广东省第二师范学院番禺附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期6月月考英语试卷

二师附中2023学年第二学期高一6月 期末考 英语 本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、学校、班级、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the Best Science Museums in the World Entering a world-class museum is like opening a door to another world. Your admission ticket is a passport to learning, culture, and fun. California Academy of Sciences The California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco houses an aquarium, planetarium, rainforest, and natural history museum in one location. It’s home to a popular lecture series covering subjects as diverse as birding and engineering for grade-schoolers. In addition, it offers nightlife events for adults and it’s one of the museums where you can spend the night. American Museum of National History The American Museum of National History is famous for being the one of the best dinosaur museums in the world, but it is so much more than that. The museum also features a butterfly conservatory, an Alaska brown bear exhibit, and so much more. It also features a big screen for movies and a planetarium. Shanghai Science and Technology Museum The Shanghai Science and Technology Museum is devoted to popularizing science and making it more accessible. Permanent exhibits focus on the animal world, space, light, human beings and an interactive children’s playground. In addition, there’s an Imax Theatre along with activities like science shows and training camps. Ontario Science Center The Ontario Science Center in Toronto is one of the finest museums in Canada. Popular permanent exhibits include Kidspark where children can build their own roller coaster, play musical instruments, or blow big bubbles. Other exhibits are devoted to the human body, space, and Canadian forests. It features an Imax Omni dome theater, planetarium, and children’s camp. 1. What is special about the California Academy of Sciences? A. It has a large screen for movies. B. It allows adult to stay overnight. C. It holds lectures for grade-schoolers at night. D. It pays special attention to wildlife protection. 2. Which museum will attract you most if you are interested in dinosaurs? A. The Ontario Science Center. B. The California Academy of Sciences. C. The American Museum of National History. D. The Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. 3. What do last two museums have in common? A. Both house an Imax Omni threatre. B. Both host annual exhibitions on local musical instruments. C. Both are famous for thrilling roller-coaster rides. D. Both are quite child-friendly. 【本文大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最好的四个科学博物馆。 1.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中In addition, it offers nightlife events for adults and it’s one of the museums where you can spend the night.(此外，它还为成年人提供夜生活活动，是你可以过夜的博物馆之一)可知，加州科学院的特别之处是允许成年人过夜。故选B。 2.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中The American Museum of National History is famous for being the one of the best dinosaur museums in the world, but it is so much more than that.(美国国家历史博物馆因是世界上最好的恐龙博物馆之一而闻名，但它的意义远不止于此)可知，如果你对恐龙感兴趣，美国国家历史博物馆最吸引你。故选C。 3.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Permanent exhibits focus on the animal world, space, light, human beings and an interactive children’s playground.(永久性的展览集中在动物世界、空间、光、人类和一个互动的儿童游乐场)以及最后一段中Popular permanent exhibits include Kidspark where children can build their own roller coaster, play musical instruments, or blow big bubbles.(受欢迎的永久性展览包括Kidspark，在这里，孩子们可以建造自己的过山车、演奏乐器或吹大泡泡)可知，最后两个博物馆的共同之处是都很适合儿童。故选D。 B Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to raise awareness and do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little. He has changed his dry village into a groundwater haven by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he’s encouraging others to join in, too. Sadiman realised that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River—previously the source of water for villagers—was quickly drying up. Even rubber trees, the local people’s main source of income, were so dry that they could no longer produce rubber latex. It was then that Sadiman took action so that generations to come could benefit from the planted trees. “Banyan trees, unlike rubber trees, can keep groundwater. The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get,” he thought. Although he would often find his seeds dug up by cattle, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal—providing his village with a clean water source. He’s planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and given him free seeds or worked alongside him to plant the trees. “Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” the local chief said. Sadiman said as long as he’s physically healthy and fit, he’ll continue to plant trees and finish his vision of avoiding drought and help provide clean water for his fellow villagers. 4. What problem did Pak Sadiman plan to solve? A. Water shortage. B. Villagers’ low income. C. Villagers’ bad living conditions. D. The shortage of natural resources. 5 What can we know about the Gendol River? A. It has provided water for the villagers till now. B. It has enough water even in the dry season. C. It was the main source of water for locals. D. It has been polluted by human activities. 6. Which of the following can best describe Pak Sadiman? A. Friendly and outgoing. B. Kind and determined. C. Thankful and patient. D. Honest and clever. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. A Plan to Plant More Trees B. A Farmer Preferring to Plant Trees C. A Village Saved by the Government’s Efforts D. A Farmer Saving His Village from Drought 【本文大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了农民Pak Sadiman多年来通过种树将原本缺水的村庄变成了一个地下水的避风港，不仅解决该村庄的干旱问题，还造福了后代。 4.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to raise awareness and do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little. (渐渐地，农民Pak Sadiman把提高人们对中爪哇缺水问题的认识以及采取措施解决这一问题作为自己的任务)可知，Pak Sadiman想要解决的问题是缺水问题。故选A项。 5.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Sadiman realised that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River—previously the source of water for villagers—was quickly drying up. (Sadiman意识到，当Gendol河——以前村民的水源——迅速干涸时，这片土地需要一些水)可知，这条河流以前是当地人的主要水源。故选C项。 6.【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的Although he would often find his seeds dug up by cattle, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal—providing his village with a clean water source. (尽管他经常发现自己的种子被牛挖出，但这位农民在实现自己的目标时——为村庄提供干净的水源——从未气馁。)以及第五段的He’s planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. (在过去的19年里，他种植了至少11,000棵树，他的村庄似乎摆脱了旱季)以及最后一段Sadiman said as long as he’s physically healthy and fit, he’ll continue to plant trees and finish his vision of avoiding drought and help provide clean water for his fellow villagers. (Pak Sadiman说，只要他身体健康，他就会继续种树，完成他避免干旱的愿景，并帮助为他的村民提供干净的水。)可知，Sadiman19年来所种的树都是用自己的种子种的，而且种了这么多棵树。由此可知，他是个慷慨给予的人，愿意为了改善村庄的状况而贡献自己的力量，而且他还要继续种下去，直到完全实现他的没有干旱的目标以及提供干净的水给村民，可见他也是个很有决心，很坚定的一个人。故选B项。 7.