第25讲 完形填空之说明文（讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

第25讲 完形填空之说明文（讲义） 目 录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 4 考点突破·考法探究..................................................................................................................................................... 5 考点一 题形破解........................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.说明文类完形填空解题要点........................................................................................................................... 3 2. 高分技巧......................................................................................................................................................... 4 考点二 语境联想的应用............................................................................................................................................ 5 1.利用上下文的提示........................................................................................................................................... 5 2.用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍................................................................ 5 题形 考查频次 命题特点 完形填空之说明文 · 10年10考 说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。它旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典形题形。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句形结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。 中考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。 目标导航： 1.了解中考英语说明类完形填空解题技巧概览 2.语境联想的应用 3.掌握解题步骤和策略 ❤锦囊妙计 锦囊1：利用首句查明说明对象。 锦囊2：利用逻辑关系之让步关系。 锦囊3：利用逻辑关系之因果关系。 锦囊4：利用逻辑关系之平行关系。 锦囊5：利用逻辑关系之转折关系。 锦囊6：利用词语（搭配）辨析。 锦囊7：利用说明文的结构模式之递进式说明。 考点一 题形破解 1.说明文类完形填空解题要点 解题步骤 内容解读 1.明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。 2.弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意图。 3.运用高分技巧 按照命题分布规律和高分技巧正确解题并代入验证。 2. 高分技巧 ①利用首句，明确说明对象 说明文一般有三类；一是实体事例说明文，包括说明书、广告、解说词、人物介绍等；二是事理说明文，包括理论性解释、文书简介、学术流派等；三是文艺性说明文，即说明对象拟人化。掌握说明对象，可以从整体上把握主旨大意。 ②把握说明文的结构模式 总分式：包括总-分；分-总；总-分-总等具体形式。 递进式：事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序-从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序-事情都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序-剖析事理时就按照其逻辑关系进行安排，或从原因到结果、从主到次、递进或对比等严密的条理性。掌握结构模式，可以对文章的逻辑有更好的把握。 ③逐句精读文章，熟悉逻辑衔接次。 逻辑关系 例词 让步和转折 but, however, yet,unfortunately, although, even though, instead of, rather than, not…but等。 因果关系 because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, because of, now that, as a result, for this reason等。 并列关系 and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, that is to say, as well as, the same…as等。 递进关系 then, besides, what is more, what’s worse, even worse等。 总分关系 such as, for example, for instance等。 考点二 语境联想的应用 1.利用上下文的提示 （1）在完形填空中，有些空格的答案可能直接或间接地在上下文中给出。读者可以寻找与空格相连的句子或段落，以找到可能的答案。 （2）上下文可能提供对某些单词或短语的理解，例如，如果一个单词或短语在句子中是已知的，那么读者可以使用这个已知信息来理解其他相关的单词或短语的含义。 （3）上下文也可能提供对整个文章主题的理解，这可以帮助读者理解文章中的细节和要点。 2.用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍 （1）读者可以利用自己的背景知识和生活经验来理解文章中的某些单词或短语。例如，如果文章谈论体育，那么读者可以利用自己对体育的了解来理解文章中的一些专门术语。 （2）如果文章中出现一些新词汇或难以理解的短语，读者可以利用上下文以及文章的总体主题来猜测其含义。 （3）读者还可以利用文章的语法和结构来理解某些词汇的含义。例如，上下文中的动词时态和形容词的使用可以帮助读者理解某些名词的含义。 典例引领 Passage1（2024·重庆大渡口·三模）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 As we know, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in China. Grain Rain (谷雨) is one of them and it usually 1 on April 20th and ends on May 5th. This solar term is called Grain Rain because it is known for “Rain waters the grain”. After this term ends, there will be more 2 days. The solar term also means more rainfalls. So if you go out in the solar term, you may need to bring a(n) 3 with you. But this is a great time for planting and farming. Chinese people have the 4 , “If you don’t plant crops during Grain Rain, you’ll feel like a crab (螃蟹) is creeping in your heart. ” This means that if you miss the time for planting, you will feel 5 later. When the spring rain falls, farmers also begin to grow crops. Farmers often say, “Spring rain is as precious as oil.” It brings farmers 6 for a good year ahead. There are also many interesting 7 during Grain Rain. In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon with scrambled eggs (香椿炒鸡蛋). That’s why lots of people 8 the toon in the market. The food made during Grain Rain tastes wonderful and is good for your stomach and skin. In the southern part of China, people pick tea leaves on the days of rain. The tea leaves that are 9 during Grain Rain are called Grain Rain tea, which is popular with people. They are 10 for their freshness and fragrance (香味). It’s also said that drinking tea during Grain Rain would prevent bad luck. 1．A．leaves B．meets C．lands D．starts 2．A．hot B．free C．cool D．snowy 3．A．bowl B．umbrella C．cup D．handbag 4．A．saying B．humor C．joke D．taste 5．A．happy B．scared C．sorry D．excited 6．A．work B．money C．energy D．luck 7．A．rules B．customs C．stories D．skills 8．A．set up B．turn off C．write down D．look for 9．A．picked B．grown C．sold D．thrown 10．A．famous B．bad C．ready D．late Passage2（2024·山东潍坊·二模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? A new study has found out some 11 to this question. Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute studied why too much mental effort makes us 12 . They found that when people think a lot, the brain gives off a chemical called glutamate (谷氨酸). Too much glutamate disturbs (扰乱) the brain’s functions (功能). It 13 the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. People who spend more than six hours working on a task that 14 a lot of thoughts are more likely to feel tired. A period of rest allows the brain to return to normal. This explains why a nap (小睡) is 15 for us. A nap can be as short as 20 minutes, 16 it can make us feel completely refreshed. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these had to perform challenging tasks. These 17 looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but 18 task. Both groups worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute 19 . The researchers scanned (扫描) the brains of the participants. They found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate in their brain. Study author Antonius Wiehler said, “It would be great to 20 more about how glutamate levels are restored (恢复).” He asked, “Is sleep helpful? How long do breaks need to be to have a positive effect?” 11．A．answers B．ways C．courses D．results 12．A．happy B．excited C．tired D．relaxed 13．A．tells B．means C．asks D．says 14．A．requires B．reduces C．refuses D．records 15．A．famous B．late C．ready D．good 16．A．or B．but C．though D．so 17．A．included B．caused C．formed D．allowed 18．A．easier B．busier C．bigger D．heavier 19．A．jobs B．breaks C．classes D．lessons 20．A．give out B．put out C．find out D．point out Passage3（2024·广东中山·三模）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Anyone who prepares for an exam will have to plan and study according to a timetable. What is the best time of the day to study? For some, it is the daytime; for others, it’s at night.   After a good night’s sleep, people have more 21 and become more active during the day. It is easy to 22 with teachers, friends, and others to ask any questions that you may have. Furthermore, the natural 23 you get during the day is better than the artificial (人工的) light that you use at night. On the other hand, 24 during the night can also be beneficial. During the night, the environment is very quiet. This creates a setting to study 25 . When you study during the night, your creativity will 26 and this in turn will help you to understand 27 easily. Your ability will also be 28 . However, the best time to study is different from people to people. Whatever the time you choose to study, it is important to  be careful. First, set a goal and 29 concentrating (集中注意力). Next, give yourself enough time to study and organize your study. Above all, be 30 and have confidence in yourself. Then, no one can stop you from achieving your aims. 21．A．time B．energy C．talent D．freedom 22．A．connect B．share C．communicate D．compare 23．A．wind B．light C．environment D．sound 24．A．studying B．reading C．sleeping D．exercising 25．A．impatiently B．seriously C．carelessly D．peacefully 26．A．disappear B．increase C．reduce D．express 27．A．knowledge B．differences C．technology D．advantages 28．A．bad B．weak C．great D．normal 29．A．get on B．work on C．call on D．keep on 30．A．careless B．positive C．grateful D．negative Passage4（2024·福建福州·三模）Autumn is here. Why not head outdoors and discover the world of fungi (真菌)? Fungi are almost everywhere. They are not just under our feet when we go for a walk, but living on 31 of things, even in the air we breathe. Autumn is the 32 time for all kinds of fungi to grow. There is no doubt that fungi are not animals since 33 has seen them moving around. “Then they have to be some kind of plant,” you may think, but no. they are not plants because they do not 34 their own food from sunlight and air. Instead, they get food by digesting (消化) wood, leaves and dead things. 35 fungi are not animals or plants, then what are they? Well, scientists put fungi in their own kingdom, 36 separate from animals and plants. Fungi come in all 37 , colors and forms. Scientists think that there are at least 1.5 million kinds of fungi in total. Humans have found only about 100,000 kinds. “I never know what I might find in the forest,” said Greg Mueller, an expert in fungi. When referring to vegetables, fungi are commonly known as mushrooms. Mushrooms are delicious food, but you should never eat wild mushrooms. Eating wild mushrooms may 38 sickness or even death. The only way to know if a mushroom is 39 is to have an expert take a good look at it. 40 that, never eat even a tiny bit. The world of fungi is fascinating. 31．A．looks B．surfaces C．tastes 32．A．best B．worst C．slowest 33．A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody 34．A．eat B．buy C．make 35．A．If B．Though C．Unless 36．A．luckily B．completely C．sadly 37．A．places B．dates C．shapes 38．A．lead to B．stick to C．go to 39．A．delicious B．safe C．fresh 40．A．After B．During C．Before Passage5（2024·四川·三模）In China, children like to make promises by hooking pinkies (拉钩) with each other. They say, “A pinkie promise must be 41 for 100 years.” Then they may press their thumbs (拇指) together to complete the promise. Sometimes, 42 will hook pinkies and promise to be together forever. There are many guesses on the origin (起源) of the pinkie promise. Some say it comes from a nursery rhyme (童谣). 43 say it was introduced from the West—born out of a love story where a man and a woman hooked fingers. One theory (理论) is that it may have 44 to do with the role of fingers in Chinese culture. The Chinese character for “finger” also means “aim” (referring to people’s thoughts). So hooking fingers can be seen as the exchanging of 45 . Therefore, the fingers play a(n) 46 role in making an oath (盟约): They can not only be used to complete a promise, but also be cut for making a blood oath. When someone swears to heaven (对天发誓), he uses his 47 to point to the sky. 48 , hooking fingers means making a serious promise. In some movies, a person who breaks a promise may have his little finger cut 49 ! Of course, this kind of thing is not very likely to happen in real life. But we can still see 50 important “pinkie promises” can be. So next time,when you hook pinkies with someone, you’d better be careful with your promise! 41．A．recorded B．kept C．remained D．held 42．A．enemies B．cousins C．couples D．scientists 43．A．The other B．Another C．Others D．Other 44．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 45．A．differences B．gifts C．thoughts D．problems 46．A．ancient B．important C．pleasant D．crowded 47．A．finger B．hand C．shoulder D．stomach 48．A．Generally B．Suddenly C．Simply D．Possibly 49．A．up B．down C．off D．