wants to travel around the world(世界各地) when she is older. (19) They are nice. They always show respect for(表示尊重) our feelings. (20) You can feel good about taking action to make the world better(使世界更好). 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) He feels unhappy(happy) because he lost his favorite toy. (2) The little boy makes his(he)bed every morning. (3) We often practise telling (tell) English stories at the English corner. (4) I never hang out with my friends at night. (5) Do you know the two boy students beside the teaching building(build)?  (6) The relaxing(relax) activity makes lots of people relaxed(relax) when they are tired. (7) —Mr. Green is an expert in education, so many students ask him for help. —I think he is also an understanding (understand)teacher. (8) —Would you like to come to my birthday party? —I’d love to, but I have to look after my little sister. (9) I have to finish (finish) my science project first. (10) Enough sleep is necessary for our health, so we mustn't stay(stay) up late. (11) You must go to school early. Don’t be late for school again. (12) The cat didn’t want to let the bird fly (fly) away, so it climbed up the tree quickly. (13) My English teacher advised/advises(advice) me to watch more English movies to improve my listening skills. (14) It is helpful for us to read (read) English in the morning. (15) Yesterday morning, my dad got up at 6:30 and hurried to his work. 3. 单项填空。 (1) It’s awful of them to say bad things about her behind her back. A．absent B．awful C．untidy D．polite 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他们在背后说她的坏话，真是太讨厌了。 考查形容词辨析。absent缺席的；awful糟糕的，讨厌的；untidy不整洁的;polite礼貌地。根据句意：他们在背后说她的坏话，真是太...了，可知，应填“讨厌的”，所以填awful。故选B。 (2) —How many people are there in your family? —There are ________. A．three people B．three person C．three peoples D．three’s people 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--你家有几口人?--有三口人。 考査集合名词。people表示“人”时是集合名词，表示的是复数概念，不能在词尾加s。person意为“人”时是可数名词，前有数字three时，person要加s。故选A。 (3) Peter can’t go to watch the football match and I can’t ______. A．too B．either C．also D．neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意:彼得不能去看足球比赛，我也不能去。 考査副词辨析。A.too也，常用于肯定句句末;B.either也，常用于否定句句末;C.also也，常用于肯定句，置于句中，在be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，实义动词之前;D.neither两者都不。根据Peter can' go to watch the football match and I can’t...可知句意为“彼得不能去看足球比赛，我也不能去。"结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。 (4) —Could you give us ________ on learning math? —Sure. I’m glad to do that. A．a advice B．an advice C．some advice D．some advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--您能给我们一些关于学习数学的建议吗?--当然。我很高兴这样做。 考查名词的单复数。advice意为“建议”，是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词修饰;而some既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词，这里some advice是指一些建议。故选C。 (5) My mother eats little after 8 p.m. ________ she thinks it is healthy. A．so B．when C．before D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我妈妈晚上8点以后吃得很少，因为她认为这是健康的。 考查从属连词。so因此;when当...时;before在...之前;because因为。根据"My mother cats little after 8 p.m...she thinks it is healthy.”可知，前后句为因果关系，此处表示原因，应用because。故选D。 (6) Many children in the earthquake(地震) lost their schools. But we all believe that things will get better because so many people ______ them. A．care about B．worry about C．talk about D．think about 【答案】A 【详解】地震中许多孩子失去了他们的学校，但是我们都相信事情会变得更好因为那么多的人们关心他们。