【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段的He has changed his dry village into a groundwater haven by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he’s encouraging others to join in, too. (在过去的19年里，他通过在附近的土地上种树，把干涸的村庄变成了地下水的避风港，他还鼓励其他人也加入进来。)，以及第五段的“Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” the local chief said. (“Pak Sadiman是我们的英雄。这个村庄过去一直与缺水作斗争，但因为他，现在我们有了足够的水，”当地的酋长说。)，以及第六段的Sadiman said as long as he’s physically healthy and fit, he’ll continue to plant trees and finish his vision of avoiding drought and help provide clean water for his fellow villagers. (Sadiman说，只要他身体健康，他将继续种树，完成他避免干旱的愿景，并帮助他的村民获得干净的水。)可知，本文介绍了一位通过种树来改变村庄缺水问题的农民，他使生活在村庄里的人们摆脱掉了缺水问题。A Farmer Saving His Village from Drought适合做标题，故选D项。 C The world has lost one of its brightest stars. British physicist Stephen Hawking dies on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76. Hawking is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes and the Big Bang Theory. He has devoted his whole life to digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. His 1988 book A Brief History of Time, which contains his understanding of the universe, is one of the biggest-selling science books of all time. “My goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.” Hawkings achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to communicate except by blinking (眨眼). Later he sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moved two fingers to control the computers mouse. He selected his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer (語音合成器). “I have had the disease for most of my life,” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.” Though Hawking was a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work during his lifetime. This included winning the Albert Einstein Award, which stands for the highest achievement in theoretical physics. Despite the fact that hes no longer with us, his legacy will surely live on. As Sajid Javid, a UK government minister, put it, “A brief history on Earth; an eternity in the stars.” 8. What is the black holes and the Big Bang Theory about? A. The physics. B. The stars. C. The universe. D. The time. 9. What does the underlined pronoun “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A. The universe. B. The earth. C. The goal. D. The black hole. 10. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Hawking received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award. B. The illness kept him from moving and talking. C. He communicated with others by speaking. D. The illness stopped him from being successful. 11. What can we know about Hawking from Sajid Javids words? A. The history of the earth is too short. B. The stars in the universe are eternal. C. His book A Brief History of Time is too short. D. His spirit and achievements will live on forever. 【本文大意】这是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲了继爱因斯坦之后世界上最著名的科学家霍金。霍金是黑洞理论方面的专家，他一生都致力于研究宇宙的起源。霍金一直患有疾病，但是这不能阻止他在工作中取得成功，他一生中取得了巨大的成就，获得了许多奖项。 8.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中He is an expert on black holes and the Big Bang Theory. He has devoted his whole life to digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe.(他是黑洞和宇宙大爆炸理论方面的专家。他一生都在研究宇宙的起源(和终结))可知霍金一生致力于探索宇宙的起源与终结，由此推断黑洞和大爆炸理论是关于宇宙的。故选C。 9.【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段的“My goal is simple.” Hawking once said. It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there a t all.(“我的目标是简单的”霍金曾经说，“这个目标就是完全了解宇宙，为什么它是这样子的，为什么它在那里。”)由此可知此处的代词it指代的是上半句中的universe。故选A。 10.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中...Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking.(霍金患上了一种严重的疾病，慢慢地使他无法移动或说话。)可知霍金患上了一种疾病，这种疾病逐渐地剥夺了他运动和说话的能力，故选B。 11.【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段Despite the fact that hes no longer with us，his legacy will surely live on. As Sajid Javid, a UK government minister, put it, “A brief history on Earth; an eternity in the stars.”(尽管他已离我们而去，但他的遗产将永存。正如英国政府部长萨吉德·贾维德(Sajid Javid)所说，“地球简史；在星星里的永恒。”)可知他的话是说：霍金的精神和成就将永远存在。“地球的简史，永恒的星星”用来形容霍金。故选D。 D Making beer on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface. The Lab2Moon competition, held by TeamIndus, is offering students the chance to secure a spot on the TeamIndus rocket this year. Taking craft beer to the next level, the students want to test whether it’s possible for yeast (酵母) to work and create beer on the moon. However, they believe the experiment is not just a creative concept for astronauts, it’s also important for the development of drugs and yeast-containing food, like bread. “The idea started out with a few laughs among a group of friends,” said Neeki Ashari, a fifth-year bioengineering student at UC San Diego. “We all appreciate the craft of beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an experiment that would appear on India’s moonlander, we thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality of yeast in outer space.” The preparation work for the beer—up to the stage of adding yeast—will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation (发酵) and carbonation stages of making beer, the team plans to combine them. This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space. If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fermentation will take place in a vessel no bigger than a soda can. All teams competing for the place will showcase their ideas in Bangalore, India. Sadly, you won’t be enjoying moon beer in your local craft beer bar anytime soon, as no samples will be brought back. However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables (消耗品) behave in different environments. 12. How did the students feel when they got the chance to design the experiment? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident. D. Casual. 13. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. The mixing of two stages. B. Adding yeast on Earth. C. The preparation work on Earth. D. Fermentation and carbonation. 14. What can we learn about the experiment from the passage? A. It has been designed based on similar experiments. B. It’s quite competitive compared with other designs. C. Its design has already been approved by TeamIndus. D Its process was adapted to make it safer and greener. 15. What does the author think of the students’ idea? A. It seems like a pipe dream. B. It’s extremely complicated. C. It’s meaningful and hopeful. D. It’s creative but impractical. 【本文大意】本文是一篇说明文。由TeamIndus举办的Lab2Moon比赛有望让学生在月球上酿造啤酒的梦想得以实现。 12.【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Making beer on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface(虽然在月球上酿造啤酒对于许多人来说是白日梦，但是对一群来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的学生来说， 他们有机会在地球以外开展他们的研究).第四段中的We all appreciate the craft of beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an experiment that would appear on India’s moonlander, we thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality (可行性) of yeast in outer space.(我们都很欣赏啤酒的制作工艺。当我们听说有机会设计一个将出现在印度月球着陆器上的实验时，我们认为我们可以将我们的爱好与竞争结合起来，专注于酵母在外层空间的可行性)可推知，来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的学生对于有机会在地球以外开展他们的研究的机会是兴奋的(Excited)，故选A项。 13.