精品解析：广东省深圳高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

深圳高级中学(集团)2024—2025学年第一学期期末测试题 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。考试时间120分钟，满分130分。 第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Travel Guide Whether you’ re travelling to the islands or the mountains of Thailand, you’ re likely to spend at least one night in its capital city on the way. Bangkok might be noisy and polluted but it’s also an exciting city with plenty of things to see and do. Why not make it a longer stay? Where to stay The Khao San Road was a famous traveller spot even before Leonardo DiCaprio’s character in the film The Beach stayed there. But it’s noisy, not very pretty and not very Thai. For something more authentic, Phra Kanong offers an alternative place to stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkok people eat, work and live. It’s not as convenient for the main tourist sites, but it has a Skytrain station so you can be at the Grand Palace in 20 minutes. How to get around Bangkok’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, you can easily take a taxi — if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams — but there are two much better ways to get around the city. To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a long-tail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals. For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market. Where to eat The simple answer is: everywhere! Thai street food is among the best in the world, and for around $5 you can eat a filling and delicious meal. Some food stands have little plastic seats where you can sit and eat and they cook the same dish over and over, like fried chicken on rice or Pad Thai noodles. Head for Chinatown — Yaowarat Street — and choose whatever looks most interesting from the many excellent Chinese and Thai restaurants and food stands. What to do After you’ve seen the main sites like the Giant Buddha at the temple of WatPho and the spectacular Grand Palace, and shopped at Chatuchak market, check out the snake farm and watch the live snake show. You can even touch a snake yourself if you want to! 1. What can we know about accommodation in Bangkok? A. Khao San Road is well-known for its comfortable living conditions. B. Phra Kanong provides an authentic Thai living experience. C. Areas close to tourist sites generally have noise problems. D. The accommodation near the Skytrain stations is insufficient. 2. What is the most efficient way to reach modern shopping areas? A. Taking taxis. B. Catching an express boat. C. Taking the Skytrain. D. Catching a long-tail boat. 3. Based on the text, which one of the following could be the best advice for traveling Bangkok? A. One night is enough to fully experience Bangkok. B. Avoid express boat river taxis as they often get you stuck in traffic. C. Select dining places carefully since not all are of good quality. D. Try to explore Bangkok’s diverse spots for fun. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国首都曼谷的旅游信息，包括住宿地点、交通方式、美食以及旅游景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Where to stay部分中“For something more authentic, Phra Kanong offers an alternative place to stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkok people eat, work and live.(想要更地道的体验，Phra Kanong提供了另一个住宿选择，那里有很棒的街头市场，曼谷的普通民众在这里吃饭、工作和生活)”可知，Phra Kanong能提供真实的泰国生活体验。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to get around部分中“For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market.(对于城市的现代化区域，乘坐轻轨是一种快速、廉价的出行方式，可以从河边前往素坤逸的购物中心、夜生活区以及著名的乍都乍周末市场)”可知，到达现代化购物区域最有效的方式是乘坐轻轨。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bangkok might be noisy and polluted but it’s also an exciting city with plenty of things to see and do. Why not make it a longer stay?(曼谷可能吵闹且污染严重，但它也是一座充满活力的城市，有很多值得看和做的事情。为什么不延长逗留时间呢？)”以及全文对曼谷的介绍可知，曼谷有很多值得探索的地方，如寺庙、市场、蛇园等，因此最好的旅行建议是尽量探索曼谷多样化的景点以获得乐趣。故选D项。 B The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river. This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas’s library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally, my thoughts come to the idea of making a voyage of discovery. Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path. 4. What does the author think of the Pole? A. It reminds him of his childhood. B. It must be a region full of surprises. C. It would fulfil his dream of being an adventurer. D. It’s too cold a destination with almost nothing. 5. What does the bold-lettered word “enterprise” in the last paragraph mean? A. career. B. adventure. C. business. D. service. 6. To realize his childhood dream, the author got . A. physically prepared by experiencing great suffering B. spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recognition C. academically prepared by reading books on exploration D. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship 7. According to the text, the author is definitely a person full of . A. courage B. fancy C. pride D. perseverance 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了实现儿时去极地探险的梦想，多年来做的一系列准备工作，包括身体和精神上的准备。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there?(我无法将极地想象成寒冷而空旷的地方；在我的想象中，它是一个美丽而令人愉悦的地方。谁知道我们在那里会发现什么奇怪的风景和生物呢?)”可知，作者认为极地一定是一个充满惊喜的地方。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据加粗单词前文“Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage.(自从我决定这次航行以来，已经六年过去了)”和后文“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠)”可知，作者为了去极地探险，开始做各种准备，让自己适应艰苦的环境，由此推知，加粗单词 enterprise指的是“去极地探险”，与B项adventure同义。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠。白天我常常比普通水手工作得更努力)”可知，为了实现儿时的梦想，作者通过经历巨大的痛苦来做身体上的准备。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage.(自从我决定这次航行以来，六年已经过去了)”以及“I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠)”可推知，作者为了去极地探险，六年来一直在做准备，包括让身体适应艰苦的环境，由此可见，作者是一个充满毅力的人。故选D项。 C In 1960, Douglas McGregor, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, introduced Theory X and Theory Y in his book The Human Side of Enterprise. He held that when it comes to motivating employees, specific assumptions about human nature must be factored in. Theory X assumes that the average person naturally dislikes work and will avoid it whenever possible. It also suggests that most people are easily influenced, not very intelligent, resist change, avoid responsibility, and prioritize personal security over organizational goals while being self-centred. Based on these, management is tasked with organizing all elements of a productive company. They must direct employees, motivate them through rewards and punishments, and tightly control their actions. This traditional approach often leads to autocratic (独断的) leadership within organizations. For instance, employees are closely supervised, and decisions are made from the top-down with little input from the workforce. McGregor, noticing the shortcomings of Theory X, came up with Theory Y. This theory suggests that under favorable working conditions, work can be as natural as relaxation. People, when