behind 50．A．what B．how C．when D．where Passage6（2024·江苏南京·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Silk Road is known to all Chinese. It was an ancient trade way that connected China to other countries. Along this way, many products were traded, 51 spices, silk and food. One of the most important activities of this road was the exchange of currency (货币交换). When people from different places met along the Silk Road, they had to exchange their currencies 52 do the business. However, this was not always 53 , as the value of different currencies is greatly different. Many places had their own currency 54 and marks, which show their cultural history. For example, the Chinese used coins with a square hole in the middle, 55 the Persians used coins with marks of their rulers. Currency exchange also led to the development of new technologies. For example, the Chinese 56 paper money. It was more convenient (便利的) to carry than 57 coins. This creation completely changed the way people did the 58 and made for modern banking development. Today, the Silk Road is no longer in use, but it has a great 59 on our life. By studying the currency culture on the Silk Road, you can get a better understanding of the world and the importance of 60 exchanges. If you have a chance to experience it in person, don’t miss it. 51．A．include B．includes C．including D．included 52．A．because of B．in order to C．instead of D．according to 53．A．easy B．difficult C．cheap D．expensive 54．A．colors B．sizes C．weights D．rules 55．A．while B．though C．until D．unless 56．A．chose B．invented C．brought D．left 57．A．smooth B．rough C．light D．heavy 58．A．project B．business C．shopping D．research 59．A．difficulty B．difference C．influence D．decision 60．A．medical B．local C．natural D．cultural Passage7（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）Over the last 20 years, technology has been used more and more in schools. These days, it’s 61 for students to use computers or tablets. In many places, it’s normal for students to look up information on the Internet rather than using books. 62 is technology really useful to students? A recent report by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) 63 that using technology in classes may not help as much as many people believe. It is true that technology can 64 students to learn in ways that are more interesting; it can help teachers explain difficult ideas; it can also help students who have special needs. But UNESCO also says technology can be very distracting (令人分心). When students use phones in classes, it can 65 their learning. One study shows that even just having a smartphone nearby can be distracting. The 66 of the report is to help improve how technology is used in education. The report says that technology can be 67 , but it shouldn’t be the centre of education. 68 , technology should be used to properly support learning. “Too much 69 on technology in education usually comes at a high cost.” the report says. “We need to teach children to study both with and without technology,” says Manos, the director behind the UNESCO report. Also, the report suggests that the best way to learn is still to work 70 with teachers. Working with other classmates also helps students learn well. UNESCO says that most schools should spend more money on books, classrooms and teachers. 61．A．amazing B．necessary C．correct D． common 62．A．As B．Or C．But D．And 63．A．orders B．warns C．promises D．expects 64．A．allow B．remind C．force D．advise 65．A．get in the way of B．make sure of C．benefit from D．work out 66．A．advantage B．goal C．cause D．background 67．A．exciting B．modern C．basic D．helpful 68．A．Also B．Instead C．However D．Then 69．A．service B．improvement C．attention D．change 70．A．closely B．warmly C．wisely D．peacefully Passage8（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）It was a sunny afternoon. Sam and his sister Lily were helping Mom 71 the room.     “Hey, Sam,” said Mom. “Would you please put these paper-towel tubes (纸巾内管) in the bin? “Sam looked at the tubes and something came to him.” He asked “Could I use them to make a 72 ? “Great idea!” said Mom. Do we have any other good recycling materials?” asked Sam. Come on. “Let’s go and see what else we can find in 73 house”, said Mom.     Then, they walked around in the house and kept 74 . “This box would be good”, Sam pointed out. But it’s full of books. “I was going to   75 those books on the shelves. Could you please give me a 76 ? Then you can have the box,” said Mom. Sam said excitedly “ 77 . “Now I only need several more things.” Sam continued. He happily collected all his materials. He sat on the floor, cutting and gluing all afternoon.     “I like your robot,” said Lily. “Thanks. But his head is broken, and I can’t 78 it,” said Sam. “Hmm,” said Lily. She came up with an idea. She ran away and ran right back with an old hat. “Do you still remember this hat?” asked Lily. “I wore it when I was a baby. Now it’s too 79 for me.” “Thanks, it’s perfect!” said Sam. “What do you think, Mr. Robot?”     “I love it,” said Mr. Robot, in a funny voice. “You are really good 80 making things out of recycling materials.” 71．A．fill up B．clean out C．build up D．find out 72．A．box B．book C．robot D．plane 73．A．our B．your C．their D．its 74．A．running B．listening C．cutting D．searching 75．A．take B．put C．bring D．use 76．A．pen B．hat C．leg D．hand 77．A．That’s right B．Not at all C．You are welcome D．No problem 78．A．see B．get C．fix D．hit 79．A．big B．small C．perfect D．new 80．A．at B．to C．for D．with 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第25讲 完形填空之说明文（讲义） 目 录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 4 考点突破·考法探究..................................................................................................................................................... 5 考点一 题形破解........................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.