第19讲 完形填空-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（北京专用）

第十九讲、完形填空 知识目标 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 2 考点突破·考法探究 3 （一）考向探究 3 （二）解题技巧 3 （三）解题步骤 4 分层训练·巩固提升 4 基础训练 4 能力提升 8 完形填空是近年来全国英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。 完形填空通常选用一篇250个单词左右的短文，一般采用故事体裁，尽量避免专业性太强的文章。 完形填空要求考生既要运用自己所学过的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识理解每个句子，又要处理好句子与句子之间以及句子与全文之间的内在联系，主要测试考生在具体语言环境中把握文章的篇章结构、中心思想和推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法或固定搭配等方面的能力，以及对所学英语知识的综合运用能力、 快速阅读理解能力和逻辑推理判断能力等，因而该题型能较全面地反映考生对所学知识的掌握程度。 完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年的广州市、北京中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解 完形填空题侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。它的知识构建主要这几个方面 （1）从词语层面：主要考词语辨析、固定搭配与习惯表达； （2）从句子层面：主要考句子意义的逻辑性与合理性； （3）从篇章层面：主要考篇章的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系。 题材 1 日常生活 ②幽默故事 ③著名人物 ④文化习俗 ⑤科普知识 ⑥…… 文体 1 记叙文（重点考查） ②说明文 ③议论文 （一）考向探究 完形填空要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及整个语篇的意义关系。难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。 1、词语层面(phrase level)：词语辨析、固定搭配、习惯搭配 2、句子层面(sentence level)：句子意义的逻辑性与合理性 3、段落层面(paragraph level)：段落的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系 4、篇章层面(passage level)：语篇的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系 考点分布 完形填空以考查实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词及相关短语为主，难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。 （二）解题技巧 1. 逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。 2. 词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。 3. 生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。 4. 语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。 5. 固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。 方法一、语境推断 根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，理解事件发生的语境，根据体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。 方法二、词汇复现 词汇复现是指文章中的某一词以原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了互相衔接。 方法三、逻辑推理 完形填空的各段落之间有着逻辑上的联系，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断出正确答案。逻辑关系主要有：并列关系(and…)；转折关系(but, however, though, yet, otherwise, while…)；顺序关系(before, after, then, finally…)；让步关系(although, despite…)；因果关系(so, thus, for…)；条件关系(if, in case…)；递进关系(moreover, besides, furthermore, what’s more, in addition to, as well as…)。 方法四、生活常识，常用搭配 将文章的意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。 （三）解题步骤 要做好完形填空，必须掌握一定的解题方法和技巧，才能尽量做到在有能力得分的题上不丢分。完形填空的解题步骤是：通览——试填——复核。 1. 通览——速读全文，把握大意。 快速阅读全文，通过通览全文来领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等，并找出信息词。 2. 试填——紧扣文意，瞻前顾后。 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意从词的意义、搭配、习惯用法、常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。 3. 复核——全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确。 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。 基础训练 方法一、语境推断 1. One sunny morning, when Zebra (斑马) visited the river for a cool drink, he heard a tiny voice. “Help me, Zebra!” Zebra looked around and found Wasp (黄蜂) 16  in a spider web in a thornbush (荆棘丛). A. resting B. playing C. caught D. hidden     2. Carefully, Zebra reached into it, but the thorns  2  him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving. A. hurt B. hit C. refused D. killed    3. Wasp was resting in the bushes when she saw Zebra. She also found Lion hiding quietly ahead. If Zebra got too close to Lion…Thinking quickly, Wasp flew down and gave Lion a sudden sting. The  8  lion cried. “Roooooaaar!” Zebra heard the loud cry. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bored 方法二、词汇复现 4. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Zebra said. “I might not be nearby the next time a spider gets 6.” Then he left.      …A moment later, Wasp flew around Zebra’s head. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Wasp said with a laugh. “I might not be nearby the next time a lion gets hungry.” A. sleepy B. angry C. thirsty D. hungry 4. All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he noticed his favourite fruit—some berries!…The surprised lion cried. “Roooooaaar!” Zebra heard the loud cry. In a second, he turned around and ran back to his  9 . A. friend B. family C. river D. fruit 方法三、逻辑推理 5. Carefully, Zebra reached into it, but the thorns hurt him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving… Zebra laughed. “I’m fast and strong. Besides, I have a big family. Why would I need help from a little wasp?” “Please try one more time,” Wasp said. Zebra knocked at the web again. 5, this time it was enough to free Wasp. A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Strangely 方法四、生活常识，常用搭配 6. All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he noticed his favourite fruit—some berries! The hungry Zebra ran to 7 the berries. A. smell B. taste C. touch D. watch 点对点练习 7.When we talked, I discovered some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little__________ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.[ ] A. shorter  B. longer  C. earlier  D. later 8.I've brought up a son who can not even__________ the truth to his own father.[ ] A. talk B. speak C. say D. tell 9.Mrs Grant stood up and absent-mindedly(心不在焉) picked up the umbrella that was________ on the seat in front of her.[ ] A. hanging  B. appearing  C. dropping D. losing 10.Amy is among the___________ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted Amy a full scholarship -HK$500,000.Not all students are so fortunate.[ ] A. poor  B. smart C. lucky  D. silent 11.My mother often asked me, “What is the most important part of the body? "I thought sound was very important to us as humans, So I said：“My_________ ,Mommy.” She said：“No，Many people are deaf...”[ ] A. ears  B. eyes  C. body  D. head Passage 1 One day a teacher told her students about a surprise test. The students sat down and waited for the test to begin. The teacher put a test paper on each student’s desk and then asked them to 31 the test. The students were 32 to see no questions, but just a black dot ( 圆 点 ) in the center of the page. The teacher said, “I just want you to write down what you see on this paper.” The students did not know why, but still 33 as the teacher said. At the end of the class, the teacher started reading the students’ answers aloud. She found that the students tried to 34   the black dot. After the teacher finished reading, the class was silent (沉默的). She started to 35 the students why she did it. “It is not a test. I just want you to think about something. All of you could only see the black dot and wrote about it, but nobody wrote about the 36 area on the paper.” “Now, imagine (想象) this paper is your 37 and the black dot is the bad thing in your life. Life provides us with many other things—loved ones, interesting games, happiness and so on. However, a lot of us always look at the 38 things.” “From now on, I want you to think about the big 39 , not just the dot. Tell yourself you are 40 to have a lot of happiness in your life.” 31. A. end B. begin C. work D. teach 32. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bored 33. A. painted B. dreamed C. did D. talked 34. A. draw out B. think about C. write about D. return to 35. A. tell B. say C. speak D. ask 36. A. black B. white C. dark D. light 37. A. life B. problems C. happiness D. difficulties 38. A. weak B. bad C. recent D. good 39. A. centre B. picture C. energy D. guide 40. A. lucky B. unhappy C. clever D. foolish Passage 2 Once there was a farmer who owned a farm near the ocean. It was 1 for him to do all the farm work alone, so he went to hire someone for help. But most people didn’t want to work on farms there because of the awful storm across the ocean. One day a middle-aged man came for a(n) 2 . The farmer asked, “Are you good at farm work?” The man answered, “Well, I can sleep when the wind blows.” The farmer didn’t understand what he meant but he still hired him. The man started to work on the farm. He worked hard and kept busy every day. The farmer was satisfied with his work. One night the wind blew 3 . When the farmer head the big sound, he jumped out of the bed and 4 the man’s room. He shouted at the man. “Get up! Hurry! A storm is coming! We have to tie things up before the wind blows them sway.” But the man said. “No, sir. I’ve already told you I can sleep when the wind blows.” The farmer was very 5 and planned to fire him from his job after the storm. He hurried outside to 6 the storm. To his surprise, he discovered that cows and chickens were in place and doors of the farmhouse were 7 . Everything was in its right place. Nothing could be blown away by the storm. Just then the farmer 8 the man’s words. He was able to sleep well because he had done what he could to 9 the farm from storms. When one is well prepared, he has 10 to fear. 1. A. crazy B. lonely C. difficult D. unnecessary 2. A. trip B. exercise C. interview D. conversation 3. A. softly B. heavily C. gently D. hardly 4. A. rushed into B. got out of C. went past D. ran through 5. A. sad B. angry C. upset D. surprised 6. A. wait for B. look at C. escape from D. prepare for 7. A. closed B. gone C. repaired D. broken 8. A. saw B. heard C. repeated D. understood 9. A. find B. protect C. move D. take 10. A. something B. somebody C. nothing D. nobody Passage 3 The English teacher came into the classroom with test papers in his hands. He said with a smile, “I know there are too many tests for you these days, but the test today is very 1 . It is different from your other tests.” The teacher started to hand out the test papers to each student. There was only a small black “X” in the middle of the paper. The students were very 2 to see that. The teacher noticed the students’ surprise. Then he said, “I want you to 3 what you see there. You must finish it by yourselves.” All the students 4 about it hard and then wrote down their answers quietly. The next day, the teacher said, “You only paid attention to the black ‘X’, but nobody wrote about the white paper.” The whole class listened 5 , because they worried that they might fail the exam. Then the teacher said, “Don’t worry. I just want you to think about your 6 . The white paper is like your whole life and the black ‘X’ is just like the problems in your daily life.”   7 , the students understood what the test was about. Life is a wonderful 8 , full of love and care. If you only care about the problems, you’ll never 9 that they are much smaller than everything else life gives you. So it’s better to look on the bright side, 10 each moment, and find happiness in life. 1. A. usual B. perfect C. hard D. special 2. A. bored B. surprised C. excited D. relaxed 3. A. choose from B. write about C. deal with D. carry out 4. A. thought B. cared C. talked D. asked 5. A. hardly B. quickly C. carefully D. slowly 6. A. life B. grade C. value D. family 7. A. Still B. Even C. Regularly D. Finally 8. A. part B. way C. gift D. door 9. A. hear B. find C. show D. miss 10. A. enjoy B. fight C. watch D. study 能力提升 Passage 1（2024·北京海淀区一模试题） In her grandparents’old house, Maya discovered an old family calendar, with each page filled out carefully. On June 6, 1892: “Helped