committed, can exercise self-control and self-direction. They are willing to take on responsibility and are brimming with imagination and creativity. Organizations that follow Theory Y typically feature decentralized authority, two-way communication systems, and participative leadership. In such workplaces, employees are given more autonomy, like being involved in decision-making processes that affect their work. These two theories have been significant in crystallizing the findings of the Hawthrone Experiments. However, they have faced criticism. They tend to oversimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrongly assuming that the job itself is the sole key to motivation. Also, Theory Y can seem overly idealistic. In the real world, not every job can be made internally rewarding, and some level of external direction is often necessary. In the end, neither theory suits all situations. A combination of both, known as the contingency approach, is the most fitting for diverse organizational scenarios. This approach allows managers to adapt their motivational strategies based on the specific context, employee characteristics, and the nature of the tasks at hand. 8. Which of the following assumptions may come from Theory X? A. People are eager for job variety. B. People dislike to work by nature. C. People constantly seek to change. D. People are always cooperative. 9. What’s likely to happen in a company that follows Theory Y? A. Workers help plan their own work. B. There are strict rules for everything they do. C. Workers are pushed by the fear of losing their jobs. D. Bosses tell workers what to do for every task. 10. According to the text, what is NOT a reason to criticize McGregor’s theories? A. They assume that all employees respond identically to motivation. B. They paint a simplistic picture of how people think and act at work. C. They set an unrealistic standard for what makes a job engaging. D. They fail to account for the need for some leadership guidance. 11. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. A certain theory can fix problems in big companies. B. Knowing these theories helps with employees’ office work. C. A mix of the theories should be used depending on the situation. D. Getting employees motivated is very important for a company’s success. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道格拉斯·麦格雷戈的X理论和Y理论，分别讲述了两种理论种员工对工作的看法和做法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Theory X assumes that the average person naturally dislikes work and will avoid it whenever possible.(X理论认为，普通人天生不喜欢工作，只要有可能就会逃避工作)”可知，人们天生不喜欢工作的假设可能来自X理论。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“McGregor, noticing the shortcomings of Theory X, came up with Theory Y. This theory suggests that under favorable working conditions, work can be as natural as relaxation. People, when committed, can exercise self-control and self-direction.(麦格雷戈注意到X理论的缺陷，提出了Y理论。该理论认为，在有利的工作条件下，工作可以像放松一样自然。当人们做出承诺时，他们可以进行自我控制和自我指导)”可知，遵循Y理论的公司，工人帮助计划自己的工作。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“They tend to oversimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrongly assuming that the job itself is the sole key to motivation.(他们倾向于过度简化人性和管理风格，错误地认为工作本身是激励的唯一关键)”可知，B选项“他们描绘了一幅人们在工作中如何思考和行动的简单画面”属于理由；以及“In the real world, not every job can be made internally rewarding, and some level of external direction is often necessary.(在现实世界中，并不是每一份工作都能从内部获得回报，某种程度的外部指导往往是必要的)”可知，说明了C选项“他们为工作的吸引力设定了一个不切实际的标准”以及D选项“他们没有考虑到需要一些领导指导”，属于理由，故A选项“他们认为所有员工对激励的反应都是一样的”不是批评麦格雷戈理论的理由。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In the end, neither theory suits all situations. A combination of both, known as the contingency approach, is the most fitting for diverse organizational scenarios. This approach allows managers to adapt their motivational strategies based on the specific context, employee characteristics, and the nature of the tasks at hand.(最后，这两种理论都不适用于所有情况。两者的结合，称为权变方法，最适合于不同的组织场景。这种方法允许管理者根据具体的环境、员工的特点和手头任务的性质来调整他们的激励策略)”可知，最后一段的主旨是应根据具体情况综合运用这些理论。故选C。 D The technology for speech-recognition systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many voice systems can understand the language when spoken at a normal conversational rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used today are unable to trick the listeners into thinking a computer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely on more than words to convey ideas or interpret messages, such as tones, facial expressions, body movements, and objects in the world around them. One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words. While the potential for “real” communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data. For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human. 12. According to the text, what can a VPA do? A. Entertain users with its original jokes. B. Enable people to regard it as a human. C. Hold preprogrammed conversations. D. Display the right tones in conversations. 13. Which situation reflects the concerns mentioned in the text? A. One VPA service was priced higher for protecting users’ privacy. B. An airline bore high costs for applying VPAs to its online service. C An app failed to offer the right direction when given spoken instructions. D. Some teenagers became more socially awkward due to the addiction to VPAs. 14. What is the purpose of the text? A. To inform readers of the double-edged quality of a new technology. B. To inspire readers to explore the future of a new technology. C. To promote the application of a new technology. D. To stress the convenience of a new technology. 15. What might be the best title of the text? A. The worries over VPAs. B. Listening to“a real person”. C. The world of technology. D. Talking to technology. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words.(尽管如此，幽默是预先编程的，只有当人类用户说出某些关键词时才会被触发。)”可知，VPA可以进行预先编程的对话。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills.(一些专家担心人们对这些机器的依赖，并担心年轻一代不会发展成功的人际交流技巧。他们担心人们在对话中无法表现出正确的情绪或语气，因为他们一直没有练习这些技能。)”可知，文中提到的担忧是人们过于依赖VPA而导致社交技能退化。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是告知读者一项新技术的双刃剑特性。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。选项D“与技术对话”直接概括了文章的核心内容。故选D。 第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____19____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。 【16题详解】 根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.”可知，你病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，不要害怕问你医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。 