说明文类完形填空解题要点........................................................................................................................... 3 2. 高分技巧......................................................................................................................................................... 4 考点二 语境联想的应用............................................................................................................................................ 5 1.利用上下文的提示........................................................................................................................................... 5 2.用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍................................................................ 5 题形 考查频次 命题特点 完形填空之说明文 · 10年10考 说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。它旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典形题形。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句形结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。 中考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。 目标导航： 1.了解中考英语说明类完形填空解题技巧概览 2.语境联想的应用 3.掌握解题步骤和策略 ❤锦囊妙计 锦囊1：利用首句查明说明对象。 锦囊2：利用逻辑关系之让步关系。 锦囊3：利用逻辑关系之因果关系。 锦囊4：利用逻辑关系之平行关系。 锦囊5：利用逻辑关系之转折关系。 锦囊6：利用词语（搭配）辨析。 锦囊7：利用说明文的结构模式之递进式说明。 考点一 题形破解 1.说明文类完形填空解题要点 解题步骤 内容解读 1.明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。 2.弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意图。 3.运用高分技巧 按照命题分布规律和高分技巧正确解题并代入验证。 2. 高分技巧 ①利用首句，明确说明对象 说明文一般有三类；一是实体事例说明文，包括说明书、广告、解说词、人物介绍等；二是事理说明文，包括理论性解释、文书简介、学术流派等；三是文艺性说明文，即说明对象拟人化。掌握说明对象，可以从整体上把握主旨大意。 ②把握说明文的结构模式 总分式：包括总-分；分-总；总-分-总等具体形式。 递进式：事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序-从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序-事情都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序-剖析事理时就按照其逻辑关系进行安排，或从原因到结果、从主到次、递进或对比等严密的条理性。掌握结构模式，可以对文章的逻辑有更好的把握。 ③逐句精读文章，熟悉逻辑衔接次。 逻辑关系 例词 让步和转折 but, however, yet,unfortunately, although, even though, instead of, rather than, not…but等。 因果关系 because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, because of, now that, as a result, for this reason等。 并列关系 and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, that is to say, as well as, the same…as等。 递进关系 then, besides, what is more, what’s worse, even worse等。 总分关系 such as, for example, for instance等。 考点二 语境联想的应用 1.利用上下文的提示 （1）在完形填空中，有些空格的答案可能直接或间接地在上下文中给出。读者可以寻找与空格相连的句子或段落，以找到可能的答案。 （2）上下文可能提供对某些单词或短语的理解，例如，如果一个单词或短语在句子中是已知的，那么读者可以使用这个已知信息来理解其他相关的单词或短语的含义。 （3）上下文也可能提供对整个文章主题的理解，这可以帮助读者理解文章中的细节和要点。 2.用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍 （1）读者可以利用自己的背景知识和生活经验来理解文章中的某些单词或短语。例如，如果文章谈论体育，那么读者可以利用自己对体育的了解来理解文章中的一些专门术语。 （2）如果文章中出现一些新词汇或难以理解的短语，读者可以利用上下文以及文章的总体主题来猜测其含义。 （3）读者还可以利用文章的语法和结构来理解某些词汇的含义。例如，上下文中的动词时态和形容词的使用可以帮助读者理解某些名词的含义。 典例引领 Passage1（2024·重庆大渡口·三模）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 As we know, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in China. Grain Rain (谷雨) is one of them and it usually 1 on April 20th and ends on May 5th. This solar term is called Grain Rain because it is known for “Rain waters the grain”. After this term ends, there will be more 2 days. The solar term also means more rainfalls. So if you go out in the solar term, you may need to bring a(n) 3 with you. But this is a great time for planting and farming. Chinese people have the 4 , “If you don’t plant crops during Grain Rain, you’ll feel like a crab (螃蟹) is creeping in your heart. ” This means that if you miss the time for planting, you will feel 5 later. When the spring rain falls, farmers also begin to grow crops. Farmers often say, “Spring rain is as precious as oil.” It brings farmers 6 for a good year ahead. There are also many interesting 7 during Grain Rain. In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon with scrambled eggs (香椿炒鸡蛋). That’s why lots of people 8 the toon in the market. The food made during Grain Rain tastes wonderful and is good for your stomach and skin. In the southern part of China, people pick tea leaves on the days of rain. The tea leaves that are 9 during Grain Rain are called Grain Rain tea, which is popular with people. They are 10 for their freshness and fragrance (香味). It’s also said that drinking tea during Grain Rain would prevent bad luck. 1．A．leaves B．meets C．lands D．starts 2．A．hot B．free C．cool D．snowy 3．A．bowl B．umbrella C．cup D．handbag 4．A．saying B．humor C．joke D．taste 5．A．happy B．scared C．sorry D．excited 6．A．work B．money C．energy D．luck 7．A．rules B．customs C．stories D．skills 8．A．set up B．turn off C．write down D．look for 9．A．picked B．grown C．sold D．thrown 10．A．famous B．bad C．ready D．late 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的谷雨，包括其时间、特点、对农业的重要性以及相关的习俗，如吃香椿炒鸡蛋和采摘谷雨茶等。 1．句意：谷雨通常在4月20日开始，5月5日结束。 leaves离开；meets遇见；lands着陆；starts开始。根据“…on April 20th and ends on May 5th.”可知这里表示谷雨开始的时间，故选D。 2．句意：这个节气结束后，会有更多炎热的天气。 hot炎热的；free自由的；cool凉爽的；snowy下雪的。根据“…on April 20th and ends on May 5th.”可知，5月之后即谷雨过后天气会逐渐变热，故选A。 3．句意：所以如果你在这个节气出去，你可能需要带一把雨伞。 bowl碗；umbrella雨伞；cup杯子；handbag手提包。根据上文“The solar term also means more rainfalls.”可知，谷雨时节雨水较多，所以需要带雨伞，故选B。 4．句意：中国人有句谚语：“谷雨不种田，心里像蟹爬。” saying谚语；humor幽默；joke笑话；taste味道。根据下文“If you don’t plant crops during Grain Rain, you’ll feel like a crab is creeping in your heart.”可知，这是一句谚语，故选A。 5．句意：这意味着如果你错过了种植的时间，以后你会感到遗憾。 happy高兴的；scared害怕的；sorry遗憾的；excited兴奋的。根据上文“If you miss the time for planting”可知，错过种植时间会感到遗憾，故选C。 6．句意：它给农民带来了来年丰收的好运。 work工作；money金钱；energy能量；luck运气。根据上文“Spring rain is as precious as oil.”可知，春雨对农民来说很珍贵，能带来好运，故选D。 7．句意：谷雨期间还有许多有趣的习俗。 rules规则；customs习俗；stories故事；skills技能。根据下文“In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon with scrambled eggs. In the southern part of China, people pick tea leaves on the days of rain.”可知，这里介绍的是谷雨的习俗，故选B。 8．句意：这就是为什么很多人在市场上寻找香椿。 set up建立；turn off关闭；write down写下；look for寻找。根据上文“In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toon with scrambled eggs.”