Mr Thompson repair his house.” On November 14, 1907: “ 13 my time at an old people’s home.” Curious, she asked her grandmother about it. “That is the tradition of our family,” her grandmother explained. “Every day, for generations (世代), we complete one act of kindness and take it down. No matter how 14 it is. ” Maya was interested. “Why?” Her grandmother smiled, “It’s a belief that through continuous kind actions, we can create a life of 15 . Every day, we find a moment of light through offering help to others, even when the world around us is dark.” With admiration, Maya decided to keep the tradition. Every night, she would record her act of kindness for the day. As the years went by, Maya’s entries of her kind act 16 , from comforting a distressed stranger on the bus to organizing community clean-ups. One day, as she sat at a café, a young woman came to her. “Are you Maya?” She asked politely. Maya nodded, feeling 17 . The woman went on, “Years ago, you taught me for free when my family couldn’t afford lessons. Because of you, I graduated top of my class. Today, I 18 an organization providing help for students from poor families.” Maya was moved and proud. She realized her actions were creating ripples (涟漪) in ways she had never imagined. The calendar became a community legend (传奇). Inspired by Maya, the town started a “Calendar Day”, encouraging everyone to do good. When Maya was old, she often sat with her grandchildren, turning the filled pages. “This was when your grandpa and I met. I helped him find his lost dog.” One day, her oldest grandchild, Sophie, looked up from the calendar. “I want to 19 this, Grandma.” Maya handed the calendar over. She knew the tradition would live on. Years after Maya passed, the town built a statue (雕塑) in her honor, with the words on its base: In memory of Maya and the generations before her who believed in the power of everyday 20 . 13. A. Saved B. Wasted C. Managed D. Volunteered 14. A. popular B. small C. unfair D. interesting 15. A. freedom B. balance C. purpose D. discovery 16. A. grew B. appeared C. remained D. mattered 17. A. worried B. relaxed C. excited D. confused 18. A. run B. need C. name D. visit 19. A. praise B. report C. continue D. remember 20. A. changes B. kindness C. happiness D. achievements Passage 2（2024·北京丰台区一模试题） A 17-year-old boy nicknamed Tao Tao was born with the disabling condition—cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹). Over the years, his mother Ms. Yao has continuously tried to 13 him to live as normally as possible. As Tao Tao grew up, the idea of developing his independence by 14 homemade popcorn has come into the mother’s mind. She taught Tao Tao how to make popcorn at home and helped set up a stall (摊位) in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City of East China’s Zhejiang Province. “Tao Tao, don’t worry. Take it easy even if no one comes to buy,” after a few words of encouragement, Yao stepped aside and let his son take charge. At the beginning, Tao Tao tried his best to attract buyers even though it was very 15 . To improve his confidence, the mother even paid some passersby to buy popcorn from her son’s stall. Gradually, Tao Tao has become more active and 16 , managing the business smoothly without relying on a megaphone (扩音器) to sell the product. “The moment you stood here, you were already a 17 ,” Being proud of Tao Tao’s progress, Yao shared videos of her son’s popcorn selling story online, receiving great care and support from netizens. Some traveled specifically to buy popcorn from Tao Tao, and one viewer even ordered thousands of buckets. Many expressed a desire to donate, but Yao refused any form of donations. “My goal is to encourage him to make a brave step forward and connect with the outside world, I hope that one day he could live independently through his own 18 ,” Yao said. “Tao Tao is a persevering child. He keeps making and packaging the popcorn all by himself, trying his best to prove that he can 19 it,” Yao added. The online video sensation (轰动) has drawn the attention of the local government to Tao Tao’s situation. After learning that the teen 20 to receive proper school education because of health conditions, they have arranged for local special education teachers to offer him door-to-door teaching. Soon Tao Tao took the classes for the first time at home, covering life skills, language, sensory training and crafts-making. The teaching will continue regularly thereafter. This 17-year-old boy won him an education opportunity through his self-reliance (自力更生) and he treasured it a lot. 13. A. train B. advise C. follow D. invite 14. A. ordering B. buying C. tasting D. selling 15. A. simple B. difficult C. interesting D. boring 16. A. stressful B. serious C. popular D. confident 17. A. secret B. surprise C. success D. symbol 18. A. plans B. dreams C. efforts D. ideas 19. A. make B. control C. consider D. stand 20. A. managed B. failed C. decided D. refused Passage 3（2024·北京石景山区一模试题） When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴表演) classes, I was uncertain about whether to sign up. As a very shy person, I 13 getting on stage and acting in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after graduating, so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and build confidence. I signed up, knowing the 14 would take me well outside my comfort zone. During our first class, we learned an important idea of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that we accept what other performers say. If someone says that monkeys are librarians, for example, then monkeys are librarians. We do not 15 the logic (逻辑); we say “yes” and continue with the scene (场景) as if nothing is wrong. To do this effectively, our teacher warned us that we’d have to avoid second-guessing ourselves. Sometimes scenes go in unexpected directions. The best improvisation happens when performers stay open to 16 possibilities and say whatever comes into their minds. I got a taste of the 17 when acting out my first scene. However, as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I also became better at listening, relating to my partners, and communicating clearly. That training came in handy two weeks ago, when I was giving a speech about my science. A student surprised me with a question that came out of nowhere. Instead of getting nervous, I used the “yes, and” method— 18 the question at face value and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me stay calm and finally find a proper answer. The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Early on in school, I would get stuck when 19 data was produced in my experiments; my inner critic would suppose I had made a mistake. But now, after using the “yes, and” method, I no longer go into an experiment thinking that I already know the story my data are going to tell. This lesson can 20 all scientists. If the data say monkeys are librarians, then it’s worth studying whether monkeys are, in fact, librarians. Our job as scientists isn’t to produce data that support a story that we already know. Our job is to say “yes, and”. 13. A. feared B. tried C. considered D. regretted 14. A. experience B. service C. experiment D. treatment 15. A. use B. believe C. understand D. question 16. A. real B. different C. serious D. strong 17. A. difficulty B. success C. loneliness D. joy 18. A. asking B. repeating C. accepting D. improving 19. A. unknown B. unshown C. unchecked D. unexpected 20. A. confuse B. benefit C. trouble D. satisfy Passage 4（2024·北京西城区一模试题） “We were the cutest babies in the world!” I smiled and said to Rachel as I put up a 13 of me riding a horse on the wall of the classroom. “I know, look at this one!” Rachel pointed to the picture of us at age five. We both laughed and shook our heads. We couldn’t believe that we would be graduating (毕业) in a week. As a way of celebrating our childhoods, we were asked to bring in pictures of ourselves growing up. As I looked 14 from photo to photo, from preschoolers to ninth-graders, I began to look at my classmates around me. First I looked at Rachel, and I 15 the first day of school. I was a little five-year-old. When my mother left me, I just didn’t know what to do but cry. Then I felt a hand on my shoulder. I turned around and saw Rachel. “Why are you crying?” she asked. “My mommy left me.” “Would you like to play a puzzle game together?” She offered. That got my 16 . I loved puzzle games. I started to play, and after a few minutes, I wasn’t crying anymore. I looked back at the pictures and my eyes 17 on a picture of Tony. Tony lives right next to me, and we have always been close. I remember how much fun I had playing “boys’ games”, all thanks to Tony making it possible. “Come on, she’s a girl—she’ll make you play Barbies or something,” one of the boys on our block said to Tony. I turned and started to walk away. I felt tears 18 up in my eyes when I heard Tony say, “No, I want to play with Sarah. We’re going to play basketball.” The millions of memories that I 19 from those years suddenly came back to me. High school would be different. I couldn’t imagine how that would feel. I looked at the pictures once more and noticed how, in every picture, each of us was at 20 points of our lives, but we were always smiling. We were all okay, even through all the changes. I was finally ready for high school. 13. A. drawing B. diary C. picture D. poster 14. A. politely B. closely C. immediately D. angrily 15. A. discovered B. remembered C. compared D. imagined 16. A. patience B. advice C. message D. attention 17. A. landed B. carried C. darkened D. opened 18. A. jump B. mix C. well D. move 19. A. collected B. improved C. matched D. copied 20. A. strange B. serious C. hard D. different Passage 5（2024·北京东城区一模试题） Our community library decided to offer a painting class. I told my friend Ella, and we both signed up. On the big day, our first 13 was to paint a white vase of cheerful yellow sunflowers against a blue background. We were asked to paint our canvas (画布) 14 . It was easy to follow the instructor to move the brush. Although I had never painted before, I could tell I was a 15 . I started thinking about where I would hang my new masterpiece. Immediately after that, however, I began to run into 16 . The first curved (弯曲的) line of my vase looked perfect, but when I painted the line on the opposite side, my hand slipped (打滑). I tried to 17 that white streak (条痕) with blue paint, but it didn’t work. While I was busy fixing my messy painting, the instructor explained how to paint the sunflower leaves. Things went downhill fast after that. My leaves looked like fat, green caterpillars (毛毛虫). When I failed to clean my paintbrush, I accidentally made the sunflowers green. I felt 18 when I saw how good everyone else’s paintings looked. Ella sweetly praised my sunflowers, perhaps feeling sorry for me. When I said that hers were much better, she looked surprised. “No, they’re not. I messed up in at least five places.” After a few seconds, she asked, “Want to 19 paintings?” Until that moment, I had felt only dislike for my