考查短语辨析。care about关心，在乎;worry about担心;talk about谈论;think about考虑，结合句意，故选A。 (7) —Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday? —I’m afraid not. I ________ look after your grandma. You can go with your sister. A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．must; can 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--妈妈，这周日可以和我一起去购物吗?--我恐怕不能。我必须照顾你奶奶。你可以和你姐姐一起去。 考查情态动词辨析。can能，表示请求允许;have to不得不，必须，侧重于客观需要;must必须，根据:"…you go shopping with me this Sunday"可知，第一空提出请求，应选填can;根据“I'm afraid not...look after your grandma.”可知，妈妈拒绝是因为有客观上必须要做的事情，第二空选填have to。故选A。 (8) Keep quiet! You ________ talk loudly in the library and you ________ obey the rules. A．mustn't; should B．needn't; can't C．should; may D．must; can't 【答案】A 【详解】句意:保持安静!你(们)禁止在图书馆大声交谈并且你(们)应该遵守规则。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须;mustn’t禁止;should应该;can’t不能;needn’t不需要;may也许。根据句中keep quiet可知，此处是图书馆禁止大声交谈并且应该遵守规则;mustn't表示禁止，用在第一空符合题意;should表示应该，用在第二空符合题意。故选A。 (9) —The boy lives a happy life, and we can hear him laugh from time to time. —Laughing can make us ________. A．relaxes B．relaxed C．to relax D．relaxing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--男孩过着幸福的生活，所以我们时不时听到他笑。-笑可以让我们放松。 考查单词词义和用法。relaxes放松，动词单数第三人称形式;relaxed放松的，形容词，通常修饰人;to relax动词不定式;relaxing令人放松的，形容词，通常修饰物。根据“Laughing can make us…”"可知，这里表示“让我们感到放松”，形容词作宾语补足语，故选B。 (10) Mary didn’t ________ the rules of the game so Mr. Brown explained (解释)them to her carefully. A．practice B．become C．understand D．lend 【答案】C 【详解】句意:Mary不懂游戏规则，所以Brown先生认真地对她解释。 考查动词辨析。practise练习；become变成；understand理解；lend借给。根据so Mr. Brown explained them to her可知，之所以Mr. Brown要仔细地给她解释它们(规则)，是因Mary不“理解”这些游戏规则，所以填understand。故选C。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) Eric在家里和在学校都要遵守很多规则，Eric感到不高兴，请你从规则的重要性方面给他提一些建议： 【参考答案】 Understanding rules can help you become a better person. You can think about the things you can do. Understanding rules can help make the world better. (2) 在家里，爸爸妈妈会为我们制定一些规则，试着用英文写几条你家中的规则。 【参考答案】 I have to finish my homework first. I can hang out with my friends on weekdays. I have to wash my clothes by myself. 2. 阅读理解 A Family rules help children learn what is and isn’t OK in the family. Following them can help children learn to follow rules in other places, so it’s not good to make rules too late. Good family rules are easy for children to understand. One day, on the way home from school, my mom tells me she is going to make some new rules for me, my brothers and sisters. Before this, we know she wants us to be good, but we really don’t have any rules. Well, Mom cares about that. On Sunday she starts giving us some rules. Clean your rooms every other day. Be ready for dinner at 7:00 p.m. That means sitting at the table with clean hands. If Mom is having a meeting in the house, be very quiet. That means turning down the music and the TV. Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. and get up at 7:30 a.m. to prepare for school. Take out the rubbish on Monday morning before school. Clean the bathroom on Friday. Following these rules isn’t too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. At other times, it can be tough. For example, if your room is really dirty and you can’t finish cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, along with something else you have to do. That isn’t easy. Mom makes these rules because she loves us a lot. She wants us to learn how to be on time, be clean and tidy and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules. These rules help make our family warm and happy. I feel lucky to grow up in such a great family. 