【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第五段The preparation work for the beer—up to the stage of adding yeast—will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation (发酵) and carbonation stages of making beer, the team plans to combine them.(啤酒的准备工作——直到添加酵母阶段——都将在地球上完成，团队计划将它们结合起来，而不是将酿造啤酒的发酵和碳化阶段分开。)可知，该实验小组在准备工作中计划把发酵过程和碳化过程结合起来；结合第六段This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space(这消除了释放过程中积累的二氧化碳的需要，这可能会导致太空中的清洁和安全问题)可知，这种准备工作排除了在这个过程中释放累积的二氧化碳的需要，这种需要可能导致外太空的清洁和安全问题。据此可推知，This指代两个阶段结合起来，因此，第六段中带下划线的单词This指的是A项The mixing of two stages.(两个阶段的混合)，故选A项。 14.【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space(这消除了释放过程中积累的二氧化碳的需要，这可能会导致太空中的清洁和安全问题)可知，这种准备工作排除了在这个过程中释放累积的二氧化碳的需要, 这种需要可能导致外太空的清洁和安全问题；结合第七段If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fermentation will take place in a vessel no bigger than a soda can.(如果被选中，原始重力团队将是第一个在外层空间制造啤酒的人，发酵将在一个不比苏打罐大的容器中进行)可知，发酵过程将在一个不比苏打罐大的容器中进行。据此可推知，该实验过程经过改造后，将更安全、环保。因此，从这篇文章中我们可以了解到D项Its process was adapted to make it safer and greener(其工艺经过调整，使其更安全、更环保)，故选D项。 15.【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables behave in different environments(然而，这个小实验可以通过学习消耗品在不同环境中的行为，为我们在其他行星和卫星上制造和创造自己的资源提供重要数据)可知，通过了解消耗品在不同环境中的反应，这个小实验可以提供重要的数据，告诉我们在其他行星和月球上制造我们自己的资源有多可行。据此可推知，这项实验是有意义、有希望的。因此，作者对学生的想法的看法是C项It’s meaningful and hopeful(它是有意义、有希望的)。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tea is currently the world's most popular drink, only after water. However, there was a time when tea was known only to the Chinese. 1 And how did it get to conquer the world to the extent that people often describe something they really like as their “Cup of tea?” While we know that tea drink started in China, its true origin remains something of a mystery. Legend has it that about 5,000 years ago, Shennong came across tea when dried leaves blew into a pot of boiling water. Following his discovery, tea was used as medicine, included in meals and later offered as a refreshing drink to officials and noblemen. 2 3 over the years, as tea drinking became an important part of China's rich culture. The great Tang poet Du Fu described his tea-drinking experience in poetic language. Lu Yu, a tea master, wrote The Classic of Tea, which remains the earliest and most famous detailed study on tea in the world. It is then not surprising that the beauty of tea was eventually revealed to a wider world. 4 Porters carrying back-breaking loads of tea bricks made their way through dangerous snow-covered mountain passes, to trade Sichuan and Yunnan tea for horses: 5 As early as the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks came to study in China and took with them tea seeds and tea-making customs when returning to Japan. Around the 1600s, tea was shipped to Europe from China by Portuguese and Dutch sea traders. A. So, how did tea originate in China? B. But how was tea introduced overseas? C. Tea became the main theme in ancient poems, D. The love of tea inspired many people to write about it, E. Over time, the gift of tea was further delivered to Western Asia and Eastern Africa. F. Eventually, it became a common drink enjoyed and embraced by all Chinese people. G. Tang and Song Dynasties needed strong Tibetan horses, the Tea Horse Road was born. 【本文大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了茶叶的起源及饮茶的历史。 1.【答案】A 【解析】根据前句However, there was a time when tea was known only to the Chinese.(然而，曾经有一段时间，只有中国人知道茶)以及后句And how did it get to conquer the world to the extent that people often describe something they really like as their “Cup of tea?” (它是如何征服世界的，以至于人们经常把他们真正喜欢的东西描述为他们的“杯茶”？)中的并列连词and后有疑问句，所以此处应该也要填疑问句；根据句意可知，此处应该意指“茶的起源”。A项So, how did tea originate in China?(那么，茶叶是如何起源于中国的呢？)符合文意。故选A项。 2.【答案】F 【解析】本段主要在讲述关于茶的起源的一些传说和历史，根据前句Following his discovery, tea was used as medicine, included in meals and later offered as a refreshing drink to officials and noblemen.(在他的发现之后，茶被用作药物，包括在膳食中，后来作为提神饮料提供给官员和贵族)可知，此处在讲述刚开始茶是作为官员贵族的饮品，之后饮茶的习惯和文化传播到了普通百姓中。F项Eventually, it became a common drink enjoyed and embraced by all Chinese people.(最终，它成为一种普通的饮料，为所有中国人所喜爱和接受)符合文意。故选F项。 3.【答案】D 【解析】根据后文Over the years, as tea drinking became an important part of China’s rich culture. The great Tang poet Du Fu described his tea-drinking experience in poetic language. Lu Yu, a tea master, wrote The Classic of Tea, which remains the earliest and most famous detailed study on tea in the world.(多年来，饮茶成为中国丰富文化的重要组成部分。伟大的唐代诗人杜甫用诗情画意的语言描述了他的饮茶经历。 茶道大师陆羽所著的《茶经》至今仍是世界上最早、最著名的关于茶的详细研究著作)可知，该段落主要在讲述许多名人学了许多有关茶的文章诗词。D项The love of tea inspired many people to write about it,(对茶的热爱激发了许多人写关于茶的文章)符合文意。故选D项。 4.【答案】G 【解析】根据后文Porters carrying back-breaking loads of tea bricks made their way through dangerous snow-covered mountain passes, to trade Sichuan and Yunnan tea for horses(搬运工背着沉重的茶砖，穿过危险的雪山关口，用四川和云南的茶叶交换马匹)可知，该段落主要在讲述茶叶作为重要贸易物资，帮助朝廷和边民交换马匹。因此，促成了丝绸之路的诞生。G项Tang and Song Dynasties needed strong Tibetan horses, the Tea Horse Road was born.(唐宋时期需要强壮的藏马，茶马之路应运而生)符合文意。故选G项。 5.【答案】E 【解析】根据后文As early as the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks came to study in China and took with them tea seeds and tea-making customs when returning to Japan. Around the 1600s, tea was shipped to Europe from China by Portuguese and Dutch sea traders.(早在唐代，日本僧人就来中国学习，回国时带着茶籽和泡茶习俗。大约在17世纪，葡萄牙和荷兰的海上商人将茶叶从中国运往欧洲)可知，此处讲述了茶叶传播到了国外。E项Over time, the gift of tea was further delivered to Western Asia and Eastern Africa.(随着时间的推移，茶叶被进一步送到西亚和东非)符合文意。故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met. They all assured me that I would 1 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I 2 college, I really didn’t care. I lived in the 3 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn’t really try to get to know them. I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 4 . I would always forget names after I met people. When we 5 again and they called out my name, I would reply with a(n) 6 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went on for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 7 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly 8 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 9 together, and meeting in the library to study. One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choirs. They drove me to the campus where my roommate was to 10 . It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 11 when we entered the recital hall. The 120⁃member choir began to sing Happy Birthday to me. 12 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and a cake. I was completely shocked, and I felt 13 to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 14 the piece of paper you receive in the end—it’s 15 on both life and people. 1. A. form B. follow C. approach D. introduce 2. A. left out B. left behind C. left for D. left aside 3. A. dorm B. hotel C. inn D. canteen 4. A. deliberately B. easily C. greedily D. merely 5. A. attended B. emerged C. met D. proposed 6. A. splendid B. unique C. embarrassed D. upset 7. A. turn B. worsen C. arise D. change 8. A. intangible B. aggressive C. tiresome D. close 9. A. exercising B. dropping C. rising D. kicking 10. A. preserve B. perform C. settle D. serve 11. A. surprise B. dislike C. disappointment D. bonus 12. A. Away B. Down C. Back D. Out 13. A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud 14. A. more than B. rather than C. less than D. other than 15. A. culture B. tradition C. custom D. education 【本文大意】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者刚上大学时并不在乎友谊，过了一段时间，情况开始发生变化。