painting. And yet for some reason, giving it away felt wrong. It wasn’t a perfect painting, but it was mine—the first one I had ever created. I knew Ella must have realized that she felt the same way when she suddenly shook her head and said. “Never mind.” My sunflower painting still hangs directly above my bed. I often look at it. Every time I look at it. I 20 . It always brightens my day and brings warmth to my room. I really like it now. 13. A. choice B. competition C. task D. show 14. A. white B. blue C. yellow D. green 15. A. beginner B. performer C. failure D. natural 16. A. complaints B. risks C. problems D. opportunities 17. A. cover B. clean C. mark D. connect 18. A. confused B. afraid C. bored D. upset 19. A. trade B. hang C. study D. admire 20. A. criticize B. smile C. understand D. imagine Passage 6（2024·北京房山区一模试题） Someday Comes Are you afraid of the dark? How about heights, spiders, or closed spaces? No matter what your 13 is, you have the power to overcome it. I love gymnastics and my coach thinks I’m pretty good at it, too. On the mat (垫子), I can do it well. But I can’t do it on the balance beam. Today I stood on the beam, trying to do a cartwheel (侧身翻) I looked down at my coach, Rita, who prepared to catch me if I failed. I took a breath but my knees were shaking. “Well, I can’t do it! Someday I’ll do the beam. But not today.” I 14 down and went away. At the following class, Rita took out a roll of 15 . She used it to make two lines the width of the balance beam on the mat. “Maisie, I want you to practice your balance-beam routine within the lines of the tape.” Well, that’s easy enough. All I had to do was to stay inside the lines. I finished it 16 . “Great! You never went outside the lines,” Rita said. “Do you want to have a try on the balance beam?” I gave her a weak smile and shook my head. “Can you teach me how to swim?” Rita said suddenly. I was confused, and then she told me that she couldn’t swim because she was afraid of water. Therefore, I 17 . “Watch.” I jumped into the pool and began to swim. Rita was obviously afraid and hesitated (犹豫) to jump. I 18 her and finally Rita took a deep breath and jumped into the water. She succeeded! My coach was brave enough to jump into the water, and I couldn’t help thinking of myself. So I told Rita, “Maybe my ‘someday’ should be today.” I got up on the balance beam, closing my eyes and imagining I was on the mat. Then I started the cartwheel. I 19 it! Seeing that, Rita was excited to jump up and down, clapping and shouting, “You were so 20 !” “I wasn’t,” I shook my head. “I was super scared up there.” “That makes you great! You were afraid and did it anyway.” I smiled. “I guess you’re right. My someday finally comes.” 13. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. happiness 14. A. lay B. jumped C. sat D. fell 15. A. paintings B. paper C. tape D. bills 16. A. shyly B. nervously C. quietly D. perfectly 17. A. agreed B. finished C. prepared D. waited 18. A. troubled B. encouraged C. examined D. shamed 19. A. hated B. took C. meant D. made 20. A. proud B. smart C. brave D. active Passage 7（2024·山东滨州中考试题） “Dad, can you see the ceremony?” “Yes, I see it!” said the father with . A girl is shouldering her father so that he can watch the national flag raising ceremony at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing, China. The heartwarming act has thousands of people. The girl and her father come from Luoyang, Henan Province. The father once said that he wished to watch the national flag-raising ceremony at Tian’anmen Square someday. The daughter kept this in mind. Now she has helped her 75-year-old father his wish. To make her father see more , Baige shouldered him. This was just like her father carried her on his shoulders when she was a kid. , the girl and her father do not have a blood relationship. More than 20 years ago, Zhang Shuangqi found an abandoned (被遗弃的) baby girl beside the road. He took her home and named her Zhang Baige. “My father’s family was not rich and to bring me up actually added to his burdens (负担),” said Baige. “He took on several jobs to make a living, such as wastes and building houses.” When she , she worked very hard as a waitress and a cashier (收银员). she had her own company in Guangzhou, she and her father lived a better life. To spend more time with her father, Baige decided to do something. She bought a car to take her father to visit lots of cities around China. “My father is getting older and older, I should build a body and mind so that I can help to make his dreams come true. And no matter he hopes to do, I am willing to do anything I can. He brought me up and I will never leave him alone,” said Baige. 11. A. courage B. excitement C. choice D. fear 12. A. promised B. supposed C. touched D. prevented 13. A. achieve B. attend C. advise D. avoid 14. A. slowly B. safely C. carelessly D. clearly 15. A. In fact B. In total C. At first D. After all 16. A. collecting B. correcting C. competing D. comparing 17. A. took up B. looked up C. grew up D. put up 18. A. Although B. Unless C. Before D. After 19. A. typical B. silent C. strong D. humorous 20. A. when B. what C. how D. where Passage 8（2024·江苏无锡中考试题） One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 15 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 16 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 17 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.” Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 18 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 19 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either. “Dan, I’m very proud of you for 20 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied. Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 21 . “This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 22 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 23 ?” Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up. “Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 24 it. Do I still have to help?” “Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.” 15. A. bored B. angry C. relaxed D. happy 16. A. how B. when C. why D. what 17. A. work B. town C. hope D. time 18. A. excitedly B. proudly C. worriedly D. politely 19. A. secrets B. changes C. praises D. whispers 20. A. understanding B. describing C. explaining D. announcing 21. A. faster B. slower C. louder D. quieter 22. A. lending B. making C. spending D. raising 23. A. ideas B. questions C. plans D. suggestions 24. A. afford B. cancel C. return D. share Passage 9（2024·安徽中考试题） Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my 21 . Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced. I 22 many different methods. However, none of them 23 . Luckily, I met with a doctor of TCM during my trip in China. He advised me to take some Chinese medicine. So I did. To my surprise, my 24 was gone within a week. Later, I found that TCM could be of great help to some 25 lasting for a long time, such as sleeping problems or physical pains. The 26 methods in TCM also took my wife’s interest. With her 27 , I’m running a website to introduce TCM. I want to help people understand that if they have some 28 problems, they can try TCM. All these experiences with TCM led me to 29 ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学), for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were 30 inspired (启发) by it. Since then, I have stepped onto the road to learning about Chinese culture. 21. A. habit B. education C. service D. experience 22. A. reported B. tried C. kept D. taught 23. A. worked B. started C. failed D. appeared 24. A. wealth B. courage C. chance D. pain 25. A. illnesses B. hobbies C. projects D. abilities 26. A. expensive B. helpful C. social D. blind 27. A. check B. worry C. support D. doubt 28. A. health B. food C. family D. job 29. A. drop B. write C. study D. create 30. A. recently B. rapidly C. suddenly D. directly Passage 10（2024·天津中考试题） Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh (梵高) was such an artist. People did not pay much attention to his 16 . He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting. He was so 17 in what he was painting that he did not want to stop. He would even 18 to eat! 19 , his paintings were dark. He used pencils or charcoal sticks (炭条) to make them. Then he 20 colour. He used lots of brown and dark green. Later, Vincent moved to France. He wanted to learn from the artists who 21 there. They were trying new 22 of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colours. He used oil paints (油画颜料) to create his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He 23 painted self-portraits (自画像). He created more than 20 portraits of himself! Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings in his life. 24 people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime, his paintings sell for a lot of money today. People think his paintings are masterpieces (杰作). For example, the painting Sunflowers is very 25 all over the world. 16. A. trips B. paintings C. villages D. music 17. A. wrong B. lucky C. interested D. tired 18. A. forget B. start C. hope D. agree 19. A. At last B. Once again C. At least D. At first 20. A. helped B. added C. missed D. guessed 21. A. worked B. sang C. danced D. cooked 22. A. facts B. stories C. ways D. reports 23. A. never B. hardly C. perhaps D. also 24. A. Before B. Though C. If D. When 25. A. humorous B. polite C. famous D. quiet Passage 11（2024·北京中考试题） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I can’t wait to ride Piper,” Serena told Rose, her coach. Rose smiled and said, “Sorry, but we need to save Piper for our newer 13 this year. She’s one of the best-behaved horses. How about you try riding Harley?” Serena felt 14 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to 15 ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh 16 . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley 17 . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. Soon, Serena and Harley made progress together as their confidence in each other 18 . By the end of the first week, they had completed the obstacle course together. On the final day of the camp was the bag race. Serena confidently climbed onto Harley. Harley, 19 the excitement of the day, ran through the course like a madman and easily won. The other horses were just no match for Harley. Rose handed Serena the winner’s trophy with a wink (眨眼). Serena suddenly realized that Rose had wanted her to 20 herself to be a better rider, even though she would have had a nice time with Piper. Serena gave Rose a hug and then took the trophy, and a carrot, over to Harley. 13. A. leaders B. riders C. climbers D. drivers 14. A. stupid B. disappointed C. comfortable D. lucky 15. A. refuse B. raise C. cheat D. control 16. A. answer B. memory C. start D. topic 17. A. angrily B. softly C. curiously D. sadly 18. A. fell B. returned C. grew D. remained 19. A. sensing B. breaking C. hiding D. spreading 20. A. advise B. accept C. choose D. challenge 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第十九讲、完形填空 知识目标 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 2 考点突破·考法探究 3 （一）考向探究 3 （二）解题技巧 3 （三）解题步骤 4 分层训练·巩固提升 4 基础训练 4 能力提升 13 完形填空是近年来全国英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。 