专题11状语从句（讲义）-【上好课】2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练测（北京专用）

专题11 状语从句 目录 01考情透视·目标导航 1 02思维导图·知识导航 2 03考点突破·考向探究 3 考点一 考查状语从句的连词 3 【真题研析】 3 【核心精讲】 3 【命题预测】 12 考点二 考查状语从句的省略 14 【真题研析】 14 【核心精讲】 14 【命题预测】 18 04 重难点突破 状语从句的易混易错点 19 01 考情透视･目标导航 状语从句考情分析 考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析 考查状语从句的省略 熟练掌握状语从句的省略的各种情况 （2024北京卷）when ___16___ (ask) （2023北京卷）When 11 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空的形式命题，近三年北京高考题主要考查状语从句的省略以考查学生对有关状语从句的理解和应用，强化语言运用能力和语境理解。 预计在2025年高考中，以语法填空的形式命题。 02 思维导图･知识导航 考点一 考查状语从句的连词 1．(北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out. 【答案】until 【解析】考查连词。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知，此处用until引导时间状语从句。 状语从句基础知识概述 状语从句在句中相当于副词作状语, 又叫副词性从句。在句子中可修饰谓语（或其他动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句通常由一个连词引导，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句是近几年高考试题中常见的一个重要考点。 考点一、 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的连词 When, while, as, before, after, until till,every/each time，next/last time，by the time，the first time 例句： Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help. I fell in love with her the first time I saw her. When I was in college, I read a lot of books. 特别注意下面几个词的区别 ： while，when和as as, when引导的从句中用短暂性动词。 Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导，不可用as 或 while。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 从句表示“随时间推移”连词可用as，不用when 或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. when还含有“at that moment”的意思（= and then），引导的句子不能放在句首，也不能用as, while来替换。 They had just arrived home when it began to rain. I was about to leave the room when the phone rang. while 后面句子跟时间段 While I am away , please look after my dog. 另外注意，while位于句首时，可以引导让步状语从句，“尽管”的含义 While volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. 位于句中，作为并列连词，意思是“而，却”，表示对比 He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music . 【例题】She had just finished her homework _______her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since 解析：选A。考查状语从句。根据主从句的动词时态可知，主句谓语动词的动作在从句谓语动词之前已经完成，引导词的意思是“这时”。 until和till (1)两个连词意义相同。用于肯定句中表示“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的；用于否定句中表示“直至某时才做某事”，通常与短暂动词的否定式连用，这时，until和till也可用before代替。正确使用这两个连词的关键在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 He waited until/till we finished our meal. I didn’t leave until/till/before she came back. (2)until引导的从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till从句一般不放在句首。 Until he told me, I knew nothing about it. (3)否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 ①not until... 在句首时，主句用倒装。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. ②not until用在强调句中，构成“It is/was not until... that... ”强调句型。 It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 【例题】If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ____ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 【答案】D 【考点】考查状语从句。 【解析】句意为：如果众人都说一部电影不好，我不会急着去看，或者会等到结果出来。 有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句the minute, the moment, every time, the  first time 翻译为 “一…就…”的短语有 the minute, the moment，另外还有副词引导的directly，immediately，instantly， The moment he reached the country, he started his search. Directly the heeadmaster came in, everyone was quiet. The young lady rushed into the room immediate-ly she heard the noise. Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 考点二、 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。 e.g. Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. Where there is a will, there is a way. You can go wherever you like these days. where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。 注意区分 where 引导的定语从句和 状语从句，辨别的技巧是 where之前是否已经有先行词。 e.g We want to live in a place where there’s fresh air. We want to live where there’s fresh air. 考点三 、原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember. Because，since，as，for 辨析 1 because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。 I came back late yesterday because I was on duty. 2 since表示既然或已知的理由，也可表示稍加分析就可知的原因，多放句首。 Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. 3 as引导的原因状语从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中； As you didn’t turn up at yesterday’s get-together, we missed you very much. 4 并列连词for，for连接的是并列句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. 引导原因状语从句的还有其他的一些词，now that，seeing that，in that，considering that considering that, seeing (that), now that, in that和since 意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思。 Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey. Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor. This book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 考点四 、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免），lest = for fear that等。 You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that (lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 目的状语从句中常用情态动词放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号。 注意：so that和in order that与so as to和in order to的转换。 【例题1】The police officers in our city work hard _____ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if 【答案】C 【考点】考查状语从句。 【解析】句意为：为了让我们大家过上平安的日子，我市警察工作非常卖力。 【例题2】He had his camera ready _____ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 【答案】C 【考点】引导词。 【解析】句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。”in case 为“以防；以免”even if为“即使”if only 为“如果…”,so that “为了，以便”。 考点五 、结果状语从句 so...that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news. so...that的so后面紧跟形容词或副词。 The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. such...that的such...that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就 He is such a young boy that he can‘t go to school. 