1. What should the children do according to the new rules? ①Clean their rooms every day.                           ②Never watch TV again. ③Wash hands before dinner.                              ④Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 2. What should the children do on Friday? A．They should have a family meeting. B．They should look after sisters and brothers. C．They should take out the rubbish. D．They should clean the bathroom. 3. What does the underlined word “tough” mean? A．Difficult. B．Interesting. C．Relaxing. D．Boring. 4. Which of the following is true? A．They get up at half past six every day. B．Rules help them be clean and on time. C．There are four people in the writer’s family. D．They eat dinner at 6:00 p.m. 5. What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】B 【小题5】A 【导语】本文讲述了作者的家规。 【小题1】细节理解题，根据第三段That means siting at the table with clean hands.及Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m.可知，根据新规定，孩子们应该饭前洗手，晚上九点半准备睡觉。故选C。 【小题2】细节理解题，根据第三段Clean the bathroom on Friday.可知，孩子们应该在星期五这天打扫浴室，故选D。 【小题3】词句猜测题，根据四段For example, if your room is really dirty and you can't finish cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, along with something else you have to do. That isn't easy.可知，有时候遵循这些规则可能会很艰难，故推测“tough”应该是“艰难的”，与difficult同义。故选A。 【小题4】细节理解题，根据第五段Mom makes these rules because she loves us a lot. She wants us to learn how to be on time. be clean and tidy and be polite.”可知，规则帮助他们保持整洁和准时。故选B。 【小题5】篇章结构题。第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段介绍了作者的妈妈为他们制定的一些新家规，第五段总结。故选A。 B 阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。（1～4题每题答案不超过3个单词， 5题须用完整句子回答） As a student, we have different kinds of rules in our school. We should first understand these rules and then we can really follow them. For example, students cannot bring food into the classroom, because our classroom is a place for study, not for eating. The food left may make our classroom dirty. Running is also not allowed (允许) in the classroom. It’s quite dangerous because we may get hurt. So please don’t run in the classroom. We can’t listen to music in the classroom, because we need a quiet place for study. Listening to music may disturb (打扰) others. We have to wear the school uniform on weekdays. Although our school uniform might not look very beautiful, it can make us do all kinds of sports easily. It is good for our health. We can focus on schoolwork more when we wear uniforms. Rules play an important role in our whole life. So we need to follow them. 1. There are ________ rules in the passage. 2. Running is also not allowed in the classroom, because it’s ________. 3. We can’t listen to music in the classroom, because it may ________. 4. When we wear uniforms, we can ________ more. 5. Do we need to follow the rules? Why? ________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】4/four 【小题2】quite dangerous 【小题3】disturb others 【小题4】focus on schoolwork 【小题5】 Yes, we do. Because they are helpful. 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者学校的校规。 【小题1】根据"For example, students cannot bring food into the classroom,", “Running is also not allowed (允许) in the classroom", “We can't listen to music in the classroom"!