完形填空通常选用一篇250个单词左右的短文，一般采用故事体裁，尽量避免专业性太强的文章。 完形填空要求考生既要运用自己所学过的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识理解每个句子，又要处理好句子与句子之间以及句子与全文之间的内在联系，主要测试考生在具体语言环境中把握文章的篇章结构、中心思想和推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法或固定搭配等方面的能力，以及对所学英语知识的综合运用能力、 快速阅读理解能力和逻辑推理判断能力等，因而该题型能较全面地反映考生对所学知识的掌握程度。 完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年的广州市、北京中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解 完形填空题侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。它的知识构建主要这几个方面 （1）从词语层面：主要考词语辨析、固定搭配与习惯表达； （2）从句子层面：主要考句子意义的逻辑性与合理性； （3）从篇章层面：主要考篇章的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系。 题材 1 日常生活 ②幽默故事 ③著名人物 ④文化习俗 ⑤科普知识 ⑥…… 文体 1 记叙文（重点考查） ②说明文 ③议论文 （一）考向探究 完形填空要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及整个语篇的意义关系。难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。 1、词语层面(phrase level)：词语辨析、固定搭配、习惯搭配 2、句子层面(sentence level)：句子意义的逻辑性与合理性 3、段落层面(paragraph level)：段落的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系 4、篇章层面(passage level)：语篇的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系 考点分布 完形填空以考查实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词及相关短语为主，难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。 （二）解题技巧 1. 逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。 2. 词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。 3. 生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。 4. 语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。 5. 固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。 方法一、语境推断 根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，理解事件发生的语境，根据体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。 方法二、词汇复现 词汇复现是指文章中的某一词以原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了互相衔接。 方法三、逻辑推理 完形填空的各段落之间有着逻辑上的联系，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断出正确答案。逻辑关系主要有：并列关系(and…)；转折关系(but, however, though, yet, otherwise, while…)；顺序关系(before, after, then, finally…)；让步关系(although, despite…)；因果关系(so, thus, for…)；条件关系(if, in case…)；递进关系(moreover, besides, furthermore, what’s more, in addition to, as well as…)。 方法四、生活常识，常用搭配 将文章的意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。 （三）解题步骤 要做好完形填空，必须掌握一定的解题方法和技巧，才能尽量做到在有能力得分的题上不丢分。完形填空的解题步骤是：通览——试填——复核。 1. 通览——速读全文，把握大意。 快速阅读全文，通过通览全文来领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等，并找出信息词。 2. 试填——紧扣文意，瞻前顾后。 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意从词的意义、搭配、习惯用法、常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。 3. 复核——全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确。 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。 基础训练 方法一、语境推断 1. One sunny morning, when Zebra (斑马) visited the river for a cool drink, he heard a tiny voice. “Help me, Zebra!” Zebra looked around and found Wasp (黄蜂) 16  in a spider web in a thornbush (荆棘丛). A. resting B. playing C. caught D. hidden     【点拨】由上文的“Help me, Zebra!”可知黄蜂在求救，可推断出黄蜂在荆棘丛中被蜘蛛网“抓住了”。故选C。rest“休息”，play“玩耍”，hide“隐藏”。 2. Carefully, Zebra reached into it, but the thorns  2  him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving. A. hurt B. hit C. refused D. killed    【点拨】由下文的“Ouch!(惊吓声)”以及“斑马后退一步并准备离开”可推断出，荆棘丛“刺伤”了斑马。故选A。hit“打”，refuse“拒绝”，kill“杀死”。 3. Wasp was resting in the bushes when she saw Zebra. She also found Lion hiding quietly ahead. If Zebra got too close to Lion…Thinking quickly, Wasp flew down and gave Lion a sudden sting. The  8  lion cried. “Roooooaaar!” Zebra heard the loud cry. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bored 【点拨】由上文“黄蜂突然叮了狮子”以及下文“狮子大叫”可推断出，狮子对突然的叮咬感到很“惊讶”。故选A。excited“兴奋的”，interested“感兴趣的”，bored“无聊的”。 方法二、词汇复现 4. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Zebra said. “I might not be nearby the next time a spider gets 6.” Then he left.      …A moment later, Wasp flew around Zebra’s head. “Try to stay out of trouble,” Wasp said with a laugh. “I might not be nearby the next time a lion gets hungry.” A. sleepy B. angry C. thirsty D. hungry 【点拨】文章最后一段中复现了相同的话：Wasp said with a laugh, “I might not be nearby the next time a lion gets hungry”。由此推断选D，意为：下次蜘蛛饿的时候我可能不在附近。sleepy“昏昏欲睡的”，angry“生气的”，thirsty“口渴的” 4. All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he noticed his favourite fruit—some berries!…The surprised lion cried. “Roooooaaar!” Zebra heard the loud cry. In a second, he turned around and ran back to his  9 . A. friend B. family C. river D. fruit 【点拨】由文章倒数第四段可知，斑马一整天和他的家人在一起，在得知狮子的存在后，斑马迅速回到家人那里。故选B。friend“朋友”，river“河流”，fruit“水果” 方法三、逻辑推理 5. Carefully, Zebra reached into it, but the thorns hurt him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving… Zebra laughed. “I’m fast and strong. Besides, I have a big family. Why would I need help from a little wasp?” “Please try one more time,” Wasp said. Zebra knocked at the web again. 5, this time it was enough to free Wasp. A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Strangely 【点拨】由上文可知，斑马第一次想帮黄蜂的时候，被荆棘刺伤；下文提及，第二次能够解救黄蜂了。由此可推断出空格处表示“幸运地”，故选C。sadly“伤心地”，suddenly“突然地”，strangely“奇怪地”。 方法四、生活常识，常用搭配 6. All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he noticed his favourite fruit—some berries! The hungry Zebra ran to 7 the berries. A. smell B. taste C. touch D. watch 【点拨】上文提及这些浆果是斑马最喜欢的水果，结合生活常识可知，饥饿的斑马在看到浆果后，跑过去“品尝”这些浆果。故选B。smell“闻”，touch“摸”，watch“看”。 点对点练习 7.When we talked, I discovered some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little__________ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.[ ] A. shorter  B. longer  C. earlier  D. later 解题方法 解题方法：语境推断。中国每节课45分钟，美国每节课50分钟。故比中国时间长。答案选B 8.I've brought up a son who can not even__________ the truth to his own father.[ ] A. talk B. speak C. say D. tell 解题方法 解题方法：固定搭配。讲真相。用tell the truth. 9.Mrs Grant stood up and absent-mindedly(心不在焉) picked up the umbrella that was________ on the seat in front of her.[ ] A. hanging  B. appearing  C. dropping D. losing 解题方法 解题方法：生活常识。雨伞挂在座位上。答案选A 10.Amy is among the___________ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted Amy a full scholarship -HK$500,000.Not all students are so fortunate.[ ] A. poor  B. smart C. lucky  D. silent 解题方法 解题方法：单词复现。fortunate 幸运的，与lucky同义。同义复现。 11.My mother often asked me, “What is the most important part of the body? "I thought sound was very important to us as humans, So I said：“My_________ ,Mommy.” She said：“No，Many people are deaf...”[ ] A. ears  B. eyes  C. body  D. head 解题方法 解题方法：逻辑推理。因为我认为声音最重要。所以我认为“耳朵是身体最重要的部分” Passage 1 One day a teacher told her students about a surprise test. The students sat down and waited for the test to begin. The teacher put a test paper on each student’s desk and then asked them to 31 the test. The students were 32 to see no questions, but just a black dot ( 圆 点 ) in the center of the page. The teacher said, “I just want you to write down what you see on this paper.” The students did not know why, but still 33 as the teacher said. At the end of the class, the teacher started reading the students’ answers aloud. She found that the students tried to 34   the black dot. After the teacher finished reading, the class was silent (沉默的). She started to 35 the students why she did it. “It is not a test. I just want you to think about something. All of you could only see the black dot and wrote about it, but nobody wrote about the 36 area on the paper.” “Now, imagine (想象) this paper is your 37 and the black dot is the bad thing in your life. Life provides us with many other things—loved ones, interesting games, happiness and so on. However, a lot of us always look at the 38 things.” “From now on, I want you to think about the big 39 , not just the dot. Tell yourself you are 40 to have a lot of happiness in your life.” 31. A. end B. begin C. work D. teach 32. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bored 33. A. painted B. dreamed C. did D. talked 34. A. draw out B. think about C. write about D. return to 35. A. tell B. say C. speak D. ask 36. A. black B. white C. dark D. light 37. A. life B. problems C. happiness D. difficulties 38. A. weak B. bad C. recent D. good 39. A. centre B. picture C. energy D. guide 40. A. lucky B. unhappy C. clever D. foolish 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. A 【解析】本文通过老师的一场测试告诉大家：要关注大局，不要只关注生活中的黑点。 31. 句意：老师把试卷放在每个学生的桌子上，然后让他们开始考试。 end结束；begin开始；work工作；teach教。根据“The teacher put a test paper on each student’s desk and then asked them to...the test.”可知，老师把试卷放在每个学生的桌子上，推测让学生开始考试，故选B。 32. 句意：学生们惊讶地发现没有任何问题，只是页面中央有一个黑点。 surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；interested感兴趣的；bored枯燥的。根据“but just a black dot ( 圆 点 ) in the center of the page.”可知，因为试卷中只有一个黑点，所以学生们会感到惊讶，故选A。 33. 句意：学生们不知道为什么，但还是按照老师说的做了。 painted画；dreamed梦想；did做；talked谈论。根据“At the end of the class, the teacher started reading the students’ answers aloud.”可推测学生们按照老师说的做了，故选C。 34. 句意：她发现学生们试着写黑点。 draw out使愿意交谈；think about考虑；write about写出；return to返回。根据下文“All of you could only see the black dot and wrote about it...”可知，学生们都在试着写黑点，故选C。 35. 句意：她开始告诉学生们她为什么这么做。 tell告诉；say说，后加说的内容；speak说，后加某种语言；ask问。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”，固定搭配，故选A。 36. 句意：你们所有人都只能看到黑点并写下它，但没有人写下纸上的白色区域。 black黑色；white白色；dark黑暗；light光。根据“All of you could only see the black dot and wrote about it, but nobody wrote about the...area on the paper.”可知，没有人写除了黑点以外的白色区域，故选B。 37. 句意：现在，想象一下这张纸就是你的生活，而黑点是你生活中的坏事。 life生活；problems难题；happiness开心；difficulties困难。根据“Now, imagine (想象) this paper is your...and the black dot is the bad thing in your life.”可知，老师把图片比喻为生活，黑点比喻为生活中的困难，故选A。 38. 句意：然而，我们中的许多人总是看到不好的事情。 weak虚弱的；bad坏的；recent最近的；good好的。根据“However”可知，此处为转折，推测此处指许多人总是看到不好的事情。故选B。 39. 句意：从现在起，我想让你从大局出发，而不仅仅是点。 centre中心；picture照片，图片；energy精力；guide指导。根据“...not just the dot.”可知，不能只关注黑点，应该是整张图片，故选B。 40. 句意：告诉自己，你很幸运，生活中有很多幸福。 lucky幸运的；unhappy不开心的；clever聪明的；foolish愚蠢的。根据“...have a lot of happiness in your life.”可知，生活中很多幸福所以是幸运的，故选A。 Passage 2 Once there was a farmer who owned a farm near the ocean. It was 1 for him to do all the farm work alone, so he went to hire someone for help. But most people didn’t want to work on farms there because of the awful storm across the ocean. One day a middle-aged man came for a(n) 2 . The farmer asked, “Are you good at farm work?” The man answered, “Well, I can sleep when the wind blows.” The farmer didn’t understand what he meant but he still hired him. The man started to work on the farm. He worked hard and kept busy every day. The farmer was satisfied with his work. One night the wind blew 3 . When the farmer head the big sound, he jumped out of the bed and 4 the man’s room. He shouted at the man. “Get up! Hurry! A storm is coming! We have to tie things up before the wind blows them sway.” But the man said. “No, sir. I’ve already told you I can sleep when the wind blows.” The farmer was very 5 and planned to fire him from his job after the storm. He hurried outside to 6 the storm. To his surprise, he discovered that cows and chickens were in place and doors of the farmhouse were 7 . Everything was in its right place. Nothing could be blown away by the storm. Just then the farmer 8 the man’s words. He was able to sleep well because he had done what he could to 9 the farm from storms. When one is well prepared, he has 10 to fear. 1. A. crazy B. lonely C. difficult D. unnecessary 2. A. trip B. exercise C. interview D. conversation 3. A. softly B. heavily C. gently D. hardly 4. A. rushed into B. got out of C. went past D. ran through 5. A. sad B. angry C. upset D. surprised 6. A. wait for B. look at C. escape from D. prepare for 7. A. closed B. gone C. repaired D. broken 8. A. saw B. heard C. repeated D. understood 9. A. find B. protect C. move D. take 10. A. something B. somebody C. nothing D. nobody 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】本文通过农夫和雇工的故事告诉我们：当一个人做好了准备，就没有什么可害怕的事情了。 