作者和两个室友越来越亲密，室友也帮作者准备了生日惊喜。作者意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸，而是对生活和人的一种教育。 1.【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都向我保证，我会与他们建立可以持续一生的友谊。A. form构成、建立；B. follow跟随；C. approach接近；D. introduce介绍。根据上文“Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met.(家里的每个人都告诉我，大学里最美好的事情之一就是我遇到的人)”以及下文“friendships that could last a lifetime”可知是建立持续一生的友谊，故选A。 2.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：坦白地说，在我上大学之前，我真的不在乎。A. left out遗漏；B. left behind留下；C. left for动身去；D. left aside搁置。根据后文“All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn’t really try to get to know them.(我所有的室友看起来都是好人，但我并没有试着去了解他们)”可知，作者要去上大学了，短语leave for college“上大学”符合题意。故选C。 3.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我住六人间——两个相连的小房间里的宿舍。A. dorm宿舍；B. hotel旅馆；C. inn旅馆；D. canteen食堂。根据下文“where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms”以及“All my roommates seemed to be good guys(我所有的室友似乎都是好人)”可知是宿舍。故选A。 4.【答案】B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直很安静，不容易交朋友。A. deliberately故意地；B. easily容易地；C. greedily贪婪地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文“I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends”可知作者一直很安静，不容易交朋友。故选B。 5.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们再次遇到时，他们叫我的名字，我会尴尬地挥一挥手，弱弱地打个招呼。A. attended参加；B. emerged出现；C. met遇见；D. proposed提议。根据上文“I would always forget names after I met people.(我总是在见过人之后忘记他们的名字)”以及下文again可知是再次相遇。故选C。 6.【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们再次遇到时，他们叫我的名字，我会尴尬地挥一挥手，弱弱地打个招呼。A. splendid辉煌的；B. unique独特的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. upset沮丧的。根据上文“I would always forget names after I met people.(我总是在见过人之后忘记他们的名字)”可知作者并不记得这些人的名字因此只能尴尬地挥手，故选C。 7.【答案】D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，情况开始发生变化。A. turn转变；B. worsen恶化；C. arise上升；D. change改变。根据下文“A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking.(我的几个室友想让我不停地说话)”可知事情发生了变化。故选D。 8.【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我和这两个室友开始变得相当亲密。A. intangible无形的；B. aggressive侵略性的；C. tiresome烦人的；D. close亲密的。根据下文“We began going to the cafeteria together(我们开始一起去自助餐厅)”可知作者和室友变得亲密。故选D。 9.【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们开始一起去自助餐厅，一起锻炼，一起去图书馆学习。A. exercising锻炼；B. dropping落下；C. rising上升；D. kicking踢。根据上文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知是一起进行一些日常生活上的活动，exercising最符合语境。故选A。 10.【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们开车送我穿过我室友要表演的校园。A. preserve保存；B. perform表演；C. settle定居；D. serve服务。根据上文“One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choir.(一天晚上，我的室友邀请我去听一个室友和我们学院合唱团的一个同学练习)”可知室友要演出。故选B。 11.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以你可以想象当我们进入演奏厅，120人的唱诗班开始为我唱“生日快乐”时，我是多么的惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. dislike不喜欢；C. disappointment失望；D. bonus奖金。根据上文“It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it.(那天碰巧是我的生日，但我一直保持沉默)”可知，作者没有告诉别人那天是自己的生日，所以有人给自己过生日感到很惊喜。故选A。 12.【答案】C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：回到宿舍，我的朋友们为我举办了一个小型聚会，聚会上有一张卡片和一个蛋糕。A. Away离去；B. Down向下；C. Back回去；D. Out在外面。根据下文“my friends held a small party for me”可知作者回到了宿舍。故选C。 13.【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全惊呆了，我为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。A. aware意识到的；B. afraid害怕的；C. sure确信的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文“I was completely shocked(我完全震惊了)”以及下文“to be able to call them friends”可知，作者十分惊讶，为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。故选D。 14.【答案】A 【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。A. more than多于、不仅仅；B. rather than而不是；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据下文“the piece of paper you receive at the end—It’s an education in both life and people(你最后收到的那张纸——这是对生活和对人的一次教育)”可知，大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。故选A。 15.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。A. culture文化；B. tradition传统；C. custom习俗；D. education教育。根据上文“I realized that college”和下文“in both life and people”可知大学是对生活和人的一种教育。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Life Is Beautiful is a moving and beautiful film that shows a father’s love at its very best. The story is set in 1939 at the start of World War II. Guido, a 1 (cheer) Italian Jewish (犹太人的) waiter, gets married to Dora, 2 is not Jewish. They have a son named Giosue. As they are preparing 3 Giosue’s fifth birthday, the family are arrested and taken to a concentration camp. Dora 4 (send) to the women’s section on the other side of the camp. 5 (hide) the awful truth from his son, Guido pretends they are at a holiday camp and are playing a game. In the game, they have to win points and their goal is to get 1,000 points-and the prize is 6 real tank (坦克) in which they can leave. He pretends Giosue can get points for things such as not 7 (ask) for his mother, and so on. I won’t tell you how the film ends. You will have to watch it 8 (you). Since its first show, many people 9 (recommend) this film, saying that it is a must-see. I 10 (full) agree, as it is one of the most beautiful films I have ever seen-one that I will never forget. 【本文大意】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部展现了父爱的感人的优秀电影《美丽人生》。 1.【答案】cheerful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：Guido，一个乐观的意大利犹太人服务员，娶了不是犹太人的Dora。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词短语“Italian Jewish waiter”；cheerful形容词，表示“乐观的、开朗的”，符合句意。故填cheerful。 2.【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：Guido，一个乐观的意大利犹太人服务员，娶了不是犹太人的Dora。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Dora”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who。故填who。 3.【答案】for 【解析】考查介词。句意：正当他们为Giosue的五岁生日做准备时，一家人被逮捕并被带到集中营。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“Giosue’s fifth birthday”；动词短语prepare for sth.表示“为……作准备”，符合句意。故填for。 4.【答案】is sent 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Dora被送到营地另一边的妇女区。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语；根据上一句“the family are arrested and taken to a concentration camp”及全段内容可知，第二段主要是用一般现在时来讲述电影的故事情节，故空处应用一般现在时；主语是“Dora”，故应用被动语态，表示“Dora被送往……”，且谓语动词为单数。故填is sent。 5.【答案】To hide 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了不让儿子知道可怕的真相，Guido假装他们在度假营地玩游戏。根据句中谓语动词“pretends”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，与“Guido”之间为主动关系，表示“为了向儿子隐藏可怕的真相”，作目的状语，故应用动词不定式；句首字母大写。故填To hide。 6.【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：在游戏中，他们必须赢得分数，他们的目标是得到1000分，奖品是一辆真正的坦克，他们可以乘坐这辆坦克离开。分析句子可知，空处应用冠词，作定语修饰名词短语“real tank”，表示“一辆真正的坦克”，故应为不定冠词，表泛指；“real”为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 7.【答案】asking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他谎称Giosue可以因为诸如不找母亲帮忙之类的事情得到加分。根据句中谓语“can get”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；such as为介词短语，故后面应跟动名词形式。故填asking。 8.