以及“We have to wear the school uniform on weekdays,”"可知，文章介绍了四条规则。故填4/four。 【小题2】根据"Running is also not allowed (允许) in the classroom. It's quite dangerous because we may get hurt.”可知，因为跑很危险，故填quite dangerous。 【小题1】根据“We can't listen to music in the classroom, because we need a quiet place for study. Listening to music may disturb others.”可知，我们不能在教室里听音乐，因为我们需要一个安静的地方学习。听音乐可能会打扰别人。故填disturb others。 【小题4】根据“We can focus on schoolwork more when we wear uniforms."可知，当我们穿校服时，我们可以更专注于学业，故填focus on schoolwork. 【小题5】开放性试题，言之成理即可。参考答案为Yes,we do.Because they are helpful. 3. 完形填空 Harry is a boy from the USA. He is the only child of his parents, but his mother is ___1____ with him. His mother always asks him to do many things. He has to help his mother do housework (家务) such as (例如) cleaning the room, doing the ___2____ and making the bed. But his friend Mike doesn’t need to do housework. Harry feels terrible and wants to ___3_____the rules with his mother. One day, Harry plays basketball for an hour after school, and he gets home ____4____. Harry’s mother worries about him and scolds (责备) him after he ___5_____ home. Harry says, “Rules! Rules! Rules! ____6____ do you make so many rules for me?” Don’t you know I make the rules to ____7____ you? I hope you can look after yourself when I am ____8____,” his mother says. ____9____ hearing his mother’s words, Harry says sorry to his mother. And he learns to do housework, so he can do many things by himself now. Sometimes, our parents make rules for us. It doesn’t mean they don’t love us. It is just another way to ____10____ their love to us. 1.A．important B．strict C．friendly D．afraid 2.A．uniforms B．kitchen C．dishes D．exercise 3.A．talk about B．write down C．think of D．ask for 4.A．early B．quietly C．luckily D．late 5.A．leaves B．saves C．arrives D．misses 6.A．Why B．What C．How D．When 7.A．stop B．help C．follow D．feel 8.A．beautiful B．relaxed C．scary D．busy 9.A．Before B．Between C．Over D．After 10.A．remember B．use C．show D．forget 【答案】 【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】C 【小题6】A 【小题7】B 【小题8】D 【小题9】D 【小题10】C 【导语】本文讲述了哈利觉得妈妈给自己的规定太多了，于是有一次哈利和妈妈吵起来了，问妈妈为什么给自己这么多规定，妈妈的回答是为了帮助他，所以父母制定规则来帮助我们。这并不意味着他们不爱我们。这只是他们向我们表达爱的另一种方式。 【小题1】句意:他是父母的独生子，但他的母亲对他很严格。 important重要的;strict严格的;friendly友好的;afraid害怕的。根据His mother always asks him to do many things可知，他妈妈对他很严格，故选B。 【小题2】句意:他不得不帮助他的妈妈做家务，如打扫房间，洗碗和铺床。 uniforms制服:kitchen厨房:dishes盘子:exercise练习。根据do housework可知，介绍的都是家务活，do the dishes洗盘子,故选C。 【小题3】句意:哈利感觉很糟糕，想和他妈妈谈谈这些规定。 talk about谈论;write down写下;think of人为;ask for请求，根据the rules with his mother.可知，哈利想和妈妈谈谈这些规定。故选A。 【小题4】句意:一天，哈利放学后打了一个小时的篮球，他回家晚了。 early早地;quietly安静地;luckily幸运地;late晚地。根据Harry's mother worries about him and scolds him可知，应该是他回家晚了，所以妈妈责备了他，故选D。 【小题5】句意:哈利的母亲担心他，在他回家后责备了他。 leaves离开;saves拯救;arrives到达;misses错过，根据Harry's mother worries about him and scolds him可知，到家后妈妈责备了他，故选C。 【小题6】句意:你为什么给我定这么多规矩? Why为什么;What什么;How如何;When什么时候。根据下文Don' you know I make the rules to...you可知，哈利问妈妈这样做的原因，故选A。 【小题7】句意:你不知道我制定规则是为了帮你吗? stop停止;help帮助;follow跟随;feel感觉。根据I hope you can look after yourself可知，妈妈认为这些规则是帮助孩子的故选B。 【小题8】句意:我希望在我忙的时候你能照顾好自己。 beautiful美丽的;relaxed放松的;scary吓人的;busy的。根据you can look after yourself when I am可知，妈妈希望自己在忙的时候，孩子可以照顾自己，故选D。 【小题9】句意:听了妈妈的话，哈利向妈妈道歉。 Before之前;Between在..之间;Over在..上方;After之后。根据hearing his mother's words, Harry says sorry to his mother.可知，听了妈妈的话，哈利向妈妈道歉。故选D。 