可知，人们喜欢吃香椿炒鸡蛋，所以会在市场上寻找香椿，故选D。 9．句意：在谷雨期间采摘的茶叶被称为谷雨茶，深受人们喜爱。 picked采摘；grown种植；sold出售；thrown扔掉。根据上文“In the southern part of China, people pick tea leaves on the days of rain.”可知，这里说的是采摘的茶叶，故选A。 10．句意：它们以其新鲜和香味而闻名。 famous著名的；bad坏的；ready准备好的；late晚的。根据下文“which is popular with people”可知，谷雨茶因为新鲜和香味而受欢迎，所以是闻名的，故选A。 Passage2（2024·山东潍坊·二模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? A new study has found out some 11 to this question. Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute studied why too much mental effort makes us 12 . They found that when people think a lot, the brain gives off a chemical called glutamate (谷氨酸). Too much glutamate disturbs (扰乱) the brain’s functions (功能). It 13 the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. People who spend more than six hours working on a task that 14 a lot of thoughts are more likely to feel tired. A period of rest allows the brain to return to normal. This explains why a nap (小睡) is 15 for us. A nap can be as short as 20 minutes, 16 it can make us feel completely refreshed. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these had to perform challenging tasks. These 17 looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but 18 task. Both groups worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute 19 . The researchers scanned (扫描) the brains of the participants. They found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate in their brain. Study author Antonius Wiehler said, “It would be great to 20 more about how glutamate levels are restored (恢复).” He asked, “Is sleep helpful? How long do breaks need to be to have a positive effect?” 11．A．answers B．ways C．courses D．results 12．A．happy B．excited C．tired D．relaxed 13．A．tells B．means C．asks D．says 14．A．requires B．reduces C．refuses D．records 15．A．famous B．late C．ready D．good 16．A．or B．but C．though D．so 17．A．included B．caused C．formed D．allowed 18．A．easier B．busier C．bigger D．heavier 19．A．jobs B．breaks C．classes D．lessons 20．A．give out B．put out C．find out D．point out 【答案】 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．B 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．C 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了为什么过度思考会让人感到疲劳的研究。 11．句意：一项新的研究为这一问题找到了一些答案。 answers答案；ways方法；courses课程；results结果。根据“to this question”可知，此处指问题的答案。故选A。 12．句意：巴黎脑研究所的研究人员研究了为什么过多的脑力劳动会让我们感到疲劳。 happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；tired疲劳的；relaxed放松的。根据下文“the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest”可知，此处指疲劳的。故选C。 13．句意：它意味着大脑会告诉身体它累了，必须休息。 tells告诉；means意味着；asks问；says说。根据“It...the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest.”可知，此处指“意味着”，其他选项不符合句意。故选B。 14．句意：花六个小时以上的时间完成一项需要大量思考的任务的人更容易感到疲劳。 requires需要；reduces减少；refuses拒绝；records记录。根据“a lot of thoughts ”可知，此处指需要大量的思考，其他选项不符合句意。故选A。 15．句意：这就解释了为什么小睡对我们有益。 famous著名的；late晚的；ready准备好的；good好的。根据下文“it can make us feel completely refreshed”可知，此处指对我们有益，be good for“对……有好处”。故选D。 16．句意：午睡时间可以短至 20 分钟，但却能让我们感觉神清气爽。 or或者；but但；though尽管；so所以。根据两句的逻辑关系，可知此此处表示转折。故选B。 17．句意：其中包括观看电脑屏幕并对出现的不同字母进行配对。 included包括；caused引起；formed形成；allowed允许。根据“Twenty-four of these had to perform challenging tasks. These”可知，此处介绍研究内容，表示“包括”。故选A。 18．句意：其他16名参与者完成了类似但更简单的任务。 easier更容易的；busier更忙碌的；bigger更大的；heavier更重的。根据上文“Twenty-four of these had to perform challenging tasks.”及“The other 16 participants did a similar, but”可知，此处转折，所以完成更容易的任务。故选A。 19．句意：两个小组都工作了六个小时，并有两次十分钟的休息时间。 jobs工作；breaks休息；classes班级；lessons课程。根据“Both groups worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute”可知，此处指休息，其他选项不符合句意。故选B。 20．句意：如果能进一步了解谷氨酸水平是如何恢复的，那就太好了。give out散发；put out灭火；find out发现；point out指出。根据“It would be great to...more about how glutamate levels are restored”可知，此处指发现，其他选项不符合句意。故选C。 Passage3（2024·广东中山·三模）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Anyone who prepares for an exam will have to plan and study according to a timetable. What is the best time of the day to study? For some, it is the daytime; for others, it’s at night.   After a good night’s sleep, people have more 21 and become more active during the day. It is easy to 22 with teachers, friends, and others to ask any questions that you may have. Furthermore, the natural 23 you get during the day is better than the artificial (人工的) light that you use at night. On the other hand, 24 during the night can also be beneficial. During the night, the environment is very quiet. This creates a setting to study 25 . When you study during the night, your creativity will 26 and this in turn will help you to understand 27 easily. Your ability will also be 28 . However, the best time to study is different from people to people. Whatever the time you choose to study, it is important to  be careful. First, set a goal and 29 concentrating (集中注意力). Next, give yourself enough time to study and organize your study. Above all, be 30 and have confidence in yourself. Then, no one can stop you from achieving your aims. 21．A．time B．energy C．talent D．freedom 22．A．connect B．share C．communicate D．compare 23．A．wind B．light C．environment D．sound 24．A．studying B．reading C．sleeping D．exercising 25．A．impatiently B．seriously C．carelessly D．peacefully 26．A．disappear B．increase C．reduce D．express 27．A．knowledge B．differences C．technology D．advantages 28．A．bad B．weak C．great D．normal 29．A．get on B．work on C．call on D．keep on 30．A．careless B．positive C．grateful D．negative 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了白天学习和晚上学习的好处。 21．句意：睡个好觉后，人们会有更多的精力，白天也会变得更加活跃。 time时间；energy能量；talent天分；freedom自由。根据“After a good night’s sleep, people have more”可知睡了一晚上之后，会有更多的精力。故选B。 22．句意：很容易与老师、朋友和其他人沟通，问你可能有的任何问题。 connect连接；share分享；communicate交流；compare比较。根据“with teachers, friends, and others”可知是和老师、朋友和其他人沟通。故选C。 23．句意：你白天得到的自然光比你晚上使用的人造光要好。 wind风；light光；environment环境；sound声音。根据“you get during the day is better than the artificial (人工的) light that you use at night.”