1. 句意：一个人干所有的农活对他来说很困难，所以他去雇人帮忙。 crazy疯狂的；lonely孤独的；difficult困难的；unnecessary不必要的。根据下文“so he went to hire someone for help”（所以他去雇人帮忙），可推知空处表示“一个人干所有的农活对他来说很困难”。故选C。 2. 句意：一天，一位中年男子来参加面试。 trip旅行；exercise锻炼；interview面试；conversation会话。根据下文“The farmer asked…The man answered…”可推知这个中年男人是来参加面试的。故选C。 3. 句意：一天晚上，风刮得很大。 softly轻轻地；heavily沉重地；gently温柔地；hardly几乎不。根据下文“the farmer head the big sound”可知风刮得很大。故选B。 4. 句意：当农夫听到巨大的声音时，他从床上跳了起来，冲进了男人的房间。 rushed into冲入；got out of摆脱；went past走过；ran through贯穿。根据空后“the man’s room”可知此处表示“冲进房间”。故选A。 5. 句意：农夫非常生气，打算在暴风雨过后把他解雇。 sad难过的；angry生气的；upset沮丧的；surprised惊讶的。根据下文“planned to fire him from his job”（打算解雇他）可知空处表示“生气的”。故选B。 6. 句意：他急忙跑到外面为暴风雨做准备。 wait for等待；look at看；escape from逃脱；prepare for为……做准备。根据上文所述，可知在暴风雨来临的时候，农夫发现雇工在睡觉，所以可推知此处表示“为暴风雨做准备”。故选D。 7. 句意：令他吃惊的是，他发现牛和鸡都在原地，农舍的门也关着。 closed关闭的；gone离开了的；repaired修好的；broken破碎的。根据前文“To his surprise…”可知门关着在。故选A。 8. 句意：就在这时，农夫明白了那人的话。 saw看见；heard听见；repeated重复；understood理解。根据空后“the man’s words”指第三段末尾“I’ve already told you I can sleep when the wind blows.”结合上文中农夫看到的种种景象，可知，农夫明白了那人的话。故选D。 9. 句意：他能睡得很好，因为他已经尽了最大努力保护农场免受暴风雨的侵袭。 find寻找；protect保护；move移动；take拿。根据空后“from storms”结合语境，可知此处是短语protect…from…表示“保护……免于……”。故选B。 10. 句意：当一个人准备充分时，他就无所畏惧。 something某事/某物；somebody某人；nothing没有什么；nobody没有人。根据空后“to fear”和前文“When one is well prepared”（当一个人准备充分时）可知空处表示“没有什么好害怕的”。故选C。 Passage 3 The English teacher came into the classroom with test papers in his hands. He said with a smile, “I know there are too many tests for you these days, but the test today is very 1 . It is different from your other tests.” The teacher started to hand out the test papers to each student. There was only a small black “X” in the middle of the paper. The students were very 2 to see that. The teacher noticed the students’ surprise. Then he said, “I want you to 3 what you see there. You must finish it by yourselves.” All the students 4 about it hard and then wrote down their answers quietly. The next day, the teacher said, “You only paid attention to the black ‘X’, but nobody wrote about the white paper.” The whole class listened 5 , because they worried that they might fail the exam. Then the teacher said, “Don’t worry. I just want you to think about your 6 . The white paper is like your whole life and the black ‘X’ is just like the problems in your daily life.”   7 , the students understood what the test was about. Life is a wonderful 8 , full of love and care. If you only care about the problems, you’ll never 9 that they are much smaller than everything else life gives you. So it’s better to look on the bright side, 10 each moment, and find happiness in life. 1. A. usual B. perfect C. hard D. special 2. A. bored B. surprised C. excited D. relaxed 3. A. choose from B. write about C. deal with D. carry out 4. A. thought B. cared C. talked D. asked 5. A. hardly B. quickly C. carefully D. slowly 6. A. life B. grade C. value D. family 7. A. Still B. Even C. Regularly D. Finally 8. A. part B. way C. gift D. door 9. A. hear B. find C. show D. miss 10. A. enjoy B. fight C. watch D. study 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了英语老师用一次特别的考试让学生明白了一个人生哲理，那就是：要享受生命中的每一刻，并善于发现生活中的快乐。 1. 句意：我知道这几天你们的考试太多了，但是今天的考试很特别。 usual通常的；perfect完美的；hard困难的；special特别的。根据“It is different from your other tests.”可知，今天的考试很特别。故选D。 2. 句意：学生们看到那个都很惊讶。 bored厌倦的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的；relaxed放松的。根据“The teacher noticed the students’ surprise.”可知，学生们看到试卷上只有一个“X”都感到惊讶。故选B。 3. 句意：我要你们把你们看到的写下来。 choose from从中选择；write about写；deal with处理；carry out执行。根据“then wrote down their answers quietly”可知，老师让学生们把自己看到的东西写下来。故选B。 4. 句意：所有的学生都苦思冥想，然后安静地写下自己的答案。 thought认为；cared关心；talked谈论；asked询问。根据“All the students ... about it hard”可知，所有学生对此都进行了努力地思考；think about“思考”。故选A。 5. 句意：全班同学都认真地听着，因为他们担心考试不及格。 hardly几乎不；quickly迅速地；carefully认真地；slowly慢地。根据“because they worried that they might fail the exam”可知，全班同学都认真地听老师讲。故选C。 6. 句意：我只是想让你们好好想想自己的人生。 life人生；grade年级；value价值；family家庭。根据“The white paper is like your whole life”可知，老师要同学们思考自己的人生。故选A。 7. 句意：最后，学生们明白了这个测试是关于什么的。 Still仍然；Even甚至；Regularly有规律地；Finally最终。根据“... The white paper is like your whole life and the black ‘X’ is just like the problems in your daily life.”可知，通过老师的讲解，学生们最终明白了这场考试的初衷。故选D。 8. 句意：生命是一份美妙的礼物，充满了爱和关怀。 part部分；way方式；gift礼物；door门。根据“full of love and care”可知，生命是上天馈赠给我们的一份礼物。故选C。 9. 句意：如果你只关心问题，你永远不会发现它们比生活给你的其他一切都小得多。 hear听见；find找到；show展示；miss错过。根据“If you only care about the problems”可知，如果只关心生活中的问题，就不会发现生活中的其他幸福，事实上问题只是生活中很小的一部分；find符合语境。故选B。 10. 句意：所以，最好是看到阳光的一面，享受每一刻，找到生活中的幸福。 enjoy享受；fight打架；watch观看；study学习。根据“each moment, and find happiness in life”可知，是享受生命的每刻。故选A。 能力提升 Passage 1（2024·北京海淀区一模试题） In her grandparents’old house, Maya discovered an old family calendar, with each page filled out carefully. On June 6, 1892: “Helped Mr Thompson repair his house.” On November 14, 1907: “ 13 my time at an old people’s home.” Curious, she asked her grandmother about it. “That is the tradition of our family,” her grandmother explained. “Every day, for generations (世代), we complete one act of kindness and take it down. No matter how 14 it is. ” Maya was interested. “Why?” Her grandmother smiled, “It’s a belief that through continuous kind actions, we can create a life of 15 . Every day, we find a moment of light through offering help to others, even when the world around us is dark.” With admiration, Maya decided to keep the tradition. Every night, she would record her act of kindness for the day. As the years went by, Maya’s entries of her kind act 16 , from comforting a distressed stranger on the bus to organizing community clean-ups. One day, as she sat at a café, a young woman came to her. “Are you Maya?” She asked politely. Maya nodded, feeling 17 . The woman went on, “Years ago, you taught me for free when my family couldn’t afford lessons. Because of you, I graduated top of my class. Today, I 18 an organization providing help for students from poor families.” Maya was moved and proud. She realized her actions were creating ripples (涟漪) in ways she had never imagined. The calendar became a community legend (传奇). Inspired by Maya, the town started a “Calendar Day”, encouraging everyone to do good. When Maya was old, she often sat with her grandchildren, turning the filled pages. “This was when your grandpa and I met. I helped him find his lost dog.” One day, her oldest grandchild, Sophie, looked up from the calendar. “I want to 19 this, Grandma.” Maya handed the calendar over. She knew the tradition would live on. Years after Maya passed, the town built a statue (雕塑) in her honor, with the words on its base: In memory of Maya and the generations before her who believed in the power of everyday 20 . 13. A. Saved B. Wasted C. Managed D. Volunteered 14. A. popular B. small C. unfair D. interesting 15. A. freedom B. balance C. purpose D. discovery 16. A. grew B. appeared C. remained D. mattered 17. A. worried B. relaxed C. excited D. confused 18. A. run B. need C. name D. visit 19. A. praise B. report C. continue D. remember 20. A. changes B. kindness C. happiness D. achievements 【答案】13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】本文主要通过讲述作者家世代的善举行为向人们展示了善举的力量。 13. 句意：1907年11月14日：“在一家老人院做志愿者。” Saved节省；Wasted浪费；Managed管理；Volunteered志愿。根据“...my time at an old people’s home.”可知，应表达在老人院做志愿者。故选D。 14. 句意：不管它有多小。 popular受欢迎的；small小的；unfair不公平的；interesting有趣的。根据“we complete one act of kindness and take it down”可知，空处应表达不管这件事有多小。故选B。 15. 句意：“我们相信，通过持续的善意行动，我们可以创造一种有意义的生活。” freedom自由；balance平衡；purpose目的，重大意义；discovery发现。根据“we find a moment of light through offering help to others, even when the world around us is dark.”可知，我们帮助别人从黑暗中找到光明，应是创造了一种有意义的生活。故选C。 16. 句意：随着时间的推移，Maya参加的善举越来越多，从在公交车上安慰一个痛苦的陌生人到组织社区清理。 grew逐渐变得；appeared出现；remained仍然；mattered关系。根据“from comforting a distressed stranger on the bus to organizing community clean-ups”可知，此处应表达善举越来越多。故选A。 17. 句意：Maya点了点头，感到困惑。 worried担心的；relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；confused困惑的。根据“a young woman came to her. ‘Are you Maya?’”可知，有陌生人喊出她的名字她应该是感到困惑。故选D。 18. 句意：现今，我经营着一个为来自贫困家庭的学生提供帮助的组织。 run经营；need需要；name命名；visit参观。根据“...an organization providing help for students from poor families.”可知，应表达经营了一个为贫困学生提供帮助的组织。故选A。 19. 句意：“我想继续做下去，奶奶。” praise表扬；report汇报；continue继续；remember记住。根据“Maya handed the calendar over. She knew the tradition would live on.”可知，应表达她想继续干这件事。故选C。 20. 句意：Maya去世多年后，该镇为纪念她建造了一座雕像，基座上写着：为了纪念玛雅和她之前的几代人他们相信日常善举的力量。 changes改变；kindness善良；happiness幸福；achievements成就。根据“Every day, for generations (世代), we complete one act of kindness and take it down”可知，此处应表达相信日常善举的力量。故选B。 Passage 2（2024·北京丰台区一模试题） A 17-year-old boy nicknamed Tao Tao was born with the disabling condition—cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹). Over the years, his mother Ms. Yao has continuously tried to 13 him to live as normally as possible. As Tao Tao grew up, the idea of developing his independence by 14 homemade popcorn has come into the mother’s mind. She taught Tao Tao how to make popcorn at home and helped set up a stall (摊位) in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City of East China’s Zhejiang Province. “Tao Tao, don’t worry. Take it easy even if no one comes to buy,” after a few words of encouragement, Yao stepped aside and let his son take charge. At the beginning, Tao Tao tried his best to attract buyers even though it was very 15 . To improve his confidence, the mother even paid some passersby to buy popcorn from her son’s stall. Gradually, Tao Tao has become more active and 16 , managing the business smoothly without relying on a megaphone (扩音器) to sell the product. “The moment you stood here, you were already a 17 ,” Being proud of Tao Tao’s progress, Yao shared videos of her son’s popcorn selling story online, receiving great care and support from netizens. Some traveled specifically to buy popcorn from Tao Tao, and one viewer even ordered thousands of buckets. Many expressed a desire to donate, but Yao refused any form of donations. “My goal is to encourage him to make a brave step forward and connect with the outside world, I hope that one day he could live independently through his own 18 ,” Yao said. “Tao Tao is a persevering child. He keeps making and packaging the popcorn all by himself, trying his best to prove that he can 19 it,” Yao added. The online video sensation (轰动) has drawn the attention of the local government to Tao Tao’s situation. After learning that the teen 20 to receive proper school education because of health conditions, they have arranged for local special education teachers to offer him door-to-door teaching. Soon Tao Tao took the classes for the first time at home, covering life skills, language, sensory training and crafts-making. The teaching will continue regularly thereafter. This 17-year-old boy won him an education opportunity through his self-reliance (自力更生) and he treasured it a lot. 13. A. train B. advise C. follow D. invite 14. A. ordering B. buying C. tasting D. selling 15. A. simple B. difficult C. interesting D. boring 16. A. stressful B. serious C. popular D. confident 17. A. secret B. surprise C. success D. symbol 18. A. plans B. dreams C. efforts D. ideas 19. A. make B. control C. consider D. stand 20. A. managed B. failed C. decided D. refused 【答案】13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. B 【解析】本文讲了脑瘫男孩涛涛在母亲的帮助下摆摊卖爆米花，他自力更生的感人事迹被媒体传播后，得到了更多人的关注和帮助。 