第二部分 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “If after the first 50 pages of a book you don’t get engaged, you’ re allowed to stop reading and try again later when you feel ready for it,” my father told me. My father holds this ___21___ responsible for his lifelong love of literature. As a busy labourer, he has regarded reading books as an almost sacred ___22___ . He feels a strong, perhaps, irresistible ____23____ to read frequently and a lot. I don’t think my father ____24____ to hand the advice down to me. He’s not the sort to give advice and I’m not the sort to ____25____ it. But I find it’s because the advice is delivered _____26_____ that it is most likely to be listened to. I like this advice “reading first 50 pages”, for the generosity and respect it extends to a book’s ____27____ and his or her craft. A reader, it suggests, needs a little ____28____ to adapt to a book’s particular tone and voice. Meanwhile, this advice gives a person permission to ____29____ reading. Nobody, it implies, need force themselves to struggle through a book they’re not ___30___ . I particularly like the ___31___ advice to return to a book “when you feel ready for it.” It’s a ___32___ that reading is naturally relational and that the readers need time. Even when I’m more than ready to stop reading by page 50, ___33___ the exercise feels worth doing. Just like stopping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ____34____ it uses them in a different way from cycling. But in both cases, it’s a satisfying kind of hurt because it’s a ____35____ of getting stronger. 21. A. warning B. advice C. guarantee D. request 22. A. debate B. protest C. beg D. escape 23. A. trend B. view C. urge D. influence 24. A. dared B. forgot C. hesitated D. intended 25. A. ask B. write C. drop D. support 26. A. safely B. quickly C. indirectly D. personally 27. A. reader B. author C. critic D. publisher 28. A. patience B. luck C. help D. grace 29. A. finish B. teach C. love D. stop 30. A. referring to B. talking about C. connecting with D. commenting on 31. A. gentle B. strong C. common D. timely 32. A. duty B. recognition C. pity D. wonder 33. A. thus B. just C. then D. still 34. A. unless B. because C. once D. before 35. A. sign B. rule C. question D. goal 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢阅读，他告诉作者“如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试”，作者很喜欢这一建议，并就这一建议表达了自己的看法。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲认为这个建议对他一生对文学的热爱负有责任。A. warning警告；B. advice建议；C. guarantee保证；D. request要求。由上文““If after the first 50 pages of a book you don’t get engaged, you’ re allowed to stop reading and try again later when you feel ready for it,” my father told me.”可知，此处指父亲给作者的这一建议——如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，下文“hand the advice down to me”也是提示，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名忙碌的劳动者，他认为阅读书几乎是神圣的暂时解脱。A. debate争论；B. protest抗议；C. beg乞求；D. escape暂时解脱。由上文“As a busy labourer, he has regarded reading books as an almost sacred”可知，父亲作为一名劳动者，阅读能让他暂时摆脱劳动，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感到一种强烈的，也许是不可抗拒的经常阅读的冲动。A. trend趋势；B. view景色；C. urge冲动；D. influence影响。由上文“My father holds this______ responsible for his lifelong love of literature.”可知，作者热爱阅读，所以他会感到有强烈的阅读的冲动，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为我父亲打算把这个建议传给我。A. dared敢；B. forgot忘记；C. hesitated犹豫；D. intended打算。由下文“He’s not the sort to give advice”可知，父亲并不打算给作者这个建议，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不是那种会提供建议的人，我也不是那种会要建议的人。A. ask要求；B. write写作；C. drop掉落；D. support支持。由上文“He’s not the sort to give advice and I’m not the sort to”可知，作者认为自己不是那种主动向别人寻求建议的人，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我发现正是因为该建议是间接地提供的，所以它是最有可能被听取的建议。A. safely安全地；B. quickly快速地；C. indirectly间接地；D. personally亲自地。由上文“He’s not the sort to give advice”可知，父亲并没有直接告诉作者这个建议，所以此处指建议被间接地提供，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢此建议“阅读前50页”，因为它的慷慨和尊重扩展到了一本书的作者和他或她的工艺。A. reader读者；B. author作者；C. critic批评家；D. publisher出版商。由下文“his or her craft.”可知，此处指书的作者，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它建议，读者需要一点耐心来适应一本书的特殊语气和声音。A. patience耐心；B. luck运气；C. help帮助；D. grace优雅。由下文“to adapt to a book’s particular tone and voice.”和第一段提到的建议——如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，这说明读者需要一定的耐心来适应一本书，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，这个建议允许人们停止阅读。A. finish结束；B. teach教；C. love爱；D. stop停止。由第一段““If after the first 50 pages of a book you don’t get engaged, you’ re allowed to stop reading and try again later when you feel ready for it,” my father told me.”这个建议可知，如果读完一本书的前50 页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，所以此处指这个建议允许人们停止阅读，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着，没有人需要强迫自己费劲去读一本与他们没有联系的书。A. referring to指的是；B. talking about谈论；C. connecting with与……连接；D. commenting on对……评论。由上文“Nobody, it implies, need force themselves to struggle through a book they’re not”和第一段的建议如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，可知，没有人强迫自己费劲去读一本与他们没有联系的书，如果读完50页还是不感兴趣那就需要停止阅读。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我特别喜欢“当你准备好读一本书”的温和建议。A. gentle温柔的；B. strong强壮的；C. common共同的；D. timely及时的。由下文““when you feel ready for it.””和第一段的建议可知，当你读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，然后等你准备好后再试，这是一个温和的建议，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种认识，即阅读本质上是相关的，并且读者需要时间。A. duty责任；B. recognition认出；认识；C. pity遗憾；D. wonder好奇。由下文“that reading is naturally relational and that the readers need time.”可知，阅读本质上是相关的，并且读者需要时间，这是一种认识，故选B。 33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使读到第 50 页我已经准备好停止阅读，但这个操作仍然值得做。就像中途停止游泳会让我腿部的肌肉疼痛一样，因为它以与骑自行车不同的方式使用它们。A. thus因此；B. just只是；C. then然后；D. still仍然。由上文“Even when I’m more than ready to stop reading by page 50”和下文“the exercise feels worth doing”可知，在读到第50页已经准备好停止阅读后，等你准备好后，你仍然会继续阅读，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：就像中途停止游泳会让我腿部的肌肉疼痛一样，因为它以与骑自行车不同的方式使用它们。A. unless除非；B. because因为；C. once一旦；D. before在……之前。空后“it uses them in a different way from cyclin”是空前“Just like stopping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在这两种情况下，这都是令人满意的伤害，因为这是越来越强的迹象。A. sign标志；B. rule规则；C. question问题；D. goal目标。由下文“of getting stronger.”可知，此处指这种痛苦是一种令人满意的越来越强的迹象，故选A。 第三部分 语法选择题 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 36. We must all take action to reduce our carbon footprint, and protect wildlife habitats it is too late. A. since B. until C. after D. before 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们都必须采取行动，减少我们的碳足迹，并在为时已晚之前保护野生动物栖息地。A. since自从；B. until直到；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。根据后文“it is too late”指在来不及之前，保护野生动物栖息地。故选D。 37. This is the ancient tree, branches provide a cool shelter for people to rest under during hot summers. A. which B. that C. whose D. who 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一棵古树，它的树枝为人们在炎热的夏天提供了一个凉爽的遮蔽处。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tree，在从句作定语，应用whose。故选C。 38. The question our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month has been on everyone’s lips. A. if B. whether C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大家都在谈论我们小镇下个月是否会举办著名歌手的免费演唱会。______our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month 是同位语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导，if虽有“是否”之意，但是不能引导同位语从句，故选B。 