可知白天得到的自然光比人造光要好。故选B。 24．句意：另一方面，晚上学习也可能是有益的。 studying学习；reading读；sleeping睡觉；exercising练习。根据“This creates a setting to study”可知晚上学习是有好处的。故选A。 25．句意：这创造了一个和平学习的环境。 impatiently不耐心地；seriously严肃地；carelessly粗心地；peacefully和平地。根据“the environment is very quiet”可知晚上很安静，可以安静地学习。故选D。 26．句意：当你在晚上学习时，你的创造力会增加，这反过来会帮助你更容易地理解知识。 disappear消失；increase增加；reduce减少；express表达。根据“and this in turn will help you to understand”可知会帮助你理解知识，所以晚上学习时，创造力会增加。故选B。 27．句意：当你在晚上学习时，你的创造力会增加，这反过来会帮助你更容易地理解知识。 knowledge知识；differences不同；technology科技；advantages优势。根据“and this in turn will help you to understand”可知创造力增加，会更容易理解知识。故选A。 28．句意：你的能力也会很棒。 bad坏的；weak弱的；great好的；normal正常的。根据“and this in turn will help you to understand”可知你的创造力会增加，更容易理解知识，能力会更好。故选C。 29．句意：首先，设定一个目标并保持专注。 get on上车；work on向……做工作；call on号召；keep on坚持。根据“concentrating”可知是保持专注。故选D。 30．句意：最重要的是，要积极乐观，对自己有信心。 careless粗心的；positive积极的；grateful感激的；negative消极的。根据“have confidence in yourself.”可知要有信心，要积极乐观。故选B。 Passage4（2024·福建福州·三模）Autumn is here. Why not head outdoors and discover the world of fungi (真菌)? Fungi are almost everywhere. They are not just under our feet when we go for a walk, but living on 31 of things, even in the air we breathe. Autumn is the 32 time for all kinds of fungi to grow. There is no doubt that fungi are not animals since 33 has seen them moving around. “Then they have to be some kind of plant,” you may think, but no. they are not plants because they do not 34 their own food from sunlight and air. Instead, they get food by digesting (消化) wood, leaves and dead things. 35 fungi are not animals or plants, then what are they? Well, scientists put fungi in their own kingdom, 36 separate from animals and plants. Fungi come in all 37 , colors and forms. Scientists think that there are at least 1.5 million kinds of fungi in total. Humans have found only about 100,000 kinds. “I never know what I might find in the forest,” said Greg Mueller, an expert in fungi. When referring to vegetables, fungi are commonly known as mushrooms. Mushrooms are delicious food, but you should never eat wild mushrooms. Eating wild mushrooms may 38 sickness or even death. The only way to know if a mushroom is 39 is to have an expert take a good look at it. 40 that, never eat even a tiny bit. The world of fungi is fascinating. 31．A．looks B．surfaces C．tastes 32．A．best B．worst C．slowest 33．A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody 34．A．eat B．buy C．make 35．A．If B．Though C．Unless 36．A．luckily B．completely C．sadly 37．A．places B．dates C．shapes 38．A．lead to B．stick to C．go to 39．A．delicious B．safe C．fresh 40．A．After B．During C．Before 【答案】 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．C 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了秋天是发现真菌的好时机，真菌的特性以及食用野生蘑菇的风险。 31．句意：当我们散步时，它们不仅在我们的脚下，而且生活在事物的表面，甚至在我们呼吸的空气中。 looks外观；surfaces表面；tastes味道。根据“but living on...of things”可知，真菌生活在各种事物的表面上，故选B。 32．句意：秋天是各种真菌生长的最佳时间。 best最好；worst最差；slowest最慢。根据上文“Autumn is here. Why not head outdoors and discover the world of fungi (真菌)?”和常识可知，秋天是许多真菌生长的季节，故选A。 33．句意：毫无疑问，真菌不是动物，因为没有人见过它们移动。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“There is no doubt that fungi are not animals”可知，真菌不是动物，因为没有人见过它们移动。故选C。 34． 句意：它们不是植物，因为它们不从阳光和空气中制造自己的食物。 eat吃；buy买；make制造。根据“their own food from sunlight and air.”可知，真菌不能从阳光和空气中制造自己的食物，故选C。 35．句意：如果真菌不是动物或植物，那么它们是什么？ If如果；Though虽然；Unless除非。根据“fungi are not animals or plants, then what are they?”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 36．句意：科学家将真菌放在一个完全独立于动物和植物的王国中。 luckily幸运地；completely完全地；sadly悲哀地。根据“in their own kingdom”可知，真菌完全独立于动物和植物。故选B。 37．句意：真菌有各种形状、颜色和形式。 places地方；dates日期；shapes形状。根据“Fungi come in all..., colors and forms”可知，真菌有各种形状、颜色和形式。故选C。 38．句意：吃野生蘑菇可能导致疾病甚至死亡。 lead to导致；stick to坚持；go to去。根据“sickness or even death”可知，吃野生蘑菇可能会导致严重后果，故选A。 39．句意：知道蘑菇是否安全的唯一方法是让专家仔细检查。 delicious美味的；safe安全的；fresh新鲜的。根据“to have an expert take a good look at it. ”可知，让专家仔细检查后才知道蘑菇是否安全，故选B。 40． 句意：在此之前，绝对不要吃哪怕一小口。 After之后；During期间；Before之前。根据语境可知，在专家没有检查之前，绝对不要吃哪怕一小口。故选C。 Passage5（2024·四川·三模）In China, children like to make promises by hooking pinkies (拉钩) with each other. They say, “A pinkie promise must be 41 for 100 years.” Then they may press their thumbs (拇指) together to complete the promise. Sometimes, 42 will hook pinkies and promise to be together forever. There are many guesses on the origin (起源) of the pinkie promise. Some say it comes from a nursery rhyme (童谣). 43 say it was introduced from the West—born out of a love story where a man and a woman hooked fingers. One theory (理论) is that it may have 44 to do with the role of fingers in Chinese culture. The Chinese character for “finger” also means “aim” (referring to people’s thoughts). So hooking fingers can be seen as the exchanging of 45 . Therefore, the fingers play a(n) 46 role in making an oath (盟约): They can not only be used to complete a promise, but also be cut for making a blood oath. When someone swears to heaven (对天发誓), he uses his 47 to point to the sky. 48 , hooking fingers means making a serious promise. In some movies, a person who breaks a promise may have his little finger cut 49 ! Of course, this kind of thing is not very likely to happen in real life. But we can still see 50 important “pinkie promises” can be. So next time,when you hook pinkies with someone, you’d better be careful with your promise! 41．A．recorded B．kept C．remained D．held 42．A．enemies B．cousins C．couples D．scientists 43．A．The other B．Another C．Others D．Other 44．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 45．A．differences B．gifts C．thoughts D．problems 46．A．ancient B．important C．pleasant D．crowded 47．A．finger B．hand C．shoulder D．stomach 48．A．Generally B．Suddenly C．Simply D．Possibly 49．A．up B．down C．off D．behind 50．A．what B．how C．when D．where 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．A 49．C 50．