考点六、条件状语从句 条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )，In case。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。 e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank. We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. =We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. So long as you work hard, you will succeed. In case I forget, please remind me about it. unless和if...not同义，unless是书面语，if...not是口语，通常二者可以换用； unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式； 条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。 在真实条件句中，如 We won’t go for a picnic if it rains tomorrow. 如果是虚拟条件句，则根据虚拟语气的用法来。如 We wouldn’t go for a picnic if it rained tomorrow. 考点七.、方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。 e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you. Do as you are told to. 此处as意为“按照或正如”； as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样； 从句中可以用现在时，表示可能符合事实 如 It seems as if he is sleeping. 也可以用虚拟语气。 He acted as if nothing had happened. 【例题】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though 【答案】A 【考点】本题考察状语从句的用法。 【解析】根据句意，空格处需要填入"好像，仿佛"。故选A。句意：Jack什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。 考点八、让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。 注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind. Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field. We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day. though、although等引导的让步状语从句，不能和but连用，但可以与yet或still连用。 though/although意义相同，用法基本相同。 【例题】Frank insisted that he was not asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so 【答案】B 【考点】考查状语从句。 【解析】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫醒，但Frank坚持说他没有睡着。Although引导让步状语从句。 even if，even though We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. even if和even though意为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味。 no matter wh-与whatever，whoever，whenever，wherever 都可以引导让步状语从句，但是wh-等 词还可以引导名词性从句，而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语。 No matter what happened, he would not mind no matter wh-与wh-+ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样 Whatever happened, he would not mind. 判断wh-ever引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的要点： 名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要由从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。 【例题】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with. A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever 【答案】C 【考点】考查让步状语从句。[来源:学科网] 【解析】句意为“我们不论是跟谁握手的时候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊敬。”shake hands with sb.表示“与某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从句。 考点九 、比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more，the same...as，such..as 等引导。 e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 表示同程度级别的比较，肯定句用as...as否定句可用not as...as 或not so...as。 than He runs less fast than me. 表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。 the more... the more The more you read, the better you understand. The sooner, the better the more...the more意为“越……越……”，从句在前主句在后，这两个the都修饰表示程度的副词，用在形容词或副词比较级的前面；若句意明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。 【常考点梳理 】 一、考查because，since，as和for (1)because语气最强，用来回答why的提问，放在主句的前后均可。下列情况下只能使用because： ①在回答why的问句时；②在用于强调句型时；③被not所否定时。 You want to know why I’m leaving. I’m leaving because I’m full. It was because I love the job that I accepted the offer. I didn’t like the job because I’m bad-paid. (2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些。 Since you don’t understand, I will explain it again. (3)for的语气不及because, since, as强，为并列连词，引导的分句常放在主句之后，从句前通常用逗号，表示说话者为所做的推断和预测提供理由，或对前一分句进行补充和解释。 It’s morning now, for the birds are singing. 二、考查“一……就……”结构 英语中有许多词和短语可用来引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，它们虽不是连词，但具有连词的功能。这些词（短语）归纳起来，主要有以下几类： ①名词类：主要有the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day 等。 The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. The instant he opened the door he saw the thief. He is going to visit his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. ②副词类：主要有immediately, directly, instantly, once 等。 Once he arrives, we can start. Immediately he came I told him the news. ③句型类：主要有no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when。若将 no sooner, hardly，scarcely置于句首，则其后要用倒装语序。 We had no sooner set out than it began to rain. =No sooner had we set out than it began to rain. She had hardly arrived when it began to snow. =Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 三、考查though的用法 ①though conj. 虽然；尽管（不与but连用，但可以跟yet, still连用）；也可用作副词（在句尾），表示“然而”。 Though we are poor, we are still happy. He promised to phone. I heard nothing, though. ②as/though引导的让步状语从句用部分倒装。可以把表语、状语、谓语提前。若表语是名词时，名词前常省略冠词。 Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. Much as/though I like it, I don’t want to buy it. Try as/though he might, he wouldn’t succeed. ③as though= as if；even though= even if You sound as though/if you’ve caught a cold. Even though/if we achieve great successes in our work, we should not be conceited. 难点透视 【难点一】几种特殊句型结构的区别 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ①It will be a long time ______ we meet them again. ②—Did Jack come back early last night? —Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he arrived home. ③It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time. ④It was some time ______ we realized the truth. 解析：下列的It句型表示的含义各不相同： (1)“It is/was+时刻+when从句”表示“某事发生时是什么时候”。 (2)“It is/has been+时间段+since从句”表示“自从……以来有多长时间了”。 (3)“It will/would be+时间段+before 从句”表示“还要过多长时间……才……”。 (4)“It will/would not be+时间段+before 从句”表示“过不了多长时间……就会……”。 (5)“It was+时间段+before从句”表示“过了多长时间才……”。 (6)“It was not+时间段+before从句”表示“没过多长时间就……”。 第①题考查的是句型：It will/would be+时间段+before 从句。 第②题考查的是句型：It is/was+时刻+when从句。 第③题考查的是句型：It is/has been+时间段+since从句； 第④考查的是句型：It was+时间段+before从句。 温馨提示：注意下面两句话的含义。 It is five years since I lived in Jinan. 自从我不住在济南以来已经5年了。 It is five years since I began to live in Jinan. 自从我住在济南以来已经5年了。 【例题】As is reported, it is 100 years _____________Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since 【答案】D 【考点】考查状语从句。 【解析】“It is + 时间段 +since + 从句（谓语为一般过去时）”为固定句型，故【答案】选D。句意为：“正如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校以来已有100年时间了。” 【难点二】状语从句中的时态 用括号内所给词的正确形式完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ①She will get married when she ______ (meet) the right man. ②We won’t climb up the mountain until rain ______(stop). 解析：时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来时、用现在完成时表示将来完成时。第①题从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时，空白处填meets。第②题用现在完成时表示将来完成时，空白处填has stopped。 【难点三】only if和if only 用only if或if only完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ① _______you study hard, you will pass the test. ②________ I had wings, I would be able to travel around the world easily. 解析：only if 引导的从句用陈述语气，意为“只要”；if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气，意为“但愿……”，“要是……就好了”。所以第①题填Only if，第②题If only。 1． the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time with great efforts. 【答案】Although/Though/While 【难度】0.65 【知识点】although、though、although引导让步状语从句 、though引导让步状语从句 、while引导让步状语从句 【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然这项任务很困难，但他们还是付出巨大努力按时完成了它。由句意可知，两句之间为转折关系，空处应用连词，引导让步状语从句；从属连词although/though/while表示“虽然，尽管”符合句意；句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 2．How long do you think it will be the computer company brings out a new product? 【答案】before 【难度】0.65 【知识点】before、固定句型、before引导时间状语从句 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：你认为电脑公司出新产品之前将要多长时间？“it will be+时间段+before...”是固定句型，意为“要过多久才……”，此处是before引导时间状语从句，且句子使用了特殊疑问句式。故填before。 3．When deeply absorbed in work, he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 【答案】as 【难度】0.65 【知识点】as引导方式状语从句 【详解】考查连词。句意：当他全神贯注地工作时，就像他经常做的那样，他会忘记吃和睡。空格处应填连词，引导方式状语从句，根据句意“就像”是连词as。故填as。 4． book you borrow, you must return it in a week. 【答案】Whichever 【难度】0.65 【知识点】whichever、特殊疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你借哪本书，都必须在一周内归还。本空引导让步状语从句，缺少“无论哪一个”的含义，用whichever引导。故填Whichever。 5．A new school will be built there used to be a factory. 【答案】where 【难度】0.65 【知识点】school、where引导地点状语从句 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：一所新学校将在过去曾是一家工厂的地方建造。空格处引导地点状语从句，表示“新学校建在过去曾是一家工厂的地方”，所以用从属连词where引导该从句。故填where。 6．Hard he tried, he still failed to carry out the plan. 【答案】as/though 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句、部分倒装 【详解】考查让步状语从句和倒装。句意：尽管他很努力，他还是没能执行计划。根据句子结构，逗号前面为从句，结合句意，表示“尽管他很努力”，为让步状语从句，Hard放在开头，he tried为主语和谓语，空处缺少as/though构成让步状语从句倒装结构，此处为adv./+as/though+主语+谓语。故填as/though。 7．She was tired that she fell asleep as soon as her head hit the pillow. 【答案】so 【难度】0.65 【知识点】结果状语从句 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：她太累了，头一碰到枕头就睡着了。分析句子可知，此处为连词so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从可，满足句意要求。故填so。 8．A small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space for baggage. 【答案】unless 【难度】0.65 【知识点】unless、条件状语从句 【详解】考查连词。句意：一辆小车对一个三口之家来说足够大了，除非你需要更大的空间放行李。根据句意可知，此处应用连词unless“除非，如果不”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 9． advice I give him, he always behaves in his own way. I simply can’t do anything with him. 【答案】Whatever/hatever 【难度】0.65 【知识点】whatever、让步状语从句 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我给他什么建议，他总是按照自己的方式行事。我对他简直束手无策。根据句意的需要可知，此处应该填入表示“无论什么”的引导词，即whatever，它作定语修饰advice，故填whatever。 10． (instant) Mo Yan stepped onto the stage, the audience burst into thunderous applause. 【答案】Instantly 【难度】0.65 【知识点】instantly、时间状语从句 【详解】考查连词。句意：莫言一走上舞台，全场就响起雷鸣般的掌声。根据语意可知，空处应填连词Instantly“一……就”引导时间状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。故填Instantly。 考点二 考查状语从句的省略 (2024北京卷)And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). 【答案】asked 【解析】 And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度).考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 （2023北京卷）When 11 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 【答案】seen 【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 在表示时间、地点、条件、方式（比较）或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语动词含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it，那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是be动词）往往可以省略。使用这些省略结构可收到言简意赅之功效。 （一）从属连词+名词 例句：Though (he was) a young man, he has written three famous novels. 虽然年轻，但他已经写了三本著名的小说了。 例句：When (he was) still was a boy of six, Bob was sent away from home. 鲍勃才六岁时就被送出家门。 例句：As (she was) a child, she began to learn to play the piano. 还是个孩子时，她就开始学习谈钢琴。 （二）从属连词+形容词 例句：When (they are) ripe, the grapes will be delicious. 当葡萄成熟之后就会很好吃。 例句：Though (she was) young, she had to live on himself. 虽然年纪轻轻，但她不得不养活自己。 例句：He talked to the stranger as if (he were) absent-minded. 他和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。 （三）从属连词+副词 例句：Unless (you are) here, you can't find this kind of butterfly. 除非在这里，其他地方找不到这种蝴蝶。 例句：While (we were) there, we joined in voluntary labour on a project. 我们一到那儿，就自愿参加了这项工程。 （四）从属连词+介词短语 例句：When (you are) in doubt, please consult a dictionary. 有疑问的时候，就请查字典。 例句：The waves dashed on the rocks as if (they were) in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像发怒一般。 