39. The experienced guide made the tourists a closer look at the rare plants in the nature reserve to appreciate their unique beauty. A. do B. done C. to do D. doing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：经验丰富的导游让游客们仔细观察自然保护区的珍稀植物，欣赏它们独特的美丽。短语make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”。故选A。 40. in the sudden rainstorm while hiking in the mountains was an unpleasant experience for the outdoor enthusiasts. A. Being caught B. Caught C. Catching D. To Catch 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于户外运动爱好者来说，在山上徒步旅行时遇到突然的暴雨是一次不愉快的经历。短语be caugh in表示“陷入”，作主语，应用动名词形式，故选A。 41. It was in that small, cozy coffee shop by the river the two old friends reunited after years of separation. They shared many memories and laughed a lot. A. where B. which C. when D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是在河边那家小而舒适的咖啡馆里，两位老朋友在分别多年后重逢。他们分享了许多回忆，笑得很开心。分析句子可知，句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that；本句中强调的是原句中状语“in that small, cozy coffee shop by the river”，句子其它部分由that引出。故选D项。 42. —— This project is challenging, with its tight deadlines and complex requirements. —— Yes, but I think it’s than the one we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scope. A. more challenging B. the most challenging C. less challenging D. the least challenging 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查比较级。句意：——这个项目很有挑战性，期限很紧，要求也很复杂。——是的，但我认为它没有上个季度的项目那么有挑战性，上个季度的项目有更严格的规则和更大的范围。根据后文 the one we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scope可知，上个季度的项目有更严格的规则和更大的范围，说明这一个项目没有上个季度那么有挑战性，用比较级less challenging。故选C。 43. Finally, the company — by its new manager — started to make a profit. A. heading B. to head C. was headed D. headed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，在新经理的领导下的公司开始盈利。此处head与company构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选D。 44. The greatest glory in living lies not in never , but in rising every time we fall. A. to fall B. falling C. fallen D. fall 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人生的最大辉煌不在于从不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒后爬起。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选B。 45. In the new semester, the school has launched a series of diverse and innovative courses to meet the various interests of the students. These students may choose the courses that most interest . A. them B. themselves C. us D. itself 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：在新的学期，学校推出了一系列多样化和创新的课程以满足学生们的各种兴趣。这些学生可以选择最感兴趣的课程。A. them他们（宾格）；B. themselves他们自己（反身代词）；C. us我们（宾格）；D. itself它自己（反身代词）。设空处代替的是前文提到的“学生”，应使用指代复数第三人称的代词的宾格them。故选A。 第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Not all famous national parks are on land. Some national parks are marine parks. One good example of this is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia. _____46_____ (stretch) over 2,300 kilometers, the Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the natural wonders of the world. It is the largest structure in the world made by living creatures. A wide variety of tropical wildlife also ____47____ (make) the reef its home. Since the Great Barrier Reef is just below the surface of the water, it is an excellent place_____48_____ (see) nature, and millions of people travel there every year. The park was created in 1975 to protect the reef ______49______ overdevelopment and fishing. Unfortunately, the _____50_____ (big) danger to the Great Barrier Reef is something park ______51______ (manage) cannot stop — global warming. Rising ocean temperatures are causing some coral to die ______52______ the colourful reefs to turn grey. Hundreds of years ago, people could not imagine that there would ever be a time _____53_____ forests would be cut down, oceans would become______54______(pollute), and wildlife would face extinction. Facing the problems of environment pollution and overdevelopment, some national parks have been set aside to protect both natural features and wildlife. _____55_____ protection of natural areas has attracted much media attention, and now more and more people are supporting the idea of eco-friendly development. 【答案】46. Stretching 47. makes 48. to see 49. from 50. biggest 51. management 52. and 53. when 54. polluted 55. The 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁海洋公园的形成以及面临的危险。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大堡礁延伸超过2300公里，被认为是世界上自然奇观之一。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语the Great Barrier Reef和动词stretch是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Stretching。 【47题详解】 考查时态。句意：各种各样的热带野生动植物也使礁石成为家。此处是谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填makes。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大堡礁位于水面以下，这是一个观看大自然的好地方，每年有数百万人旅行。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词place，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to see。 【49题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：该公园于 1975 年创建，旨在保护珊瑚礁免遭过度开发和捕捞。protect....from...固定搭配，意为“保护……免受……”。故填from。 【50题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：不幸的是，对大堡礁的最大危险是公园管理无法停止的东西—全球变暖。此处表示“最大的危险”，the后应用big的最高级作定语，修饰名词danger，故填biggest。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：不幸的是，对大堡礁的最大危险是公园管理无法停止的东西——全球变暖。此处应用名词management作定语从句中的主语，不可数，故填management。 【52题详解】 考查连词。句意：海洋温度升高导致一些珊瑚死亡，五颜六色的珊瑚礁变成灰色。空前句子和空后句子是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。 【53题详解】 考查连词。句意：数百年前，人们无法想象有一次森林会被砍伐，海洋会受到污染，野生动植物将面临灭绝。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，故填when。 【54题详解】 考查形容词。句意：数百年前，人们无法想象有一次森林会被砍伐，海洋会受到污染，野生动植物将面临灭绝。此处应用形容词polluted作表语，表示“受到污染的”，故填polluted。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对自然领域的保护引起了很多媒体的关注，现在越来越多的人支持对环保发展的想法。此处特指对自然领域的保护，应用定冠词the，故填the。 第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 56. The pattern of injuries is c____________ (和……一致，和……相符) with an attack with a knife. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】consistent##onsistent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：伤势情况与刀伤特征相符。根据汉语提示“和……一致，和……相符”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词consistent，作表语。故填consistent。 57. The drop in supply equates to about a month of food c____________ (消费；消耗) for Kenya and Somalia combined. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】consumption##onsumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：供应的减少相当于肯尼亚和索马里一个月的食品消费量的总和。根据汉语提示“消费，消耗”可知，此处为名词consumption，作宾语。故填consumption。 58. The total amount of e____________(接触；暴露) to the smoke along the surface area of the lung is thought to be higher. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】exposure##xposure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：据认为，肺部表面积接触到的烟雾总量会更高。根据汉语提示“接触，暴露”和首字母提示可知，此处为不可数名词exposure，作主语。故填exposure。 59. There can be more room in the b____________ (预算) for better foods if meat is kept to a minimum. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】budget##udget 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果肉类保持在最低限度，预算中就会有更多的空间来购买更好的食物。根据汉语提示“预算”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词budget，作介词宾语。