B 【文章大意】本文主要讲述在中国孩子们相互拉钩做出的承诺以及这些承诺的意义。 41．句意：他们说，一个小指的承诺要保持100年。 recorded记录；kept保持；remained剩余；held持有。根据“A pinkie promise must be…”可知是信守诺言，keep a promise“遵守诺言”，为固定表达。故选B。 42．句意：有时夫妻会拉钩并且承诺永远在一起。 enemies敌人；cousins堂兄弟；couples夫妇；scientists科学家。根据“will hook pinkies and promise to be together forever.”可知，拉钩表示永远在一起的应是夫妻。故选C。 43．句意：也有人说它是从西方引进的——诞生于一个男女拉钩的爱情故事。 The other(两者中)另一个；Another(三者及以上)另一个；Others其他人或物；Other其他的。根据“Some say…”可知此处是some…others...“一些……其他人……”的结构。故选C。 44．句意：一种理论说，在中国的文化中，它可能与手指的角色有关。 something某事，一般用于肯定句中；anything任何事，一般用于疑问句和否定句中；everything一切；nothing没有事。根据下文“The Chinese character for ‘finger’ also means ‘aim’ (referring to people’s thoughts).”可知与手指有关，have something to do with“与……有关”。故选A。 45．句意：所以拉钩可以被看作是“交换思想”。 differences差异；gifts礼物；thoughts思想；problems问题。根据上文“The Chinese character for ‘finger’ also means ‘aim’ (referring to people’s thoughts)”可知，表示“交换思想”，故选C。 46．句意：因此，手指在宣誓中扮演着重要的角色。 ancient古代的；important重要的；pleasant令人愉快的；crowded拥挤的。根据下文“They can not only be used to complete a promise, but also be cut for making a blood oath.”可知手指扮演着重要的角色，故选B。 47．句意：当一个人对天发誓时，他用他的手指指着天空。 finger手指；hand手；shoulder肩部；stomach胃。根据“Therefore, the fingers play an important role in making an oath”可知，手指在宣誓中扮演着重要的角色，应是用手指指着天空，故选A。 48．句意：一般来说，拉钩意味着做一个重要的承诺。 Generally一般地，通常；Suddenly突然，忽然；Simply简单地；Possibly可能地。根据下文“In some movies, …So next time, when you hook pinkies with someone, you’d better be careful with your promise!”可知在一些电影中，违背承诺的人可能会被切断手指，当你和某人拉钩时，你最好小心你的承诺，由此可知是一般来说。故选A。 49．句意：在一些电影中，一个违背承诺的人可能会被切断手指。 up向上；down向下；off离开；behind在后面。根据常识和语境可知在电影中违背承诺的人会被切断手指，cut off“切断”。故选C。 50．句意：但是我们仍然可以看到钩手指是多么重要。 what什么；how如何；when什么时候；where哪里。根据上文“In some movies, a person who breaks a promise may have his little finger cut off!”可知钩手指多么重要，空格处修饰形容词important，可知填how。故选B。 Passage6（2024·江苏南京·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Silk Road is known to all Chinese. It was an ancient trade way that connected China to other countries. Along this way, many products were traded, 51 spices, silk and food. One of the most important activities of this road was the exchange of currency (货币交换). When people from different places met along the Silk Road, they had to exchange their currencies 52 do the business. However, this was not always 53 , as the value of different currencies is greatly different. Many places had their own currency 54 and marks, which show their cultural history. For example, the Chinese used coins with a square hole in the middle, 55 the Persians used coins with marks of their rulers. Currency exchange also led to the development of new technologies. For example, the Chinese 56 paper money. It was more convenient (便利的) to carry than 57 coins. This creation completely changed the way people did the 58 and made for modern banking development. Today, the Silk Road is no longer in use, but it has a great 59 on our life. By studying the currency culture on the Silk Road, you can get a better understanding of the world and the importance of 60 exchanges. If you have a chance to experience it in person, don’t miss it. 51．A．include B．includes C．including D．included 52．A．because of B．in order to C．instead of D．according to 53．A．easy B．difficult C．cheap D．expensive 54．A．colors B．sizes C．weights D．rules 55．A．while B．though C．until D．unless 56．A．chose B．invented C．brought D．left 57．A．smooth B．rough C．light D．heavy 58．A．project B．business C．shopping D．research 59．A．difficulty B．difference C．influence D．decision 60．A．medical B．local C．natural D．cultural 【答案】 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．D 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了丝绸之路和货币交换的发展历史以及对现在的影响。 51．句意：沿着这条路，许多产品被交易，包括香料、丝绸和食品。 include包括，动词原形；includes第三人称单数形式；including介词，包括；included包括，动词过去式。根据“...spices, silk and food”可知，此处应填介词，表示列举。故选C。 52．句意：当来自不同地方的人们沿着丝绸之路相遇时，他们必须交换他们的货币以完成交易。 because of因为；in order to为了；instead of而不是；according to通过。根据“exchange their currencies...do the business”可知，交换货币是为了完成商业贸易。故选B。 53．句意：然而，这并不总是那么容易，因为不同货币的价值差别很大。 easy容易；difficult困难的；cheap便宜点；expensive昂贵的。根据“as the value of different currencies is greatly different”可知，此处表示不容易的。故选A。 54．句意：许多地方都有自己的货币规则和标志，这显示了他们的文化历史。 colors颜色；sizes尺码；weights重量；rules规则。根据“For example, the Chinese used coins with a square hole in the middle,...the Persians used coins with marks of their rulers.”可知，此处是指货币规则。故选D。 55．句意：例如，中国人使用中间有一个方孔的硬币，而波斯人使用带有统治者标志的硬币。 while然而；though尽管；until直到；unless除非。根据上文“the Chinese used coins with a square hole in the middle”和下文“the Persians used coins with marks of their rulers”可知，上下文之间是转折关系。故选A。 56．句意：例如，中国人发明了纸币。 chose选择；invented发明；brought带来；left离开。根据上文“Currency exchange also led to the development of new technologies.”可知，此处是指发明了纸币。故选B。 57．句意：它比沉重的硬币携带起来更方便。 smooth顺滑的；rough粗糙的；light轻的；heavy重的。根据“It was more convenient to carry than...coins.”可知，此处是指与硬币相比，纸币更方便携带。故选D。 58．句意：这一发明彻底改变了人们做生意的方式，促进了现代银行业的发展。 project工程；business生意；shopping购物；research研究。根据“This creation completely changed the way people did the...and made for modern banking development.”可知，此处表示彻底改变了人们做生意的方式。故选B。 59．句意：今天，丝绸之路不再使用，但它对我们的生活有很大的影响。 difficulty困难；difference不同；influence影响；decision决定。have an influence on...“对……有影响”。故选C。 60．句意：通过研究丝绸之路上的货币文化，你可以更好地了解世界和文化交流的重要性。 medical医学的；local本地的；natural自然的；cultural文化的。根据“By studying the currency culture on the Silk Road”可知，此处是指文化交流的重要性。故选D。 Passage7（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）Over the last 20 years, technology has been used more and more in schools. These days, it’s 61 for students to use computers or tablets. In many places, it’s normal for students to look up information on the Internet rather than using books. 