【小题10】句意:这只是他们向我们表达爱的另一种方式。remember记得;use使用;show表现;forget忘记。根据It is just another way to...their love to us.可知，父母制定规则也是一种表现爱的方式，故选C。 4. 语篇填空 A 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词。 There are too many rules in my family. I have to get     1     and make my bed at 6: 00 a.m. After breakfast, I need to do the dishes. After that, I run to school because I can’t be late. At school, we have more rules — don’t     2     noisy, don’t eat in class... After school, I can’t play basketball     3     I must do my homework first. I can play it only     4     weekends. After diner, I can’t relax, either. I must read     5     book before watching TV. And I have to go to bed before 10: 00! 【答案】 【小题1】up 【小题2】be 【小题3】because 【小题4】on/at 【小题5】a 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的家规。 【小题1】句意:我必须在早上6点起床整理床铺。根据make my bed at6: 00 a.m可知，此处表示起床，get up意为“起床”。故填up。 【小题2】句意:在学校，我们有更多的规则--不要吵闹，不要在课堂上吃东西。此处祈使句的否定形式是:don't+be+形容词。故填be。 【小题3】句意:放学后，我不能打篮球，因为我必须先做作业，根据I can't play basketball...must do my homework first可知，后句是前句的原因，连词because“因为”，符合语境。故填because。 【小题4】句意:我只能在周末打篮球。on/at weekends意为“在周末”。故填on/at。 【小题5】句意:看电视前我必须读一本书。此处是泛指一本书，空格处应用不定冠词a或an，book以辅音音素开头，故填a。 B 阅读下面短文，根据所给首字母，上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。每个空只能填一个词。 I’m Bob and I’m a student of No. 2 Middle School. We have many r    1     in our school. I think some of them are good for us, but o    2     are not so good. We have to wear our school     3     (uniform). I think it’s good. If we don’t have this rule, some students will w    4     expensive clothes. They will think more about clothes, but not study. We can’t be l    5     for school and we have to listen to the teacher in class. All of these rules are good for our study and I like them. We     6     (can) take mobile phones (手机) to school. I don’t think it’s a good idea. S    7     our parents are busy and can’t get home on time. They n    8     to tell us about that. If we can’t take phones, how can they tell     9     (we)? Also, we can’t go to the movies on weekends. I know we should study hard, but we need some time to relax     10    . 【答案】 【小题1】(r)ules 【小题2】(o)thers 【小题3】uniforms 【小题4】(w)ear 【小题5】(l)ate 【小题6】can’t 【小题7】(S)ometimes 【小题8】(n)eed 【小题9】us 【小题10】too 【导语】本文主要谈论了鲍勃对学校规矩的看法。 【小题1】句意:我们在学校有很多规矩。 根据后文的All of these rules are good for ou study and I like them.可知所有这些规则都有利于我们的学习，我喜欢它们。因此是介绍校规，应用rule表示“规矩”，应用复数形式。故填(r)ules。 【小题2】句意:但其余的不是那么好。 根据I think some of them are good for us,”可知我认为其中一些对我们有益，结合首字母，应用others表示“其余的规矩”。故填(o)thers。 【小题3】句意:我们不得不穿校服。 短语school uniforms表示“校服”，应用复数形式。故填uniforms.【小题4】句意:如果我们没有这个规则，一些学生会穿昂贵的衣服，根据“expensive clothes"可知是昂贵的衣服，结合首字母应用wear表示“穿”，will后接动词原形。故填(w)ear。 【小题5】句意:我们上学不能迟到，我们必须在课堂上听老师的话。 短语be late for表示“迟到”。故填(l)ate。 【小题6】句意:我们不可以带手机上学。 根据后文的If we can't take phones, how can they tell可知如果我们不带手机，他们怎样告诉我们呢，因此可知学校不允许带手机，此处应用can not表示“不可以”，应用缩写形式。故填can’t。 【小题7】句意:有时候我们的父母很忙，不能按时回家。 根据our parents are busy and can't get home on time可知我们的父母很忙不能按时回家，结合首字母应用sometimes表示“有时候”。故填(S)ometimes。 【小题8】句意:他们需要告诉我们这件事。 根据can't get home on time可知不能按时回家，因此需要告知我们，结合首字母应用need表示“需要”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原型。故(n)eed。 【小题9】句意:如果我们不带手机，他们怎样告诉我们呢? 动词tell后接人称代词宾格，应用us表示“我们”。故填us。 【小题10】句意:我知道我们应该努力学习，但我们也需要一些时间来放松。 根据but we need some time to relax 可知但我们需要些时间来放松，此处应用副词too修饰句子，表示“也”，置于肯定句句末。故填too。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$