故填budget。 60. Research into ageing in larger mammals gives an i____________ (洞察) into human life expectancy. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】insight##nsight 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对大型哺乳动物衰老的研究为了解人类预期寿命提供了洞察。“洞察”作宾语，根据首字母提示，用名词insight，结合不定冠词an可知，用其单数形式。故填insight。 61. New Yorkers have been told what they had long s____________ (怀疑) but did not particularly want to know. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】suspected##uspected 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：纽约人已经被告知了他们长期以来怀疑但并不是特别想知道的事情。“怀疑”作从句谓语，结合首字母提示，用动词suspect，结合句意和助动词had可知，用过去分词构成过去完成时态had suspected，描述过去的过去发生的事情。故填suspected。 62. With a m____________ (成熟的) and rational mindset, she was able to handle the complex project with ease, carefully considering all possible options and consequences before taking any action. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】mature##ature 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：凭借成熟理性的心态，她能够轻松应对复杂的项目，在采取任何行动之前仔细考虑所有可能的选择和后果。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词mindset，“成熟的”应用形容词mature，故填mature。 63. I was far from c____________(信服，说服) about this, but felt we had to try. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】convinced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对此远未信服，但我觉得我们必须试一试。根据汉语提示“信服，说服”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词convinced，作表语。故填convinced。 64. Her speech missed the mark and failed to g____________ (产生) the public support she had been hoping for. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】generate##enerate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她的演讲没有达到预期目的，未能获得她所希望的公众支持。fail to do sth.固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，此处应用动词原形，“产生”为动词generate，故填generate。 65. This remarkable technology provides far greater clarity than c____________ (传统的、常规的) X-rays. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】conventional##onventional 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项非凡的技术提供了比传统X射线更高的清晰度。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词conventional，作定语修饰名词x-rays。故填conventional。 66. We’re required to t____________ (解决) the fundamental cause of the problem. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】tackle##ackle 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们需要解决问题的基本原因。be required to do sth.固定搭配，意为“被要求做某事”，此处应用动词原形，“解决”为动词tackle，故填tackle。 67. Her disappointing exam results are e____________(完全) due to her inattention in class. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】entirely##ntirely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她令人失望的考试成绩完全是由于她上课不专心。根据汉语提示“完全”和首字母提示可知，此处为副词entirely，作状语修饰介词短语due to。故填entirely。 68. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in n ________ (营养). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】nutrition##utrition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，营养不丰富。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“营养”应为nutrition且为不可数名词。故填nutrition。 69. I remain o____________(乐观) that a peaceful settlement of the dispute can be achieved. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】optimistic##ptimistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我仍然对和平解决这一争端持乐观态度。根据汉语提示“乐观”和首字母可知，此处为形容词optimistic，作表语。故填optimistic。 70. The project is only in the i___________ (最初的) phase as yet, but it’s looking quite promising. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】initial##nitial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该项目仅在初始阶段，但看起来很有希望。“最初的”为形容词initial作定语，修饰名词phase，故填initial。 第六部分 完成句子(共10 小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) thanks to get involved in above all feel at home for instance regardless of subscribe to in charge of consist of in turn prior to break out 71. __________________ the automobile, Americans soon had a freedom of movement previously unknown. 72. Each of us can develop his or her own “energy saving programme” with a little self-observation, critical self-control and,_________________, logical consistency. 73. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who _________________ instruct middle school students on the topic. 74. Carbon dioxide _________________ carbon and oxygen. 75. Since the war ______________, the phones at donation centres have been ringing off the hook. 76. Many renowned scientists in the field of astrophysics _________________ the theory of the BigBang, as it provides a comprehensive explanation for the origin and evolution of the universe. 77. Mary is _________________ the art and music section; and Charles, the sports page. 78. __________________ the fact that they had limited resources and a tight deadline, the project team managed to deliver an outstanding result through their unwavering dedication and innovative thinking. 79. She addressed me with an easy familiarity that made me _______________ . 80. Mobile devices are becoming less expensive. Sophisticated smartphones, _________________ , can now be purchased for less than $100. 【答案】71. Thanks to 72. above all 73. in turn 74. consists of 75. broke out 76. subscribe to 77. in charge of 78. Regardless of 79. feel at home 80. for instance 【解析】 【71题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：多亏了汽车，美国人很快就有了以前从未有过的行动自由。根据句意“幸亏，由于”可知，此处为介词短语thanks to，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Thanks to。 【72题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我们每个人都可以通过一点自我观察、严格的自我控制，以及最重要的逻辑一致性，制定自己的“节能计划”。根据句意“最重要的是”可知，此处为介词短语above all。故填above all。 【73题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他们聘请大学生给高中生教授计算机科学，而这些高中生又会转而给初中生讲解这个话题。根据句意“转而”可知，此处为介词短语in turn。故填in turn。 【74题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：二氧化碳由碳和氧组成。根据句意“由……组成”可知，此处为动词短语consist of，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Carbon dioxide，谓语动词使用第三人陈单数形式。故填consists of。 【75题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：自从战争爆发以来，捐赠中心的电话就一直响个不停。根据句意“爆发”可知，此处为动词短语break out，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填broke out。 【76题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：天体物理学领域的许多著名科学家都赞同大爆炸理论，因为它为宇宙的起源和演化提供了一个全面的解释。根据句意“同意，赞同”可知，此处为动词短语subscribe to，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形。故填subscribe to。 【77题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：玛丽负责艺术和音乐版块，而查尔斯负责体育版块。根据句意“负责”可知，此处为介词短语in charge of。故填in charge of。 【78题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管资源有限且时间紧迫，但项目团队凭借坚定的奉献精神和创新思维，成功取得了出色的成果。根据句意“尽管”可知，此处为介词短语regardless of，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Regardless of。 【79题详解】 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：她以一种轻松亲切的态度跟我说话，让我感到宾至如归。根据句意“感到宾至如归”可知，此处为动词短语feel at home，make sb do sth为固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”。故填feel at home。 【80题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：移动设备正变得越来越便宜。例如，现在可以用不到100美元的价格买到功能强大的智能手机。根据句意“例如”可知，此处为介词短语for instance。故填for instance。 