13. 句意：多年来，他的妈妈姚女士一直都在尝试训练他尽可能正常生活。 train训练；advise建议；follow跟随；invite邀请。根据后文妈妈设摊让涛涛卖爆米花，可知妈妈一直都想训练涛涛正常生活的能力，填train。故选A。 14. 句意：随着涛涛长大，妈妈有了通过卖家庭自制的爆米花来培养孩子独立能力的想法。 ordering命令，订购；buying买；tasting品尝；selling卖。通过下一句“She taught Tao Tao how to make popcorn at home and...Zhejiang Province.”可知他们是摆摊卖爆米花，填selling。故选D。 15. 句意：起初，尽管非常困难，但涛涛还是尽力吸引买家。 simple简单的；difficult困难的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的。涛涛是一个脑瘫的少年，可想而知摆摊揽客这个事情对他来说肯定是困难的，填difficult。故选B。 16. 句意：慢慢地，涛涛变得更加活跃自信，他不用扩音器设法将生意做得顺利。 stressful压力大的；serious严肃的；popular流行的，受欢迎的；confident自信的。从前面的句子“improve his confidence”可知妈妈为了提升他的自信而帮他，从句子“managing the business smoothly”可知涛涛卖得更加顺利，那他会变得更加自信，填confident。故选D。 17. 句意：你一站在这儿，你就已经成功了。 secret秘密；surprise惊喜；success成功；symbol符号。根据后面“Being proud of Tao Tao’s progress”可知妈妈为涛涛感到自豪，认为涛涛是成功的，填success。故选C。 18. 句意：我希望有一天他通过自己的努力独立生活。 plans计划；dreams梦想；efforts努力；ideas想法。从句子“My goal is to encourage him to make a brave step forward and connect with the outside world”可知妈妈的心愿是希望涛涛能和外界产生联系，通过自身努力过上独立的生活，填efforts。故选C。 19. 句意：他一直靠自己制作和打包爆米花，尽力证明他能做到。 make做；control控制；consider考虑；stand站立；根据句子“I hope that one day he could live independently through his own efforts”可知妈妈希望涛涛能独立，而涛涛也努力证明自己可以做到，用“make it”表达“达成目标”。故选A。 20. 句意：在了解到这个少年由于自身健康原因而不能接受合适的学校教育，他们安排当地特殊教育的老师为他提供上门的教学。 managed设法；failed失败；decided决定；refused拒绝。根据“because of health conditions”可知涛涛的健康状况是不能接受合适的学校教育的，用“fail to”表达“未能达到”。故选B。 Passage 3（2024·北京石景山区一模试题） When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴表演) classes, I was uncertain about whether to sign up. As a very shy person, I 13 getting on stage and acting in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after graduating, so it seemed like the perfect opportunity to improve my speaking ability and build confidence. I signed up, knowing the 14 would take me well outside my comfort zone. During our first class, we learned an important idea of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that we accept what other performers say. If someone says that monkeys are librarians, for example, then monkeys are librarians. We do not 15 the logic (逻辑); we say “yes” and continue with the scene (场景) as if nothing is wrong. To do this effectively, our teacher warned us that we’d have to avoid second-guessing ourselves. Sometimes scenes go in unexpected directions. The best improvisation happens when performers stay open to 16 possibilities and say whatever comes into their minds. I got a taste of the 17 when acting out my first scene. However, as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I also became better at listening, relating to my partners, and communicating clearly. That training came in handy two weeks ago, when I was giving a speech about my science. A student surprised me with a question that came out of nowhere. Instead of getting nervous, I used the “yes, and” method— 18 the question at face value and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me stay calm and finally find a proper answer. The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Early on in school, I would get stuck when 19 data was produced in my experiments; my inner critic would suppose I had made a mistake. But now, after using the “yes, and” method, I no longer go into an experiment thinking that I already know the story my data are going to tell. This lesson can 20 all scientists. If the data say monkeys are librarians, then it’s worth studying whether monkeys are, in fact, librarians. Our job as scientists isn’t to produce data that support a story that we already know. Our job is to say “yes, and”. 13. A. feared B. tried C. considered D. regretted 14. A. experience B. service C. experiment D. treatment 15. A. use B. believe C. understand D. question 16. A. real B. different C. serious D. strong 17. A. difficulty B. success C. loneliness D. joy 18. A. asking B. repeating C. accepting D. improving 19. A. unknown B. unshown C. unchecked D. unexpected 20. A. confuse B. benefit C. trouble D. satisfy 【答案】13. A 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者参加一门即兴表演课程的情况，并详细描述了参加课程之后自身的一些变化。 13. 句意：作为一个非常害羞的人，我害怕在陌生人面前上台表演。 feared害怕；tried尝试；considered考虑；regretted后悔。根据“As a very shy person”可知作者是一个很害羞的人，所以他害怕上台表演。故选A。 14. 句意：我报名了，因为我知道这段经历会让我远离自己的舒适区。 experience经历；service服务；experiment实验；treatment治疗。根据“I signed up”可知此处是说作者报名了这门课程，因为他认为这段经历会让他远离自己的舒适区。故选A。 15. 句意：我们不问逻辑，我们说“是”并像没事一样继续该场景。 use使用；believe相信；understand理解；question询问。根据“we say ‘yes’ and continue with the scene (场景) as if nothing is wrong.”可知我们像没事发生一样，也就是不询问这其中的逻辑。故选D。 16. 句意：当表演者对各种不同的可能性保持开放的态度，并说出他们想到的任何东西时，最好的即兴表演就发生了。 real真实的；different不同的；serious严重的；strong强壮的。根据“Sometimes scenes go in unexpected directions.”可知场景有时会往不同方向发展，表演者对各种不同的可能性保持开放的态度了，最好的即兴表演就会发生。故选B。 17. 句意：我演第一场戏时就尝到了苦。 difficulty困难；success成功；loneliness寂寞；joy欢乐。根据“However, as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes.”可知后来作者才更喜欢上这门课，刚开始是吃到了苦头的。故选A。 18. 句意：我没有紧张，而是使用了“是，并且”的方法——从表面上接受这个问题，让我的大脑专注于为什么要问这个问题。 asking问；repeating重复；accepting接受；improving提升。根据“I used the ‘yes, and’ method”可知我表面上接受了这个问题。故选C。 19. 句意：在学校的早期，当我的实验产生意想不到的数据时，我会陷入困境；我内心的批评家会认为我犯了一个错误。 unknown未知的；unshown未被展示的；unchecked未经检查的；unexpected意想不到的。根据“But now, after using the ‘yes, and’ method, I no longer go into an experiment thinking that I already know the story my data are going to tell.”可知作者之前在实验中得到意想不到的数据时会陷入困境，而现在不再在进行实验时认为实验数据应该是怎样的。故选D。 20. 句意：这一课可以使所有科学家受益。 confuse使困惑；benefit使受益；trouble使苦恼；satisfy使满足。通读全文可知，作者认为这门课程对所有科学家都是有益处的。故选B。 Passage 4（2024·北京西城区一模试题） “We were the cutest babies in the world!” I smiled and said to Rachel as I put up a 13 of me riding a horse on the wall of the classroom. “I know, look at this one!” Rachel pointed to the picture of us at age five. We both laughed and shook our heads. We couldn’t believe that we would be graduating (毕业) in a week. As a way of celebrating our childhoods, we were asked to bring in pictures of ourselves growing up. As I looked 14 from photo to photo, from preschoolers to ninth-graders, I began to look at my classmates around me. First I looked at Rachel, and I 15 the first day of school. I was a little five-year-old. When my mother left me, I just didn’t know what to do but cry. Then I felt a hand on my shoulder. I turned around and saw Rachel. “Why are you crying?” she asked. “My mommy left me.” “Would you like to play a puzzle game together?” She offered. That got my 16 . I loved puzzle games. I started to play, and after a few minutes, I wasn’t crying anymore. I looked back at the pictures and my eyes 17 on a picture of Tony. Tony lives right next to me, and we have always been close. I remember how much fun I had playing “boys’ games”, all thanks to Tony making it possible. “Come on, she’s a girl—she’ll make you play Barbies or something,” one of the boys on our block said to Tony. I turned and started to walk away. I felt tears 18 up in my eyes when I heard Tony say, “No, I want to play with Sarah. We’re going to play basketball.” The millions of memories that I 19 from those years suddenly came back to me. High school would be different. I couldn’t imagine how that would feel. I looked at the pictures once more and noticed how, in every picture, each of us was at 20 points of our lives, but we were always smiling. We were all okay, even through all the changes. I was finally ready for high school. 13. A. drawing B. diary C. picture D. poster 14. A. politely B. closely C. immediately D. angrily 15. A. discovered B. remembered C. compared D. imagined 16. A. patience B. advice C. message D. attention 17. A. landed B. carried C. darkened D. opened 18. A. jump B. mix C. well D. move 19. A. collected B. improved C. matched D. copied 20. A. strange B. serious C. hard D. different 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了为了庆祝我们的童年，我们在快毕业的时候被要求带上自己成长的照片，并介绍了一些照片中的故事。 13. 句意：我微笑着对瑞秋说，我把我骑马的照片挂在教室的墙上。 drawing画；diary日记；picture图片；poster海报。根据“Rachel pointed to the picture of us at age five”可知是把照片挂在墙上。故选C。 14. 句意：当我从幼儿园到九年级学生，从一张照片到另一张照片仔细观察时，我开始看着周围的同学。 politely礼貌地；closely接近地；immediately立刻；angrily生气地。根据“looked...from photo to photo”可知是靠近点观察照片。故选B。 15. 句意：首先我看着瑞秋，我想起了上学的第一天。 discovered发现；remembered记得；compared比较；imagined想象。根据“the first day of school”可知是想起了上学的第一天。故选B。 16. 句意：这引起了我的注意。 patience耐心；advice建议；message信息；attention注意。根据“I loved puzzle games. I started to play”可知益智游戏引起了自己的注意，因为自己喜欢益智游戏。故选D。 17. 句意：我回头看了看照片，眼睛落在托尼的照片上。 landed落下；carried携带；darkened变暗；opened打开。根据“on a picture of Tony”可知眼神落在了托尼的照片上。故选A。 18. 句意：当我听到托尼说“不，我想和莎拉一起玩。我们要去打篮球。”，我觉得眼泪夺眶而出。 jump跳；mix混合；well流出；move移动。根据“I felt tears”可知是眼泪留下来。故选C。 19. 句意：我从那些年里收集的数以百万计的记忆突然回到了我的脑海中。 collected收集；improved提高；matched匹配；copied复制。根据“The millions of memories that I...from those years”可知是那些年收集的这些回忆。故选A。 20. 句意：我又看了一遍这些照片，注意到在每一张照片中，我们每个人都处于人生的不同阶段，但我们总是面带微笑。 strange奇怪的；serious严肃的；hard难的；different不同的。根据“each of us was at...points of our lives”可知是处于不同的阶段。故选D。 Passage 5（2024·北京东城区一模试题） Our community library decided to offer a painting class. I told my friend Ella, and we both signed up. On the big day, our first 13 was to paint a white vase of cheerful yellow sunflowers against a blue background. We were asked to paint our canvas (画布) 14 . It was easy to follow the instructor to move the brush. Although I had never painted before, I could tell I was a 15 . I started thinking about where I would hang my new masterpiece. Immediately after that, however, I began to run into 16 . The first curved (弯曲的) line of my vase looked perfect, but when I painted the line on the opposite side, my hand slipped (打滑). I tried to 17 that white streak (条痕) with blue paint, but it didn’t work. While I was busy fixing my messy painting, the instructor explained how to paint the sunflower leaves. Things went downhill fast after that. My leaves looked like fat, green caterpillars (毛毛虫). When I failed to clean my paintbrush, I accidentally made the sunflowers green. I felt 18 when I saw how good everyone else’s paintings looked. Ella sweetly praised my sunflowers, perhaps feeling sorry for me. When I said that hers were much better, she looked surprised. “No, they’re not. I messed up in at least five places.” After a few seconds, she asked, “Want to 19 paintings?” Until that moment, I had felt only dislike for my painting. And yet for some reason, giving it away felt wrong. It wasn’t a perfect painting, but it was mine—the first one I had ever created. I knew Ella must have realized that she felt the same way when she suddenly shook her head and said. “Never mind.” My sunflower painting still hangs directly above my bed. I often look at it. Every time I look at it. I 20 . It always brightens my day and brings warmth to my room. I really like it now. 13. A. choice B. competition C. task D. show 14. A. white B. blue C. yellow D. green 15. A. beginner B. performer C. failure D. natural 16. A. complaints B. risks C. problems D. opportunities 17. A. cover B. clean C. mark D. connect 18. A. confused B. afraid C. bored D. upset 19. A. trade B. hang C. study D. admire 20. A. criticize B. smile C. understand D. imagine 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者第一次上绘画课的过程以及作者对于自己画作的态度的转变。 