例句：While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，他是一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 （五）从属连词+不定式 例句：He raised his hand as if (he were) to ask something. 他举起手好像要问什么。 例句：He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge. 即使他来负责，他也解决不了这个问题。 （六）从属连词+动词的-ing形式 例句：Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过马路时要小心车。 例句：Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. 虽然他的父母缺钱，他们仍然把他送入了大学。 （=Though his parents lack money, they managed to send him to university.） 例句：He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 （=He stared at me as if he had saw me for the first time.） 注意！As在引导时间状语从句时，其后不能运用省略形式，此时用when、while替代。 例句：When/While living in London, I picked up English. （不能用As） 在伦敦居住期间，我学了一点英语。 （七）从属连词+动词的-ed形式 例句：When (it is) taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. 按照说明服用，这种药就没有副作用。 例句：When (it is) published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year. 一旦出版，这部小说将会成为该年度的畅销书之一。 例句：She has finished the work earlier than (it has been) expected. 这项工作比预期的提前完成。 例句：Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad concert. 即使邀请我去，我都不想去听如此差的音乐会。 例句：You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应待在原地，除非叫你离开。 例句：The boy wouldn't leave even though (he had been) asked to twice. 尽管跟小男孩说过两次，但他还是不愿离开。 （八）其他形式 1）省略式的条件状语从句句型为if necessary、if possible、if true、if so、if not、if anyone、unless、once、as long as等词或短语后也运用省略形式。这种省略式的状语运用频繁，有的已经成了习惯表达法，被人们所熟知，而对于其完整的状语从句用的越来越少。 例句：If (it is) necessary, we will buy a new car. 如果有必要的话，我们会买一辆新车。 例句：If (it is) possible, I’ll travel to Denmark next month. 如果可能的话，下个月我会去丹麦旅行。 例句：He may be busy. If (it is) so, I’ll call later. If (it is) not, can I see him now ? 他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗？ 例句：If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。 2）状语从句中的主语尽管与主句的主语不同，但如果是根据主、从句的对应关系判断，意思比较明确，同时，从句的谓语又含有动词“be”的某种形式，则可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分 例句：There are a few simple safety measures to follow while (you are) training. 训练时有几点简单地安全措施必须遵守。 例句：We all expect to live where (the place is) not polluted. 我们每个人都期望生活在一个未受到污染的地方。 3）如果状语从句和主语都含有“there be”的某种形式或只有状语从句含有“there be”的某种形式，从句中的“there be”常常也可以省略 例句：There are few, if (there are) any mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。 例句：We shouldn't lose heart as long as (there is) any hope with us. 只要有一线希望我们就不能灰心。 4）由than和as引导的比较状语从句，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后面的任何部分 例句：He works as fast as a skilled worker (does). 他工作起来跟技术工人一样快。 例句：I know you better than (I know) him. 我对你比对他了解得更清楚。 1．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. 【答案】exposed 【难度】0.65 【知识点】expose、状语从句中的省略 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：一旦暴露在光线下，胶片就会受损并变得无法使用。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中once引导的状语从句中完整句子为Once the film is exposed to light，句子主语the film和动词expose构成动宾关系，需用被动语态，省略the film is，保留过去分词exposed。故填exposed。 2．To guarantee security, children, when ( accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 【答案】accompanied/ccompanied 【难度】0.65 【知识点】accompany、状语从句中的省略、过去分词表示被动意义 【详解】考查省略句和过去分词。句意：为了保证安全，孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。分析句子可知，此处是when引导的状语从句，从句的主语和主句的主语children一致，可用代词they代替，且由by their parents可知此处是被动语态，时态是一般现在时，此时可省略when从句的主语和be代词，即when (they are) accpmpanied by their parents。故填accompanied。 3．When (perform), in addition to singing, performers use well-established movements to express certain emotions and meanings. 【答案】performing 【难度】0.65 【知识点】perform、状语从句中的省略 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在表演时，表演者除了唱歌之外，还会用既定的动作来表达某些情感和意义。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为When引导的时间状语从句，从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中包含be动词，可以省略“主语和be动词”，还原之后为“when performers are performing”，perform与句子主语performers之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式performing。故填performing。 4．No matter how clearly (clarify), the issues can’t still get through to all of us. 【答案】clarified 【难度】0.65 【知识点】clarify、状语从句中的省略 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：无论问题被解释得多么清楚，仍然不能使我们所有人都理解。no matter how引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管怎样……”。状语从句的完整结构为“No matter how clearly the issues are clarified, ……”，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。故填clarified。 5．I learned this while (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to swallow a hook. 【答案】taking 【难度】0.65 【知识点】take (good) care of、状语从句中的省略、现在分词表示主动意义 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：我学到以上这些是在我照看一只不够走运吞了挂钩的海鸥期间。while引导从句的主语与主句主语一致，为I，I与take care of之间为主动关系，还原完整的主谓结构应为“while I was taking care of …”, 从句中主语与be动词可以省略，其省略形式为“while taking care of…”。故填taking。 04重难点突破 状语从句易混易错点 高考英语语法词汇专项突破：重点语法易错易混点解析(状语从句、省略、短语动词和虚拟语气) 本文重点辨析时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句、省略、现将它们的易错易混点总结如下： 【误用1】I want to see him the minute he will arrive. 【指正】will arrive改为arrives。 时间状语从句和条件状语从句不用一般将来时，通常用一般现在时代替。 【运用】Next time you go shopping, throw in a few extra fruit and vegetables. You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 【误用2】 It is high time that the children go to bed.  【指正】go改为went或者在其前加上should。 It is(high) time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。  【运用】It' s time we threw that old chair out, for it' s completely broken. It's also the very time that we should regulate agricultural structue. 【误用3】I hope that while time goes on we will realize that it is important for us to talk  openly about Aids,  【指正】 while改为 as。 引导时间状语从句时，while和as都有“当……时”的意思，但是as还有“随着”的意思。As time goes on的意思是“随着时间的推移”。 