第七部分 应用文写作 (满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： (1)介绍一位当代的伟大科学家； (2)对你的启发。 注意： (1)写作词数应为 80个左右； (2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 What Makes a Great Scientist? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 What Makes a Great Scientist? When discussing what makes a great scientist, Yuan Longping comes to my mind first. In the 1960s, witnessing the famine, he was determined to boost rice yields. Despite the harsh conditions in the fields, he dedicated himself to hybrid rice research. After numerous failures, he finally developed high-yielding hybrid rice, which significantly increased global rice production and saved countless lives. From Yuan Longping, I realize that a great scientist is characterized by a strong sense of responsibility and unwavering perseverance. As students, we are inspired to pursue our academic goals with dedication. Whether it’s aiming for high grades, participating in research projects, or exploring new fields of knowledge, we should strive for excellence. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，参加主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 艰苦的：harsh→tough 致力于：dedicate oneself to→devote oneself to 无数的：numerous→innumerable 意识到：realize→be aware of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the 1960s, witnessing the famine, he was determined to boost rice yields. 拓展句：In the 1960s, after he witnessed the famine, he was determined to boost rice yields. 【点睛】[高分句型1] When discussing what makes a great scientist, Yuan Longping comes to my mind first. (运用了what引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] From Yuan Longping I realize that a great scientist is characterized by a strong sense of responsibility and unwavering perseverance. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 深圳高级中学(集团)2024—2025学年第一学期期末测试题 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。考试时间120分钟，满分130分。 第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A Travel Guide Whether you’ re travelling to the islands or the mountains of Thailand, you’ re likely to spend at least one night in its capital city on the way. Bangkok might be noisy and polluted but it’s also an exciting city with plenty of things to see and do. Why not make it a longer stay? Where to stay The Khao San Road was a famous traveller spot even before Leonardo DiCaprio’s character in the film The Beach stayed there. But it’s noisy, not very pretty and not very Thai. For something more authentic, Phra Kanong offers an alternative place to stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkok people eat, work and live. It’s not as convenient for the main tourist sites, but it has a Skytrain station so you can be at the Grand Palace in 20 minutes. How to get around Bangkok’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, you can easily take a taxi — if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams — but there are two much better ways to get around the city. To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a long-tail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals. For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market. Where to eat The simple answer is: everywhere! Thai street food is among the best in the world, and for around $5 you can eat a filling and delicious meal. Some food stands have little plastic seats where you can sit and eat and they cook the same dish over and over, like fried chicken on rice or Pad Thai noodles. Head for Chinatown — Yaowarat Street — and choose whatever looks most interesting from the many excellent Chinese and Thai restaurants and food stands. What to do After you’ve seen the main sites like the Giant Buddha at the temple of WatPho and the spectacular Grand Palace, and shopped at Chatuchak market, check out the snake farm and watch the live snake show. You can even touch a snake yourself if you want to! 1. What can we know about accommodation in Bangkok? A. Khao San Road is well-known for its comfortable living conditions. B. Phra Kanong provides an authentic Thai living experience. C. Areas close to tourist sites generally have noise problems. D. The accommodation near the Skytrain stations is insufficient. 2. What is the most efficient way to reach modern shopping areas? A. Taking taxis. B. Catching an express boat. C. Taking the Skytrain. D. Catching a long-tail boat. 3. Based on the text, which one of the following could be the best advice for traveling Bangkok? A. One night is enough to fully experience Bangkok. B. Avoid express boat river taxis as they often get you stuck in traffic. C. Select dining places carefully since not all are of good quality. D. Try to explore Bangkok’s diverse spots for fun. B The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river. This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas’s library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally, my thoughts come to the idea of making a voyage of discovery. Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a sea-going adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path. 4. What does the author think of the Pole? A. It reminds him of his childhood. B. It must be a region full of surprises. C. It would fulfil his dream of being an adventurer. D. It’s too cold a destination with almost nothing. 5. What does the bold-lettered word “enterprise” in the last paragraph mean? A. career. B. adventure. C. business. D. service. 6. To realize his childhood dream, the author got . A. physically prepared by experiencing great suffering B. spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recognition C. academically prepared by reading books on exploration D. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship 7. According to the text, the author is definitely a person full of . A. courage B. fancy C. pride D. perseverance C In 1960, Douglas McGregor, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, introduced Theory X and Theory Y in his book The Human Side of Enterprise. He held that when it comes to motivating employees, specific assumptions about human nature must be factored in. Theory X assumes that the average person naturally dislikes work and will avoid it whenever possible. It also suggests that most people are easily influenced, not very intelligent, resist change, avoid responsibility, and prioritize personal security over organizational goals while being self-centred. Based on these, management is tasked with organizing all elements of a productive company. They must direct employees, motivate them through rewards and punishments, and tightly control their actions. This traditional approach often leads to autocratic (独断的) leadership within organizations. For instance, employees are closely supervised, and decisions are made from the top-down with little input from the workforce. McGregor, noticing the shortcomings of Theory X, came up with Theory Y. This theory suggests that under favorable working conditions, work