13. 句意：在这个重要的日子里，我们的第一个任务是在蓝色的背景上画一个白色的花瓶，里面装着欢快的黄色向日葵。 choice选择；competition比赛；task任务；show演出。根据“to paint a white vase of cheerful yellow sunflowers against a blue background”可知这是个任务。故选C。 14. 句意：我们被要求把画布涂成蓝色。 white白色的；blue蓝色的；yellow黄色的；green绿色的。根据“against a blue background”可知背景用蓝色。故选B。 15. 句意：虽然我以前从未画过画，但我看得出我是个天生的画家。 beginner初学者；performer表演者；failure失败；natural有天赋的人。根据“I started thinking about where I would hang my new masterpiece.”可知被告知是个有画画天赋的人。故选D。 16. 句意：然而，在那之后不久，我开始遇到问题。 complaints抱怨；risks风险；problems问题；opportunities机会。根据“The first curved (弯曲的) line of my vase looked perfect, but when I painted the line on the opposite side, my hand slipped (打滑).”可知开始出问题。故选C。 17. 句意：我试着用蓝颜料盖住那条白色的条纹，但没有用。 cover覆盖；clean打扫；mark标记；connect连接。根据“but when I painted the line on the opposite side, my hand slipped (打滑).”可知没有画好，试图用颜料把线覆盖了。故选A。 18. 句意：当我看到别人画得那么好时，我感到很沮丧。 confused困惑的；afraid害怕的；bored无聊的；upset难过的。根据“When I failed to clean my paintbrush, I accidentally made the sunflowers green.”可知自己的画没画好，看到别人画得好，感到沮丧。故选D。 19. 句意：想要交换画作吗？ trade交换；hang挂；study学习；admire欣赏。根据“Until that moment, I had felt only dislike for my painting. And yet for some reason, giving it away felt wrong.”可知提出的问题应是问是否要交换。故选A。 20. 句意：我笑了。 criticize批评；smile微笑；understand明白；imagine想象。根据“It always brightens my day and brings warmth to my room. I really like it now.”可知作者看到这幅画会笑。故选B。 Passage 6（2024·北京房山区一模试题） Someday Comes Are you afraid of the dark? How about heights, spiders, or closed spaces? No matter what your 13 is, you have the power to overcome it. I love gymnastics and my coach thinks I’m pretty good at it, too. On the mat (垫子), I can do it well. But I can’t do it on the balance beam. Today I stood on the beam, trying to do a cartwheel (侧身翻) I looked down at my coach, Rita, who prepared to catch me if I failed. I took a breath but my knees were shaking. “Well, I can’t do it! Someday I’ll do the beam. But not today.” I 14 down and went away. At the following class, Rita took out a roll of 15 . She used it to make two lines the width of the balance beam on the mat. “Maisie, I want you to practice your balance-beam routine within the lines of the tape.” Well, that’s easy enough. All I had to do was to stay inside the lines. I finished it 16 . “Great! You never went outside the lines,” Rita said. “Do you want to have a try on the balance beam?” I gave her a weak smile and shook my head. “Can you teach me how to swim?” Rita said suddenly. I was confused, and then she told me that she couldn’t swim because she was afraid of water. Therefore, I 17 . “Watch.” I jumped into the pool and began to swim. Rita was obviously afraid and hesitated (犹豫) to jump. I 18 her and finally Rita took a deep breath and jumped into the water. She succeeded! My coach was brave enough to jump into the water, and I couldn’t help thinking of myself. So I told Rita, “Maybe my ‘someday’ should be today.” I got up on the balance beam, closing my eyes and imagining I was on the mat. Then I started the cartwheel. I 19 it! Seeing that, Rita was excited to jump up and down, clapping and shouting, “You were so 20 !” “I wasn’t,” I shook my head. “I was super scared up there.” “That makes you great! You were afraid and did it anyway.” I smiled. “I guess you’re right. My someday finally comes.” 13. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. happiness 14. A. lay B. jumped C. sat D. fell 15. A. paintings B. paper C. tape D. bills 16. A. shyly B. nervously C. quietly D. perfectly 17. A. agreed B. finished C. prepared D. waited 18. A. troubled B. encouraged C. examined D. shamed 19. A. hated B. took C. meant D. made 20. A. proud B. smart C. brave D. active 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】本文讲述了作者和她的教练丽塔互相战胜内心的恐惧，完成在平衡木上侧身翻以及游泳的事情。 13. 句意：无论你的恐惧是什么，你都有能力克服它。 fear恐惧；surprise惊讶；anger生气；happiness幸福。根据“Are you afraid of the dark? How about heights, spiders, or closed spaces?”可知，黑暗、高度、蜘蛛以及封闭空间，都属于人们会害怕的东西。故选A。 14. 句意：我跳下来走开了。 lay躺；jumped跳；sat坐；fell降落。根据“Today I stood on the beam, trying to do a cartwheel (侧身翻) I looked down at my coach, Rita”可知，作者站在平衡木上，放弃后应是从上面跳了下来。故选B。 15. 句意：在接下来的课上，丽塔拿出一卷胶带。 paintings绘画；paper纸；tape胶带；bills账单。根据“She used it to make two lines the width of the balance beam on the mat.”可知，是拿出了一卷胶带。故选C。 16. 句意：我完美地完成了它。 shyly害羞地；nervously紧张地；quietly安静地；perfectly完美地。根据“Great! You never went outside the lines”可知，作者完成得很好。故选D。 17. 句意：因此，我同意了。 agreed同意；finished完成；prepared准备；waited等待。根据“‘Watch.’ I jumped into the pool and began to swim.”可知，作者同意教丽塔游泳。故选A。 18. 句意：我鼓励她，最后丽塔深吸了一口气，跳进了水里。 troubled麻烦；encouraged鼓励；examined检查；shamed羞愧。根据“finally Rita took a deep breath and jumped into the water”可知，在作者的鼓励下，丽塔最后鼓起勇气跳入了河里。故选B。 19. 句意：我做到了！ hated讨厌；took带走；meant意思是；made做。根据“Seeing that, Rita was excited to jump up and down”可知，作者最后战胜了恐惧，在平衡木上完成了侧身翻。故选D。 20. 句意：你太勇敢了！ proud骄傲的；smart聪明的；brave勇敢的；active活跃的。根据“I was super scared up there.”可知，此处是丽塔称赞作者很勇敢。故选C。 Passage 7（2024·山东滨州中考试题） “Dad, can you see the ceremony?” “Yes, I see it!” said the father with . A girl is shouldering her father so that he can watch the national flag raising ceremony at Tian’anmen Square in Beijing, China. The heartwarming act has thousands of people. The girl and her father come from Luoyang, Henan Province. The father once said that he wished to watch the national flag-raising ceremony at Tian’anmen Square someday. The daughter kept this in mind. Now she has helped her 75-year-old father his wish. To make her father see more , Baige shouldered him. This was just like her father carried her on his shoulders when she was a kid. , the girl and her father do not have a blood relationship. More than 20 years ago, Zhang Shuangqi found an abandoned (被遗弃的) baby girl beside the road. He took her home and named her Zhang Baige. “My father’s family was not rich and to bring me up actually added to his burdens (负担),” said Baige. “He took on several jobs to make a living, such as wastes and building houses.” When she , she worked very hard as a waitress and a cashier (收银员). she had her own company in Guangzhou, she and her father lived a better life. To spend more time with her father, Baige decided to do something. She bought a car to take her father to visit lots of cities around China. “My father is getting older and older, I should build a body and mind so that I can help to make his dreams come true. And no matter he hopes to do, I am willing to do anything I can. He brought me up and I will never leave him alone,” said Baige. 11. A. courage B. excitement C. choice D. fear 12. A. promised B. supposed C. touched D. prevented 13. A. achieve B. attend C. advise D. avoid 14. A. slowly B. safely C. carelessly D. clearly 15. A. In fact B. In total C. At first D. After all 16. A. collecting B. correcting C. competing D. comparing 17. A. took up B. looked up C. grew up D. put up 18. A. Although B. Unless C. Before D. After 19. A. typical B. silent C. strong D. humorous 20. A. when B. what C. how D. where 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，张白鸽曾是一名弃婴，二十多年前被养父收养。如今她为了报答养父，带着他周游中国。她在天安门广场上扛着养父看升旗仪式的场景感动了无数网友。 11. 句意：“是的，我看到了！”父亲兴奋地说。 courage勇气；excitement兴奋；choice选择；fear恐惧。根据下文“The father once said that he wished to watch the national flag-raising ceremony at Tian’anmen Square someday”可知，父亲的愿望是在天安门广场看升旗，当他看到升旗仪式时是兴奋的。故选B。 12. 句意：这一感人的举动感动了成千上万的人。 promised承诺；supposed假定；touched感动；prevented防止。根据“A girl is shouldering her father so that he can watch the national flag raising ceremony”可知，女儿扛着父亲看升旗仪式的场景令很多人感动。故选C。 13. 句意：现在，她已经帮助75岁的父亲实现了他的愿望。 achieve实现；attend参加；advise建议；avoid避免。根据“ Now she has helped her 75-year-old father… his wish.”可知，张白鸽帮助父亲实现了在天安门广场看升旗仪式的愿望。故选A。 14. 句意：为了让父亲看得更清楚，白鸽把他扛在肩上。 slowly缓慢地；safely安全地；carelessly粗心地；clearly清楚地。根据“To make her father see more…, Baige shouldered him.”可知，白鸽为了让父亲看得更清楚，所以把父亲扛在肩上。故选D。 15. 句意：事实上，这个女孩和她的父亲没有血缘关系。 In fact实际上；In total总共；At first起初；After all毕竟。根据“the girl and her father do not have a blood relationship.”可知，前文的描述使读者认为张白鸽和父亲是亲生父女，但实际上，他们并没有血缘关系。故选A。 16. 句意：他做了几份工作来谋生，比如收垃圾和盖房子。 collecting收集；correcting纠正；competing竞争；comparing比较。根据“wastes”可知，张白鸽的父亲收垃圾谋生。故选A。 17. 句意：长大后，她做过服务员和收银员，工作非常努力。 took up占据；looked up查阅；grew up长大；put up张贴。根据“she worked very hard as a waitress and a cashier”可知，白鸽长大后做过服务员和收银员工作。故选C。 18. 句意：在广州有了自己的公司后，她和父亲过上了更好的生活。 Although尽管；Unless除非；Before在……之前；After在……之后。根据“she and her father lived a better life”可知，白鸽有了自己的公司后，和父亲过上了更好的生活。故选D。 19. 句意：我父亲年纪越来越大了，我应该建立一个强大的身心，这样我才能帮助他实现梦想。 typical典型的；silent沉默的；strong强壮的；humorous幽默的。根据“so that I can help to make his dreams come true”可知，为了帮助日益老去的父亲实现梦想，白鸽认为自己应该建立强大的身心。故选C。 20. 句意：无论他希望做什么，我都愿意做我能做的任何事情。 when什么时候；what什么；how怎样；where在哪里。根据“And no matter…he hopes to do…”可知，此处指无论父亲想要做什么，白鸽愿意做任何事情，应用what，no matter what“无论什么”。故选B。 Passage 8（2024·江苏无锡中考试题） One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 15 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 16 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 17 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.” Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 18 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 19 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either. “Dan, I’m very proud of you for 20 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied. Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 21 . “This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 22 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 23 ?” Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up. “Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 24 it. Do I still have to help?” “Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.” 15. A. bored B. angry C. relaxed D. happy 16. A. how B. when C. why D. what 17. A. work B. town C. hope D. time 18. A. excitedly B. proudly C. worriedly D. politely 19. A. secrets B. changes C. praises D. whispers 20. A. understanding B. describing C. explaining D. announcing 21. A. faster B. slower C. louder D. quieter 22. A. lending B. making C. spending D. raising 23. A. ideas B. questions C. plans D. suggestions 24. A. afford B. cancel C. return D. share 【答案】15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的班级要去旅行，作者没有钱，且羞于承认。班级里同样没有钱去旅行的丹尼诚实勇敢地说明了自己的境况，获得了老师的称赞。最后老师让学生自己筹集资金来参加这次旅行。 15. 句意：感到如此被冷落让我很生气。 