【答案】yourself 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：你得自己去看。分析句子和句意可知，空处表示“你自己”，作主语“You”的同位语，故应用反身代词。故填yourself。 9.【答案】have recommended 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从第一次放映以来，很多人都推荐这部电影，说这是一部必看的电影。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“Since its first show”可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语是“many people”，故谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have recommended。 10.【答案】fully 【解析】考查副词。句意：我完全同意，因为这是我看过的最美丽的电影之一，我永远不会忘记。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰动词“agree”，表示“完全地”。故填fully。 第三节 单项选择（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 1. Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance. A. （长篇）小说 B. 奇怪的 C. 好奇的 D. 新颖的 【答案】D 【解析】句意：屠呦呦发现了一种提取有用物质的新方法。根据to extract the useful substance及discover可知，这是一种新颖的方法，novel为形容词，意思为：新颖的。故选D。 2. He committed himself to completing the tough task ahead of schedule. A. 承诺保证 B. 犯（罪或错等） C. 忠于 D. 做出 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他承诺提前完成这项艰巨的任务。由后文的completing the tough task ahead of schedule可知，此处commit的意思是“承诺保证”，commit oneself to doing sth.的意思是“承诺做某事”。故选A。 3. Tom sounded very cold and distant on the phone. A. 遥远的 B. 远处的 C. 疏远的 D. 心不在焉的 【答案】C 【解析】句意：汤姆在电话里听起来非常冷漠和疏远。由前文的cold可知，此处distant的意思是“冷淡的；疏远的”。故选C。 4. She secured a job with the help of her father. A. 保护 B. 获得 C. 安全的 D. 拴牢 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她在父亲的帮助下找到了一份工作。由“a job with the help of her father”可知，句子表示“她在父亲的帮助下找到了一份工作”，secured的意思是“获得”，是动词。故选B。 5. Our school advocates that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus. A. 倡议 B. 声称 C. 支持者 D. 拥护 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们学校提倡我们应该致力于建设一个低碳校园。advocate的意思是“倡议；提倡”，为动词。故选A。 6. I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant, because I have a good command of English. A. 指令 B. 命令 C. 控制 D. 掌握 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我写信申请成为你们的助教，因为我的英语很好。此处command的意思是“掌握”，have a good command of的意思是“精通”。故选D。 7. You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged. A. 宣称 B. 索回 C. 夺走 D. 认领 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果商品有损坏，你可以要求退款。由后文的money back可知，此处claim的意思是“索回”。故选B。 8. “The population __________ issue is severe in USA, but the country has never had more kids, and participation in high school sports has never been higher,” said a professor __________ around 50. A. aging…aging B. aged…aged C. aging…aged D. aged…aging 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“人口老龄化问题在美国非常严重，但这个国家没有生更多的孩子，高中体育的参与度也没有像现在这样高。”一位大约50岁左右的教授说道。aging表示“老化”，作定语修饰issue，aging issue意为“人口老龄化问题”，aged意为“……岁的”，作后置定语修饰professor。故选C。 9. __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。A. To enjoy为了享受；B. Enjoying享受；C. To have enjoyed享受过；D. Enjoy享受。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式，故选A项。 10. —What happened to the young trees we planted last week? —The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would have grown D. would grow 【答案】C 【解析】would have done表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示“可能……”，句意：——我们上星期种的小树怎么了？——如果我过去给它浇水的话，它可能已经长得很好了。故最佳答案是C项。 11. As we all know, every minute, __________ full use of __________ our lessons, will do good to our students. A. which makes; studying B. when made; to study C. that is made; to study D. which is made; studying 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当每一分钟都被充分利用学习我们的功课时候，每一分钟都对学生有好处。every minute与make之间是被动关系，When made full use of to study our lessons=when every minute is made full use of to study our lessons. make full use of的宾语是every minute，of后面用to study表示目的。make full use of time to do sth. 充分利用时间来干某事 when made是省略结构。故选B。 12. Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they __________. A. were to have B. were having C. have had D. had had 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们的空调卖得很好，但是几十年前没有人能想到它们会有这么大的市场份额。根据“decades of years ago no one could have imagined”可知，此处表示过去将来发生的事情，应该用过去将来时，故A项正确。 13. —I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He __________ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我真的不喜欢James。你为什么邀请他？——别担心，他可能不会来。他说了他不确定他的计划是什么。A. must not禁止；B. need not不需要；不必C. would not不会；D. might not可能不。根据下文He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were可知，他可能不来。故选D。 14. When entering the office, __________. A. Winifred was found sitting at a desk B. Winifred was found sat at a desk C. we found Winifred seated at a desk D. we found Winifred seating at a desk 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当进入办公室时，我们发现威妮弗蕾德正坐在一张椅子上。分析句子结构可知，when后面用的entering，说明enter这个动作是主句主语主动发出的动作，所以主句主语应该是we，这是when引导的时间状语从句的省略结构，完整的句子是When we were entering the office, we found Winifred seated at a desk.主句用的是find+宾语+宾补的结构，动词seat用形容词seated，表示Winifred当时的状态。故选C。 15. When I was young, I was told that I __________ play with fire. A. needn’t B. was not able to C. daren’t D. mustn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当我年轻的时候，我被告知不准玩火。A. needn’t不需要；B. was not able to不能；C. daren’t不敢；D. mustn’t禁止。结合句意表示“禁止，不准”应用must的否定形式mustn’t。故选D。 第三部分 写作（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据句子的意思、首字母和汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 1. We need to a__________ (道歉) for the delay to your flight today. 【答案】apologize 【解析】句意：我们要为您今天的航班延误向您道歉。“道歉”的英文表达是apologize，且与空前的to在句中作宾语。根据句意及句子结构，故填apologize。 2. They were bitterly d__________ (失望的) at the result of the game. 【答案】disappointed 【解析】句意：他们对比赛的结果感到非常失望。“失望的”英文表达是disappointed，且在句中作表语。根据句意及句子结构，故答案为disappointed。 3. The m__________ (大多数) of people around here are music lovers and gather every week. 【答案】majority 【解析】句意：在这附近的大多数人都是音乐爱好者，每周都聚会。根据句子结构，“大多数”表达为majority，the majority of“大多数……”为固定短语。根据句意及句子结构，故填majority。 4. A bicycle is often more c__________ (方便的) than a car in towns. 【答案】convenient 【解析】句意：在城镇骑自行车往往比开车方便。根据汉语提示“方便的”以及上文A bicycle is often more可知应填形容词convenient，作表语。根据句意及句子结构，故填convenient。 5. She is d__________ (有决心的) to carry on with her education. 【答案】determined 【解析】句意：她下定决心要继续她的教育。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填形容词determined，表示“下定决心的”，作表语。根据句意及句子结构，故填determined。 6. Much to my r__________ (宽慰), the car was not seriously damaged. 【答案】relief 【解析】句意：让我很宽慰的是，汽车损坏不严重。“宽慰”表达为名词relief，此处考查介词短语to one’s relief，固定搭配，意为“让某人宽慰的是”。根据句意及句子结构，故填relief。 7. She got closer to me and w__________ (耳语) something in my ear. 【答案】whispered 【解析】句意：她走近我，在我耳边说了些什么。“耳语”的英文表达是whisper，且与got构成并列的谓语动词，所以用一般过去时。根据句意及句子结构，故答案为whispered。 8. She b__________ (受益) a lot by daily exercises and is in good health now. 【答案】benefits 【解析】句意：她每天锻炼身体，受益匪浅，现在身体很好。根据汉语提示可知，benefit受益，动词作谓语，符合题意；由空后动词is和时间状语now可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，所以空处动词需用单数。根据句意及句子结构，故填benefits。 9. It had been a success far b__________ (超过) their expectations. 【答案】beyond 【解析】句意：它的成功远远超出了他们的预期。“超过”的英文表达是beyond，是介词，beyond expectation的意思是“超出预期”。根据句意及句子结构，故填beyond。 10. We have to set a time l__________ (限制) for the work and waste no time. 【答案】limit 【解析】句意：我们必须给这项工作设定时间限制，不能浪费时间。根据“set a time”可知，“限制”应用名词limit，作set的宾语，和time搭配表示“时间限制”，且空前有a，limit应用单数形式。根据句意及句子结构，故填limit。 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每空1分，满分15分） 请根据所提供的汉语句子意思完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 1. 