can be as natural as relaxation. People, when committed, can exercise self-control and self-direction. They are willing to take on responsibility and are brimming with imagination and creativity. Organizations that follow Theory Y typically feature decentralized authority, two-way communication systems, and participative leadership. In such workplaces, employees are given more autonomy, like being involved in decision-making processes that affect their work. These two theories have been significant in crystallizing the findings of the Hawthrone Experiments. However, they have faced criticism. They tend to oversimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrongly assuming that the job itself is the sole key to motivation. Also, Theory Y can seem overly idealistic. In the real world, not every job can be made internally rewarding, and some level of external direction is often necessary. In the end, neither theory suits all situations. A combination of both, known as the contingency approach, is the most fitting for diverse organizational scenarios. This approach allows managers to adapt their motivational strategies based on the specific context, employee characteristics, and the nature of the tasks at hand. 8. Which of the following assumptions may come from Theory X? A. People are eager for job variety. B. People dislike to work by nature. C. People constantly seek to change. D. People are always cooperative. 9. What’s likely to happen in a company that follows Theory Y? A. Workers help plan their own work. B. There are strict rules for everything they do. C. Workers are pushed by the fear of losing their jobs. D. Bosses tell workers what to do for every task. 10. According to the text, what is NOT a reason to criticize McGregor’s theories? A. They assume that all employees respond identically to motivation. B. They paint a simplistic picture of how people think and act at work. C. They set an unrealistic standard for what makes a job engaging. D. They fail to account for the need for some leadership guidance. 11. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. A certain theory can fix problems in big companies. B. Knowing these theories helps with employees’ office work. C. A mix of the theories should be used depending on the situation. D. Getting employees motivated is very important for a company’s success. D The technology for speech-recognition systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many voice systems can understand the language when spoken at a normal conversational rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used today are unable to trick the listeners into thinking a computer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely on more than words to convey ideas or interpret messages, such as tones, facial expressions, body movements, and objects in the world around them. One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words. While the potential for “real” communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data. For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human. 12. According to the text, what can a VPA do? A. Entertain users with its original jokes. B. Enable people to regard it as a human. C. Hold preprogrammed conversations. D. Display the right tones in conversations. 13. Which situation reflects the concerns mentioned in the text? A. One VPA service was priced higher for protecting users’ privacy. B. An airline bore high costs for applying VPAs to its online service. C. An app failed to offer the right direction when given spoken instructions. D. Some teenagers became more socially awkward due to the addiction to VPAs. 14. What is the purpose of the text? A. To inform readers of the double-edged quality of a new technology. B. To inspire readers to explore the future of a new technology. C. To promote the application of a new technology. D. To stress the convenience of a new technology. 15. What might be the best title of the text? A. The worries over VPAs. B. Listening to“a real person”. C. The world of technology. D. Talking to technology. 第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____19____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 第二部分 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “If after the first 50 pages of a book you don’t get engaged, you’ re allowed to stop reading and try again later when you feel ready for it,” my father told me. My father holds this ___21___ responsible for his lifelong love of literature. As a busy labourer, he has regarded reading books as an almost sacred ___22___ . He feels a strong, perhaps, irresistible ____23____ to read frequently and a lot. I don’t think my father ____24____ to hand the advice down to me. He’s not the sort to give advice and I’m not the sort to ____25____ it. But I find it’s because the advice is delivered _____26_____ that it is most likely to be listened to. I like this advice “reading first 50 pages”, for the generosity and respect it extends to a book’s ____27____ and his or her craft. A reader, it suggests, needs a little ____28____ to adapt to a book’s particular tone and voice. Meanwhile, this advice gives a person permission to ____29____ reading. Nobody, it implies, need force themselves to struggle through a book they’re not ___30___ . I particularly like the ___31___ advice to return to a book “when you feel ready for it.” It’s a ___32___ that reading is naturally relational and that the readers need time. Even when I’m more than ready to stop reading by page 50, ___33___ the exercise feels worth doing. Just like stopping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ____34____ it uses them in a different way from cycling. But in both cases, it’s a satisfying kind of hurt because it’s a ____35____ of getting stronger. 21. A. warning B. advice C. guarantee D. request 22. A. debate B. protest C. beg D. escape 23. A. trend B. view C. urge D. influence 24. A. dared B. forgot C. hesitated D. intended 25. A. ask B. write C. drop D. support 26. A. safely B. quickly C. indirectly D. personally 27. A. reader B. author C. critic D. publisher 28. A. patience B. luck C. help D. grace 29. A. finish B. teach C. love D. stop 30. A. referring to B. talking about C. connecting with D. commenting on 31. A. gentle B. strong C. common D. timely 32. A. duty B. recognition C. pity D. wonder 33. A. thus B. just C. then D. still 34. A. unless B. because C. once D. before 35. A. sign B. rule C. question D. goal 第三部分 语法选择题 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 36. We must all take action to reduce our carbon footprint, and protect wildlife habitats it is too late. A. since B. until C. after D. before 37. This is the ancient tree, branches provide a cool shelter for people to rest under during hot summers. A. which B. that C. whose D. who 38. The question our small town will host a famous singer’s free concert next month has been on everyone’s