62 is technology really useful to students? A recent report by UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) 63 that using technology in classes may not help as much as many people believe. It is true that technology can 64 students to learn in ways that are more interesting; it can help teachers explain difficult ideas; it can also help students who have special needs. But UNESCO also says technology can be very distracting (令人分心). When students use phones in classes, it can 65 their learning. One study shows that even just having a smartphone nearby can be distracting. The 66 of the report is to help improve how technology is used in education. The report says that technology can be 67 , but it shouldn’t be the centre of education. 68 , technology should be used to properly support learning. “Too much 69 on technology in education usually comes at a high cost.” the report says. “We need to teach children to study both with and without technology,” says Manos, the director behind the UNESCO report. Also, the report suggests that the best way to learn is still to work 70 with teachers. Working with other classmates also helps students learn well. UNESCO says that most schools should spend more money on books, classrooms and teachers. 61．A．amazing B．necessary C．correct D． common 62．A．As B．Or C．But D．And 63．A．orders B．warns C．promises D．expects 64．A．allow B．remind C．force D．advise 65．A．get in the way of B．make sure of C．benefit from D．work out 66．A．advantage B．goal C．cause D．background 67．A．exciting B．modern C．basic D．helpful 68．A．Also B．Instead C．However D．Then 69．A．service B．improvement C．attention D．change 70．A．closely B．warmly C．wisely D．peacefully 【答案】 61．D 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．A 66．B 67．D 68．B 69．C 70．A 【文章大意】本文讨论了科技在教育中的使用及其影响。 61．句意：这些天，学生使用电脑或平板电脑是很常见的。 amazing惊人的；necessary必要的；correct正确的；common常见的。根据“for students to use computers or tablets”可知，使用电脑或平板电脑在学校里变得越来越普遍，故选D。 62．句意：但是，科技对学生真的有用吗？ As因为；Or或者；But但是；And和。根据上下文，前后句子形成转折关系，故选C。 63．句意：联合国教科文组织最近的一份报告警告说，在课堂上使用科技可能并不像许多人认为的那样有帮助。 orders命令；warns警告；promises承诺；expects期望。根据“that using technology in classes may not help as much as many people believe.”可知，报告在警告科技的使用问题，故选B。 64．句意：确实，科技可以允许学生以更有趣的方式学习。 allow允许；remind提醒；force强迫；advise建议。根据“technology can ... students to learn in ways that are more interesting”可知，科技可以让学生以更有趣的方式学习，故选A。 65．句意：当学生在课堂上使用手机时，它会妨碍他们的学习。 get in the way of妨碍；make sure of确保；benefit from受益于；work out解决。根据“their learning”可知，手机会妨碍学习，故选A。 66．句意：报告的目标是帮助改进科技在教育中的使用。 advantage优势；goal目标；cause原因；background背景。根据“is to help improve how technology is used in education”可知，报告的目的是改进科技的使用，故选B。 67．句意：报告说，科技可以是有帮助的，但它不应该是教育的中心。 exciting令人兴奋的；modern现代的；basic基本的；helpful有帮助的。根据“technology can be”可知，科技是有帮助的，故选D。 68．句意：相反，科技应该被用来适当地支持学习。 Also也；Instead相反；However然而；Then然后。根据“technology should be used to properly support learning”可知，技术不应该是教育的中心，而是应该用来支持学习，故选B。 69．句意：对科技在教育中的过度关注通常会带来高昂的代价。 service服务；improvement改进；attention关注；change变化。根据“Too much ... on technology in education”可知，过度关注教育中的科技会带来高昂的代价，故选C。 70．句意：报告还建议，最好的学习方式仍然是与老师密切合作。 closely密切地；warmly热情地；wisely明智地；peacefully和平地。根据“to work ... with teachers”可知，与老师密切合作是最好的学习方式，故选A。 Passage8（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）It was a sunny afternoon. Sam and his sister Lily were helping Mom 71 the room.     “Hey, Sam,” said Mom. “Would you please put these paper-towel tubes (纸巾内管) in the bin? “Sam looked at the tubes and something came to him.” He asked “Could I use them to make a 72 ? “Great idea!” said Mom. Do we have any other good recycling materials?” asked Sam. Come on. “Let’s go and see what else we can find in 73 house”, said Mom.     Then, they walked around in the house and kept 74 . “This box would be good”, Sam pointed out. But it’s full of books. “I was going to   75 those books on the shelves. Could you please give me a 76 ? Then you can have the box,” said Mom. Sam said excitedly “ 77 . “Now I only need several more things.” Sam continued. He happily collected all his materials. He sat on the floor, cutting and gluing all afternoon.     “I like your robot,” said Lily. “Thanks. But his head is broken, and I can’t 78 it,” said Sam. “Hmm,” said Lily. She came up with an idea. She ran away and ran right back with an old hat. “Do you still remember this hat?” asked Lily. “I wore it when I was a baby. Now it’s too 79 for me.” “Thanks, it’s perfect!” said Sam. “What do you think, Mr. Robot?”     “I love it,” said Mr. Robot, in a funny voice. “You are really good 80 making things out of recycling materials.” 71．A．fill up B．clean out C．build up D．find out 72．A．box B．book C．robot D．plane 73．A．our B．your C．their D．its 74．A．running B．listening C．cutting D．searching 75．A．take B．put C．bring D．use 76．A．pen B．hat C．leg D．hand 77．A．That’s right B．Not at all C．You are welcome D．No problem 78．A．see B．get C．fix D．hit 79．A．big B．small C．perfect D．new 80．A．at B．to C．for D．with 【答案】 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．D 75．B 76．D 77．D 78．C 79．B 80．A 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了山姆用家里的可回收材料做了一个机器人。 71．句意：山姆和他的妹妹莉莉正在帮妈妈打扫房间。 fill up填充；clean out清理；build up建立；find out查明。根据“Would you please put these paper-towel tubes (纸巾内管) in the bin”可知，正在打扫房间，故选B。 72．句意：我可以用它们来制造机器人吗？ box盒子；book书；robot机器人；plane飞机。根据“I like your robot”可知，是做了一个机器人，故选C。 73．句意：让我们去看看我们还能在家里找到什么。 our我们的；your你的；their他们的；its它的。根据“house”可知，在我们的房子里能找到什么，故选A。 74．句意：然后，他们四处走动，继续寻找。 running跑；listening听；cutting切；searching搜索。根据“Then, they walked around in the house”和上文内容可知，在房间里寻找东西，故选D。 75．句意：我打算把那些书放在书架上。 take拿；put放置；bring带来；use使用。根据“Sam pointed out. But it’s full of books.”可知，把书放在书架上，故选B。 76．句意：你能帮我一下吗？ pen钢笔；hat帽子；leg腿；hand手。give sb a hand“帮助某人”，故选D。 77．句意：“好，没问题！”山姆兴奋地说。 That’s right那是对的；Not at all没关系；You are welcome不用谢；No problem没问题。根据上文内容可知，山姆愿意帮忙，因此没有问题，故选D。 78．句意：但他的头坏了，我修不了。 see看见；get得到；fix修理；hit击打。根据“But his head is broken”可知，头坏了，我修理不了，故选C。 79．句意：现在对我来说太小了。 big大的；small小的；perfect完美的；new新的。根据“I wore it when I was a baby.”可知，婴儿时期的帽子现在很小，故选B。 80．句意：你真的很擅长用回收材料做东西。 at在；to到；for为了；with和。根据上文内容可知，是擅长做东西，be good at“擅长”。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$