除了崎岖的道路之外，恶劣的天气增加了我们爬山的苦难。 __________ __________ __________ the rough road, the bad weather added to our difficulties of climbing the mountain. 【答案】In addition to 【解析】根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“除了……之外”，应表达为介词短语in addition to，后接宾语the rough road，介词短语作状语。第一空首字母大写。根据句意及句子结构，故填In addition to。 2. 重要的是，我们所有人都要牢记真正的目标。 The important thing is for all of us to __________ __________ __________ the real goal. 【答案】keep in mind 【解析】根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“牢记”，表达为动词短语keep in mind，为固定短语，后接宾语the real goal。空前to为不定式符号，因此第一空填动词原形。根据句意及句子结构，故填keep in mind。 3. 他创办了这一慈善事业为了纪念他已故的妻子。 He founded the charity __________ __________ __________ his late wife. 【答案】in memory of 【解析】根据汉语句意，可知应填入固定短语in memory of，表示“为了纪念……”。根据句意及句子结构，故填in memory of。 4. 通过努力，很快我就取得了很大进步，赶上了班里的其他人。 With my effort. I __________ __________ __________ soon and caught up with others in my class. 【答案】made great progress 【解析】根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“取得了很大进步”，应用动词短语make great progress，动词make与and后的动词短语caught up with并列，作谓语，故用一般过去时。progress为不可数名词，作宾语。根据句意及句子结构，故填made great progress。 5. 最初的地震之后发生了一系列余震。 The initial earthquake was followed by __________ __________ __________ aftershocks. 【答案】a series of 【解析】“一系列”的英文表达是a series of。根据句意及句子结构，故答案为a series of。 第三节 应用文（满分15分） 假定你是李华，得知你的美国笔友Tom上周来到中国。他对孔子很感兴趣，所以你决定邀请他到曲阜游玩并一起去逛“三孔”(即孔府、孔庙和孔林)。请根据下列要点给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：(1)表示欢迎；(2)行程安排。 注意：(1) 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3) 不得出现真实姓名和学校班级名称。 Dear Tom, I’m more than glad to learn that you came to China last week. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【范文】 Dear Tom, I’m more than glad to learn that you came to China last week. I express a warm welcome to you. Since you’re interested in Confucius, I’m writing to invite you to visit Qufu this weekend. As you know, Qufu is Confucius’ hometown where the Kong Family Mansion, the Temple of Confucius and the Cemetery of Confucius lie. We’ll visit the Kong Family Mansion and the Temple of Confucius on Saturday, where we can take some pictures and buy some gifts. On Sunday, we can pay a visit to the Cemetery of Confucius by bus as it’s far away from the center of the city. I wish you would accept my invitation. Look forward to seeing you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生美国笔友Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他到曲阜游玩并一起去逛“三孔”(即孔府、孔庙和孔林)。内容包括：(1)表示欢迎；(2)行程安排。 1. 词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → take an interest in 购买：buy → purchase 高兴的：glad → delighted 礼物：gift → present 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Since you’re interested in Confucius, I’m writing to invite you to visit Qufu this weekend. 拓展句：Knowing that you’re interested in Confucius, I’m writing to invite you to visit Qufu this weekend. [高分句型1] As you know, Qufu is Confucius’ hometown where the Kong Family Mansion, the Temple of Confucius and the Cemetery of Confucius lie.（运用了as引导非限制性定语从句，where引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] On Sunday, we can pay a visit to the Cemetery of Confucius by bus as it’s far away from the center of the city.（运用了as引导原因状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 二师附中2023学年第二学期高一6月 期末考 英语 本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、学校、班级、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the Best Science Museums in the World Entering a world-class museum is like opening a door to another world. Your admission ticket is a passport to learning, culture, and fun. California Academy of Sciences The California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco houses an aquarium, planetarium, rainforest, and natural history museum in one location. It’s home to a popular lecture series covering subjects as diverse as birding and engineering for grade-schoolers. In addition, it offers nightlife events for adults and it’s one of the museums where you can spend the night. American Museum of National History The American Museum of National History is famous for being the one of the best dinosaur museums in the world, but it is so much more than that. The museum also features a butterfly conservatory, an Alaska brown bear exhibit, and so much more. It also features a big screen for movies and a planetarium. Shanghai Science and Technology Museum The Shanghai Science and Technology Museum is devoted to popularizing science and making it more accessible. Permanent exhibits focus on the animal world, space, light, human beings and an interactive children’s playground. In addition, there’s an Imax Theatre along with activities like science shows and training camps. Ontario Science Center The Ontario Science Center in Toronto is one of the finest museums in Canada. Popular permanent exhibits include Kidspark where children can build their own roller coaster, play musical instruments, or blow big bubbles. Other exhibits are devoted to the human body, space, and Canadian forests. It features an Imax Omni dome theater, planetarium, and children’s camp. 1. What is special about the California Academy of Sciences? A. It has a large screen for movies. B. It allows adult to stay overnight. C. It holds lectures for grade-schoolers at night. D. It pays special attention to wildlife protection. 2. Which museum will attract you most if you are interested in dinosaurs? A. The Ontario Science Center. B. The California Academy of Sciences. C. The American Museum of National History. D. The Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. 3. What do last two museums have in common? A. Both house an Imax Omni threatre. B. Both host annual exhibitions on local musical instruments. C. Both are famous for thrilling roller-coaster rides. D. Both are quite child-friendly. B Farmer Pak Sadiman has made it his task to raise awareness and do something about Central Java’s water shortage problem, little by little. He has changed his dry village into a groundwater haven by planting trees on nearby land for the last 19 years, and he’s encouraging others to join in, too. Sadiman realised that the land was in need of some water when the Gendol River—previously the source of water for villagers—was quickly drying up. Even rubber trees, the local people’s main source of income, were so dry that they could no longer produce rubber latex. It was then that Sadiman took action so that generations to come could benefit from the planted trees. “Banyan trees, unlike rubber trees, can keep groundwater. The more banyan trees are planted, the more clean water villagers will get,” he thought. Although he would often find his seeds dug up by cattle, the farmer never became discouraged from achieving his goal—providing his village with a clean water source. He’s planted at least 11,000 trees over the last 19 years, and his village seems to have escaped from the dry season. Villagers have joined in Sadiman’s efforts and given him free seeds or worked alongside him to plant the trees. “Pak Sadiman is our hero. This village used to fight with water shortage, but now we have enough water because of him,” the local chief said. Sadiman said as long as he’s physically healthy and fit, he’ll continue to plant trees and finish his vision of avoiding drought and help provide clean water for his fellow villagers. 