【运用】But as time goes on, you will realize that if you really love someone, the whole life will not be enough. 【误用4】But in case of you break a promise, at least admit it openly and attempt to keep your other promises. 【指正】删掉of。 In case和in case of都可以表示“如果，假设”，前者是连词，引导条件状语从句，后者是介词，跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 【运用】I will send you a copy in case you care to read it. Please let us know in case of further requirement. 【误用5】—How about coming to my house? —I’d love if it doesn’t give you so much trouble. 【指正】love 后加上 to。 为了避免重复，我们常常把作宾语、宾补和谓语动词的一部分的不定式省略，只保留动词不定式的符号to。常见有四种情况：在hope, like, love, mean，promise, want, wish等词后作宾语；在allow, ask, tell 等词后作宾语补足语；在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等词后作状语；在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后。 【运用】He didn't mean to, but he deleted the files by accident. She can get a job if she hopes to. Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to. She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to. 【误用6】For example, if you're going to look through a telescope and you pick up it and put it on your eye. 【指正】it与up位置对调。 在“动词+副词”的短语动词中，跟名词作宾语时，名词置于副词的前后均可，如果跟代词作宾语，则代词只可以置于动词与副词之间。 【运用】When you have finished, please fold the map and put it away. She caught my cold and passed it on to her husband. 【误用7】Every evening after dinner, if not tiring from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. 【指正】tiring改为tired。 “连词+分词”是状语从句的省略形式，分词的逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致。if后面所用的非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语I，所以用过去分词tired，补全是if I am not tired,…。 【运用】Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool.  The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, wounded in the head. 【误用8】We’d love to see you on Saturday, suppose that I don’t have to work that day. 【指正】suppose改为supposing。 suppose本来是动词，supposing本来是现在分词，都可以用作连词引导条件状语从句，意思是“假如，如果”，当从句置于句首时主句多用问句。suppose作为连词引导条件状语从句时，它通常是置于主句之前，而supposing引导条件状语从句时，则可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。 【运用】 Suppose/Supposing that there is no pure water, what shall we drink? Where can you hide, supposing you are able to escape from the police? 【误用9】If the weather is fine, we'll go. If _____, _____. A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not 【答案】A。 【解析归纳】通常前面已经出现相同的内容，在后面可以省略。本句补全是：If the weather is not fine, we will not go.。 【误用10】When I heard him ______ the nurses at the station, I dragged myself up. A. to great B. be greeted C. greeted D. greet 【答案】D。 【解析归纳】感官动词跟不定式作宾补时，在主动语态中通常省掉to，但是在被动句中to不省掉。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题11 状语从句 目录 01考情透视·目标导航 1 02思维导图·知识导航 2 03考点突破·考向探究 3 考点一 考查状语从句的连词 3 【真题研析】 3 【核心精讲】 3 【命题预测】 11 考点二 考查状语从句的省略 11 【真题研析】 11 【核心精讲】 11 【命题预测】 14 04 重难点突破 状语从句的易混易错点 15 01 考情透视･目标导航 状语从句考情分析 考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析 考查状语从句的省略 熟练掌握状语从句的省略的各种情况 （2024北京卷）when ___16___ (ask) （2023北京卷）When 11 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空的形式命题，近三年北京高考题主要考查状语从句的省略以考查学生对有关状语从句的理解和应用，强化语言运用能力和语境理解。 预计在2025年高考中，以语法填空的形式命题。 02 思维导图･知识导航 考点一 考查状语从句的连词 1．(北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out. 状语从句基础知识概述 状语从句在句中相当于副词作状语, 又叫副词性从句。在句子中可修饰谓语（或其他动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句通常由一个连词引导，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句是近几年高考试题中常见的一个重要考点。 考点一、 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的连词 When, while, as, before, after, until till,every/each time，next/last time，by the time，the first time 例句： Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help. I fell in love with her the first time I saw her. When I was in college, I read a lot of books. 特别注意下面几个词的区别 ： while，when和as as, when引导的从句中用短暂性动词。 Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导，不可用as 或 while。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 从句表示“随时间推移”连词可用as，不用when 或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. when还含有“at that moment”的意思（= and then），引导的句子不能放在句首，也不能用as, while来替换。 They had just arrived home when it began to rain. I was about to leave the room when the phone rang. while 后面句子跟时间段 While I am away , please look after my dog. 另外注意，while位于句首时，可以引导让步状语从句，“尽管”的含义 While volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. 位于句中，作为并列连词，意思是“而，却”，表示对比 He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music . 【例题】She had just finished her homework _______her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since until和till (1)两个连词意义相同。用于肯定句中表示“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的；用于否定句中表示“直至某时才做某事”，通常与短暂动词的否定式连用，这时，until和till也可用before代替。正确使用这两个连词的关键在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 He waited until/till we finished our meal. I didn’t leave until/till/before she came back. (2)until引导的从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till从句一般不放在句首。 Until he told me, I knew nothing about it. (3)否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 ①not until... 在句首时，主句用倒装。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. ②not until用在强调句中，构成“It is/was not until... that... ”强调句型。 It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 【例题】If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ____ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句the minute, the moment, every time, the  first time 翻译为 “一…就…”的短语有 the minute, the moment，另外还有副词引导的directly，immediately，instantly， The moment he reached the country, he started his search. Directly the heeadmaster came in, everyone was quiet. The young lady rushed into the room immediate-ly she heard the noise. Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 考点二、 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。 e.g. Sit wherever you like. Make a mark where you have a question. Where there is a will, there is a way. You can go wherever you like these days. where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。 注意区分 where 引导的定语从句和 状语从句，辨别的技巧是 where之前是否已经有先行词。 e.g We want to live in a place where there’s fresh air. We want to live where there’s fresh air. 考点三 、原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember. Because，since，as，for 辨析 1 because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。 I came back late yesterday because I was on duty. 2 since表示既然或已知的理由，也可表示稍加分析就可知的原因，多放句首。 Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. 3 as引导的原因状语从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中； As you didn’t turn up at yesterday’s get-together, we missed you very much. 4 并列连词for，for连接的是并列句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. 引导原因状语从句的还有其他的一些词，now that，seeing that，in that，considering that considering that, seeing (that), now that, in that和since 意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思。 Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey. Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor. This book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 考点四 、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免），lest = for fear that等。 You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that (lest) he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 目的状语从句中常用情态动词放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号。 注意：so that和in order that与so as to和in order to的转换。 【例题1】The police officers in our city work hard _____ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if 【例题2】He had his camera ready _____ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 考点五 、结果状语从句 so...that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news. so...that的so后面紧跟形容词或副词。 The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. such...that的such...that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就 He is such a young boy that he can‘t go to school. 考点六、条件状语从句 条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )，In case。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。 e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank. We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. =We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. So long as you work hard, you will succeed. In case I forget, please remind me about it. unless和if...not同义，unless是书面语，if...not是口语，通常二者可以换用； unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式； 条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。 在真实条件句中，如 We won’t go for a picnic if it rains tomorrow. 如果是虚拟条件句，则根据虚拟语气的用法来。如 We wouldn’t go for a picnic if it rained tomorrow. 考点七.、方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。 e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you. Do as you are told to. 此处as意为“按照或正如”； as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样； 从句中可以用现在时，表示可能符合事实 如 It seems as if he is sleeping. 也可以用虚拟语气。 He acted as if nothing had happened. 【例题】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though 考点八、让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。 注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind. Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field. We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day. though、although等引导的让步状语从句，不能和but连用，但可以与yet或still连用。 though/although意义相同，用法基本相同。 【例题】Frank insisted that he was not asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so even if，even though We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. even if和even though意为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味。 no matter wh-与whatever，whoever，whenever，wherever 都可以引导让步状语从句，但是wh-等 词还可以引导名词性从句，而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语。 No matter what happened, he would not mind no matter wh-与wh-+ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样 Whatever happened, he would not mind. 判断wh-ever引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的要点： 名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要由从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。 【例题】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with. A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever 考点九 、比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more，the same...as，such..as 等引导。 e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 表示同程度级别的比较，肯定句用as...as否定句可用not as...as 或not so...as。 than He runs less fast than me. 表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形容词或副词的比较级。 the more... the more The more you read, the better you understand. The sooner, the better the more...the more意为“越……越……”，从句在前主句在后，这两个the都修饰表示程度的副词，用在形容词或副词比较级的前面；若句意明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。 【常考点梳理 】 一、考查because，since，as和for (1)because语气最强，用来回答why的提问，放在主句的前后均可。下列情况下只能使用because： ①在回答why的问句时；②在用于强调句型时；③被not所否定时。 You want to know why I’m leaving. I’m leaving because I’m full. It was because I love the job that I accepted the offer. I didn’t like the job because I’m bad-paid. (2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些。 Since you don’t understand, I will explain it again. (3)for的语气不及because, since, as强，为并列连词，引导的分句常放在主句之后，从句前通常用逗号，表示说话者为所做的推断和预测提供理由，或对前一分句进行补充和解释。 It’s morning now, for the birds are singing. 二、考查“一……就……”结构 英语中有许多词和短语可用来引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，它们虽不是连词，但具有连词的功能。这些词（短语）归纳起来，主要有以下几类： ①名词类：主要有the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day 等。 