lips. A. if B. whether C. what D. which 39. The experienced guide made the tourists a closer look at the rare plants in the nature reserve to appreciate their unique beauty. A. do B. done C. to do D. doing 40. in the sudden rainstorm while hiking in the mountains was an unpleasant experience for the outdoor enthusiasts. A. Being caught B. Caught C. Catching D. To Catch 41. It was in that small, cozy coffee shop by the river the two old friends reunited after years of separation. They shared many memories and laughed a lot. A. where B. which C. when D. that 42. —— This project is challenging, with its tight deadlines and complex requirements. —— Yes, but I think it’s than the one we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scope. A. more challenging B. the most challenging C. less challenging D. the least challenging 43. Finally, the company — by its new manager — started to make a profit. A. heading B. to head C. was headed D. headed 44. The greatest glory in living lies not in never , but in rising every time we fall. A. to fall B. falling C. fallen D. fall 45. In the new semester, the school has launched a series of diverse and innovative courses to meet the various interests of the students. These students may choose the courses that most interest . A. them B. themselves C. us D. itself 第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Not all famous national parks are on land. Some national parks are marine parks. One good example of this is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia. _____46_____ (stretch) over 2,300 kilometers, the Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the natural wonders of the world. It is the largest structure in the world made by living creatures. A wide variety of tropical wildlife also ____47____ (make) the reef its home. Since the Great Barrier Reef is just below the surface of the water, it is an excellent place_____48_____ (see) nature, and millions of people travel there every year. The park was created in 1975 to protect the reef ______49______ overdevelopment and fishing. Unfortunately, the _____50_____ (big) danger to the Great Barrier Reef is something park ______51______ (manage) cannot stop — global warming. Rising ocean temperatures are causing some coral to die ______52______ the colourful reefs to turn grey. Hundreds of years ago, people could not imagine that there would ever be a time _____53_____ forests would be cut down, oceans would become______54______(pollute), and wildlife would face extinction. Facing the problems of environment pollution and overdevelopment, some national parks have been set aside to protect both natural features and wildlife. _____55_____ protection of natural areas has attracted much media attention, and now more and more people are supporting the idea of eco-friendly development. 第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 56. The pattern of injuries is c____________ (和……一致，和……相符) with an attack with a knife. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 57. The drop in supply equates to about a month of food c____________ (消费；消耗) for Kenya and Somalia combined. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 58. The total amount of e____________(接触；暴露) to the smoke along the surface area of the lung is thought to be higher. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 59. There can be more room in the b____________ (预算) for better foods if meat is kept to a minimum. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 60. Research into ageing in larger mammals gives an i____________ (洞察) into human life expectancy. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 61. New Yorkers have been told what they had long s____________ (怀疑) but did not particularly want to know. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 62. With a m____________ (成熟的) and rational mindset, she was able to handle the complex project with ease, carefully considering all possible options and consequences before taking any action. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 63. I was far from c____________(信服，说服) about this, but felt we had to try. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 64. Her speech missed the mark and failed to g____________ (产生) the public support she had been hoping for. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 65. This remarkable technology provides far greater clarity than c____________ (传统的、常规的) X-rays. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 66. We’re required to t____________ (解决) the fundamental cause of the problem. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 67. Her disappointing exam results are e____________(完全) due to her inattention in class. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 68. As for chemical fertilisers crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in n ________ (营养). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 69 I remain o____________(乐观) that a peaceful settlement of the dispute can be achieved. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 70. The project is only in the i___________ (最初的) phase as yet, but it’s looking quite promising. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 第六部分 完成句子(共10 小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) thanks to get involved in above all feel at home for instance regardless of subscribe to in charge of consist of in turn prior to break out 71. __________________ the automobile, Americans soon had a freedom of movement previously unknown. 72. Each of us can develop his or her own “energy saving programme” with a little self-observation, critical self-control and,_________________, logical consistency. 73. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who _________________ instruct middle school students on the topic. 74. Carbon dioxide _________________ carbon and oxygen. 75. Since the war ______________, the phones at donation centres have been ringing off the hook. 76. Many renowned scientists in the field of astrophysics _________________ the theory of the BigBang, as it provides a comprehensive explanation for the origin and evolution of the universe. 77. Mary is _________________ the art and music section; and Charles, the sports page. 78. __________________ the fact that they had limited resources and a tight deadline, the project team managed to deliver an outstanding result through their unwavering dedication and innovative thinking. 79. She addressed me with an easy familiarity that made me _______________ . 80. Mobile devices are becoming less expensive. Sophisticated smartphones, _________________ , can now be purchased for less than $100. 第七部分 应用文写作 (满分15分) 81. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： (1)介绍一位当代伟大科学家； (2)对你的启发。 注意： (1)写作词数应为 80个左右； (2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 What Makes a Great Scientist? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$