4. What problem did Pak Sadiman plan to solve? A. Water shortage. B. Villagers’ low income. C. Villagers’ bad living conditions. D. The shortage of natural resources. 5 What can we know about the Gendol River? A. It has provided water for the villagers till now. B. It has enough water even in the dry season. C. It was the main source of water for locals. D. It has been polluted by human activities. 6. Which of the following can best describe Pak Sadiman? A. Friendly and outgoing. B. Kind and determined. C. Thankful and patient. D. Honest and clever. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. A Plan to Plant More Trees B. A Farmer Preferring to Plant Trees C. A Village Saved by the Government’s Efforts D. A Farmer Saving His Village from Drought C The world has lost one of its brightest stars. British physicist Stephen Hawking dies on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76. Hawking is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes and the Big Bang Theory. He has devoted his whole life to digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. His 1988 book A Brief History of Time, which contains his understanding of the universe, is one of the biggest-selling science books of all time. “My goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.” Hawkings achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to communicate except by blinking (眨眼). Later he sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moved two fingers to control the computers mouse. He selected his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer (語音合成器). “I have had the disease for most of my life,” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.” Though Hawking was a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work during his lifetime. This included winning the Albert Einstein Award, which stands for the highest achievement in theoretical physics. Despite the fact that hes no longer with us, his legacy will surely live on. As Sajid Javid, a UK government minister, put it, “A brief history on Earth; an eternity in the stars.” 8. What is the black holes and the Big Bang Theory about? A. The physics. B. The stars. C. The universe. D. The time. 9. What does the underlined pronoun “it” in the third paragraph refer to? A. The universe. B. The earth. C. The goal. D. The black hole. 10. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Hawking received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award. B. The illness kept him from moving and talking. C. He communicated with others by speaking. D. The illness stopped him from being successful. 11. What can we know about Hawking from Sajid Javids words? A. The history of the earth is too short. B. The stars in the universe are eternal. C. His book A Brief History of Time is too short. D. His spirit and achievements will live on forever. D Making beer on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface. The Lab2Moon competition, held by TeamIndus, is offering students the chance to secure a spot on the TeamIndus rocket this year. Taking craft beer to the next level, the students want to test whether it’s possible for yeast (酵母) to work and create beer on the moon. However, they believe the experiment is not just a creative concept for astronauts, it’s also important for the development of drugs and yeast-containing food, like bread. “The idea started out with a few laughs among a group of friends,” said Neeki Ashari, a fifth-year bioengineering student at UC San Diego. “We all appreciate the craft of beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an experiment that would appear on India’s moonlander, we thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality of yeast in outer space.” The preparation work for the beer—up to the stage of adding yeast—will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation (发酵) and carbonation stages of making beer, the team plans to combine them. This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space. If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fermentation will take place in a vessel no bigger than a soda can. All teams competing for the place will showcase their ideas in Bangalore, India. Sadly, you won’t be enjoying moon beer in your local craft beer bar anytime soon, as no samples will be brought back. However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables (消耗品) behave in different environments. 12. How did the students feel when they got the chance to design the experiment? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident. D. Casual. 13. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. The mixing of two stages. B. Adding yeast on Earth. C. The preparation work on Earth. D. Fermentation and carbonation. 14. What can we learn about the experiment from the passage? A. It has been designed based on similar experiments. B. It’s quite competitive compared with other designs. C. Its design has already been approved by TeamIndus. D Its process was adapted to make it safer and greener. 15. What does the author think of the students’ idea? A. It seems like a pipe dream. B. It’s extremely complicated. C. It’s meaningful and hopeful. D. It’s creative but impractical. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tea is currently the world's most popular drink, only after water. However, there was a time when tea was known only to the Chinese. 1 And how did it get to conquer the world to the extent that people often describe something they really like as their “Cup of tea?” While we know that tea drink started in China, its true origin remains something of a mystery. Legend has it that about 5,000 years ago, Shennong came across tea when dried leaves blew into a pot of boiling water. Following his discovery, tea was used as medicine, included in meals and later offered as a refreshing drink to officials and noblemen. 2 3 over the years, as tea drinking became an important part of China's rich culture. The great Tang poet Du Fu described his tea-drinking experience in poetic language. Lu Yu, a tea master, wrote The Classic of Tea, which remains the earliest and most famous detailed study on tea in the world. It is then not surprising that the beauty of tea was eventually revealed to a wider world. 4 Porters carrying back-breaking loads of tea bricks made their way through dangerous snow-covered mountain passes, to trade Sichuan and Yunnan tea for horses: 5 As early as the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks came to study in China and took with them tea seeds and tea-making customs when returning to Japan. Around the 1600s, tea was shipped to Europe from China by Portuguese and Dutch sea traders. A. So, how did tea originate in China? B. But how was tea introduced overseas? C. Tea became the main theme in ancient poems, D. The love of tea inspired many people to write about it, E. Over time, the gift of tea was further delivered to Western Asia and Eastern Africa. F. Eventually, it became a common drink enjoyed and embraced by all Chinese people. G. Tang and Song Dynasties needed strong Tibetan horses, the Tea Horse Road was born. 