The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. The instant he opened the door he saw the thief. He is going to visit his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. ②副词类：主要有immediately, directly, instantly, once 等。 Once he arrives, we can start. Immediately he came I told him the news. ③句型类：主要有no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when。若将 no sooner, hardly，scarcely置于句首，则其后要用倒装语序。 We had no sooner set out than it began to rain. =No sooner had we set out than it began to rain. She had hardly arrived when it began to snow. =Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 三、考查though的用法 ①though conj. 虽然；尽管（不与but连用，但可以跟yet, still连用）；也可用作副词（在句尾），表示“然而”。 Though we are poor, we are still happy. He promised to phone. I heard nothing, though. ②as/though引导的让步状语从句用部分倒装。可以把表语、状语、谓语提前。若表语是名词时，名词前常省略冠词。 Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. Much as/though I like it, I don’t want to buy it. Try as/though he might, he wouldn’t succeed. ③as though= as if；even though= even if You sound as though/if you’ve caught a cold. Even though/if we achieve great successes in our work, we should not be conceited. 难点透视 【难点一】几种特殊句型结构的区别 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ①It will be a long time ______ we meet them again. ②—Did Jack come back early last night? —Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he arrived home. ③It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time. ④It was some time ______ we realized the truth. 解析：下列的It句型表示的含义各不相同： (1)“It is/was+时刻+when从句”表示“某事发生时是什么时候”。 (2)“It is/has been+时间段+since从句”表示“自从……以来有多长时间了”。 (3)“It will/would be+时间段+before 从句”表示“还要过多长时间……才……”。 (4)“It will/would not be+时间段+before 从句”表示“过不了多长时间……就会……”。 (5)“It was+时间段+before从句”表示“过了多长时间才……”。 (6)“It was not+时间段+before从句”表示“没过多长时间就……”。 第①题考查的是句型：It will/would be+时间段+before 从句。 第②题考查的是句型：It is/was+时刻+when从句。 第③题考查的是句型：It is/has been+时间段+since从句； 第④考查的是句型：It was+时间段+before从句。 温馨提示：注意下面两句话的含义。 It is five years since I lived in Jinan. 自从我不住在济南以来已经5年了。 It is five years since I began to live in Jinan. 自从我住在济南以来已经5年了。 【例题】As is reported, it is 100 years _____________Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since 【难点二】状语从句中的时态 用括号内所给词的正确形式完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ①She will get married when she ______ (meet) the right man. ②We won’t climb up the mountain until rain ______(stop). 【难点三】only if和if only 用only if或if only完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ① _______you study hard, you will pass the test. ②________ I had wings, I would be able to travel around the world easily. 1． the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time with great efforts. 2．How long do you think it will be the computer company brings out a new product? 3．When deeply absorbed in work, he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 4． book you borrow, you must return it in a week. 5．A new school will be built there used to be a factory. 6．Hard he tried, he still failed to carry out the plan. 7．She was tired that she fell asleep as soon as her head hit the pillow. 8．A small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space for baggage. 9． advice I give him, he always behaves in his own way. I simply can’t do anything with him. 10． (instant) Mo Yan stepped onto the stage, the audience burst into thunderous applause. 考点二 考查状语从句的省略 (2024北京卷)And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). （2023北京卷）When 11 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 在表示时间、地点、条件、方式（比较）或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语动词含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it，那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是be动词）往往可以省略。使用这些省略结构可收到言简意赅之功效。 （一）从属连词+名词 例句：Though (he was) a young man, he has written three famous novels. 虽然年轻，但他已经写了三本著名的小说了。 例句：When (he was) still was a boy of six, Bob was sent away from home. 鲍勃才六岁时就被送出家门。 例句：As (she was) a child, she began to learn to play the piano. 还是个孩子时，她就开始学习谈钢琴。 （二）从属连词+形容词 例句：When (they are) ripe, the grapes will be delicious. 当葡萄成熟之后就会很好吃。 例句：Though (she was) young, she had to live on himself. 虽然年纪轻轻，但她不得不养活自己。 例句：He talked to the stranger as if (he were) absent-minded. 他和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。 （三）从属连词+副词 例句：Unless (you are) here, you can't find this kind of butterfly. 除非在这里，其他地方找不到这种蝴蝶。 例句：While (we were) there, we joined in voluntary labour on a project. 我们一到那儿，就自愿参加了这项工程。 （四）从属连词+介词短语 例句：When (you are) in doubt, please consult a dictionary. 有疑问的时候，就请查字典。 例句：The waves dashed on the rocks as if (they were) in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像发怒一般。 例句：While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，他是一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 （五）从属连词+不定式 例句：He raised his hand as if (he were) to ask something. 他举起手好像要问什么。 例句：He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge. 即使他来负责，他也解决不了这个问题。 （六）从属连词+动词的-ing形式 例句：Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过马路时要小心车。 例句：Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. 虽然他的父母缺钱，他们仍然把他送入了大学。 （=Though his parents lack money, they managed to send him to university.） 例句：He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 （=He stared at me as if he had saw me for the first time.） 注意！As在引导时间状语从句时，其后不能运用省略形式，此时用when、while替代。 例句：When/While living in London, I picked up English. （不能用As） 在伦敦居住期间，我学了一点英语。 （七）从属连词+动词的-ed形式 例句：When (it is) taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. 按照说明服用，这种药就没有副作用。 