bored无聊的；angry生气的；relaxed放松的；happy开心的。根据“knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me…to feel so left out.”可知，作者没有钱去旅行，感到被冷落，所以生气。故选B。 16. 句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。” how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么；what什么。根据“He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going.”及“It’s too much money for me…”可知，此处是老师询问丹尼为什么不能去旅行。故选C。 17. 句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。” work工作；town城镇；hope希望；time时间。根据“My dad hurt his back and has been out of …for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.”可知，丹尼父亲的背受伤了，已经失业了，所以丹尼不会向父母要钱。故选A。 18. 句意：丹尼在座位上坐了下来，骄傲地抬起头，尽管窃窃私语已经开始了。 excitedly兴奋地；proudly骄傲地；worriedly担忧地；politely有礼貌地。根据“Danny held his head up”及上文可知，丹尼诚实地告诉大家自己的境况，骄傲地抬起头。故选B。 19. 句意：我只能安静地坐在座位上，知道如果他们发现我也去不了，那些窃窃私语可能就是针对我的。 secrets秘密；changes改变；praises称赞；whispers低语，私语。根据“even though whispering had already begun”可知，作者觉得如果同学们知道自己也没钱去旅行，那同学们也会窃窃私语。故选D。 20. 句意：“丹，你能理解你父母的处境，我为你感到骄傲，”西姆斯回答说。 understanding理解；describing描述；explaining解释；announcing宣布。根据“the situation that your parents are in”可知，丹尼理解父母的处境，所以放弃了旅行。故选A。 21. 句意：看到学生们在后面窃窃私语，西姆斯先生又说话了，只是声音更大了。 faster更快的；slower更慢的；louder更大声的；quieter更安静的。根据“Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again”可知，同学们在窃窃私语，所以老师用更大声音说话。故选C。 22. 句意：这次旅行要到月底才开始，所以有足够的时间来筹集资金。 lending借出；making制作；spending花费；raising筹集。根据“The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money…”及下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，这次旅行的费用不再是同学们向自己的父母要，而是自己筹集资金。故选D。 23. 句意：有什么问题吗？ ideas想法；questions问题；plans计划；suggestions建议。根据下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，老师提出建议后，问同学们还有什么问题。故选B。 24. 句意：嗯，西姆斯先生，我父母负担得起。 afford负担得起；cancel取消；return返回；share分享。根据“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，谢莉觉得父母承担得起这次旅行的费用，所以询问自己是否还要参与到这次筹钱的活动中。故选A。 Passage 9（2024·安徽中考试题） Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my 21 . Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced. I 22 many different methods. However, none of them 23 . Luckily, I met with a doctor of TCM during my trip in China. He advised me to take some Chinese medicine. So I did. To my surprise, my 24 was gone within a week. Later, I found that TCM could be of great help to some 25 lasting for a long time, such as sleeping problems or physical pains. The 26 methods in TCM also took my wife’s interest. With her 27 , I’m running a website to introduce TCM. I want to help people understand that if they have some 28 problems, they can try TCM. All these experiences with TCM led me to 29 ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学), for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were 30 inspired (启发) by it. Since then, I have stepped onto the road to learning about Chinese culture. 21. A. habit B. education C. service D. experience 22. A. reported B. tried C. kept D. taught 23. A. worked B. started C. failed D. appeared 24. A. wealth B. courage C. chance D. pain 25. A. illnesses B. hobbies C. projects D. abilities 26. A. expensive B. helpful C. social D. blind 27. A. check B. worry C. support D. doubt 28. A. health B. food C. family D. job 29. A. drop B. write C. study D. create 30. A. recently B. rapidly C. suddenly D. directly 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】本文讲述了作者的头痛在中医的治疗下恢复并开始学习中国古代哲学的故事。 21. 句意：多年前，我经常头痛，生活受到严重影响。 habit习惯；education教育；service服务；experience经历。根据“Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced”以及下文可知，这是介绍作者的经历，故选D。 22. 句意：我尝试了许多不同的方法。 reported报告；tried尝试；kept保持；taught教。根据“... many different methods. However, none of them ”可知，作者尝试了很多不同的方法治疗头痛，故选B。 23. 句意：然而，它们都不起作用。 worked起作用；started开始；failed失败；appeared出现。根据“However, none of them...”可知，这些方法都不起作用，故选A。 24. 句意：令我惊讶的是，我的疼痛在一周内消失了。 wealth财富；courage勇气；chance机会；pain痛苦。根据“He advised me to take some Chinese medicine.”可知，作者看了中医后，头痛消失了，故选D。 25. 句意：后来，我发现中医对一些长期的疾病有很大的帮助，比如睡眠问题或身体疼痛。 illnesses疾病；hobbies爱好；projects项目；abilities能力。根据“such as sleeping problems or physical pains”可知，这些都属于长期疾病，故选A。 26. 句意：中医有用的方法也引起了我妻子的兴趣。 expensive昂贵的；helpful有帮助的；social社会的；blind盲的。根据“took my wife’s interest”结合上文介绍作者的头痛在中医的帮助下治好了可知，这种方法是有用的，故选B。 27. 句意：在她的支持下，我经营了一个介绍中医的网站。 check检查；worry担心；support支持；doubt怀疑。根据“took my wife’s interest”可知，作者的妻子支持作者，故选C。 28. 句意：我想帮助健康的人明白，如果他们有问题，他们可以尝试中医。 health健康；food食物；family家庭；job工作。根据“they can try TCM”可知，有健康问题可以尝试中医，故选A。 29. 句意：所有这些中医的经历促使我学习中国古代哲学，因为中医的许多思想，如阴阳和气，都是直接受到它的启发。 drop掉落；write写；study学习；create创造。根据“ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学)”可知，作者开始学习中国古代哲学，故选C。 30. 句意：所有这些中医的经历促使我学习中国古代哲学，因为中医的许多思想，如阴阳和气，都是直接受到它的启发。 recently最近；rapidly快速地；suddenly突然地；directly直接地。根据“for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were...inspired (启发) by it.”可知，中医的许多思想都会直接受到中国古代哲学的启发，故选D。 Passage 10（2024·天津中考试题） Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh (梵高) was such an artist. People did not pay much attention to his 16 . He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting. He was so 17 in what he was painting that he did not want to stop. He would even 18 to eat! 19 , his paintings were dark. He used pencils or charcoal sticks (炭条) to make them. Then he 20 colour. He used lots of brown and dark green. Later, Vincent moved to France. He wanted to learn from the artists who 21 there. They were trying new 22 of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colours. He used oil paints (油画颜料) to create his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He 23 painted self-portraits (自画像). He created more than 20 portraits of himself! Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings in his life. 24 people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime, his paintings sell for a lot of money today. People think his paintings are masterpieces (杰作). For example, the painting Sunflowers is very 25 all over the world. 16. A. trips B. paintings C. villages D. music 17. A. wrong B. lucky C. interested D. tired 18. A. forget B. start C. hope D. agree 19. A. At last B. Once again C. At least D. At first 20. A. helped B. added C. missed D. guessed 21. A. worked B. sang C. danced D. cooked 22. A. facts B. stories C. ways D. reports 23. A. never B. hardly C. perhaps D. also 24. A. Before B. Though C. If D. When 25. A. humorous B. polite C. famous D. quiet 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 【解析】本文主要介绍世界著名的画家梵高。 16. 句意：人们不太注意他的画。 trips旅行；paintings绘画；villages乡村；music音乐。根据“He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting.”可知，此处谈论绘画，故选B。 17. 句意：他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，不想停下来。 wrong错误的；lucky幸运的；interested感兴趣的；tired劳累的。根据“He was so...in what he was painting that he did not want to stop.”可知，他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，此处是be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故选C。 18. 句意：他甚至会忘记吃饭！ forget忘记；start开始；hope希望；agree同意。根据“He would even...to eat!”可知，他甚至会忘记吃饭，故选A。 19. 句意：起初，他的画是黑色的。 At last最后；Once again再一次；At least至少；At first首先。根据“..., his paintings were dark.”可知，起初他的画是黑色的，故选D。 20. 句意：然后他又加上了颜色。 helped帮助；added添加；missed错过；guessed猜。根据“Then he...colour. He used lots of brown and dark green.”可知，他又加上了颜色，故选B。 21. 句意：他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习。 worked工作；sang唱歌；danced跳舞；cooked做饭。根据“He wanted to learn from the artists who...there.”可知，他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习，故选A。 22. 句意：他们在尝试新的绘画方法。 facts事实；stories故事；ways方法；reports报道。根据“They were trying new...of painting.”可知，他们在尝试新的绘画方法。故选C。 23. 句意：他还画了自画像。 never从不；hardly几乎不；perhaps也许；also也。根据“He painted both the countryside and people. He...painted self-portraits (自画像).”可知，他既画乡村，也画人物，还画了自画像。故选D。 24. 句意：虽然人们在他生前没有买他的画，但他的画今天卖了很多钱。 Before在之前；Though虽然；If如果；When当……时。前后两句构成让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句，故选B。 25. 句意：例如，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名。 humorous幽默的；polite礼貌的；famous著名的；quiet安静的。根据“the painting Sunflowers is very...all over the world”可知，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名，故选C。 Passage 11（2024·北京中考试题） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I can’t wait to ride Piper,” Serena told Rose, her coach. Rose smiled and said, “Sorry, but we need to save Piper for our newer 13 this year. She’s one of the best-behaved horses. How about you try riding Harley?” Serena felt 14 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to 15 ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh 16 . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley 17 . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. Soon, Serena and Harley made progress together as their confidence in each other 18 . By the end of the first week, they had completed the obstacle course together. On the final day of the camp was the bag race. Serena confidently climbed onto Harley. Harley, 19 the excitement of the day, ran through the course like a madman and easily won. The other horses were just no match for Harley. Rose handed Serena the winner’s trophy with a wink (眨眼). Serena suddenly realized that Rose had wanted her to 20 herself to be a better rider, even though she would have had a nice time with Piper. Serena gave Rose a hug and then took the trophy, and a carrot, over to Harley. 13. A. leaders B. riders C. climbers D. drivers 14. A. stupid B. disappointed C. comfortable D. lucky 15. A. refuse B. raise C. cheat D. control 16. A. answer B. memory C. start D. topic 17. A. angrily B. softly C. curiously D. sadly 18. A. fell B. returned C. grew D. remained 19. A. sensing B. breaking C. hiding D. spreading 20. A. advise B. accept C. choose D. challenge 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】本文主要讲述了Serena克服恐惧和Harley一起赢得奖杯的故事。 13. 句意：抱歉，但我们得把Piper留给今年新来的骑手。 leader领导；rider骑手；climber登山者；driver司机。根据“Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp.”及语境可知，此处表示要把Piper留给新的骑手。故选B。 14. 句意：Serena一看到那匹最高的马Harley，就感到失望和有点害怕，但她仍然抱有希望。 stupid愚蠢的；disappointed失望的；comfortable 舒服的；lucky幸运的。根据上文中的“I can’t wait to ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley”及语境可知，Serena不能骑她想骑的马，因此感到失望。故选B。 15. 句意：“我害怕Harley，他太难控制了，”Serena告诉Rose。 refuse拒绝；raise升起；cheat作弊；control控制。根据上文“As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off.”及语境可知，当Serena试图骑到Harley的背上时，Harley用后腿直立了起来，把Serena甩了下去，因此Serena觉得Harley很难控制。control“控制”符合语境。故选D。 16. 句意：Serena决定是时候重新开始了。 answer回答；memory记忆；start开始；topic话题。根据下文中的“I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends”及语境可知，Serena决定重新开始。start“开始”符合语境。故选C。 17. 句意：她轻声地对Harley说。 angrily生气地；softly温柔地；curiously好奇地；sadly伤心地。根据下文中的“After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer.”及语境可知，此处表示Serena温柔地对Harley说话，过了一会儿，Harley平静了下来。故选B。 18. 句意：很快，Serena和Harley一起取得了进步，他们对彼此的信心也在增强。 fell落下；returned返回；grew增加；remained保持。根据上文中的“Serena and Harley made progress together”及语境可知，Serena和Harley取得了进步，所以对彼此的信心都有所强。grew“增加”符合语境。故选C。 19. 句意：Harley感受到了这一天的兴奋，他像疯子一样跑过了赛道，轻松获胜。 sensing感受；breaking打破；hiding躲藏；spreading传播。根据下文中的“ran through the course like madman and easily won”可知，此处表示Harley感受到了这天的兴奋，像疯了一样在赛道上狂奔。故选A。 20. 句意：Serena突然意识到，Rose想让她挑战自己，成为一名更好的骑手，尽管她会和Piper度过一段美好的时光。 advise建议；accept接受；choose选择；challenge挑战。根据“herself to be a better rider”可知，此处指“挑战自己，成为更好的骑手”，challenge“挑战”符合语境。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$