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met. They all assured me that I would 1 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I 2 college, I really didn’t care. I lived in the 3 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn’t really try to get to know them. I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 4 . I would always forget names after I met people. When we 5 again and they called out my name, I would reply with a(n) 6 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went on for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 7 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly 8 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 9 together, and meeting in the library to study. One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choirs. They drove me to the campus where my roommate was to 10 . It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 11 when we entered the recital hall. The 120⁃member choir began to sing Happy Birthday to me. 12 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and a cake. I was completely shocked, and I felt 13 to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 14 the piece of paper you receive in the end—it’s 15 on both life and people. 1. A. form B. follow C. approach D. introduce 2. A. left out B. left behind C. left for D. left aside 3. A. dorm B. hotel C. inn D. canteen 4. A. deliberately B. easily C. greedily D. merely 5. A. attended B. emerged C. met D. proposed 6. A. splendid B. unique C. embarrassed D. upset 7. A. turn B. worsen C. arise D. change 8. A. intangible B. aggressive C. tiresome D. close 9. A. exercising B. dropping C. rising D. kicking 10. A. preserve B. perform C. settle D. serve 11. A. surprise B. dislike C. disappointment D. bonus 12. A. Away B. Down C. Back D. Out 13. A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud 14. A. more than B. rather than C. less than D. other than 15. A. culture B. tradition C. custom D. education 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Life Is Beautiful is a moving and beautiful film that shows a father’s love at its very best. The story is set in 1939 at the start of World War II. Guido, a 1 (cheer) Italian Jewish (犹太人的) waiter, gets married to Dora, 2 is not Jewish. They have a son named Giosue. As they are preparing 3 Giosue’s fifth birthday, the family are arrested and taken to a concentration camp. Dora 4 (send) to the women’s section on the other side of the camp. 5 (hide) the awful truth from his son, Guido pretends they are at a holiday camp and are playing a game. In the game, they have to win points and their goal is to get 1,000 points-and the prize is 6 real tank (坦克) in which they can leave. He pretends Giosue can get points for things such as not 7 (ask) for his mother, and so on. I won’t tell you how the film ends. You will have to watch it 8 (you). Since its first show, many people 9 (recommend) this film, saying that it is a must-see. I 10 (full) agree, as it is one of the most beautiful films I have ever seen-one that I will never forget. 第三节 单项选择（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 1. Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance. A. （长篇）小说 B. 奇怪的 C. 好奇的 D. 新颖的 2. He committed himself to completing the tough task ahead of schedule. A. 承诺保证 B. 犯（罪或错等） C. 忠于 D. 做出 3. Tom sounded very cold and distant on the phone. A. 遥远的 B. 远处的 C. 疏远的 D. 心不在焉的 4. She secured a job with the help of her father. A. 保护 B. 获得 C. 安全的 D. 拴牢 5. Our school advocates that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus. A. 倡议 B. 声称 C. 支持者 D. 拥护 6. I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant, because I have a good command of English. A. 指令 B. 命令 C. 控制 D. 掌握 7. You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged. A. 宣称 B. 索回 C. 夺走 D. 认领 8. “The population __________ issue is severe in USA, but the country has never had more kids, and participation in high school sports has never been higher,” said a professor __________ around 50. A. aging…aging B. aged…aged C. aging…aged D. aged…aging 9. __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy 10. —What happened to the young trees we planted last week? —The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would have grown D. would grow 11. As we all know, every minute, __________ full use of __________ our lessons, will do good to our students. A. which makes; studying B. when made; to study C. that is made; to study D. which is made; studying 12. Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they __________. A. were to have B. were having C. have had D. had had 13. —I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He __________ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 14. When entering the office, __________. A. Winifred was found sitting at a desk B. Winifred was found sat at a desk C. we found Winifred seated at a desk D. we found Winifred seating at a desk 15. When I was young, I was told that I __________ play with fire. A. needn’t B. was not able to C. daren’t D. mustn’t 第三部分 写作（共三节，满分40分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据句子的意思、首字母和汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 1. We need to a__________ (道歉) for the delay to your flight today. 2. They were bitterly d__________ (失望的) at the result of the game. 3. The m__________ (大多数) of people around here are music lovers and gather every week. 4. A bicycle is often more c__________ (方便的) than a car in towns. 5. She is d__________ (有决心的) to carry on with her education. 6. Much to my r__________ (宽慰), the car was not seriously damaged. 7. She got closer to me and w__________ (耳语) something in my ear. 8. She b__________ (受益) a lot by daily exercises and is in good health now. 9. It had been a success far b__________ (超过) their expectations. 10. We have to set a time l__________ (限制) for the work and waste no time. 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每空1分，满分15分） 请根据所提供的汉语句子意思完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。 1. 除了崎岖的道路之外，恶劣的天气增加了我们爬山的苦难。 __________ __________ __________ the rough road, the bad weather added to our difficulties of climbing the mountain. 2. 重要的是，我们所有人都要牢记真正的目标。 The important thing is for all of us to __________ __________ __________ the real goal. 3. 他创办了这一慈善事业为了纪念他已故的妻子。 He founded the charity __________ __________ __________ his late wife. 4. 通过努力，很快我就取得了很大进步，赶上了班里的其他人。 With my effort. I __________ __________ __________ soon and caught up with others in my class. 5. 最初的地震之后发生了一系列余震。 The initial earthquake was followed by __________ __________ __________ aftershocks. 第三节 应用文（满分15分） 假定你是李华，得知你的美国笔友Tom上周来到中国。他对孔子很感兴趣，所以你决定邀请他到曲阜游玩并一起去逛“三孔”(即孔府、孔庙和孔林)。请根据下列要点给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：(1)表示欢迎；(2)行程安排。 注意：(1) 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3) 不得出现真实姓名和学校班级名称。 Dear Tom, I’m more than glad to learn that you came to China last week. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$