例句：When (it is) published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year. 一旦出版，这部小说将会成为该年度的畅销书之一。 例句：She has finished the work earlier than (it has been) expected. 这项工作比预期的提前完成。 例句：Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad concert. 即使邀请我去，我都不想去听如此差的音乐会。 例句：You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应待在原地，除非叫你离开。 例句：The boy wouldn't leave even though (he had been) asked to twice. 尽管跟小男孩说过两次，但他还是不愿离开。 （八）其他形式 1）省略式的条件状语从句句型为if necessary、if possible、if true、if so、if not、if anyone、unless、once、as long as等词或短语后也运用省略形式。这种省略式的状语运用频繁，有的已经成了习惯表达法，被人们所熟知，而对于其完整的状语从句用的越来越少。 例句：If (it is) necessary, we will buy a new car. 如果有必要的话，我们会买一辆新车。 例句：If (it is) possible, I’ll travel to Denmark next month. 如果可能的话，下个月我会去丹麦旅行。 例句：He may be busy. If (it is) so, I’ll call later. If (it is) not, can I see him now ? 他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗？ 例句：If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。 2）状语从句中的主语尽管与主句的主语不同，但如果是根据主、从句的对应关系判断，意思比较明确，同时，从句的谓语又含有动词“be”的某种形式，则可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分 例句：There are a few simple safety measures to follow while (you are) training. 训练时有几点简单地安全措施必须遵守。 例句：We all expect to live where (the place is) not polluted. 我们每个人都期望生活在一个未受到污染的地方。 3）如果状语从句和主语都含有“there be”的某种形式或只有状语从句含有“there be”的某种形式，从句中的“there be”常常也可以省略 例句：There are few, if (there are) any mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。 例句：We shouldn't lose heart as long as (there is) any hope with us. 只要有一线希望我们就不能灰心。 4）由than和as引导的比较状语从句，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后面的任何部分 例句：He works as fast as a skilled worker (does). 他工作起来跟技术工人一样快。 例句：I know you better than (I know) him. 我对你比对他了解得更清楚。 1．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. 2．To guarantee security, children, when ( accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 3．When (perform), in addition to singing, performers use well-established movements to express certain emotions and meanings. 4．No matter how clearly (clarify), the issues can’t still get through to all of us. 5．I learned this while (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to swallow a hook. 04重难点突破 状语从句易混易错点 高考英语语法词汇专项突破：重点语法易错易混点解析(状语从句、省略、短语动词和虚拟语气) 本文重点辨析时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句、省略、现将它们的易错易混点总结如下： 【误用1】I want to see him the minute he will arrive. 【指正】will arrive改为arrives。 时间状语从句和条件状语从句不用一般将来时，通常用一般现在时代替。 【运用】Next time you go shopping, throw in a few extra fruit and vegetables. You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 【误用2】 It is high time that the children go to bed.  【指正】go改为went或者在其前加上should。 It is(high) time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。  【运用】It' s time we threw that old chair out, for it' s completely broken. It's also the very time that we should regulate agricultural structue. 【误用3】I hope that while time goes on we will realize that it is important for us to talk  openly about Aids,  【指正】 while改为 as。 引导时间状语从句时，while和as都有“当……时”的意思，但是as还有“随着”的意思。As time goes on的意思是“随着时间的推移”。 【运用】But as time goes on, you will realize that if you really love someone, the whole life will not be enough. 【误用4】But in case of you break a promise, at least admit it openly and attempt to keep your other promises. 【指正】删掉of。 In case和in case of都可以表示“如果，假设”，前者是连词，引导条件状语从句，后者是介词，跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 【运用】I will send you a copy in case you care to read it. Please let us know in case of further requirement. 【误用5】—How about coming to my house? —I’d love if it doesn’t give you so much trouble. 【指正】love 后加上 to。 为了避免重复，我们常常把作宾语、宾补和谓语动词的一部分的不定式省略，只保留动词不定式的符号to。常见有四种情况：在hope, like, love, mean，promise, want, wish等词后作宾语；在allow, ask, tell 等词后作宾语补足语；在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等词后作状语；在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后。 【运用】He didn't mean to, but he deleted the files by accident. She can get a job if she hopes to. Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to. She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to. 【误用6】For example, if you're going to look through a telescope and you pick up it and put it on your eye. 【指正】it与up位置对调。 在“动词+副词”的短语动词中，跟名词作宾语时，名词置于副词的前后均可，如果跟代词作宾语，则代词只可以置于动词与副词之间。 【运用】When you have finished, please fold the map and put it away. She caught my cold and passed it on to her husband. 【误用7】Every evening after dinner, if not tiring from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. 【指正】tiring改为tired。 “连词+分词”是状语从句的省略形式，分词的逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致。if后面所用的非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语I，所以用过去分词tired，补全是if I am not tired,…。 【运用】Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool.  The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, wounded in the head. 【误用8】We’d love to see you on Saturday, suppose that I don’t have to work that day. 【指正】suppose改为supposing。 suppose本来是动词，supposing本来是现在分词，都可以用作连词引导条件状语从句，意思是“假如，如果”，当从句置于句首时主句多用问句。suppose作为连词引导条件状语从句时，它通常是置于主句之前，而supposing引导条件状语从句时，则可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。 【运用】 Suppose/Supposing that there is no pure water, what shall we drink? Where can you hide, supposing you are able to escape from the police? 【误用9】If the weather is fine, we'll go. If _____, _____. A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not 【误用10】When I heard him ______ the nurses at the station, I dragged myself up. A. to great B. be greeted C. greeted D. greet 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 17 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$